CN111248119A - Artificial insemination device and artificial insemination method for spotted-head fish - Google Patents
Artificial insemination device and artificial insemination method for spotted-head fish Download PDFInfo
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 130
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 119
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chavibetol Natural products COC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1O NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005770 Eugenol Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C(C)=C)=CC=C1O UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960002217 eugenol Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 241000027431 Anoplophora Species 0.000 description 7
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- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001442213 Hexagrammos agrammus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001249555 Hexagrammos otakii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001274981 Siganus canaliculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial insemination device and an artificial insemination method for spotted-head fish, the insemination device comprises an insemination box and a fertilized egg shaping device arranged in the insemination box, the fertilized egg shaping device comprises a fertilized egg box with a frame structure and a dendritic shaping device arranged in the fertilized egg box, and the periphery and the bottom of the fertilized egg box are provided with a bolting silk net. The roe of spotted first fish has extremely strong stickness, can adhere on dendritic calibrator, and after the sclerosis design of fertilized egg, take out the fertilized egg piece, demolish the branch trunk of dendritic calibrator, obtain the foraminiferous fertilized egg lump of cavity. The method can effectively improve the insemination efficiency and the hatchability of the spotted-head fish, thereby making up the defects of the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial insemination device and an artificial insemination method for spotted head fish, belonging to the technical field of breeding of cultured fish.
Background
The siganus oramin Hexagrammos agrammus, commonly known as catfish and Tissui koehne, is mainly distributed in coastal rock reefs or shallow water seaweed areas such as south China north sea channel to Kyushu, Korean peninsula, east sea, yellow sea and Bohai sea in the west north pacific ocean, and is cold-temperature bottom layer fish inhabiting the offshore area. The spotted-head fish has the characteristics of low temperature resistance, feeding impurity, strong stress resistance, rich protein, delicious taste and the like, is suitable for artificial culture in coastal rocky reef zones, and is a seawater culture fish with great development prospect.
Due to over-fishing, environmental pollution and other reasons, the variety and the number of economic fishes in offshore fishery are continuously reduced, and the resource amount is seriously declined. In recent years, the fishing strength of the spotted head fishes by fishermen is gradually increased, the fishing yield and the fishing individuals are gradually reduced year by year, so that the pressure borne by the resources is more and more large, the trend of resource decline is more and more serious, and the research on artificial breeding technology of the spotted head fishes is urgently needed to be developed to recover the fishery resources. The brood amount of the spotted-head fish is small, the fish eggs are viscous eggs, the whole fish is easy to bond during artificial insemination, and the fertility rate and the hatchability are low. The artificial breeding technology of the spotted-head fish is not reported at present, and the known latest fertilization rate is only 35.8 percent, and the hatchability is 41.4 percent. Production tests show that the fertilization rate can reach 66.3% and the hatching rate can reach 73.1% by adopting the method, and the fertilization rate and the hatching rate in the production of the spotted-head fry are greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides an artificial insemination device and an artificial insemination method for the spotted head fish, which can effectively improve the insemination efficiency and the hatchability of the spotted head fish, thereby making up the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention firstly provides an artificial insemination method for spotted head fish, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting parent fish: selecting spotted-head fish with normal color, complete body shape, no diseases and no damage, good ingestion and good vitality as parent fish; after the male and female parent fishes are captured, the female and male parent fishes are packed by plastic bagged seawater, oxygenated and transported to a cultivation workshop, and the operation needs to be careful in the period so as to avoid damaging the parent fishes;
