CN111226679A - Out-of-season cultivation method for phyllanthus emblica - Google Patents
Out-of-season cultivation method for phyllanthus emblica Download PDFInfo
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- CN111226679A CN111226679A CN202010189197.3A CN202010189197A CN111226679A CN 111226679 A CN111226679 A CN 111226679A CN 202010189197 A CN202010189197 A CN 202010189197A CN 111226679 A CN111226679 A CN 111226679A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses an out-of-season cultivation method for phyllanthus emblica, and belongs to the field of crop cultivation. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a medium-early-maturing fresh-eating emblic leafflower variety, reducing water and fertilizer input to control tree vigor after first fruit harvesting, spraying a medicament on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months for 1 time of treatment, and spraying the leaf surfaces with ethephon and/or paclobutrazol until the leaves are wet, so that the leaves completely fall off, and branches are promoted to germinate and sprout; 2) when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, applying the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer for 1 time at the root, and applying the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer for 1 time respectively after the root grows to the root; 3) when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, a white transparent film is used for covering the tree body, and the second crop of fruits is ripe and harvested from 2 late months to 3 months end in the next year. The invention solves the problem of flowering and fruit setting in out-of-season cultivation, breaks through the restriction of natural environment on the growth of the phyllanthus emblica by drug regulation, leads the second-crop fruits to be mature in the spring festival period, and realizes out-of-season production and twice harvesting in one year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to an out-of-season cultivation method for phyllanthus emblica.
Technical Field
Phyllanthus emblica L, also known as Phyllanthus emblica, is a deciduous tree or shrub of the genus Phyllanthus of the family Euphorbiaceae. The emblic leafflower fruit serving as a medicine and food dual-purpose fruit is listed in a list of 'being food and medicine' by the nation, is also specified as one of three health-care plants popularized and planted all over the world by the health organization of the United nations, and has wide application prospects in the fields of food processing, medicines, cosmetics and the like.
The emblic leafflower fruit belongs to tropical subtropical tree species, is mainly distributed in the areas of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan and the like in China, and the commercial cultivation is mainly distributed in the provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and the like. At present, the traditional extensive cultivation is mainly used for the phyllanthus emblica, and the management technology is relatively laggard. Under normal cultivation conditions, slight bud formation begins to occur from the middle and last ten days of branch 2 months to the last ten days of March, the flowering phase generally ranges from 3 to 4 months, and the fruiting phase is 7-11 months. The harvesting periods of different varieties in each region are relatively concentrated, so that the market selling pressure is caused, and the economic benefit is low; and can be harvested only once a year.
At present, no research report on the out-of-season cultivation of phyllanthus emblica is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an off-season cultivation method of phyllanthus emblica, which solves the problems of flowering and fruit setting of the off-season cultivation of the phyllanthus emblica and the like, breaks through the limitation of the natural environment on the growth of the phyllanthus emblica through medicine regulation and control, can ensure that two crops of fruits begin to mature in the spring festival period, and realizes the production of the off-season phyllanthus emblica and twice harvesting in one year. .
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an out-of-season cultivation method of phyllanthus emblica comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a medium-early-maturing fresh-eating emblic leafflower variety, reducing water and fertilizer input after first fruit harvesting to control tree vigor, carrying out 1-time treatment of spraying a medicine on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months, and uniformly spraying the leaf surfaces to be moist by using ethephon and/or paclobutrazol to enable the leaves to fall off completely and promote branches to sprout and sprout;
2) when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, applying the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer to the root for 1 time, and applying the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer to the root for 1 time respectively after the root is fruited;
3) when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, covering the tree body with a white transparent film, and harvesting after 2 to 3 months of late year.
Step 1), the ethephon use concentration is 200-800 ppm, preferably 400 ppm; the using concentration of the paclobutrazol is 0-800 ppm, preferably 400 ppm; ethephon can be used independently; the ethephon and paclobutrazol are diluted with clear water. The purpose of using the ethephon and the paclobutrazol is to break the season limitation of normal flowering and fruiting of the emblic leafflower fruit, so that the leaves of branches completely fall off, and new shoots and buds are forced to appear.
And 2) applying less than or equal to 0.5kg of compound fertilizer and 5-10kg of organic fertilizer to the roots of each plant.
And 3) covering the tree body with the white transparent film in order to adjust the temperature and prevent fruit drop caused by low temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the method, the season limitation of normal flowering and fruiting of the emblic leafflower fruits is broken through regulation and control of medicaments such as ethephon and paclobutrazol, leaves fall in 9 months, buds appear slightly after being extracted at the bottom of 9 months, flowering and fruiting begin in 10 months, and fruits are ripe and harvested from the middle and last ten days to the bottom of 3 months in the second year, so that the purposes of coming into the market in an out-of-season manner and avoiding a peak of sale are achieved, and meanwhile, harvesting can be performed twice in one year, so that the annual yield can be improved, and the income can be.
2. The early-medium-maturing fresh-eating phyllanthus emblica variety can only harvest fruits once in 6-9 months in a year under normal cultivation conditions, and the annual yield per mu is about 2000 kg; by adopting the out-of-season cultivation technology, the method can be used for harvesting once in 2-3 months and 6-9 months each year, the yield per mu in 2 months is about 1500kg, the yield per mu in 9 months is 2000kg, the annual yield is 3500kg in total, and the annual yield is improved by about 1500kg compared with the annual yield of normal cultivation measures.
Detailed Description
For a further elaboration of the invention claimed, reference will now be made to the following detailed description.
