CN113187160A - Double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed aiming at local climate differentiation - Google Patents
Double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed aiming at local climate differentiation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113187160A CN113187160A CN202110471154.9A CN202110471154A CN113187160A CN 113187160 A CN113187160 A CN 113187160A CN 202110471154 A CN202110471154 A CN 202110471154A CN 113187160 A CN113187160 A CN 113187160A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/033—Flat containers for turf, lawn or the like, e.g. for covering roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/002—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings consisting of two or more layers, at least one of the layers permitting turfing of the roof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a two substrate layer green roof structure to local climate differentiation design, includes vegetable layer, two substrate layers, hinders root layer and waterproof layer, two substrate layers comprise upper and lower two parts, and its upper portion is planting layer, lower part for the modified soil of biological charcoal, the vegetable layer is planted on the upper portion of planting the layer, hinder the root layer setting in the modified soil's of biological charcoal lower part, the waterproof layer setting is hindering root layer lower part, and the waterproof layer lower part is laminated with naked roof mutually. In the area with rare rainfall, the double-matrix layer adopts the structural form that the thin planting layer is thickened with the biochar modified soil; in the areas with surplus rainfall, the double-matrix layer adopts a structural form of a thick planting layer and thin biochar modified soil. The invention adopts double substrate layers to cultivate plants and accumulate rainwater, and flexibly achieves the function of green roof infiltration and accumulation regulation with low cost by adjusting the thickness distribution of the upper and lower substrate layers; the charcoal modified soil has strong water storage capacity, reduces the loss of soil nutrients, and is more environment-friendly and higher in durability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building engineering, in particular to a double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed aiming at local climate differentiation.
Background
The current continuous acceleration of urbanization process also means that the natural soil is less and less, and the impervious surface of city increases and causes the increase of urban internal diameter flow peak value, drainage pipe buffer time is short, and rainwater infiltration underground is more difficult etc. brings a series of problems such as urban waterlogging, water waste. In addition, the impervious surface replaces natural land, so that the urban 'heat island effect' is obviously enhanced, the risk of urban flood disasters is increased, and the urban livability is reduced. And the roof occupies a large proportion in the urban impervious surface, so that the roof runoff control is of great significance. At present, the green roof is generally considered to have the function of relieving negative effects such as urban waterlogging, heat island effect and the like in urban areas with the shortage of land resources and high difficulty in ecological environment recovery. The green roof makes full use of the impervious surface of the urban area and has the capability of intercepting and purifying rainwater.
The main component of the matrix of the traditional green roof structure is garden soil, which has high permeation rate, large bulk density, weak water storage capacity, easy nutrient loss, frequent watering, long-term additional fertilization after being put into use and higher operating cost. The thickness of the medium is relatively rigid, the climate difference and the rainfall characteristics of different areas cannot be considered, the thinner medium is mostly composed of a layer of soil, and although the medium has certain rainwater infiltration and storage capacity, the medium cannot flexibly accumulate rainwater and reduce runoff, cannot achieve good water storage effect, and cannot have the capacity of relieving urban waterlogging; thicker substrates meet the water retention requirements, but studies have shown that substrate runoff pollutants increase with increasing substrate thickness and increase roof loads. The common solution is to add a layer of water drainage and storage plate and other water storage structures under the soil layer, however, the defects of corrosion, aging, difficult maintenance and the like of the water drainage and storage plate exist.
