CN111264216A - Device for improving tomato quality and yield and light supplementing method - Google Patents
Device for improving tomato quality and yield and light supplementing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111264216A CN111264216A CN202010232919.9A CN202010232919A CN111264216A CN 111264216 A CN111264216 A CN 111264216A CN 202010232919 A CN202010232919 A CN 202010232919A CN 111264216 A CN111264216 A CN 111264216A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural modernization, and particularly relates to a device for improving the quality and the yield of tomatoes and a light supplementing method, wherein the device comprises a first supporting column, telescopic rods are fixedly connected to two sides of the top end of the first supporting column, and LED lamps are arranged at the other ends of the two telescopic rods; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the electric push rod, the first pin shaft, the second pin shaft, the third pin shaft and the like, when the electric push rod is extended or shortened, under the matching of the second pin shaft, the third pin shaft, the first connecting block, the second connecting block and the like, the included angle between the connecting rod and the second supporting column and the first pin shaft can be adjusted, so that the irradiation angle of the light supplementing lamp can be changed, the distance between the LED lamp and the plant can be adjusted through the arrangement of the telescopic rod, the use is convenient, and the growth lamp and the high-pressure sodium lamp are respectively positioned at two sides of the second supporting column, so that the comparison and analysis of the growth result condition of the tomato plant are facilitated, and the use is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural modernization, and particularly relates to a device for improving tomato quality and yield and a light supplementing method.
Background
Previous researches on the influence of light supplement on the growth of tomatoes have made a lot of researches, and the existing researches show that in winter with limited natural illumination, the light supplement at the top part obviously improves the effective photosynthetic radiation at the middle upper part of a tomato plant and effectively improves the yield of the tomatoes, and the researches of FasilTadesseTewolde et al show that the light supplement between LED plants can effectively improve the light environment at the middle lower part of the tomato plant, obviously promote the growth of the tomatoes and the yield and quality of fruits, but has no influence on the canopy layer, and in addition, researches show that the light receiving directions of blades are different and the light supplement effect is different, so that a bottom light supplement mode is generated, and researches of ChengyaoJiang et al find that the light supplement at the bottom part is compared with the light supplement between plants, the fresh weights of buds and roots are increased, the yield increase range is larger, an electro-optic sodium lamp and an LED lamp are the most widely applied artificial light sources at present, the high-pressure sodium lamp conversion efficiency is high, the cost is low, the temperature is not beneficial, utilize the LED light filling can not show the influence to big-arch shelter temperature production, and the high pressure sodium lamp has exothermic effect, can improve low temperature environment to a certain extent, LED has long service life, energy-concerving and environment-protective, a great deal of advantages such as spectrum is adjustable, the study is many to single light filling mode and single light filling light source study above, it is to the influence of winter big-arch shelter tomato growth to explore it through the combination of different light filling modes and multiple artificial light source now, the optimum light filling combination is researched out, the production that provides the theoretical foundation for the big-arch shelter tomato in stage.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides a light supplementing method for improving the quality and the yield of tomatoes, which has the characteristic of effectively improving the quality and the yield of the tomatoes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an improve light filling device of tomato quality and output, includes first support column, the equal fixedly connected with telescopic link in top both sides of first support column, two the other end of telescopic link all is provided with the LED lamp, the top fixedly connected with second support column of first support column, the top both sides of second support column all articulate through first round pin axle has a connecting rod, two the lower surface of connecting rod articulates through second round pin axle has first connecting block, the both sides of second support column all articulate through third round pin axle has the second connecting block, fixedly connected with electric putter between first connecting block and the second connecting block, one the one end that the second support column was kept away from to the connecting rod is provided with the growing lamp, another the one end that the second support column was kept away from to the connecting rod is provided with high-pressure sodium lamp.
Preferably, the bottom fixedly connected with supporting leg of first supporting column, the front of first supporting column is provided with the controller, one side of first supporting column is provided with the battery.
Preferably, the storage battery is electrically connected with the controller through a lead, and the controller is electrically connected with the LED lamp, the growth lamp and the high-pressure sodium lamp through leads respectively.
Preferably, the high-voltage sodium lamp and the growth lamp are located two meters away from the ground, the LED lamp is a strip lamp, and the LED lamp is located one meter away from the ground.
