CN111228360A - 一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物及其制备方法,一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物,由下述重量份数比的原料组成:荆芥50‑60、防风50‑60、牛蒡子25‑30、蝉蜕55‑60、薄荷25‑30、葛根25‑30、升麻25‑30、石膏50‑60、栀子25‑30、黄柏25‑30、苦参50‑60、地黄25‑30、赤芍25‑30、紫草25‑30、连翘25‑30、大青叶25‑30、白鲜皮20‑30、当归25‑30、黄芪55‑60、酒女贞子25‑30、甘草25‑30。本发明内服药物治疗血热风噪型皮肤病见效快,治愈率高,副作用小,还不易复发,不产生耐药性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药复方及其制备方法,特别是涉及一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮肤病多是由于皮肤、黏膜小血管反应性扩张及渗透性增加而产生的一种局限性水肿反应。此病多为先天禀赋不足,卫外不固,风邪乘虚侵袭所致,或表虚不固,风寒、风热外袭,客于肌表,致使营卫失调而致。西医治疗一般采用抗组胺药物、钙剂及皮质激素类药物等,均能取得一定疗效,但副作用大,易出现嗜睡、乏力、头晕等,限制了在临床中的应用;对于皮肤病西医治疗方法多用免疫抑制剂,皮质类固醇激素,长期应用有严重的毒副作用且治标难治本。实践证明皮肤病是中医的优势病种,辨证论治取得较好的治疗效果。我们经过二十余年的不断探索,辩证治疗本病积累了丰富的临床经验,本发明治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物具有见效快,治愈率高,副作用小,不易复发之优点,并且不产生耐药性,是目前治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的重要发展方向。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物;本发明解决的另一个技术问题是提供该内服药物的制备方法。该治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物具有祛风止痒、清热凉血、滋肤润燥功效,治疗血热风噪型皮肤病见效快,治愈率高,副作用小,还不易复发,并且不产生耐药性,
本发明的技术方案为:一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物,其特征是,由下述重量份数比的原料组成:荆芥50-60、防风50-60、牛蒡子25-30、蝉蜕55-60、薄荷25-30、葛根25-30、升麻25-30、石膏50-60、栀子25-30、黄柏25-30、苦参50-60、地黄25-30、赤芍25-30、紫草25-30、连翘25-30、大青叶25-30、白鲜皮20-30、当归25-30、黄芪55-60、酒女贞子25-30、甘草25-30。
本发明优化的各原料重量份数比为:荆芥60、防风60、牛蒡子30、蝉蜕55、薄荷25、葛根30、升麻30、石膏50、栀子30、黄柏30、苦参50、地黄25、赤芍25、紫草25、连翘30、大青叶30、白鲜皮30、当归30、黄芪55、酒女贞子25、甘草30。
所述治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物,其特征是:所述治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物为中药丸剂。
