CN111255010A - Urban rainwater runoff groundwater recharge system based on compound LID facility - Google Patents
Urban rainwater runoff groundwater recharge system based on compound LID facility Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides an urban rainwater runoff groundwater recharge system based on compound LID facility belongs to rainwater resource high-efficient utilization and groundwater recharge field, and roofing and impervious ground are respectively through pipe in the water and rainwater pipe intercommunication rainwater trash device, and the rainwater trash device passes through the collector pipe and is connected with sewage treatment plant, and the ground that permeates water passes through the LID facility, the collector pipe is connected with sewage treatment plant, and sewage treatment plant passes through raceway I and raceway II and connects the first layer and the second floor of layering cistern respectively, and wherein, the second floor passes through wet return intercommunication recharge well, recharge well is respectively through the third layer intercommunication of overflow pipe and recharge pipe and layering cistern, and wherein, install at the recharge pipe of third layer and turn over the board. The rainwater purification and back-filling system is simple in structure, can automatically meet the requirement of realizing the function of purifying more rainwater and then back-filling the purified rainwater into the underground with less energy consumption under various rainfall conditions, is low in construction cost and strong in applicability, and can bring considerable environmental benefits and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rainwater resource efficient utilization and groundwater recharge, and mainly relates to an urban rainwater runoff and groundwater recharge system based on a composite LID facility.
Background
Under the global climate change large environment, in recent years, the extreme weather frequently occurs in China, the contradiction of water resources with uneven distribution in north and south is more prominent, the ground subsidence is caused by excessive exploitation of underground water in regions with surface water shortage, the underground water resource failure in local regions is caused and the pollution risk is increased, and the seawater invasion is caused in coastal regions, so that the soil salinization is increased. In addition, part of urban groundwater is because of unable in time supply and continuous water level decline appears, seriously influences the ecological water consumption of vegetation to still can bring the environmental geology problem of certain degree.
Urban rainfall flood management and the resulting regional ecological problems have become one of the bottlenecks that plague and restrict people's life, production and economic sustainability, and in the process of dealing with this problem, the concept of "sponge city" has come into force. The "sponge city" means a city which has good "elasticity" in terms of adaptation to environmental changes, coping with natural disasters, etc. like a sponge, and can absorb, retain, store, purify rainwater when the rainwater falls, and release and utilize the stored water when necessary. However, the planning and construction ideas of sponge city construction cannot be generalized, and a city is needed. Coastal areas have the characteristics of high underground water level, high soil salt content, high water impermeability, low aeration zone permeability, high salt content of shallow underground water, non-resource utilization and the like, and the characteristics determine that the traditional guideline 'seepage, stagnation, storage, purification, use and discharge' for sponge city construction fails. In the past, aiming at the concept of managing and utilizing urban rainfall flood resources, the sponge city advocates that the mode of using conventional LID (Low Impact Development) facilities to make rainwater infiltrate in situ is not suitable for coastal areas any more. Firstly, the groundwater level in coastal areas is high, and high salt runoff pollutants brought by initial rainwater are easy to pollute the groundwater, so that great care needs to be taken when natural sponges are selected; along with the raising of the underground water level, the capillary rise height of the soil water is increased, and the phenomenon that the root system is flooded, even wetlands and swamps can occur after the ecological water demand of the vegetation root system is exceeded; the salinity of underground water in the coastal areas is high, the evaporation effect is enhanced after the underground water level is