CN111233585A - Special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111233585A
CN111233585A CN202010194185.XA CN202010194185A CN111233585A CN 111233585 A CN111233585 A CN 111233585A CN 202010194185 A CN202010194185 A CN 202010194185A CN 111233585 A CN111233585 A CN 111233585A
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water
fertilizer
soluble fertilizer
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高翠民
何方
武继承
杨永辉
潘晓莹
王越
韩伟峰
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Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource Environmentof of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource Environmentof of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Abstract

The invention discloses a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The water-soluble fertilizer special for the high-quality wheat comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of potassium chloride, 1-10 parts of iron, 1-5 parts of manganese, 1-10 parts of boron, 5-15 parts of zinc, 1-5 parts of copper, 0.01-0.1 part of urease inhibitor and 0.01-0.1 part of nitrification inhibitor. The water-soluble fertilizer prepared by the invention has the characteristics of high dissolving speed, relatively high absorption and utilization rate, multiple nutrients and the like, can be applied to facility agriculture such as spraying and drip irrigation, realizes water and fertilizer integration, improves the utilization efficiency of the water and fertilizer, achieves the effects of saving water, fertilizer and labor, and can reduce the damage to soil and environment caused by long-term large-scale use of chemical fertilizers. In addition, the invention can also be used for foliage fertilizer spraying and soilless culture.

Description

Special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a large water-deficient agriculture country and a large fertilizer consumption country, the annual consumption of chemical fertilizers exceeds 6000 million tons, and the utilization rate of the fertilizers is only 30-40%. Excessive application of fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, not only directly results in reduction of nitrogen fertilizer utilization and agronomic efficiency, but also causes great potential harm to the sustainable development of the environment. After the nitrogen fertilizer is applied to soil, the nitrogen fertilizer is seriously lost through leaching, volatilization, denitrification, surface runoff and other ways, so that a series of environmental pollution problems are caused, such as air pollution, lake water eutrophication, red tide phenomenon, soil acidification, underground water pollution and the like, and further the sustainable development of agriculture, society and ecology is seriously influenced. The water and fertilizer integrated utilization pipeline irrigation system timely and properly and accurately conveys fertilizer and irrigation water to root soil of crops according to the requirement rule of the crops on water and nutrients for crops to absorb, realizes synchronous water and fertilizer management and efficient utilization, can improve the water utilization rate to 70-80 percent, and reduces the pollution to the environment, the atmosphere and water bodies and the potential harm to human beings caused by the traditional rough agricultural planting mode.
A Water Soluble Fertilizer (WSF) is a multi-element compound Fertilizer which can be completely dissolved in Water, can be quickly dissolved in Water and can be easily absorbed and utilized by crops. At present, the production of water-soluble fertilizers in China is in a great development period, but the production and popularization of water-soluble fertilizers in China also have a plurality of problems: 1. the product has low technical content, uneven quality and quite far difference between a plurality of water-soluble fertilizers with lower price and the national standard, and a plurality of enterprises take high brands of 'full water-soluble' to produce products such as water flush fertilizer, irrigation fertilizer, water-soluble compound fertilizer and the like which do not accord with the national standard and mislead consumers; some enterprises emphasize nutrient content and do not pay attention to nutrient form, efficacy, auxiliary agents and scientific configuration of organic nutrients, so that the utilization rate of effective components of the product is not high despite water solubility; also products produced by enterprises may even have side effects. 2. The price of the water-soluble fertilizer is high, and the price of the water-soluble fertilizer in the market is mostly more than 1.6 ten thousand yuan/t and is as high as 2.0-3.0 ten thousand yuan/t. According to market survey of Shandong Shouguang, the imported water-soluble fertilizer contains products such as Pruduodan, Germany Kangshangtai and Israel Haimao, and products of enterprises such as Shanghai Fangdian and Shenzhen Botian are provided in China, the highest zero selling value of the imported water-soluble fertilizer exceeds 4.0 ten thousand yuan/t, and the highest zero selling value is generally about 3.0 ten thousand yuan/t. In 2012, the price of the water-soluble fertilizer is slightly reduced, the imported product is 2.2-2.5 ten thousand yuan/t, and the domestic product is 1.8-2.4 ten thousand yuan/t. 3. The special water-soluble fertilizer for fruits and vegetables is more, and the special water-soluble fertilizer for field crops (wheat and corn) is less.
