CN111226937A - Application and method of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases - Google Patents

Application and method of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases Download PDF

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CN111226937A
CN111226937A CN202010142019.5A CN202010142019A CN111226937A CN 111226937 A CN111226937 A CN 111226937A CN 202010142019 A CN202010142019 A CN 202010142019A CN 111226937 A CN111226937 A CN 111226937A
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pentacyclic triterpene
oleanane
solution
soaking
compound
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CN111226937B (en
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周学永
付荣霞
董建萍
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Shaanxi Normal University
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Tianjin Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings

Abstract

The invention relates to application of an oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases and a method for preventing and treating the crop fungal diseases by using the same. The invention improves the resistance of crops to fungal diseases by soaking seeds before sowing or soaking roots before transplanting or spraying leaves after transplanting instead of utilizing the direct bacteriostatic action of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpenoid, and finally achieves the aim of disease resistance. More importantly, the prevention and treatment method provided by the invention can achieve the purpose of reducing the diseases only by applying the pesticide once before planting, thereby greatly reducing the prevention and treatment cost of the conventional pesticide.

Description

Application and method of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection, and particularly relates to an application and a method of an oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in the aspect of preventing and treating fungal diseases of crops.
Background
Oleanane type also called β -amyrin type, belongs to pentacyclic triterpenoid, which is widely distributed in plant and exists in free or saponin combined state3- β -OH, 5 thereofThe A/B, B/C, C/D rings in the six-membered ring are all trans, and most of the D/E rings are in cis arrangement. The saponin compound containing the pentacyclic triterpene parent nucleus has wide pharmacological action and important biological activity, has the effects of resisting inflammation, protecting liver, resisting virus, resisting tumor, resisting hypertension, resisting atherosclerosis, resisting arrhythmia, regulating lipid, reducing blood sugar and the like, and is concerned by people.
However, the oleanane pentacyclic triterpenoid is mainly applied to the field of medicines and is less applied to agriculture.
Through searching, no patent publication related to the present patent application has been found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the application of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in the aspect of preventing and treating the fungal diseases of crops and a method for preventing and treating the fungal diseases of the crops by using the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
application of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases.
The oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound comprises three structural types of a compound I, a compound II and a compound III, and the effective component is a mixture of one or more than two structural types, and the basic structural types are as follows:
Figure BDA0002399441010000021
Figure BDA0002399441010000031
wherein, R in the structure of the compound III1、R2、R3Represents different radicals, wherein R1Is OH, R2Is CH3Or CH2OH，R3Is CH3Or COOCH3。
Moreover, the fungal disease is potato early blight, tomato early blight, celery leaf spot disease or soybean root rot.
Moreover, the applications are:
seed soaking: soaking crop seeds in an oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution for 1.5-10 minutes; fishing out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 hours to sow;
and/or, transplanting and root soaking: cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in a pentacyclic triterpene compound solution, and maintaining for 1-5 minutes; taking out the seedlings after root soaking, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting;
and/or, transplanting spray: collecting the seedlings to be transplanted from a seedbed, and transplanting the seedlings according to a conventional method; after at least 1 day of field planting, putting the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution into a sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with a mist solution;
wherein the preparation steps of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution are as follows:
dissolving oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to prepare 0.5-10g/L oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene compound solution.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ soaking seeds, soaking the seeds in the solution of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene for 1.5-10 min, taking out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 h to obtain the final product.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ transplanting and soaking the roots, cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in the solution of pentacyclic triterpene compounds for 1-5 minutes, taking out the seedlings after root soaking, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ transplanting and spraying, collecting the seedling from seedbed, transplanting by conventional method, planting for at least 1 day, spraying oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution in sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with mist solution.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ soaking seeds, soaking the seeds in the solution of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene for 1.5-10 min, taking out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 h to sow;
⑶ transplanting and soaking the roots, cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in the solution of pentacyclic triterpene compounds for 1-5 minutes, taking out the seedlings after soaking the roots, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting;
⑷ transplanting and spraying, collecting the seedling from seedbed, transplanting by conventional method, planting for at least 1 day, spraying oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution in sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with mist solution.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention provides an application of an oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in the aspect of preventing and treating crop fungal diseases and a method for preventing and treating the crop fungal diseases by using the same.