Example 1
Selecting a variety of the early-maturing fresh food emblic leafflower fruits, and harvesting the ripe fruits of the first time in the middle ten days of 6 months to 9 months, wherein the yield per mu is about 2000 kg; and (3) carrying out-of-season two-crop fruit cultivation after the first fruit harvest: after the first fruit harvesting, reducing water and fertilizer input to control tree vigor, carrying out 1-time treatment of spraying medicines on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months, breaking the season limitation of normal flowering and fruit bearing of the emblic leafflower through 400ppm ethephon and 400ppm paclobutrazol, enabling branch leaves to completely fall off, and forcing the emergence of new buds and bud; when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, irrigating the root with rich water for 1 time; after fruiting, applying compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer to the roots for 1 time respectively; when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, covering the tree body with a white transparent film to adjust the temperature, and preventing fruit drop caused by low temperature; the second crop of fruits is ripe and harvested from 2 late months to 3 months end of the next year. The fruit retention amount of the second crop fruits is about 1500kg per mu.
Example 2
Selecting a variety of early-maturing fresh food emblic leafflower fruits, and harvesting mature fruits in the middle ten days of 6-9 months for the first time; and (3) carrying out-of-season two-crop fruit cultivation after the first fruit harvest: after the first fruit harvesting, reducing water and fertilizer input to control tree vigor, carrying out 1-time treatment of spraying medicines on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months, breaking the season limitation of normal flowering and fruit bearing of the emblic leafflower through 200ppm ethephon and 800ppm paclobutrazol, enabling branch leaves to completely fall off, and forcing the emergence of new buds and bud; when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, irrigating the root with rich water for 1 time; after fruiting, applying compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer to the roots for 1 time respectively; when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, covering the tree body with a white transparent film to adjust the temperature, and preventing fruit drop caused by low temperature; the second crop of fruits is ripe and harvested from 2 late months to 3 months end of the next year.
Example 3
Selecting a variety of early-maturing fresh food emblic leafflower fruits, and harvesting mature fruits in the middle ten days of 6-9 months for the first time; and (3) carrying out-of-season two-crop fruit cultivation after the first fruit harvest: after the first fruit harvesting, reducing water and fertilizer input to control tree vigor, carrying out 1-time treatment of spraying medicines on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months, breaking the season limitation of normal flowering and fruit bearing of the emblic leafflower through 800ppm ethephon and 200ppm paclobutrazol, enabling branch leaves to completely fall off, and forcing the emergence of new buds and bud; when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, irrigating the root with rich water for 1 time; after fruiting, applying compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer to the roots for 1 time respectively; when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, covering the tree body with a white transparent film to adjust the temperature, and preventing fruit drop caused by low temperature; the second crop of fruits is ripe and harvested from 2 late months to 3 months end of the next year.
Example 4
Selecting a variety of early-maturing fresh food emblic leafflower fruits, and harvesting mature fruits in the middle ten days of 6-9 months for the first time; and (3) carrying out-of-season two-crop fruit cultivation after the first fruit harvest: after the first fruit harvesting, reducing water and fertilizer input to control tree vigor, carrying out 1-time treatment of spraying medicines on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months, breaking the season limitation of normal flowering and fruit bearing of the emblic leafflower fruit by 400ppm ethephon, completely dropping branches and leaves, and forcing to sprout and have buds; when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, irrigating the root with rich water for 1 time; after fruiting, applying compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer to the roots for 1 time respectively; when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, covering the tree body with a white transparent film to adjust the temperature, and preventing fruit drop caused by low temperature; the second crop of fruits is ripe and harvested from 2 late months to 3 months end of the next year.
Claims (6)
1. An out-of-season cultivation method of phyllanthus emblica is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a medium-early-maturing fresh-eating emblic leafflower variety, reducing water and fertilizer input after first fruit harvesting to control tree vigor, carrying out 1-time treatment of spraying a medicine on leaf surfaces in the middle ten days of 9 months, and uniformly spraying the leaf surfaces to be moist by using ethephon and/or paclobutrazol to enable the leaves to fall off completely and promote branches to sprout and sprout;
2) when the new tip grows to 5-10cm and axillary flower buds appear, applying the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer to the root for 1 time, and applying the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer to the root for 1 time respectively after the root is fruited;
3) when the lowest temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃, a white transparent film is used for covering the tree body, and the second crop of fruits is ripe and harvested from 2 late months to 3 months end in the next year.
2. The out-of-season phyllanthus emblica cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the ethephon concentration in step 1) is 200 to 800 ppm.
3. The out-of-season Phyllanthus emblica cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the paclobutrazol is used in the step 1) at a concentration of 0 to 800 ppm.
4. The method for out-of-season cultivation of phyllanthus emblica according to claim 1, wherein the ethephon use concentration of step 1) is 400 ppm.
5. The out-of-season phyllanthus emblica cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the ethephon is used at a concentration of 400ppm and paclobutrazol is used at a concentration of 400ppm in step 1).
6. The out-of-season phyllanthus emblica cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the amount of the compound fertilizer applied to the roots of each plant is less than or equal to 0.5kg, and the amount of the organic fertilizer applied to the roots of each plant is 5-10 kg.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113767807A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-10 | 保山市林业和草原技术推广站(保山市林业和草原科学研究所) | Phyllanthus emblica cultivation method |
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2020
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113767807A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-10 | 保山市林业和草原技术推广站(保山市林业和草原科学研究所) | Phyllanthus emblica cultivation method |
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