lifted, and salt in the water is separated out and crystallized on the earth surface in the evaporation process, so that secondary land salinization is caused. In addition, coastal areas are often more developed in economy, the proportion of impervious surfaces is higher, pollutants such as automobile exhaust, factory exhaust, haze and the like are carried by rainwater and then seep down in the sponge more obviously, so that the sponge is blocked, and then microorganisms, organic matters and pollutants are continuously enriched in the water existence process to influence the water quality condition. Therefore, rainwater resources have certain technical problems in the process of recycling, particularly replenishing underground water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and designs a city rainwater runoff and underground water recharging system based on a composite LID facility.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the roof (22) and the impervious ground (16) are respectively communicated with a rainwater trash device (15) through a downpipe (13) and a rainwater pipe (14), the rainwater trash device (15) can intercept dry branches, fallen leaves, large-particle silt and the like, and the rainwater trash device (15) is connected with the sewage treatment device (1) through a water collecting pipe (19); permeate water ground (17) and pass through LID facility (18), collector pipe (19) and be connected with sewage treatment plant (1), install water quality testing device in sewage treatment plant (1), sewage treatment plant (1) is through raceway I (2) and raceway II (3) first layer and the second floor of connecting layering cistern (4) respectively, return pipe (7) intercommunication recharge well (9) are passed through on the second floor of layering cistern (4), recharge well (9) are respectively through overflow pipe (5) and recharge pipe (6) and the third layer intercommunication of layering cistern (4), and repayment pipe (6) at layering cistern (4) third layer installs and turns over board (12), turn board (12) can wind certain angle of fixed axle unidirectional rotation. The water level monitoring device I (8) is installed on the recharging well (9), the observation well (10) is arranged at a position r away from the recharging well (9), and the water level monitoring device II (11) is installed in the observation well (10) and can measure the real-time water level H(r)The water level information is transmitted to an upper computer (21) and can be calculated by the following formulaDisplaying the recharging capacity Q of the recharging well (9) on a display (20) connected to the upper computer (21)w：
If the recharge well (9) is a diving well, then
If the recharging well (9) is a pressure bearing well, then
Wherein k is the permeability coefficient, B is the thickness of the bearing water-containing layer, H(r)Is the water level at the r position away from the recharging well (9) within the recharging influence range. H(R)Is the stable water level in the aquifer before recharging; r is the radius of influence, RwIs the radius of the recharging well (9) and r is the distance from the calculated point to the recharging well (9).
A city rainwater runoff groundwater recharge system based on a composite LID facility is designed by the following method: design capacity EI of layered reservoir (4)General assembly＝Qr+Qg1+Qg2-QwSystem cost TCGeneral assembly＝CLayering+CElectromechanical+CRecharge wellWherein Q isrFor roof (22) rainwater confluence flow, Qg1For rainwater confluence flow for impervious ground (16), Qg2For the rainwater confluence flow of the permeable ground (17), CLayeringThe cost of the layered reservoir (4) is a function of the volume of the layered reservoir (4); cElectromechanicalThe total electromechanical cost of the system; cRecharge wellIs the total cost of the recharge well (9) as a function of the depth and radius of the recharge well (9); EI is taken into account during designGeneral assemblyAnd TCGeneral assemblyThe optimal solution of the volume of the layered impounding reservoir (4) and the depth and the radius of the recharge well (9) can be obtained. Roof (22) rainwater confluence flow Qr＝Pr*ArIn the formula, PrFor the roof (22) to be deep in clear rain, ArThe area of the roof (22) is converged; rainwater confluence flow on impervious ground (16)
In the formula, W isWidth of sub-basin, Pg1The clear rain depth of the impervious ground (16), n is the roughness, and S is the gradient of the sub-basin; rainwater confluence flow of permeable ground (17)
Wherein W is the width of the sub-basin, Pg2The clear rain depth of the permeable ground (17), n is the roughness and S is the gradient of the sub-basin.