(2) parent fish breeding: putting parent fish into a parent fish culture pond in a culture workshop, adopting sand filtration natural seawater running water for culture, and continuously inflating; feeding for 2 times every day until the male and female parent fishes are mature;
(3) artificial semen collection: placing the mature male parent fish cultured in the step (2) into seawater containing eugenol for anaesthetizing for 2-4 minutes to enable the parent fish to be in an anaesthetized state; wiping the anesthetized male parent fish with a dry towel, carefully squeezing the abdomen of the male parent fish, extruding and collecting semen into a centrifugal tube, and then placing the centrifugal tube on an ice box filled with ice blocks for later use, wherein the semen of 3 male fish is stored in a shading mode;
(4) artificial egg collection: placing the female fish bred in the step (2) into seawater containing eugenol for anaesthetizing for 2-4 minutes to enable the female fish to be in an anaesthetized state; wiping the anesthetized female fish with a dry towel, carefully extruding the belly of the female fish, extruding and collecting fish eggs into a fertilized egg shaping device, and extruding the fish eggs into a plurality of fertilized egg shaping devices under the condition of excessive fish eggs;
the fertilized egg shaping device comprises a fertilized egg box and a shaping device: the fertilization egg box is of a square frame structure, bolting silk is sewn on four side surfaces and the bottom surface respectively, and the top surface is open; the shaping device is integrally of a hollow dendritic structure and comprises a main branch and a plurality of branch branches, wherein the main branch is provided with a plurality of circular slots, and one end of each branch is inserted into the slot of the main support rod to form the dendritic structure; the dendritic shaper can be just placed in the fertilized egg box to form the fertilized egg shaper; the roe of the spotted-head fish has extremely strong viscosity and can be adhered to the dendritic calibrator;
(5) artificial insemination: putting fertilized egg shaping devices filled with fish eggs in a cuboid-shaped insemination box side by side, diluting semen with medical normal saline, and uniformly stirring with a glass rod; then immediately pouring the diluted semen into an insemination box provided with a fertilized egg shaping device, then placing the insemination box on a horizontal desktop, quickly adding sand-filtered seawater into the insemination box until the upper edge of the fertilized egg shaping device, standing for 20-40min, and combining the semen and the eggs to form fertilized eggs during the period; after the fertilized eggs are hardened and shaped, taking the fertilized egg blocks out of the fertilized egg box, slightly removing branches to obtain hollow fertilized egg blocks with holes, washing the fertilized eggs for 3-5 times by using a large amount of seawater, and putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into an incubation pool for incubation;
(6) hatching fertilized eggs: putting the fertilized egg blocks into an incubation net cage of an incubation pool, and incubating in a still water and continuous inflation incubation mode; the hatching time is 20-26 days, and after 20 days, the newly hatched fries are timely removed from the hatching pond for further cultivation.
In the technical scheme, in the step (1), the parent fish is a spotted-head fish of 3-4 years old; the weight of the male fish is 100-150g, and the weight of the female fish is 100-200 g.
In the technical scheme, in the step (2), the feeding ratio of the male and female parent fishes in the parent fish breeding pond is 1:1, and the breeding density is 5-8 tails/m3(ii) a The bait for feeding is oyster meat and/or clamworm, and the feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish every day.
In the technical scheme, in the step (3), the male parent fish is preferably placed in seawater containing 23-26mg/L eugenol for anesthesia, and the anesthesia time is preferably 3 minutes.
In the technical scheme, in the step (4), the female fish is preferably placed in seawater containing 23-26mg/L eugenol for anesthesia, and the anesthesia time is preferably 3 minutes.
In the technical scheme, in the step (5), 1ml of semen is sucked by a suction pipe, diluted to 50ml by medical normal saline and poured into a fertilized egg shaping device filled with fish eggs; the time for standing is preferably 30 min.
In the technical scheme, in the step (6), in the hatching process, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 2 days, and the hatching is carried out at constant temperature after the temperature is raised to 12 ℃; from the 10 th day of fertilization, fertilized eggs are moved to the outdoor shady place for drying in the shade for 1 hour every 2 times a day, and the drying in the shade is stimulated for 1 minute every 15 minutes.