The fungal diseases mainly refer to potato early blight, tomato early blight, celery leaf spot, soybean root rot and other fungal diseases.
2. The invention provides a method for preventing and treating fungal diseases by using oleanane pentacyclic triterpenoid, which improves the resistance of crops to fungal diseases by soaking seeds before sowing or soaking roots before transplanting or spraying leaves after transplanting instead of using the direct bacteriostatic action of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpenoid, and finally achieves the aim of disease resistance. More importantly, the prevention and treatment method provided by the invention can achieve the purpose of reducing the diseases only by applying the pesticide once before planting, thereby greatly reducing the prevention and treatment cost of the conventional pesticide.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and not limitation, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Application of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases.
Preferably, the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound comprises three structure types of a compound I, a compound II and a compound III, the effective component is a mixture of one or more than two structure types, and the basic structure types are as follows:
Figure BDA0002399441010000051
Figure BDA0002399441010000061
wherein, R in the structure of the compound III1、R2、R3Represents different radicals, wherein R1Is OH, R2Is CH3Or CH2OH，R3Is CH3Or COOCH3。
Preferably, the fungal disease is potato early blight, tomato early blight, celery leaf spot disease or soybean root rot.
Preferably, the application is:
seed soaking: soaking crop seeds in an oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution for 1.5-10 minutes; fishing out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 hours to sow;
and/or, transplanting and root soaking: cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in a pentacyclic triterpene compound solution, and maintaining for 1-5 minutes; taking out the seedlings after root soaking, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting;
and/or, transplanting spray: collecting the seedlings to be transplanted from a seedbed, and transplanting the seedlings according to a conventional method; after at least 1 day of field planting, putting the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution into a sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with a mist solution;
wherein the preparation steps of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution are as follows:
dissolving oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to prepare 0.5-10g/L oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene compound solution.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ soaking seeds, soaking the seeds in the solution of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene for 1.5-10 min, taking out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 h to obtain the final product.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ transplanting and soaking the roots, cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in the solution of pentacyclic triterpene compounds for 1-5 minutes, taking out the seedlings after root soaking, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ transplanting and spraying, collecting the seedling from seedbed, transplanting by conventional method, planting for at least 1 day, spraying oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution in sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with mist solution.
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ soaking seeds, soaking the seeds in the solution of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene for 1.5-10 min, taking out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 h to sow;
⑶ transplanting and soaking the roots, cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in the solution of pentacyclic triterpene compounds for 1-5 minutes, taking out the seedlings after soaking the roots, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting;
⑷ transplanting and spraying, collecting the seedling from seedbed, transplanting by conventional method, planting for at least 1 day, spraying oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution in sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with mist solution.
More specifically, the preparation and detection are as follows:
example 1
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
taking the compound I, and preparing into 0.5 g/L solution and 1g/L solution by using distilled water respectively. Seed potatoes of the potatoes are cut into 3-4 cm square blocks, are respectively soaked in the compound I solution with two concentrations, are taken out after 1.5 minutes, and are naturally placed on the ground for 12 hours. In the chemical pesticide control test group, potato seed blocks are soaked in 80% mancozeb wettable powder (with the concentration of 0.8g/L) solution, taken out after 1.5 minutes, and naturally aired on the ground for 12 hours.
Sowing potato seed blocks in a flowerpot in a greenhouse, adding a proper amount of decomposed organic fertilizer as a culture medium into the cultivation medium which is turf, vermiculite and vegetable field soil (the ratio is 2:1:1), and performing conventional management. When 4-6 leaves grow out from the potato, the prepared potato early blight pathogenic spore (alternaria solani) suspension is uniformly brushed on the front and the back of the potato leaves by using a sterilizing brush. 10 days after inoculation, the control plants (which were not treated with Compound I and chemical pesticide) started to develop sufficient disease, at which time the treated plants were investigated for lesions, and the results are given in Table 1.
TABLE 1 prevention and treatment effects of oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpene Compounds on early blight of potato (seed soaking treatment)
Figure BDA0002399441010000081
a. b and c represent the statistical analysis results among different treatments, and the treatments without the same letter have significance.