The invention can purify rainwater on the roof (22), the impermeable ground (16) and the permeable ground (17) and then replenish underground water through the matching of the layered reservoir (4) and the recharge well (9), the layered reservoir (4) can allocate water quantity in the layered reservoir and the recharge well (9), and the purification of more rainwater and the refilling of the rainwater into the underground can be automatically realized under various rainfall conditions with less energy consumption. The whole system is low in construction cost and high in applicability, and can bring considerable environmental benefits and economic benefits. Taking Tianjin city as an example, the rainwater is recharged into the confined aquifer through the recharging well (9), and the catchment area per square meter can be about 0.4m3The water is effectively infiltrated, and the underground water supply amount is increased by 819.4 multiplied by 10 about a year4m3The method can effectively relieve the continuous decline of the underground water landing funnel, improve the rainwater resource utilization efficiency, and if the replenished underground water resource is used as the water for residents, the direct financial income can be brought by about 3 million yuan according to the calculation of 3.9 yuan per cubic meter
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an urban rainwater runoff groundwater recharging system based on a composite LID facility;
FIG. 2 is a partial isometric view of the flap;
description of part numbers in the figures:
1. a sewage treatment device; 2. a water conveying pipe I; 3. a water delivery pipe II; 4. layering water reservoirs; 5. an overflow pipe; 6. a back-supplementing pipe; 7. a water return pipe; 8. a water level monitoring device I; 9. recharging the well; 10. an observation well; 11. a water level monitoring device II; 12. turning over a plate; 13. a downpipe; 14. a rain pipe; 15. a rainwater trash device; 16. a water impervious floor; 17. a permeable ground; 18. LID facilities; 19. a water collection pipe; 20. a display; 21. an upper computer; 22. and (4) a roof.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. A roof (22) and an impervious ground (16) are respectively communicated with a rainwater trash-blocking device (15) through a downpipe (13) and a rainwater pipe (14), the rainwater trash-blocking device (15) can block dead branches, fallen leaves, large-particle silt and the like, and the rainwater trash-blocking device (15) is connected with a sewage treatment device (1) through a water collecting pipe (19); permeate water ground (17) and pass through LID facility (18), collector pipe (19) and be connected with sewage treatment plant (1), install water quality testing device in sewage treatment plant (1), sewage treatment plant (1) is through raceway I (2) and raceway II (3) first layer and the second floor of connecting layering cistern (4) respectively, return pipe (7) intercommunication recharge well (9) are passed through on the second floor of layering cistern (4), recharge well (9) are respectively through overflow pipe (5) and recharge pipe (6) and the third layer intercommunication of layering cistern (4), and repayment pipe (6) at layering cistern (4) third layer installs and turns over board (12), turn board (12) can wind certain angle of fixed axle unidirectional rotation. The water level monitoring device I (8) is installed on the recharging well (9), the observation well (10) is arranged at a position r away from the recharging well (9), and the water level monitoring device II (11) is installed in the observation well (10) and can measure the real-time water level H(r)The water level information is transmitted to an upper computer (21), and the water level information can be displayed on a display (20) connected with the upper computer (21) after being calculated by the following formula to serve as the recharging capacity Q of the recharging well (9)w：
If the recharge well (9) is a diving well, then
If the recharging well (9) is a pressure bearing well, then
Wherein k is the permeability coefficient, B is the thickness of the bearing water-containing layer, H(r)Is the water level at the r position away from the recharging well (9) within the recharging influence range. H(R)Is the stable water level in the aquifer before recharging; r isRadius of influence, rwIs the radius of the recharging well (9) and r is the distance from the calculated point to the recharging well (9).
A city rainwater runoff groundwater recharge system based on a composite LID facility is designed by the following method: design capacity EI of layered reservoir (4)General assembly＝Qr+Qg1+Qg2-QwSystem cost TCGeneral assembly＝CLayering+CElectromechanical+CRecharge wellWherein Q isrFor roof (22) rainwater confluence flow, Qg1For rainwater confluence flow for impervious ground (16), Qg2For the rainwater confluence flow of the permeable ground (17), CLayeringThe cost of the layered reservoir (4) is a function of the volume of the layered reservoir (4); cElectromechanicalThe total electromechanical cost of the system; cRecharge wellIs the total cost of the recharge well (9) as a function of the depth and radius of the recharge well (9); EI is taken into account during designGeneral assemblyAnd TCGeneral assemblyThe optimal solution of the volume of the layered impounding reservoir (4) and the depth and the radius of the recharge well (9) can be obtained. Roof (22) rainwater confluence flow Qr＝Pr*ArIn the formula, PrFor the roof (22) to be deep in clear rain, ArThe area of the roof (22) is converged; rainwater confluence flow on impervious ground (16)
Wherein W is the width of the sub-basin, Pg1The clear rain depth of the impervious ground (16), n is the roughness, and S is the gradient of the sub-basin; rainwater confluence flow of permeable ground (17)
Wherein W is the width of the sub-basin, Pg2The clear rain depth of the permeable ground (17), n is the roughness and S is the gradient of the sub-basin.