CN105993569A discloses a double-substrate layer extended green roof structure with a nutrient substrate as an upper layer and an adsorption substrate as a lower layer, wherein the substrate improves the pollution adsorption capacity of the substrate and does not improve the water storage capacity of the green roof. The existing first-type green roof structure water storage and drainage adopts a commercial integrated formed water storage and drainage plate, and the reasonable distribution of water storage and drainage cannot be carried out; the water storage and drainage plate can not filter chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen and phosphorus in a planting soil layer, and chemical pollution is generated in the municipal pipeline or the natural flow. The growth substrate of the second type of green roof structure is prepared by adding modified materials such as fly ash and peat soil into garden soil and mixing the modified materials to achieve the purpose of improving the physical properties of the soil, and the growth substrate has certain water seepage and water retention capacity, but the outflow pollutants are increased, so that the water flowing out of the soil can be seriously polluted compared with the water quality of common garden soil. The third kind of green roof structure is some green roofs with double-substrate layers, the two-layer substrates of the roof are composed of nutrient substrates and adsorption substrates, and the emphasis is on adsorbing pollutants, but not on storing and draining water, and reducing runoff; the two-layer substrate laying of such green roof structures does not have a specific thickness distribution basis, and the two-layer substrate thickness distribution is not clear and flexible enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed according to local climate differentiation aiming at the defects of the green roof structure in regions with different climate differences and rainfall characteristics.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a two substrate layer green roof structure to local climate differentiation design, includes vegetable layer, two substrate layers, hinders root layer and waterproof layer, two substrate layers comprise upper and lower two parts, and its upper portion is planting layer, lower part for the modified soil of biological charcoal, the vegetable layer is planted on the upper portion of planting the layer, hinder the root layer setting in the modified soil's of biological charcoal lower part, the waterproof layer setting is hindering root layer lower part, and the waterproof layer lower part is laminated with naked roof mutually.
According to the scheme, in the area with rare rainfall, the double-matrix layer adopts the structural form that a thin planting layer is thickened with biochar modified soil (water storage layer); in the areas with surplus rainfall, the double-matrix layer adopts a structural form of a thick planting layer and thin biochar modified soil.
According to the scheme, the ratio of the thickness of the biochar modified soil to the thickness of the double-matrix layer is selected from 0.3-0.7 according to the climate difference and rainfall characteristics of different regions.
According to the scheme, the planting layer adopts a commercial green roof growth substrate, namely common planting soil.
According to the scheme, the vegetation layer adopts sedum lineare which is a perennial herb of Crassulaceae.
According to the scheme, the root-resisting layer is made of polyurethane sheets.
According to the scheme, the waterproof layer is made of high polymer modified asphalt waterproof coiled material, and the thickness of the waterproof coiled material is 2-4 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. combining the climate difference and rainfall characteristics of different areas, adopting two layers of soil with double substrate layers to cultivate plants and accumulate rainwater, and adopting different soil layer thickness distribution in different areas: for the area with rare rainfall, the water consumption for meeting the growth requirement of vegetation is taken as the main design purpose; for areas with surplus rainfall, the runoff time is delayed, and the municipal pipeline pressure is reduced; based on the characteristics, the structural form of the thin planting layer and the thick modified soil aquifer and the structural form of the thick planting layer and the thin modified soil aquifer are respectively adopted; aiming at the climatic characteristics of different regions, the green roof infiltration and storage regulation function is flexibly achieved at low cost by adjusting the thickness distribution of the upper and lower layers of substrate layers;
2. the double-matrix layer has respective characteristics, wherein the upper planting soil has good permeability and is beneficial to plant growth; the lower layer adopts biochar to modify soil, and currently, biochar modified soil is not used as a green roof substrate for storing water or filtering pollutants; according to the invention, the biochar is doped into the planting soil to obtain the biochar modified soil, the biochar modified soil has higher water retention performance, the biochar modified soil has lower permeability and light weight, can effectively filter nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, has fertilizer retention performance, reduces the loss of soil nutrients, and has stronger water storage capacity, more environmental protection and higher durability compared with other green roofs;
3. the biochar modified soil is used on a green roof, the substrate is used as a water storage layer and a filter layer of the green roof, and a commercial integrated forming water storage and drainage plate is replaced, so that the structural form of the green roof is improved, the effect of storing and collecting more rainwater is achieved, and pollution and roof load increase caused by the water storage and drainage plate are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a geological profile adapted for use in a karst area having connected passageways according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a vegetation layer, 2 is common planting soil, 3 is biochar modified soil, 4 is a root-resistant layer, 5 is a waterproof layer, and 6 is a roof.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a vegetable layer, a double-substrate layer, a root-blocking layer and a waterproof layer, the double-substrate layer includes an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a planting layer, the lower part is biochar modified soil 3, the vegetable layer 1 is planted on the upper part of the planting layer, the root-blocking layer 4 is arranged on the lower part of the biochar modified soil 3, the waterproof layer 5 is arranged on the lower part of the root-blocking layer 4, and the waterproof layer 5 is attached to an exposed roof 6.