The invention also provides an artificial insemination device for the spotted-head fish, which comprises an insemination box and a fertilized egg shaping device and is characterized in that:
the insemination box 1 is of a cuboid-shaped and open box-shaped structure; the fertilized egg shaping device is placed in the insemination box;
the fertilized egg shaping device comprises a fertilized egg box 2 and a shaping device 3; the shaping device is placed inside the fertilized egg box;
the fertilization egg box 2 is of a square frame structure, four side surfaces and the bottom surface are respectively sewn with bolting silk, and the top surface is open;
the shaping device 3 is integrally of a dendritic structure and comprises a main branch and a plurality of branch branches, and the branch branches are distributed on the main branch in a crossed manner;
the main branches are integrally of a cuboid structure and are vertically arranged, and a plurality of circular slots are formed in the main branches;
the branch trunk is of a cylindrical structure as a whole, and one end of the branch trunk can be inserted into the slot of the main branch trunk to form a dendritic structure.
In the technical scheme, the insemination box is a box body made of plastic materials, and the length, the width and the height of the insemination box are 40-60cm, 10-15cm and 5-7cm respectively; more than 10 fertilized egg shaping devices can be placed inside the device.
In the technical scheme, the fertilized egg box is a frame body made of plastic, and the side length is 4-6 cm.
In the technical scheme, the mesh of the bolting silk is 80-160 meshes.
In the technical scheme, the whole calibrator is made of plastic.
In the technical scheme, the number of the slots on the main branch is 8, and the number of the branch is 8.
In the technical scheme, the main branches are 4-6cm long, 0.4-0.5cm wide and 0.4-0.5cm high, and the diameter of the slot is 0.2-0.3 cm.
In the technical scheme, the branch trunk is 2-3cm in length and 0.2-0.3cm in diameter.
The method of the invention ensures that the fertilization rate of the anoplophora malabaricus roe reaches 87.2 percent and the hatchability reaches 60.7 percent, fills the blank of artificial insemination hatching of the anoplophora malabaricus, and lays a foundation for artificial breeding and multiplication and cultivation of the anoplophora malabaricus.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an artificial insemination device for mackerel of the invention;
wherein: 1 is a insemination box, 2 is a fertilization egg box, and 3 is a calibrator.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided, but the present invention is not limited to the following descriptions:
the invention provides an artificial insemination device for spotted head fish, which comprises an insemination box and a fertilized egg shaping device, and is shown in figure 1: the insemination box 1 is of a cuboid and open box-shaped structure, and the fertilized egg shaping device is placed inside the insemination box; the fertilized egg shaping device comprises a fertilized egg box 2 and a shaping device 3, and the shaping device is placed inside the fertilized egg box; the fertilization egg box 2 is of a square frame structure, four side surfaces and the bottom surface are respectively sewn with bolting silk, and the top surface is open; the shaping device 3 is integrally of a dendritic structure and comprises a main branch and a plurality of branch branches, and the branch branches are distributed on the main branch in a crossed manner; the main branch is of a cuboid structure and is vertically arranged, and a plurality of circular slots are formed in the main branch; the whole branch structure that is the cylinder structure of branch, thereby one end can insert in the slot of main branch and constitute dendritic structure.