As can be seen from Table 1, after the potato leaves are infected by pathogenic bacteria for 10 days, the disease index of the clear water contrast is 39.22, and after the potato leaves are treated by the compound I, the disease index is reduced to 14.94-16.85; after the pesticide (80% mancozeb wettable powder) is adopted for treatment, the disease index is reduced to 9.84. Compared with the clear water control, the disease index is obviously reduced after the compound I is treated, but is still higher than the disease index after the chemical pesticide is treated. After the treatment of the compound I, the control effect of the potato early blight is 57.03% -61.90%, and after the treatment of chemical pesticide (80% mancozeb wettable powder 0.8g/L), the control effect of the potato early blight is 74.91%.
The data show that although the control effect of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound (compound I) on potato early blight is lower than that of a chemical pesticide, the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound can still achieve higher control effect.
Example 2
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
taking the compound II, preparing into 0.5 g/L solution and 1g/L solution respectively by using distilled water for later use.
Tomato seeds are sowed in a seedling culture plate, and the seedling culture medium is turf and vermiculite (the ratio is 2: 1). When the seedling age of the tomato is 3-5 leaves, the tomato seedling is taken out, the culture medium substrate with the root adhered to the tomato seedling is carefully removed, and then the tomato seedling is immersed into the compound II solution (the concentration is 0.5 g/L and 1g/L respectively) for 2 minutes. Tomato seedlings which are controlled by chemical pesticides are soaked in 80% mancozeb wettable powder (with the concentration of 1.3g/L) solution for 2 minutes.
Taking out the tomato seedlings after root soaking, spreading the tomato seedlings on a straw mat, naturally standing for 0.5 hour, and transplanting the tomato seedlings into a flowerpot, wherein the culture medium is grass carbon, vermiculite and vegetable field soil (the ratio is 2:1: 1). After transplanting for 4 days, uniformly brushing the prepared tomato early blight pathogenic spore (alternaria solani) suspension on the front and back of the tomato leaves by using a sterilizing brush.
After 10 days of inoculation, when the control tomatoes (which were not treated with compound ii and chemical pesticide) developed sufficiently, the study of the disease of the treated plants was initiated and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 preventive effect of Compound II on tomato early blight (root soaking)
Figure BDA0002399441010000091
a. ab, c represent statistical analysis results between different treatments, with significance between treatments without the same letter.
As shown in Table 2, after the tomato leaves are infected by pathogenic bacteria for 10 days, the disease index of the clear water contrast is 48.06, and the disease index is 18.24-20.61 after the tomato leaves are treated by the compound II; after being treated by a chemical agent (80 percent mancozeb wettable powder), the disease index is 16.60. Compared with a clear water control, the morbidity index of the treated oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound (compound II) is obviously reduced, but still higher than the morbidity index of the treated chemical pesticide. After the treatment of the compound II, the control effect of the tomato early blight is 57.12-62.04%, and after the treatment of chemical pesticide (80% mancozeb wettable powder is 1.3g/L), the control effect of the potato early blight is 65.45%.
The data show that although the control effect of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound (compound II) on the early blight of the tomato is lower than that of a chemical pesticide, the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound still can obtain higher control effect.
Example 3
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
mixing the compound I and the compound II according to a ratio of 1:1, and preparing 0.5 g/L solution and 1g/L solution respectively by using distilled water for later use.
Tomato seeds are sowed in a seedling culture plate, and the seedling culture medium is turf and vermiculite (the ratio is 2: 1). And when the seedling age of the tomato is 3-5 leaves, taking out the tomato seedling and transplanting the tomato seedling into a flowerpot, wherein the culture medium is turf, vermiculite and vegetable field soil (the ratio is 2:1: 1). After transplanting for 1 day, spraying the tomato seedlings of the test group with a mixed solution of a compound I and a compound II to fully wet tomato leaves; the chemical pesticide control test group adopts 80% mancozeb wettable powder (concentration is 1.3g/L) for spray control. And (4) transplanting, uniformly brushing the prepared tomato early blight pathogenic spore (alternaria solani) suspension on the front and back of the tomato leaves by using a sterilizing brush.
After 10 days of inoculation, when the control tomatoes (clear water control group) had developed sufficiently, the study of the disease of the treated plants was started, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 controlling effect of mixed solution of compound I and compound II on tomato early blight (foliar spray)
Figure BDA0002399441010000101
a. b and c represent the statistical analysis results among different treatments, and the treatments without the same letter have significance.