When the urban rainwater runoff and groundwater recharge system based on the composite LID facility is used in operation, a water level monitoring device I (8) and a water level monitoring device II (11) start to work to respectively measure the water levels of a recharge well (9) and an observation well (10), and the water levels are calculated by the following formula and then are displayed on a display (20) connected with an upper computer (21) to serve as the recharge well (9) at the moment in real timeCapability Qw：
If the recharge well (9) is a diving well, then
If the recharging well (9) is a pressure bearing well, then
Wherein k is the permeability coefficient, B is the thickness of the bearing water-containing layer, H(r)Is the water level at the r position away from the recharging well (9) within the recharging influence range. H(R)Is the stable water level in the aquifer before recharging; r is the radius of influence, RwIs the radius of the recharging well (9) and r is the distance from the calculated point to the recharging well (9).
When precipitation occurs, rainwater falling on a roof (22) and an impermeable ground (16) is collected into the rainwater trash device (15) through the downpipe (13) and the rainwater pipe (14), the rainwater trash device (15) filters dead branches and fallen leaves and large-particle silt, and the rainwater subjected to primary filtering enters the sewage treatment device (1) through the water collecting pipe (19). Rainwater falling on the permeable ground (17) passes through the LID facility (18) and the water collecting pipe (19) and finally enters the sewage treatment device (1). Rainwater is purified in a centralized manner in the sewage treatment device (1), and the rainwater qualified in water quality detection enters the second layer of the layered reservoir (4) through the water delivery pipe II (3) and then flows into the recharge well (9) through the water return pipe (7); rainwater unqualified in water quality detection continues to be purified, the rainwater which continues to flow into the sewage treatment device (1) enters a first layer of the layered reservoir (4) for temporary storage through the water delivery pipe I (2), when the sewage treatment device (1) can treat redundant rainwater, the rainwater temporarily stored in the first layer of the layered reservoir (4) is pumped back into the sewage treatment device (1), enters a second layer of the layered reservoir (4) through the water delivery pipe II (3) after being treated to be qualified, and then flows into the recharge well (9) through the water return pipe (7); when the flow rate of rainwater entering the recharge well (9) is larger than the flow rate of rainwater permeating into the underground, the water level of the recharge well (9) rises relatively, when the height of the recharge pipe (6) is exceeded, the turning plate (12) is supported by the layered reservoir (4) structure and cannot turn over towards the inner side of the layered reservoir (4), at the moment, rainwater in the recharge well (9) cannot enter the layered reservoir (4), when the water level exceeds the height of the overflow pipe (5), rainwater in the recharge well (9) enters the third layer of the layered reservoir (4) through the overflow pipe (5) for temporary storage, along with the continuous seepage of rainwater into the underground in the recharge well (9), the water level in the recharge well (9) drops, when the water level drops below the height of the overflow pipe (5), the water level difference between the third layer of the layered reservoir (4) and the recharge well (9) exists, and the hydrostatic pressure balance on the two sides of the turning plate (12) is broken at the moment, turning over board (12) can take place to rotate under one side hydrostatic pressure effect and open, at this moment, the rainwater in layering cistern (4) third layer can get into recharge well (9) through turning over board (12) and recharge pipe (6), until the water level in recharge well (9) is the same with the water phase of layering cistern (4) third layer, turn over board (12) both sides hydrostatic pressure balanced once more, turn over board (12) and receive the action of gravity rotation to close, rainwater continues to infiltrate and replenishes groundwater in recharge well (9), so relapse until in layering cistern (4) third layer rainwater all supply recharge well (9) in.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a city rainfall runoff groundwater anaplerosis system based on compound LID facility which characterized in that: the roof (22) and the impervious ground (16) are respectively communicated with a rainwater trash holding device (15) through a downpipe (13) and a rainwater pipe (14), and the rainwater trash holding device (15) is connected with the sewage treatment device (1) through a water collecting pipe (19); permeate water ground (17) and be connected with sewage treatment plant (1) through LID facility (18), collector pipe (19), water quality testing device is installed in sewage treatment plant (1), and sewage treatment plant (1) is through raceway I (2) and raceway II (3) first layer and the second floor of connecting layering cistern (4) respectively, return water pipe (7) intercommunication recharge well (9) are passed through on the second floor of layering cistern (4), recharge well (9) are respectively through overflow pipe (5) and recharge pipe (6) and the third layer intercommunication of layering cistern (4), water level monitoring device I (8) are installed in recharge well (9).