所述治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服中药丸剂制备方法,包括下述步骤:
A、按照所述重量份数比称取各原料备用;
B、将步骤A配好的牛蒡子用清炒法炒制备用,将步骤A配好的酒女贞子用酒炙法蒸制备用;
C、将步骤A配好的石膏先煎半小时,后入步骤A配好的蝉蜕煎煮两次,每次2小时;合并煎液,将煎液浓缩至重量比的1/3-2/5得煎液浓缩液做粘合剂备用;
D、将步骤A配好的荆芥、防风、薄荷、葛根、升麻、栀子、黄柏、苦参、地黄、赤芍、紫草、连翘、大青叶、白鲜皮、当归、黄芪、甘草粉成细粉,混合均匀得混合药粉备用;
E、将步骤C煎液浓缩液并加蒸馏水作粘合剂到入步骤D制备的混合药粉,起模打成水丸,干燥、过筛分装即得。
服用方法:一天三次,一次6克;5天为一个疗程,2个疗程后观察疗效;治疗期间饮食清淡,忌辛辣刺激之品,忌烟酒、浓茶、咖啡,避免情绪刺激,避免冷热刺激,禁过度洗浴。
一、本发明各原料药物的作用与机理;
荆芥:辛,微温。归肺、肝经。功效:祛风解表,透疹止痒,止血。
防风:辛、甘、微温。归膀胱、肝、脾经。功效:祛风解表,胜湿,止痛,解痉。
牛蒡子:辛、苦、寒。归肺、肝经。功效:疏散风热,宣肺利咽,解毒透疹,消肿疗疮。炒后凉性降低。
蝉蜕:甘、寒。归肺、肝经。功效:疏散风热,透疹止痒,明目退翳,息风止痉。
薄荷:辛、凉。归肺、肝经。功效:疏散风热,清利头目,利咽,透疹,疏肝。
葛根:甘、辛、凉。归脾、胃经。功效:发表解肌,解热透疹,生津止渴,升阳止泻。
升麻:辛、甘、微寒。归肺、脾、胃、大肠经。功效:发表透疹,清热解毒,升阳举陷。
石膏:辛、甘、大寒。归肺、胃经。功效:清热泻火,除烦止渴。煅用收敛生肌。
栀子:苦、寒。归心、肺、胃、三焦经。功效:泻火除烦,清热利湿,凉血解毒,消肿止痛。
黄柏:苦、寒。归肾、膀胱、大肠经。功效:清热燥湿,泻火解毒,退虚热。
苦参:苦、寒。归心、肝、胃、大肠、膀胱经。功效:清热燥湿,杀虫止痒,利尿。
地黄:甘、苦、寒。归心、肝、肾经。功效:清热凉血,养阴生津,润肠。
赤芍:苦、微寒。归肝经。功效:清热凉血,祛瘀止痛。
紫草:甘、寒。功效:凉血活血,解毒透疹。
连翘:苦、微寒。归肺、心、胆经。功效:清热解毒,疏散风热,消痈散结,利尿。
大青叶:苦、大寒。归心、肺、胃经。功效:清热解毒,凉血消斑,利咽消肿。
白鲜皮:苦,寒。归脾、胃、膀胱、小肠经。功效:清热解毒,祛风燥湿,止痒。
当归:甘、辛、温。归肝、心、脾经。功效:补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。
黄芪:甘、微温。归脾、肺经。功效:补气升阳,益卫固表,托毒生肌,利水消肿。
酒女贞子:甘、苦、凉。归肝、肾经。功效:滋肾补肝,退虚热,明目。
甘草:甘、平。归脾、胃、肺、心经。功效:益气补中,祛痰止咳,解毒,缓急止痛,缓和药性。
二、本发明的处方依据、立法原则;药物配伍作用与药效
处方依据、立法原则:本发明以中医辩证理论为指导,参照中药药理研究,既严格遵从中医的理法方药辩证体系,又强调以西医的病因病理为基础,结合中药的有效化学成分,根据中药药理、药效及药代动力学基础深入探讨中医治疗规律。发明人认为血热风噪型皮肤病是一个复杂的病理过程,它反映了出机体内脏气血阴阳外在表现。症状主要有痒、痛、麻木、烧灼、虫行感及全身乏力,发热恶寒等。