Meanwhile, with the formation of large-scale operation in land circulation, farmers in large-scale operation would be more willing to accept novel, economical and efficient water-soluble fertilizers. The new technology and the new fertilizer have more and more obvious effect on improving the per capita income of growers. They would like to directly connect with technicians and have the ability to buy drip irrigation and sprinkling irrigation equipment to realize water and fertilizer integration. Therefore, the water-soluble fertilizer becomes one of effective ways for ensuring the sustainable and efficient development of agriculture, and is one of the main directions of the future fertilizer development.
In conclusion, the invention designs the special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and a preparation method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of potassium chloride, 1-10 parts of iron, 1-5 parts of manganese, 1-10 parts of boron, 5-15 parts of zinc, 1-5 parts of copper, 0.01-0.1 part of urease inhibitor and 0.01-0.1 part of nitrification inhibitor.
In some embodiments, the iron, manganese, boron, zinc, and copper are all in EDTA chelated form.
In some of these embodiments, the urease inhibitor is at least one of N-butyl thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and Hydroquinone (HQ).
In some of these embodiments, the nitrification inhibitor is at least one of dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat, which comprises the following steps: according to the formula requirement, directly and uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, iron (FeEDTA), manganese (MnEDTA), boron, zinc (ZnEDTA), copper (CuEDTA), urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor.
In some embodiments, the mixing is physical mixing using a ribbon single-shaft horizontal mixer, a twin-shaft horizontal mixer, or a twin-screw conical mixer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, good water solubility, quick nutrition and quick effect and reasonable price.
Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: high-quality wheat refers to wheat with higher nutritional quality and processing quality, the protein content of grains is one of important indexes for quality evaluation, and nitrogen is an important component for synthesizing protein. Therefore, according to the characteristic that the nitrogen demand of the high-quality wheat nutrients is high, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is reasonably set, and the wheat yield and the protein content are improved.
Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the invention supplements medium trace elements, has diversified nutrition and chelate trace elements, is beneficial to the absorption of wheat, promotes the growth of the wheat and improves the quality and the yield of the wheat. The zinc can improve the development quality of the root system and the tiller of the wheat, prolong the effective functions of leaves, promote the accumulation of dry matters, increase the spike number and the grain weight and increase the protein content of grains; can also improve the stress resistance of wheat, such as drought resistance, pit low temperature resistance or frost resistance. Iron and copper are important trace elements in the growth and development process of wheat, and play an important role in the redox processes of respiration, photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and the like. Iron and copper can promote the growth and development of wheat and improve the yield of wheat. Manganese has a divalent combination form and a trivalent combination form in a plant body and plays an important role in the oxidation-reduction process in the wheat body. Manganese can obviously improve nitrogen absorption, increase the grain weight of ears, thousand grain weight and yield, and can also improve the quality of wheat grains. Boron can promote tillering and ear development of wheat and improve maturing rate, thereby improving the yield of wheat.
Fourthly: the invention adds urease inhibitor to inhibit the activity of urease in soil and delay the hydrolysis of urea, thereby reducing the volatilization loss of ammonia. Meanwhile, the nitrification inhibitor is added to inhibit the conversion of ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, thereby reducing the leaching loss of the nitrate nitrogen and the emission of greenhouse gases (nitrogen oxides), improving the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer and reducing the pollution of nitrogen application to the environment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims, as may be amended by those skilled in the art upon reading the present invention.
The instruments and devices referred to in the following examples are conventional instruments and devices unless otherwise specified; the test raw materials are all conventional commercial products if not specifically indicated; the test methods involved are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
NBPT N-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, HQ: hydroquinone DCD: dicyandiamide, DMPP: 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate
Example 1:
a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat: 68.0kg of urea, 10.0kg of monoammonium phosphate (10-50-0), 7.45kg of potassium chloride, 4.5kg of iron (FeEDTA), 1.5kg of manganese (MnEDTA), 1.5kg of boron, 6.0kg of zinc (ZnEDTA), 1.0kg of copper (CuEDTA), 0.02kg of HQ + 0.01kg of DCD + 0.02kg of DMPP. Sequentially adding into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.