As can be seen from Table 3, after the tomato leaves are infected by pathogenic bacteria for 10 days, the disease index of the clear water contrast is 50.35, and the disease index is 22.19-23.39 after the tomato leaves are treated by the mixed solution of the compound I and the compound II; after being treated by a chemical agent (80 percent mancozeb wettable powder), the disease index is 15.91. Compared with the clear water control, the disease index is obviously reduced after the treatment of the mixed solution of the compound I and the compound II, but is still higher than the disease index after the treatment of chemical pesticide. After the treatment of the mixed solution of the compound I and the compound II, the control effect of the tomato early blight is 53.54-55.95%, and after the treatment of the chemical pesticide (80% mancozeb wettable powder is 1.3g/L), the control effect of the potato early blight is 68.40%.
The data show that although the control effect of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound (the mixture of the compound I and the compound II) on the tomato early blight is lower than that of a chemical pesticide, the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound can still achieve higher control effect.
Example 4
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
the compound III is extracted from Kochia scoparia seeds and mainly comprises three chemical substances, namely: r1Is OH, R2Is CH3，R3Is CH3(ii) a A second substance: r1Is OH, R2Is CH2OH，R3Is CH3；
A third substance: r1Is OH, R2Is CH2OH，R3Is COOCH3。
Compound III was prepared as a 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0g/L solution with distilled water, respectively.
Before test, 15000kg/hm decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to soil2Applying 300kg/hm of compound fertilizer during sowing2. Spreading celery seeds on the seedbed, and covering with a film. When 3-4 true leaves of the celery seedlings are needed, the celery seedlings are picked, soil adhered to the roots of the celery seedlings is carefully removed, and then the celery seedlings are respectively immersed into the compound III solution (the concentration is 1.0g/L, 2.0g/L and 3.0g/L) for 1-2 minutes. In a test group with chemical pesticide control, celery seedlings are soaked in a mancozeb wettable powder (with the concentration of 1.0g/L) solution for 1-2 minutes.
And taking out the celery seedlings after root soaking, placing the celery seedlings on the ground, naturally standing for 0.5 hour, transplanting the celery seedlings into a field, and planting the celery seedlings in three rows in a single ridge, wherein the row spacing is 20cm multiplied by 25 cm. After 3 days of field planting, the suspension of the pathogenic bacteria of the celery leaf spot (Cercospora apii) is uniformly sprayed on the stem and leaf parts of the celery seedlings by a sprayer. After that, the occurrence of the leaf spot of each treated celery is investigated 55 days after the permanent planting according to the conventional management, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 field efficacy of Compound III on leaf spot of celery
Figure BDA0002399441010000111
a. b and c represent the statistical analysis results among different treatments, and the treatments without the same letter have significance.
As can be seen from Table 4, the control effect of compound III on the leaf spot of celery increases with the increase of the concentration, when the test concentrations of compound III are respectively 1.0g/L, 2.0g/L and 3.0g/L, the disease indexes of the leaf spot of celery are respectively 1.67, 1.28 and 1.03, and the disease index of the clear water control is 2.13. When the test concentration of the compound III is increased from 1.0g/L to 3.0g/L, the control effect of the celery leaf spot is increased from 21.49% to 52.12%, wherein when the test concentration reaches 2.0g/L and 3.0g/L, the control effect is obvious, and the control effect is gradually close to that of mancozeb wettable powder (54.94%); when the concentration of the compound III is 3g/L, the control effect of the compound III is not obviously different from that of the control medicament which is treated by 80 percent mancozeb wettable powder (1.0 g/L).
Example 5
A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases (soybean root rot) by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of compound iii: the compound III is extracted from Kochia scoparia seeds and mainly comprises three chemical substances, namely: r1Is OH, R2Is CH3，R3Is CH3(ii) a A second substance: r1Is OH, R2Is CH2OH，R3Is CH3(ii) a A third substance: r1Is OH, R2Is CH2OH，R3Is COOCH3。
Compound III was prepared into solutions of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0g/L with distilled water, respectively, for use.