2. The urban rainwater runoff and groundwater recharge system based on the compound LID facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an observation well (10) is arranged at a distance r from the recharge well (9), and a water level monitoring device II (11) is arranged in the observation well (10) and can measure real-time waterBit H(r)The water level information is transmitted to an upper computer (21), and the water level information can be displayed on a display (20) connected with the upper computer (21) after being calculated by the following formula to serve as the recharging capacity Q of the recharging well (9)w：
If the recharge well (9) is a diving well, then
If the recharging well (9) is a pressure bearing well, then
Wherein k is the permeability coefficient, B is the thickness of the bearing water-containing layer, H(r)Is the water level at the r position away from the recharging well (9) within the recharging influence range. H(R)Is the stable water level in the aquifer before recharging; r is the radius of influence, RwIs the radius of the recharging well (9) and r is the distance from the calculated point to the recharging well (9).
3. The urban rainwater runoff and groundwater recharge system based on the compound LID facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a turning plate (12) is arranged on a back-supplementing pipe (6) on the third layer of the layered reservoir (4), and the turning plate (12) can rotate around a fixed shaft in a one-way mode for a certain angle.
4. The system for urban rainwater runoff and groundwater recharge based on a composite LID facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for designing the system for urban rainwater runoff and groundwater recharge based on a composite LID facility is as follows: design capacity EI of layered reservoir (4)General assembly＝Qr+Qg1+Qg2-QwSystem cost TCGeneral assembly＝CLayering+CElectromechanical+CRecharge wellWherein Q isrFor roof (22) rainwater confluence flow, Qg1For rainwater confluence flow for impervious ground (16), Qg2For the rainwater confluence flow of the permeable ground (17), CLayeringThe cost of the layered reservoir (4) is a function of the volume of the layered reservoir (4); cElectromechanicalThe total electromechanical cost of the system; cRecharge wellIs the total cost of the recharge well (9) as a function of the depth and radius of the recharge well (9); EI is taken into account during designGeneral assemblyAnd TCGeneral assemblyThe optimal solution of the volume of the layered impounding reservoir (4) and the depth and the radius of the recharge well (9) can be obtained.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the roof (22) rainwater confluence flow Q is set as a source of rainwater flow for urban water reclamation based on composite LID facilitiesr＝Pr*ArIn the formula, PrFor the roof (22) to be deep in clear rain, ArThe area of the roof (22) is converged; rainwater confluence flow on impervious ground (16)
Wherein W is the width of the sub-basin, Pg1The clear rain depth of the impervious ground (16), n is the roughness, and S is the gradient of the sub-basin; rainwater confluence flow of permeable ground (17)
Wherein W is the width of the sub-basin, Pg2The clear rain depth of the permeable ground (17), n is the roughness and S is the gradient of the sub-basin.
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