The invention also provides a method for artificial insemination by using the artificial insemination device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting parent fish: selecting spotted-head fish with normal color, complete body shape, no diseases and no damage, good ingestion and good vitality as parent fish; after the male and female parent fishes are captured, the female and male parent fishes are packed by plastic bagged seawater, oxygenated and transported to a cultivation workshop, and the operation needs to be careful in the period so as to avoid damaging the parent fishes;
(2) parent fish breeding: putting parent fish into a parent fish culture pond in a culture workshop, adopting sand filtration natural seawater running water for culture, and continuously inflating; feeding for 2 times every day until the male and female parent fishes are mature;
(3) artificial semen collection: placing the mature male parent fish cultured in the step (2) into seawater containing eugenol for anaesthetizing for 2-4 minutes to enable the parent fish to be in an anaesthetized state; wiping the anesthetized male parent fish with a dry towel, carefully squeezing the abdomen of the male parent fish, extruding and collecting semen into a centrifugal tube, and then placing the centrifugal tube on an ice box filled with ice blocks for later use, wherein the semen of 3 male fish is stored in a shading mode;
(4) artificial egg collection: placing the female fish bred in the step (2) into seawater containing eugenol for anaesthetizing for 2-4 minutes to enable the female fish to be in an anaesthetized state; wiping the anesthetized female fish with a dry towel, carefully extruding the belly of the female fish, extruding and collecting fish eggs into a fertilized egg shaping device, and extruding the fish eggs into a plurality of fertilized egg shaping devices under the condition of excessive fish eggs; the roe of the spotted-head fish has extremely strong viscosity and can be adhered to the dendritic calibrator;
(5) artificial insemination: putting fertilized egg shaping devices filled with fish eggs in a cuboid-shaped insemination box side by side, diluting semen with medical normal saline, and uniformly stirring with a glass rod; then immediately pouring the diluted semen into an insemination box provided with a fertilized egg shaping device, then placing the insemination box on a horizontal desktop, quickly adding sand-filtered seawater into the insemination box until the upper edge of the fertilized egg shaping device, standing for 20-40min, and combining the semen and the eggs to form fertilized eggs during the period; after the fertilized eggs are hardened and shaped, taking the fertilized egg blocks out of the fertilized egg box, slightly removing branches to obtain hollow fertilized egg blocks with holes, washing the fertilized eggs for 3-5 times by using a large amount of seawater, and putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into an incubation pool for incubation;
(6) hatching fertilized eggs: putting the fertilized egg blocks into an incubation net cage of an incubation pool, and incubating in a still water and continuous inflation incubation mode; the hatching time is 20-26 days, and after 20 days, the newly hatched fries are timely removed from the hatching pond for further cultivation.
The invention is illustrated below with reference to specific examples:
example 1:
the artificial breeding of the spotted-head fish is not reported at present, and in the exploration process, the artificial insemination and incubation method of the same-genus hexagrammos otakii is referred, and the artificial insemination and incubation technology of the spotted-head fish is broken through for the first time by combining the ecological niche and habit of the spotted-head fish in the natural environment.
Experiments of the artificial insemination and incubation method of the mackerel are carried out in a pilot plant base of a marine organism research institute in Shandong province in 2018 from 9 months to 11 months, and the process and the results are as follows:
(1) selecting parent fish: selecting 3-4-year-old spotted head fish, wherein the male fish is 100-200 g. The selected parent fish has normal color, complete body shape, no diseases and no injury, good ingestion and good vitality. After the parent fish is captured, the parent fish is packed by adopting a plastic bag and is oxygenated and transported to a parent fish breeding workshop, and the operation needs to be careful in the period, so that the parent fish is prevented from being damaged.
(2) Parent fish breeding: the ratio of male and female parent fishes in the parent fish breeding pond is 1:1, and the breeding density is 6 fish/m3The method comprises the steps of adopting sand filtration natural seawater running water for cultivation, continuously inflating, feeding oyster meat (feeding clamworm when the oyster meat is insufficient), feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the feeding amount is 4% of the weight of parent fish every day.
(3) Artificial semen collection: placing the mature anoplophora malabaricus male fish into seawater containing 24.5mg/L eugenol for anesthesia for 3 minutes, and enabling the parent fish to be in an anesthesia state; wiping the anesthetized male fish with a dry towel, carefully squeezing the abdomen, squeezing the semen out, collecting the semen into a 2ml centrifugal tube, placing the centrifugal tube on an ice box filled with ice blocks for later use, and storing the semen of 3 male fish in a shading mode.
(4) Artificial egg collection: putting the female fish of the mature spotted-head fish into seawater containing 24.5mg/L eugenol for anesthesia for 3 minutes, and then enabling the parent fish to be in an anesthesia state; wiping the body surface of the parent fish with a dry towel, carefully extruding the abdomen of the parent fish, extruding the roes into a shaping device, extruding too many roes into a plurality of fertilized egg shaping devices, and independently forming a group of roes of each female fish.