In the area with rare rainfall, the double-substrate layer adopts the structural form that the thin planting layer is thickened with the biochar modified soil (water storage layer), so that the main design purpose of water required by vegetation growth can be met, the redundant rainwater after rainfall is stored in the modified soil water storage layer after passing through the planting layer, and the outflow is reduced; during dry seasons, the stored water can be evaporated from the lower modified soil aquifer to the vegetation layer 1 for the growth of plants.
In the area with surplus rainfall, the double-substrate layer adopts the structural form of adding the thin biochar modified soil to the thick planting layer, so that the runoff delay time can be met, the main design purpose of reducing the pressure of municipal pipelines can be met, the plant growth requirement is met through the water storage of the planting layer, and meanwhile, the generation time of the bottom runoff is delayed by utilizing the modified soil layer with lower permeability, and the runoff is controlled.
The proportion of the thickness of the biochar modified soil to the thickness of the double-matrix layer is selected from 0.3-0.7 according to the climate difference and rainfall characteristics of different regions.
The planting layer adopts a commercial green roof growth substrate, namely common planting soil 2.
The vegetation layer 1 is made of sedum lineare which is a perennial herb of Crassulaceae, is a green grass with good drought resistance and extremely light load.
The root-resistant layer 4 adopts a polyurethane sheet, the waterproof layer 5 adopts a high polymer modified asphalt waterproof coiled material, and the thickness is 3 mm.
Particularly, the green roof double-substrate layer formed by the common planting soil 2 and the biochar modified soil 3 combines the climate difference and rainfall characteristics of different regions, and adopts a structural form of carrying out proportional layered thickness distribution on the basis of the designed rainfall corresponding to the annual runoff total amount control rate of different cities, so that the green roof seepage and storage regulation function can be flexibly achieved according to the climate difference of different regions.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a two substrate layer green roof structure to local climate differentiation design, includes vegetable layer, two substrate layers, hinders root layer and waterproof layer, two substrate layers comprise upper and lower two parts, and its upper portion is planting layer, lower part for the modified soil of biological charcoal, the vegetable layer is planted on the upper portion of planting the layer, hinder the root layer setting in the modified soil's of biological charcoal lower part, the waterproof layer setting is hindering root layer lower part, and the waterproof layer lower part is laminated with naked roof mutually.
2. The dual substrate layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the area with rare rainfall, the double-matrix layer adopts the structural form that the thin planting layer is thickened with the biochar modified soil; in the areas with surplus rainfall, the double-matrix layer adopts a structural form of a thick planting layer and thin biochar modified soil.
3. The dual substrate layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the proportion of the thickness of the biochar modified soil to the thickness of the double-matrix layer is selected from 0.3-0.7 according to the climate difference and rainfall characteristics of different regions.
4. The dual substrate layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planting layer adopts a commercial green roof growth substrate, namely common planting soil.
5. The dual substrate layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vegetable layer is made of sedum lineare which is a perennial herb of Crassulaceae.
6. The dual substrate layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the root-resisting layer is made of polyurethane sheets.
7. The dual substrate layer green roof structure designed for regional climate differentiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waterproof layer is made of high polymer modified asphalt waterproof coiled materials, and the thickness of the waterproof coiled materials is 2-4 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110471154.9A CN113187160A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed aiming at local climate differentiation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110471154.9A CN113187160A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed aiming at local climate differentiation |
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| CN113187160A true CN113187160A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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| CN202110471154.9A Pending CN113187160A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Double-substrate-layer green roof structure designed aiming at local climate differentiation |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114223528A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 武汉安莱沃科技有限公司 | Soilless seedling raising blanket for roof greening and preparation method |
| CN115299320A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-08 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Roof greening soil buffer structure layer and construction method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110471154.9A patent/CN113187160A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114223528A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 武汉安莱沃科技有限公司 | Soilless seedling raising blanket for roof greening and preparation method |
| CN114223528B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-03-10 | 武汉安莱沃科技有限公司 | Soilless seedling raising blanket for roof greening and preparation method |
| CN115299320A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-08 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Roof greening soil buffer structure layer and construction method thereof |
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