发明人认为:本病初发多为实证,风邪是本病的主要外因,治宜祛风止痒,清热凉血、滋阴润燥。在本发明药物中以荆芥发表通风透疹疗疮止痒;防风祛风胜湿为君药,牛蒡子、蝉蜕、薄荷均能疏散风热、透疹止痒,用于温病初起、麻疹不透及风疹瘙痒。荆芥、防风配伍牛蒡子、蝉蜕、薄荷通风透疹疗疮、祛风胜湿功效更甚;葛根与升麻为解表升阳之品,均能透疹,用于治疗麻疹不透,升麻还善于清热解毒,治疗温毒发斑及热毒疮肿,葛根、升麻共辅提高荆芥、防风疏散风邪,解毒透疹之功效,牛蒡子、蝉蜕、薄荷、葛根、升麻共为臣药;生地黄清热凉血,养阴生津,石膏、栀子清热泻火,栀子入气分能泻火而除烦,入血分能凉血解毒而止血疗疮,用于热毒疮肿,生地黄、石膏、栀子合用清热凉血、养阴生津、泻火泻火作用加强,生地黄、石膏、栀子三者共为佐药,用于血热凉血泻火、解毒;君药、臣药、佐药彼此起到中药配伍上的“相使”作用,通风透疹疗疮、祛风润燥,清热凉血,清热解毒,扶正去邪功效更甚。以黄柏清热燥湿,泻火解毒,苦参清热燥湿药、杀虫止痒,紫草凉血使热毒从内而解,又兼热毒从二便出,凡是斑、痘、疹属于血热毒盛的均可;赤芍清热凉血,祛瘀止痛;黄柏、苦参、紫草、赤芍共用提高佐药的血热凉血泻火、解毒之功效;以大青叶善于凉血而消斑,连翘清热解毒,消痈散结为“疮家之圣药”,白鲜皮清热解毒去湿疹,连翘配伍白鲜皮其清热解毒去湿疹功效更甚,大青叶、连翘、白鲜皮共辅佐君、臣药去除热毒,透疹疗疮功效加强。以当归活血补血,黄芪补气升阳,托毒生肌,酒女贞子滋肾补肝,甘草调和诸药为使药,使养血补气而益正气促康复。
诸药合用,能祛风润燥,清热凉血,清热解毒,扶正去邪,从而标本兼治,虚实并调。治疗本病,使风邪得以清解,血中之热得以凉血,并且能解毒去痛。本发明针对病因辨证论治,固本清源,固本病不易复发。
三、本发明疗效观察方法:
3.1、本发明研究过程中,全部选用本院皮肤科门诊就诊病人,为确定本药物的疗效,根据赵辩主编《临床皮肤病学》及国家中医药管理局《中医病症诊断疗效标准》进行临床研究。入选标准:(1)年龄16岁以上;(2)风团色鲜红,遇热加重,遇冷减轻,伴见畏热,手足心热;(3)舌红苔薄白,脉数;(4)中医辨证属于血热风燥。
将200例本院皮肤科门诊就诊病人分为两组。治疗组100例,男44例,女56例;年龄16岁-83岁,平均41.6岁,病程半小时-32天,平均6.57天;对照组100例,男48例,女52例;年龄16岁-80岁,平均42.8岁,病程1小时-31天,平均6.86天。两组患者基本资料对比无显著性差异,具有可比性P>0.05。
3.2、疗效标准:
将临床疗效分为治愈、显效、有效和无效。治愈,皮肤光滑有弹性;显效,皮疹消失,但皮肤没有完全复原;有效,病情没有发展;无效,病情继续发展。
3.3、治疗方法:
治疗组100例,服用本发明内服中药丸剂,一次6克,一日3次;对照组100例,口服马来酸氯苯那敏片4mg,一日3次。5天为一个疗程,2个疗程后观察疗效。治疗期间饮食清淡,忌辛辣刺激之品,忌烟酒、浓茶、咖啡,避免情绪刺激,避免冷热刺激,禁过度洗浴。
表一 两组两个疗程后疗效比较
组别 | 例数 | 治愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率 |
治疗组 | 100 | 54 | 28 | 12 | 6 | 94% |
对照组 | 100 | 32 | 26 | 8 | 34 | 66% |
3.4、一个月后血尿常规、肝肾功能等不良反应观察:
表二 两组血尿常规、肝肾功能等不良反应情况比较
治疗组无明显不良反应,对照组有不同程度的嗜睡、乏力、头晕等。两组治疗前后血尿常规、肝肾功能无异常。
3.5复发情况:
表三 两组治愈患者停药一周复发情况比较
服用本发明中药丸剂治疗组治愈患者一年复发率仅为16.0%,对照组一年复发率为30.0%。
服用本发明中药丸剂治疗两个疗程后,治疗组总有效率为94%,而对照组仅为66%;两组血尿常规、肝肾功能等不良反应比较,治疗组服用本发明中药丸剂对血尿常规、肝肾功能、嗜睡、乏力、头晕等均无不良反应,而对照组仅对血尿常规、肝肾功能无不良反应,则出现嗜睡、乏力、头晕不良反应;服用本发明中药丸剂治疗组治愈患者一年复发率仅为16.0%,对照组一年复发率为30.0%。因此,可以得出服用本发明中药丸剂治疗血热风噪型皮肤病,具有见效快,治愈率高,高效、安全、副作用小,不易复发的特点。
四、病案举例;