A light supplement method for improving tomato quality and yield comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the tomatoes are planted and survive, plant light supplement lamps are installed at the tops of the tomatoes for light supplement processing, and LED lamps are installed among the plants.
Step two: and (3) controlling the switching time of the growth lamp (11) and the high-pressure sodium lamp (14) in the step one respectively.
Preferably, the light supplement time is 6-8 am and 4-6 pm, and the plant light supplement lamp comprises a growth lamp and a high-pressure sodium lamp.
Preferably, the light supplement treatment is set as four combinations of a top plant growth lamp and an inter-plant LED lamp, a top plant growth lamp, a top high-pressure sodium lamp and an inter-plant LED lamp.
Preferably, each light supplement treatment is five lines, three varieties to be tested are planted in each line, a light supplement lamp is arranged on the 2 nd line and the 4 th line of each light supplement treatment, and no light supplement lamp is arranged on the 1 st line, the 3 rd line and the 5 th line of each light supplement treatment to serve as comparison.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the electric push rod, the first pin shaft, the second pin shaft, the third pin shaft and the like, when the electric push rod is extended or shortened, under the matching of the second pin shaft, the third pin shaft, the first connecting block, the second connecting block and the like, the included angle between the connecting rod and the second supporting column and the first pin shaft can be adjusted, so that the irradiation angle of the light supplementing lamp can be changed, the distance between the LED lamp and the plant can be adjusted through the arrangement of the telescopic rod, the use is convenient, and the growth lamp and the high-pressure sodium lamp are respectively positioned at two sides of the second supporting column, so that the comparison and analysis of the growth result condition of the tomato plant are facilitated, and the use is convenient.
2. The method does not use hormone treatment to improve the quality of the tomatoes and improve the quality and the yield of the tomatoes, has important significance on vegetable production and food safety, provides a reliable method for improving the quality of vegetables and fruits, and meanwhile, the technical method provided by the invention is mainly based on light supplement of the tomatoes in a greenhouse cultivation process.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a table of light treatments according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a spectrum of an artificial light source of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing temperature and relative humidity in the analysis of data according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. supporting legs; 2. a first support column; 3. a telescopic rod; 4. an LED lamp; 5. a second support column; 6. a third pin shaft; 7. an electric push rod; 8. a second pin shaft; 9. a connecting rod; 10. a first pin shaft; 11. a grow light; 12. a controller; 13. a storage battery; 14. a high pressure sodium lamp.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a light supplementing device for improving tomato quality and yield comprises a first support column 2, wherein telescopic rods 3 are fixedly connected to two sides of the top end of the first support column 2, the distance between an LED lamp 4 and a plant can be adjusted through the arrangement of the telescopic rods 3, the use is convenient, the LED lamp 4 is arranged at the other end of each of the two telescopic rods 3, a second support column 5 is fixedly connected to the top end of the first support column 2, connecting rods 9 are hinged to two sides of the top end of the second support column 5 through first pin shafts 10, a first connecting block is hinged to the lower surfaces of the two connecting rods 9 through second pin shafts 8, second connecting blocks are hinged to two sides of the second support column 2 through third pin shafts 6, an electric push rod 7 is fixedly connected between the first connecting block and the second connecting block, and through the arrangement of the electric push rod 7, the first pin shafts 10, the second pin shafts 8, the third pin shafts 6 and the like, when electric putter 7 extends or shortens, under the cooperation of second round pin axle 8, third round pin axle 6, first connecting block and second connecting block etc. can adjust connecting rod 9 and second support column 5 with the contained angle between the first round pin axle 10 to can change the angle of shining of light filling lamp, one the one end that second support column 5 was kept away from to connecting rod 9 is provided with growing lamp 11, another the one end that second support column 5 was kept away from to connecting rod 9 is provided with high-pressure sodium lamp 14.
Specifically, the bottom fixedly connected with supporting leg 1 of first support column 2, the front of first support column 2 is provided with controller 12, one side of first support column 2 is provided with battery 13, through the setting of controller 12, is convenient for to electric putter 7, grow lamp 11 and high-pressure sodium lamp 14 the control of waiting.
Specifically, the storage battery 13 is electrically connected with the controller 12 through a lead, and the controller 12 is electrically connected with the LED lamp 4, the growth lamp 11 and the high-pressure sodium lamp 14 through leads.