(2) Preparation of root rot infection source: inoculating Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum) which is a pathogenic bacterium of root rot to sterilized sorghum rice, putting into a sterile bottle, covering, and shaking thoroughly. Opening the cover, placing in an ultra-clean workbench at room temperature for 5-7 days until hypha of the root rot disease appears obviously, and covering the cover for later use.
(3) Soybean seed treatment: soaking soybean seeds in 1.0g/L, 2.0g/L and 4.0g/L compound III solution respectively, taking out after 2 minutes, and naturally airing for 1-12 hours for later use.
(4) Sowing and cultivating: the experiment was run in 5 treatments (including controls) with 3 replicates per treatment for 15 cells in a randomized block arrangement. Area of 10m per cell2. Sowing soybean seeds in soil holes according to a conventional method, uniformly mixing sorghum rice carrying root rot germs and landfill soil according to a ratio of 1:10, and then burying the soybeans in the soil holes. And thereafter managed in a conventional manner.
(5) And (3) counting the morbidity: after soybean seedlings emerge for 25 days, the incidence of the soybean seedlings is counted, and the results are listed in Table 5.
TABLE 5 field control of Soybean root rot by pentacyclic triterpene Compounds (Compound III)
Figure BDA0002399441010000121
As can be seen from Table 5, after the soybeans are sown for 25 days, root rot occurs in each treatment, wherein the disease index of the clear water control plant is 60.0, and after the soybean is treated by the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound (compound III), the disease index is reduced to 22.2-37.9, and the disease incidence is reduced to a certain extent. According to the analysis of the control effect, when the using concentration of the compound III is changed between 1.0 and 4.0g/L, the higher the concentration is, the better the control effect is.
The data show that the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound has a certain prevention and treatment effect on soybean root rot.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed.

Claims (8)

1. Application of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds in preventing and treating crop fungal diseases.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound comprises three structure types of a compound I, a compound II and a compound III, the effective component is a mixture of one or more than two structure types, and the basic structure types are as follows:
Figure FDA0002399438000000011
Figure FDA0002399438000000021
wherein, R in the structure of the compound III1、R2、R3Represents different radicals, wherein R1Is OH, R2Is CH3Or CH2OH，R3Is CH3Or COOCH3。
3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fungal disease is potato early blight, tomato early blight, celery leaf spot disease or soybean root rot.
4. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the application is as follows:
seed soaking: soaking crop seeds in an oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution for 1.5-10 minutes; fishing out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 hours to sow;
and/or, transplanting and root soaking: cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in a pentacyclic triterpene compound solution, and maintaining for 1-5 minutes; taking out the seedlings after root soaking, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting;
and/or, transplanting spray: collecting the seedlings to be transplanted from a seedbed, and transplanting the seedlings according to a conventional method; after at least 1 day of field planting, putting the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution into a sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with a mist solution;
wherein the preparation steps of the oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution are as follows:
dissolving oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to prepare 0.5-10g/L oleanane type pentacyclic triterpene compound solution.
5. A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ soaking seeds, soaking the seeds in the solution of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene for 1.5-10 min, taking out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 h to obtain the final product.
6. A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ transplanting and soaking the roots, cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in the solution of pentacyclic triterpene compounds for 1-5 minutes, taking out the seedlings after root soaking, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting.
7. A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ transplanting and spraying, collecting the seedling from seedbed, transplanting by conventional method, planting for at least 1 day, spraying oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution in sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with mist solution.
8. A method for preventing and treating crop fungal diseases by utilizing oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compounds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
⑴ preparing solution by dissolving oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound in water to obtain 0.5-10g/L oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution;
⑵ soaking seeds, soaking the seeds in the solution of oleanane pentacyclic triterpene for 1.5-10 min, taking out the soaked seeds, and naturally airing for 1-15 h to sow;
⑶ transplanting and soaking the roots, cleaning the roots of the seedlings to be transplanted, soaking the roots of the seedlings in the solution of pentacyclic triterpene compounds for 1-5 minutes, taking out the seedlings after soaking the roots, naturally airing for 0.5-4 hours, and transplanting and planting;
⑷ transplanting and spraying, collecting the seedling from seedbed, transplanting by conventional method, planting for at least 1 day, spraying oleanane pentacyclic triterpene compound solution in sprayer, and spraying the seedling leaves with mist solution.
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