1,患者石某某,男,23岁。荨麻疹病史1年,自述养宠物猫1周后全身出现红色风团,色鲜红,皮温高,痒感重,风团此起彼消,无腹痛腹泻呕吐等症状,患者曾反复多次在山东省皮肤病医院、山东省中医院等医院就诊治疗,检测过敏源,间断口服口服皿治林、左西替利嗪、依巴斯汀等多种抗组胺药物,用药后皮损消退,停药后皮损复又出现,时轻时重,给患者带来很大烦恼,现已把宠物猫送人,最近一次治疗在3个月前,查体见患者全身泛发大小形态不一红色风团,呈圆形、椭圆形或不规则形,部分融合成片,皮肤表面凹凸不平,呈橘皮样外观,人工划痕症阳性,无恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、呼吸困难、憋喘等症状,手足心热,舌红苔薄白脉数,评分3分,患者自诉痒感重,遇热加重,遇冷减轻,血尿常规及肝肾功能检查无异常。患者因长期服用西药未见明显疗效,比较排斥西医药物治疗。处方:服用本发明内服中药丸剂6克,口服每天三次,外用保湿剂缓和止痒,嘱患者饮食清淡,忌辛辣刺激、鸡鱼牛羊肉等,服药3天后,皮损发作频次减少,数量减少,痒感减轻,无其他不适,连续服药10天后,风团消退,停药观察,停药2天后有少量风团出现,巩固服药5天后皮损未再反复,复查血尿常规及肝功肾功无异常。随访半年无复发。
2,患者杨某某,男,48岁,职业:长途运输司机,自述连续开车半月后全身出现皮疹,痒感,曾在诊所服用西替利嗪、特非那定等药物,反复2月,用药好转,停药复发,患者口服抗组胺药有嗜睡作用,因职业原因寻求中医治疗,且要求服药方便。查体见患者全身散发红色风团,大小形态不一,皮温高,以躯干部为著,人工划痕症阳性,此起彼消,皮损存在一般不超过24小时,舌红苔薄白脉数,评分2分。血尿常规及肝肾功能检查无异常。处方:服用本发明内服中药丸剂6克,口服每天三次,嘱患者治疗期间饮食忌辛辣刺激,避免搔抓烫洗,痒感重时可间断外涂氟轻松软膏。患者用药一个疗程后,风团发作次数、数量、痒感程度均较前有明显改善,服药两个疗程后,皮损全消,未见嗜睡等不良反应,复查血尿常规及肝功肾功无异常。
随访3月无复发,
3,患者李某,女,46岁,职业保险人,慢性荨麻疹病史1年,皮损数量不多,此起彼消,反复发作,痒感,曾反复多次用药治疗,口服过扑尔敏、酮替芬、氯雷他定、西替利嗪等药物,均用药好转,停药复发,自诉情绪急躁和遇热时加重,偶有夜间轻微腹痛,持续时间几分钟,查体见全身散发红色风团,大小形态不一,最大者不超过1.5cm,小者绿豆粒大小,人工划痕症阳性,患者皮肤偏干,手足心热,舌红苔薄白脉数,评分2分。血尿常规及肝肾功能检查无异常。处方:服用本发明内服中药丸剂6克,口服每天三次,用药2天后症状减轻,无其他不适,连续用药2疗程后,停药有少量新发,继续巩固治疗2疗程后停药,未见新发皮损,复查血尿常规及肝功肾功无异常。随访半年无复发。
本发明有益效果是:本发明内服药物具有祛风止痒,清热凉血、滋肤润燥功效;治疗血热风噪型皮肤病见效快,治愈率高,副作用小,还不易复发,并且不产生耐药性,目前是治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的一种新型药物。
具体实施方式
本发明具体实施方式是:
实施例1,
A、按照所述重量份数比分别称取荆芥50克、防风50克、牛蒡子25克、蝉蜕60克、薄荷30克、葛根25克、升麻25克、石膏60克、栀子25克、黄柏25克、苦参60克、地黄30克、赤芍30克、紫草30克、连翘25克、大青叶25克、白鲜皮20克、当归25克、黄芪60克、酒女贞子30克、甘草25克备用;
B、将步骤A配好的牛蒡子用清炒法炒制备用,将步骤A配好的酒女贞子用酒炙法蒸制备用;
C、将步骤A配好的石膏先煎半小时,后入步骤A配好的蝉蜕煎煮两次,每次2小时;合并煎液,将煎液浓缩至重量比的1/3得煎液浓缩液做粘合剂备用;