Example 2:
a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat: 65.0kg of urea, 11.0kg of monoammonium phosphate (10-50-0), 9.5kg of potassium chloride, 5.0kg of iron (FeEDTA), 1.0kg of manganese (MnEDTA), 1.45kg of boron, 6.0kg of zinc (ZnEDTA), 1.0kg of copper (CuEDTA) and 0.02kg of NBPT and 0.03kg of DCD are weighed. Sequentially adding into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.
Example 3:
a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat: 65.0kg of urea, 12.0kg of monoammonium phosphate (10-50-0), 10.0kg of potassium chloride, 2.45kg of iron (FeEDTA), 1.5kg of manganese (MnEDTA), 2.0kg of boron, 6.0kg of zinc (ZnEDTA), 1.0kg of copper (CuEDTA), 0.02kg of HQ + 0.02kg of DCD + 0.01kg of DMPP are weighed. Sequentially adding into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.
Example 4:
a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat: weighing 72.0kg of urea, 10.0kg of monoammonium phosphate (10-50-0), 5.5kg of potassium chloride, 2.0kg of iron (FeEDTA), 1.2kg of manganese (MnEDTA), 1.3kg of boron, 6.5kg of zinc (ZnEDTA), 1.4kg of copper (CuEDTA) and 0.03kg of HQ + NBPT 0.02+ DMPP 0.05 kg. Sequentially adding into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.
Example 5:
a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat: 70.0kg of urea, 10.0kg of monoammonium phosphate (10-50-0), 8.5kg of potassium chloride, 2.5kg of iron (FeEDTA), 1.2kg of manganese (MnEDTA), 1.3kg of boron, 5.5kg of zinc, 1kg of copper, 0.04 of HQ, 0.02kg of DCD0 and 0.02kg of DMPP are weighed. Sequentially adding into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.
Demonstration application effect of special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat
(1) In 2018, the application area is demonstrated to be 500 mu in Yuanyang county, 6 groups are provided by taking the special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat described in examples 1-5 as a test group and taking farmer habit fertilization as a control group. Test group planting mode: after harvest of autumn corn, before cultivation of winter wheat, conventional mechanical tillage and soil preparation are carried out, and 540kg/hm of special compound fertilizer for wheat is basal applied2(N:P2O5:k2The O ratio is 28:15:5, and a soil fertilizer compound laboratory of a farm institute of Henan province), and 180kg/hm of the high-quality water-soluble fertilizer special for wheat is applied in the elongation stage and the booting stage of winter wheat respectively2And 90kg/hm2Diluting by 800-1000 times and applying in a drip irrigation mode. Planting mode of a control group: the same fertilizer for farming and basal application as the test group, and the same amount of urea (N: 46%, Hainan Heart-connected Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) as the test group was applied for additional fertilizer.
And (5) performing actual harvest in a harvest period, and analyzing the protein content of grains.
TABLE 1 mean wheat yield and grain protein content
Figure BDA0002416621570000041
(2) In 2018, the application area is 300 mu in the Dredging county, 6 groups are provided by taking the special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat described in examples 1-5 as a test group and taking urea applied by surrounding farmers as a control. Test group planting mode: after harvest of autumn corn, before cultivation of winter wheat, conventional mechanical tillage and soil preparation are carried out, and 600kg/hm of special compound fertilizer for wheat is basal applied2(N:P2O5:k2The O proportion is 25:15:5, the Woli Wo-compound fertilizer Henan agricultural center fertilizer industry Co., Ltd.) is applied to the high-quality wheat special water-soluble fertilizer 180kg/hm at the jointing stage and the booting stage of winter wheat respectively2And 90kg/hm2Diluting by 800-1000 times and applying in a drip irrigation mode. Planting mode of a control group: the same fertilizer for farming and basal application as the test group, and the same amount of urea (N: 46%, Hainan Heart-connected Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) as the test group was applied for additional fertilizer.
And (5) performing actual harvest in a harvest period, and analyzing the protein content of grains.
TABLE 2 mean wheat yield and protein content
Figure BDA0002416621570000051
Note: due to different planting time, fertilizing amount, variety and management modes of wheat of the surrounding masses, the yield and the protein content of grains are different, the yield can reach 650kg at the highest, 400kg at the lowest, 548kg at the average yield and 12.9 percent of the protein content of the grains.