(5) Artificial insemination: putting fertilized egg shaping devices filled with fish eggs in a cuboid-shaped insemination box side by side, sucking 1ml of semen by using a suction pipe, diluting the semen to 50ml by using medical normal saline, and uniformly stirring by using a glass rod; then immediately pouring the diluted semen into a insemination box provided with a fertilized egg shaping device, then placing the insemination box on a horizontal desktop, quickly adding sand-filtered seawater into the insemination box until the upper edge of the fertilized egg shaping device, standing for 30min, and combining the semen and the eggs to form fertilized eggs during the period; after the fertilized eggs are hardened and shaped, taking the fertilized egg blocks out of the fertilized egg box, slightly removing branches to obtain hollow fertilized egg blocks with holes, washing the fertilized eggs for 5 times by using a large amount of seawater, and putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into an incubation pool for incubation;
(6) hatching fertilized eggs: putting the fertilized egg blocks into an incubation net cage of an incubation pool, and incubating in a still water and continuous inflation incubation mode; in the incubation process of the fertilized eggs, raising the temperature by 1 ℃ every 2 days, and incubating at constant temperature after the temperature is raised to 12 ℃; from the 10 th day of fertilization, fertilized eggs are moved to the outdoor shady place for drying in the shade for 1 hour every 2 times a day, and the drying in the shade is stimulated for 1 minute every 15 minutes. The incubation time is 20-26 days, after 20 days, the newly-hatched fries are timely removed from the incubation pool for cultivation
And (3) detecting the hatching survival rate: the method of the invention ensures that the fertilization rate of the anoplophora malabaricus roe reaches 87.2 percent and the hatchability reaches 60.7 percent, fills the blank of artificial insemination hatching of the anoplophora malabaricus, and lays a foundation for artificial breeding and multiplication and cultivation of the anoplophora malabaricus.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An artificial insemination method for mackerel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting parent fish: selecting spotted-head fish with normal color, complete body shape, no diseases and no damage, good ingestion and good vitality as parent fish; after the male and female parent fishes are captured, the female and male parent fishes are packed by plastic bagged seawater, oxygenated and transported to a cultivation workshop, and the operation needs to be careful in the period so as to avoid damaging the parent fishes;
(2) parent fish breeding: putting parent fish into a parent fish culture pond in a culture workshop, adopting sand filtration natural seawater running water for culture, and continuously inflating; feeding for 2 times every day until the male and female parent fishes are mature;
(3) artificial semen collection: placing the mature male parent fish cultured in the step (2) into seawater containing eugenol for anaesthetizing for 2-4 minutes to enable the parent fish to be in an anaesthetized state; wiping the anesthetized male parent fish with a dry towel, carefully squeezing the abdomen of the male parent fish, extruding and collecting semen into a centrifugal tube, and then placing the centrifugal tube on an ice box filled with ice blocks for later use, wherein the semen of 3 male fish is stored in a shading mode;
(4) artificial egg collection: placing the female fish bred in the step (2) into seawater containing eugenol for anaesthetizing for 2-4 minutes to enable the female fish to be in an anaesthetized state; wiping the anesthetized female fish with a dry towel, carefully extruding the belly of the female fish, extruding and collecting fish eggs into a fertilized egg shaping device, and extruding the fish eggs into a plurality of fertilized egg shaping devices under the condition of excessive fish eggs;
the fertilized egg shaping device comprises a fertilized egg box (2) and a shaping device (3): the fertilization egg box (2) is a square frame structure, four side surfaces and the bottom surface are respectively sewn with bolting silk, and the top surface is open; the shaping device (3) is integrally of a hollow dendritic structure and comprises a main branch and a plurality of branch branches, wherein the main branch is provided with a plurality of circular slots, and one ends of the branch branches are inserted into the slots of the main supporting rod to form the dendritic structure; the dendritic shaper can be just placed in the fertilized egg box to form the fertilized egg shaper; the roe of the spotted-head fish has extremely strong viscosity and can be adhered to the dendritic calibrator;
(5) artificial insemination: putting fertilized egg shaping devices filled with fish eggs in parallel in a cuboid-shaped insemination box (1), diluting semen with medical normal saline, and uniformly stirring with a glass rod; then immediately pouring the diluted semen into an insemination box provided with a fertilized egg shaping device, then placing the insemination box on a horizontal desktop, quickly adding sand-filtered seawater into the insemination box until the upper edge of the fertilized egg shaping device, standing for 20-40min, and combining the semen and the eggs to form fertilized eggs during the period; after the fertilized eggs are hardened and shaped, taking the fertilized egg blocks out of the fertilized egg box (2), slightly removing branches to obtain hollow fertilized egg blocks with holes, washing the fertilized eggs for 3-5 times by using a large amount of seawater, and putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into an incubation pool for incubation;
(6) hatching fertilized eggs: putting the fertilized egg blocks into an incubation net cage of an incubation pool, and incubating in a still water and continuous inflation incubation mode; the hatching time is 20-26 days, and after 20 days, the newly hatched fries are timely removed from the hatching pond for further cultivation.