Specifically, the high-voltage sodium lamp 14 and the growth lamp are located two meters away from the ground, the LED lamp 4 is a strip lamp, and the LED lamp 4 is located one meter away from the ground.
A light supplement method for improving tomato quality and yield comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the tomatoes are planted and survive, plant light supplement lamps are installed at the tops of the tomatoes for light supplement treatment, and LED lamps 4 are installed among the plants.
Step two: and respectively controlling the switching time of the growth lamp 11 and the high-pressure sodium lamp 14 in the step one.
Specifically, the light supplement time is 6-8 am and 4-6 pm, and the plant light supplement lamp comprises a growth lamp 11 and a high-pressure sodium lamp 14.
Specifically, the light filling processing is set as four combinations of 4 LED lamps, 4 top vegetation lamps, 14 top high-pressure sodium lamps and 4 LED lamps between plants between the top vegetation lamps and the plants, and different light filling processing results and analysis are as follows:
1. influence on temperature and relative humidity under different light supplement treatments
The temperature is a key condition for plant growth and development, the temperature change of soil temperature at 10cm of a soil layer in a day is measured by using a temperature sensor in the tomato plant growth process, the monthly average ground temperature of T2 and T3 is higher than that of T1 and T4, the T3 is the highest, but no significant difference exists among the four treatments, the relative humidity of T3 and T4 is smaller than that of T1 and T2, the relative humidity of T4 is the smallest, no significant difference exists among the four treatments, the temperature of T3 and T4 is higher, the high-pressure sodium lamp 14 can generate higher heat radiation, the temperature is increased, the plant has a certain warming effect, the water vapor evaporation is accelerated, and the relative humidity is reduced.
2. Influence on plant height under different light supplement treatment
In the vegetative growth stage of the plant, plant photomorphogenesis is obviously affected by light, so the plant height is measured in the vegetative growth stage of the plant, research results show that the plant height under the treatment of T1 has the maximum value, and as time goes on, T1 is compared with T2, T4 is compared with T3, the plant height of the former is respectively higher than that of the latter, but the difference becomes insignificant with time, compared with T2 and T3 treated by a single light source, T2 is greater than T3 in all three varieties, the difference between the former variety and the latter variety is insignificant, and the difference between the former variety and the latter variety is significant.
3. Influence of different light supplement treatments on tomato stem thickness
Among the three varieties, tomato stem thickness under T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatment was significantly increased compared to CK, and in daily measurements, for one of the varieties, T1 > T4 > T2 > T3, mixed light sources T1, T4 showed significant differences over time compared to the corresponding single light sources T2, T3, T1 > T2, T4 > T3, no significant differences were observed in daily measurements, and then significant differences appeared.
4. Influence of different light supplement treatments on tomato fruit setting number
The results show that the number of the tomatoes subjected to the four light supplementing treatments is remarkably increased compared with that subjected to the control treatment, and the number of the tomatoes subjected to the mixed light source treatment is remarkably increased compared with that subjected to the single light source treatment. In K20, the number of tomato fruits is the largest under T4 treatment, and the number of tomato fruits is the smallest under T2 treatment, which comprises the following steps: t4 > T1 > T3 > T2 > CK which is respectively improved by 60.08%, 58.19%, 48.78% and 31.83% compared with a control, wherein the difference between T1 and T2 reaches a significant level, and the difference between T3 and T4 is not significant; the number of tomato fruits processed by T1 in the SH20 variety is the largest, and the number of T3 is the smallest, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: t1 > T4 > T2 > T3 > CK, which are respectively improved by 58.49%, 37.74%, 20.75% and 16.98% compared with a control, wherein T1 is obviously larger than T4, and the amplification is 15.06%. The flour 16 has the same trend as SH 20.
2.6 influence of different fill-in light treatments on the number of flowers sitting on
Research results show that the number of flowers set by the tomatoes subjected to light supplement treatment is obviously higher than CK, the number of flowers set by the tomatoes can be effectively increased, and the number of flowers set by the tomatoes subjected to T3 treatment is the least in the three varieties.