By demonstrating the application of the invention in two places, Yuanyang and Dredging, we have: respectively applying 180kg/hm of the special water-soluble fertilizer for the high-quality wheat in the jointing stage and the booting stage of the winter wheat2And 90kg/hm2And after being diluted by 800-1000 times, the wheat is applied in a drip irrigation mode, so that the yield of wheat can be obviously increased, and the protein content of grains is improved.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

1. The special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of potassium chloride, 1-10 parts of iron, 1-5 parts of manganese, 1-10 parts of boron, 5-15 parts of zinc, 1-5 parts of copper, 0.01-0.1 part of urease inhibitor and 0.01-0.1 part of nitrification inhibitor.
2. The special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat according to claim 1, wherein the iron, manganese, boron, zinc and copper are all in EDTA chelated state.
3. The water-soluble fertilizer special for high-quality wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the urease inhibitor is at least one of N-butyl thiophosphoryl triamide and hydroquinone.
4. The water-soluble fertilizer special for high-quality wheat according to claim 1, wherein the nitrification inhibitor is at least one of dicyandiamide and 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate.
5. The preparation method of the special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the formula requirements, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor are directly and uniformly mixed.
6. The method for preparing the water-soluble fertilizer special for high-quality wheat according to claim 1, wherein the mixing is physical mixing, and equipment used in the mixing is a helical ribbon single-shaft horizontal mixer, a double-shaft horizontal mixer or a double-helix conical mixer.
CN202010194185.XA 2020-03-18 2020-03-18 Special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and preparation method thereof Pending CN111233585A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112352638A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-12 普罗丰禾(武汉)科技有限公司 Method for improving yield and quality of wheat in rice and wheat rotation area
CN113307684A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-27 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Cotton drip irrigation fertilizer and preparation and application methods thereof
CN113519360A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-10-22 新疆德豪润达农业科技有限公司 Water-saving and fertilizer-saving wheat osmotic cultivation method in arid region
US11236026B1 (en) 2020-10-15 2022-02-01 Rosen's, Inc. Fertigation process
CN115812376A (en) * 2022-11-24 2023-03-21 石河子大学 Method for directly crushing cotton straws and returning the crushed cotton straws to field
CN116217297A (en) * 2023-04-04 2023-06-06 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 Organic-inorganic compound water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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CN102515943A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-06-27 于永波 Ecological nutritional compound fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof
CN105110866A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-12-02 安徽农业大学 Amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer special for wheat, preparation method and application thereof
CN106565347A (en) * 2016-11-09 2017-04-19 云南农业大学 Long-acting type major element water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109608264A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-12 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 Winter wheat turns green jointing stage special fertilizer and winter wheat culture fertilizing method

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CN102358709A (en) * 2011-08-08 2012-02-22 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Water and fertilizer integrated fertilizer special for winter wheat and application method for water and fertilizer integrated fertilizer
CN102515943A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-06-27 于永波 Ecological nutritional compound fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof
CN105110866A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-12-02 安徽农业大学 Amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer special for wheat, preparation method and application thereof
CN106565347A (en) * 2016-11-09 2017-04-19 云南农业大学 Long-acting type major element water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109608264A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-12 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 Winter wheat turns green jointing stage special fertilizer and winter wheat culture fertilizing method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11236026B1 (en) 2020-10-15 2022-02-01 Rosen's, Inc. Fertigation process
CN112352638A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-12 普罗丰禾(武汉)科技有限公司 Method for improving yield and quality of wheat in rice and wheat rotation area
CN112352638B (en) * 2020-11-02 2023-07-21 中农普罗丰禾湖北科技有限公司 Method for improving wheat yield and quality in rice and wheat rotation area
CN113307684A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-27 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Cotton drip irrigation fertilizer and preparation and application methods thereof
CN113519360A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-10-22 新疆德豪润达农业科技有限公司 Water-saving and fertilizer-saving wheat osmotic cultivation method in arid region
CN115812376A (en) * 2022-11-24 2023-03-21 石河子大学 Method for directly crushing cotton straws and returning the crushed cotton straws to field
CN116217297A (en) * 2023-04-04 2023-06-06 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 Organic-inorganic compound water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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