D、将步骤A配好的荆芥、防风、薄荷、葛根、升麻、栀子、黄柏、苦参、地黄、赤芍、紫草、连翘、大青叶、白鲜皮、当归、黄芪、甘草粉成细粉,混合均匀得混合药粉备用;
E、将步骤C煎液浓缩液并加蒸馏水作粘合剂到入步骤D制备的混合药粉,起模打成水丸,干燥、过筛分装即得。
服用方法:一天三次,一次6克;5天为一个疗程,2个疗程后观察疗效;治疗期间饮食清淡,忌辛辣刺激之品,忌烟酒、浓茶、咖啡,避免情绪刺激,避免冷热刺激,禁过度洗浴。
实施例2
A、按照所述重量份数比分别称取称取荆芥60克、防风60克、牛蒡子30克、蝉蜕55克、薄荷25克、葛根30克、升麻30克、石膏50克、栀子30克、黄柏30克、苦参50克、地黄25克、赤芍25克、紫草25克、连翘30克、大青叶30克、白鲜皮30克、当归30克、黄芪55克、酒女贞子25克、甘草30克备用;
B、将步骤A配好的牛蒡子用清炒法炒制备用,将步骤A配好的酒女贞子用酒炙法蒸制备用;
C、将步骤A配好的石膏先煎半小时,后入步骤A配好的蝉蜕煎煮两次,每次2小时;合并煎液,将煎液浓缩至重量比的2/5得煎液浓缩液做粘合剂备用;
D、将步骤A配好的荆芥、防风、薄荷、葛根、升麻、栀子、黄柏、苦参、地黄、赤芍、紫草、连翘、大青叶、白鲜皮、当归、黄芪、甘草粉成细粉,混合均匀得混合药粉备用;
E、将步骤C煎液浓缩液并加蒸馏水作粘合剂到入步骤D制备的混合药粉,起模打成水丸,干燥、过筛分装即得。
服用方法:一天三次,一次6克;5天为一个疗程,2个疗程后观察疗效;治疗期间饮食清淡,忌辛辣刺激之品,忌烟酒、浓茶、咖啡,避免情绪刺激,避免冷热刺激,禁过度洗浴。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物,其特征是,由下述重量份数比的原料组成:荆芥50-60、防风50-60、牛蒡子25-30、蝉蜕55-60、薄荷25-30、葛根25-30、升麻25-30、石膏50-60、栀子25-30、黄柏25-30、苦参50-60、地黄25-30、赤芍25-30、紫草25-30、连翘25-30、大青叶25-30、白鲜皮20-30、当归25-30、黄芪55-60、酒女贞子25-30、甘草25-30。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物,其特征是,其原料药组成为:荆芥60、防风60、牛蒡子30、蝉蜕55、薄荷25、葛根30、升麻30、石膏50、栀子30、黄柏30、苦参50、地黄25、赤芍25、紫草25、连翘30、大青叶30、白鲜皮30、当归30、黄芪55、酒女贞子25、甘草30。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述一种治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物,其特征是:所述治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服药物为中药丸剂。
4.如权利要求3所述治疗血热风噪型皮肤病的内服中药丸剂的制备方法,其特征是:包括下述步骤:
A、按照所述重量份数比称取各原料备用;
B、将步骤A配好的牛蒡子用清炒法炒制备用,将步骤A配好的酒女贞子用酒炙法蒸制备用;
C、将步骤A配好的石膏先煎半小时,后入步骤A配好的蝉蜕煎煮两次,每次2小时;合并煎液,将煎液浓缩至重量比的1/3-2/5得煎液浓缩液做粘合剂备用;
D、将步骤A配好的荆芥、防风、薄荷、葛根、升麻、栀子、黄柏、苦参、地黄、赤芍、紫草、连翘、大青叶、白鲜皮、当归、黄芪、甘草粉成细粉,混合均匀得混合药粉备用;
E、将步骤C煎液浓缩液并加蒸馏水作粘合剂到入步骤D制备的混合药粉,起模打成水丸,干燥、过筛分装即得。
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