2. Artificial insemination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the parent fish is a spotted-head fish of 3-4 years old; the weight of the male fish is 100-150g, and the weight of the female fish is 100-200 g.
3. Artificial insemination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the feeding ratio of the male and female parent fishes in the parent fish culture pond is 1:1, and the culture density is 5-8 fish/m3(ii) a The bait for feeding is oyster meat and/or clamworm, and the feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish every day.
4. Artificial insemination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the male parent fish is placed in seawater containing 23-26mg/L eugenol for anesthesia for 3 minutes.
5. Artificial insemination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), the female fish is placed in seawater containing 23-26mg/L eugenol for anesthesia for 3 minutes.
6. Artificial insemination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), 1ml of semen is sucked by a suction pipe, diluted to 50ml by medical normal saline and poured into a fertilized egg shaping device filled with fish eggs; the standing time is 30 min.
7. Artificial insemination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (6), in the hatching process, raising the temperature by 1 ℃ every 2 days, and hatching at constant temperature after the temperature is raised to 12 ℃; from the 10 th day of fertilization, fertilized eggs are moved to the outdoor shady place for drying in the shade for 1 hour every 2 times a day, and the drying in the shade is stimulated for 1 minute every 15 minutes.
8. The utility model provides a mackerel artificial insemination device, includes insemination box and embryonated egg calibrator, its characterized in that:
the insemination box (1) is of a cuboid-shaped and open box-shaped structure; the fertilized egg shaping device is placed in the insemination box;
the fertilized egg shaping device comprises a fertilized egg box (2) and a shaping device (3); the shaping device is placed inside the fertilized egg box;
the fertilization egg box (2) is of a square frame structure, bolting silk is sewn on four side surfaces and the bottom surface respectively, and the top surface is open;
the shaping device (3) is integrally of a dendritic structure and comprises a main branch and a plurality of branch branches, and the branch branches are distributed on the main branch in a crossed manner;
the main branches are integrally of a cuboid structure and are vertically arranged, and a plurality of circular slots are formed in the main branches;
the branch trunk is of a cylindrical structure as a whole, and one end of the branch trunk can be inserted into the slot of the main branch trunk to form a dendritic structure.
9. An artificial insemination device as described in claim 8, wherein: the insemination box is a box body made of plastic materials, the specification is 40-60cm in length, 10-15cm in width and 5-7cm in height, and more than 10 fertilized egg shaping devices can be placed in the insemination box; the fertilized egg box is a frame body made of plastic, and the side length is 4-6 cm; the mesh of the bolting silk is 80-160 meshes.
10. An artificial insemination device as described in claim 8, wherein: the whole shaper is made of plastic materials; the number of the slots on the main branch is 8, and the number of the branch is 8; the main branches are 4-6cm long, 0.4-0.5cm wide and 0.4-0.5cm high, and the diameter of the slot is 0.2-0.3 cm; the branch trunk is 2-3cm in length and 0.2-0.3cm in diameter.
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