Specifically, each light supplement treatment is five lines, three varieties to be tested are planted in each line, a light supplement lamp is arranged on the 2 nd line and the 4 th line of each light supplement treatment, and no light supplement lamp is arranged on the 1 st line, the 3 th line and the 5 th line of each light supplement treatment to serve as comparison.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: when the device is used, the device is placed between plants, the controller 12 controls the light supplement lamp to work according to requirements, the LED lamp 4 is located between tomato plants, the growth lamp 11 and the high-pressure sodium lamp 14 respectively irradiate the top ends of different tomato plants, the controller 12 can control the electric push rod 7 to extend or shorten, so that the irradiation angle of the light supplement lamp can be controlled, the device is convenient to use, the controller 12 controls the light supplement time, the morning light supplement time is 6-8 o 'clock, the afternoon light supplement time is 4-6 o' clock, the controller 12 controls the light supplement lamp and the LED lamp 4 to work according to four combinations in light supplement treatment, and the following determination needs to be completed during the period: 1. measuring the temperature and relative humidity of a plurality of greenhouses; 2. measuring the SPAD value of the inverted trefoil plants by a chlorophyll meter; 3. measuring the shape index, namely measuring the plant height of the plant by using a measuring tape in the growing period from the root base to a growing point, and measuring the stem thickness at one centimeter position of the stem base of the plant by using a vernier caliper; 3. the number of blossoms was recorded during the flowering period and the number of fruit set was recorded after fruit set.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an improve light filling device of tomato quality and output, includes first support column (2), its characterized in that: both sides of the top end of the first supporting column (2) are fixedly connected with telescopic rods (3), the other ends of the two telescopic rods (3) are respectively provided with an LED lamp (4), the top end of the first supporting column (2) is fixedly connected with a second supporting column (5), two sides of the top end of the second supporting column (5) are respectively articulated with a connecting rod (9) through a first pin shaft (10), the lower surfaces of the two connecting rods (9) are articulated with a first connecting block through a second pin shaft (8), the both sides of second support column (2) all articulate through third round pin axle (6) has the second connecting block, fixedly connected with electric putter (7), one between first connecting block and the second connecting block the one end that second support column (5) were kept away from in connecting rod (9) is provided with growing lamp (11), another the one end that second support column (5) were kept away from in connecting rod (9) is provided with high-pressure sodium lamp (14).
2. The light supplement device for improving the quality and yield of tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom fixedly connected with supporting leg (1) of first supporting column (2), the front of first supporting column (2) is provided with controller (12), one side of first supporting column (2) is provided with battery (13).
3. The light supplement device for improving the quality and yield of tomatoes as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the storage battery (13) is electrically connected with the controller (12) through a lead, and the controller (12) is electrically connected with the LED lamp (4), the grow lamp (11) and the high-voltage sodium lamp (14) through leads respectively.
4. The light supplement device for improving the quality and yield of tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage sodium lamp (14) and the growth lamp are located two meters away from the ground, the LED lamp (4) is a strip lamp, and the LED lamp (4) is located one meter away from the ground.
5. A light supplement method for improving tomato quality and yield comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the tomatoes are planted and survived, a plant light supplement lamp is arranged at the top of the tomatoes for light supplement treatment, LED lamps (4) are arranged among the plants,
step two: and (3) controlling the switching time of the growth lamp (11) and the high-pressure sodium lamp (14) in the step one respectively.
6. A light supplement method for improving tomato quality and yield as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the light supplement time is 6-8 am and 4-6 pm, and the plant light supplement lamp comprises a growth lamp (11) and a high-pressure sodium lamp (14).
7. A light supplement method for improving tomato quality and yield as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the light supplement treatment is set to four combinations of a top plant growth lamp and an inter-plant LED lamp (4), a top plant growth lamp, a top high-pressure sodium lamp (14) and an inter-plant LED lamp (4).
8. A light supplement method for improving tomato quality and yield as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and each light supplement treatment is respectively five lines, three varieties to be tested are planted in each line, light supplement lamps are arranged in the lines 2 and 4 of each light supplement treatment, and no light supplement lamp is arranged in the lines 1, 3 and 5 to serve as comparison.
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| CN202010232919.9A CN111264216A (en) | 2020-03-28 | 2020-03-28 | Device for improving tomato quality and yield and light supplementing method |
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| CN202010232919.9A CN111264216A (en) | 2020-03-28 | 2020-03-28 | Device for improving tomato quality and yield and light supplementing method |
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| CN112617537A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南三易精工科技有限公司 | Internal display device for electronic digital product and use method thereof |
| CN116171756A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-05-30 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Application and method for increasing yield and improving quality of crops by heating with far infrared rays |
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