CN111225748A - 全塑料阻水泵 - Google Patents

全塑料阻水泵 Download PDF

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CN111225748A
CN111225748A CN201980001831.1A CN201980001831A CN111225748A CN 111225748 A CN111225748 A CN 111225748A CN 201980001831 A CN201980001831 A CN 201980001831A CN 111225748 A CN111225748 A CN 111225748A
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pump
fluid
rod
piston
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A·阿米纳克
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A Aminake
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/04—Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls
    • F16K15/048—Ball features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1023—Piston pumps having an outlet valve opened by deformation or displacement of the piston relative to its actuating stem
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1023—Piston pumps having an outlet valve opened by deformation or displacement of the piston relative to its actuating stem
    • B05B11/1025—Piston pumps having an outlet valve opened by deformation or displacement of the piston relative to its actuating stem a spring urging the outlet valve in its closed position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1059—Means for locking a pump or its actuation means in a fixed position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1073—Springs
    • B05B11/1077—Springs characterised by a particular shape or material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/14—Pumps characterised by muscle-power operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/04—Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls
    • F16K15/044—Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls spring-loaded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1043—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container
    • B05B11/1046—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container the pump chamber being arranged substantially coaxially to the neck of the container
    • B05B11/1047—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container the pump chamber being arranged substantially coaxially to the neck of the container the pump being preassembled as an independent unit before being mounted on the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1061—Pump priming means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1066—Pump inlet valves
    • B05B11/1067—Pump inlet valves actuated by pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1073—Springs
    • B05B11/1074—Springs located outside pump chambers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种完全由塑料部件制成的阻水手动泵。泵包括泵壳体、致动器、活塞、芯撑、杆和泵弹簧，其中泵弹簧呈由弹性体聚合物制成的弹性圆顶的形式。全塑料手动泵适用于从分配器瓶中分配液体和乳膏。废旧泵不需要拆卸而回收。

Description

全塑料阻水泵
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年8月29日提交的名称为“全塑料手动泵(AllPlasticHandPump)”的美国临时申请序列号62/724491和于2018年12月19日提交的名称为“全塑料阻水泵(AllPlasticWaterResistantPump)”的美国发明专利申请序列号16/225,842的权益，所述专利申请通过援引并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于分配流体的液体分配泵，具体地涉及一种由全塑料部件制成的手动操作的分配泵。
背景技术
手动操作的分配泵在个人护理行业中是众所周知的，用于分配诸如液体和乳膏的流体产品。目前可用的大多数手动泵由塑料制成，但至少包括金属压缩弹簧，以使泵致动器在被压下之后返回到其起始位置。通常，手动操作的分配泵在销售之前预先安装在填充流体的容器上，并且当容器的内容物耗尽时与容器一起丢弃。泵通常不意在被重复使用。尽管使用金属复位弹簧的泵有效地工作，并且制造成本相对低，但它们具有某些缺点。特别是，通常用于这种泵的钢制压缩弹簧可能使要分配的产品遭受铁锈污染。现有技术的手动泵的通气口通常位于芯撑处或周围，这是经常溅水的位置，因此可能使要分配的产品遭受水污染。另外，由于含有金属部件，所以现有技术的手动泵难以回收。
通过研磨或粉碎零件来回收塑料零件。然后通常可以通过熔化粉碎的材料并将其与新塑料混合而重复使用粉碎的材料。为了适合用于研磨或粉碎，废旧塑料必须不含任何金属零件。在回收构成泵主体的塑料材料之前，使用金属复位弹簧或任何金属部件的手动泵必须被拆卸以移除金属部件。在回收之前需要拆卸废旧手动泵以移除金属部件会增加成本并且具有降低废旧手动泵作为再生塑料源的可取性的效应。因此，本领域需要一种由全塑料部件制成的手动泵。这种泵在被研磨或粉碎用作再生塑料之前不需要拆卸。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种完全由塑料材料制成的新型手动泵设计而满足本领域的长期需求。本发明的全塑料手动泵消除了由于现有技术的手动泵中常见的钢制压缩弹簧生锈而使要分配的产品遭受的潜在污染，并且易于回收。全塑料泵还采用新型通气口构造，该构造将泵通气口定位在致动器正下方。与通常将通气口定位在芯撑处的传统手动泵相比，这种新设计显著增加了阻水程度。本发明的通气口设计降低了要分配的产品遭受水污染的可能性。
泵的主要部件包括：泵体，该泵体具有中空内部，其中，该中空内部呈圆柱形孔的形式；芯撑，该芯撑设置在该泵体的上端；中空杆，该中空杆具有上端和下端。杆部分地设置在泵体的内部内，并由形成在芯撑中的孔支撑。手动泵还包括具有喷嘴的致动器，其中致动器具有中央通道，该中央通道具有上端和下端。致动器的中央通道的上端与喷嘴处于流体连通，并且中央通道的下端与中空杆的上端处于流体连通。中空杆的下端与泵体的内部处于选择性流体连通。
手动泵进一步包括活塞，该活塞被配置成可滑动地附连到杆的底部并且由副杆约束，使得在泵的下冲程中，活塞沿着杆向上移动足以允许流体进入空心杆，并且在上冲程中，活塞向下移动并密封抵靠副杆，从而防止流体进入中空杆。活塞的外径与泵体的内孔滑动配合。用作压缩弹簧的弹性圆顶弹簧设置在致动器与芯撑之间。
泵体的下端被配置成接纳球形止回阀。汲取管设置在泵体下端的孔中，并且经由止回球与泵体的中空内部和包含要分配的流体或乳膏的容器处于选择性流体连通。
本发明的全塑料手动泵如下操作：(1)在第一下冲程中，当致动器被压下时，活塞抬离副杆，在杆上向上滑动，从而允许空气进入杆并穿过喷嘴逸出。同时，止回球阀关闭，由此防止流体进入泵体。(2)在第一上冲程中，活塞相对于杆向下滑动并且密封抵靠副杆，由此防止流体进入杆，同时，球形止回阀打开，由此产生将流体吸入泵体的吸力。(3)在第二下冲程时，活塞再次抬离副杆，由此允许流体进入杆，同时球形止回阀关闭，使得泵体中的流体被迫进入杆并流出喷嘴。(4)在第二上冲程时，活塞再次相对于杆向下滑动并且密封抵靠副杆，从而防止流体进入杆，同时，球形止回阀打开并吸取新的流体流进入泵体。
每次随后压下致动器时，重复步骤(3)和(4)的功能。在所有操作期间，泵的弹性圆顶弹簧用作压缩弹簧并在上冲程时提供向上驱动活塞所需的力。
下文将更详细地描述本发明的全塑料手动泵的上述和其他优点。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的手动泵的透视图。
图2是图1的手动泵的截面视图，示出了泵的致动器处于其正常或完全伸出位置。
图3是图1的手动泵的截面视图，示出了泵与致动器处于下冲程，即处于部分压下位置。
图4是图1的手动泵的截面视图，示出了泵与致动器处于上冲程。
图5是图1的手动泵的弹性弹簧的截面视图。
图6是图1的手动泵的弹性弹簧的俯视平面图。
图7是图1的手动泵的芯撑的截面视图。
图8是图1的手动泵的芯撑的俯视平面图。
图9是图1的手动泵的芯撑的仰视平面图。
图10是图1的手动泵的杆的前视图。
图11是图1的手动泵的杆的截面视图。
图12是图1的手动泵的杆的仰视图。
图13是图1的手动泵的杆的俯视图。
图14是图1的手动泵的致动器的截面视图。
图15是本发明的手动泵的杆和芯撑的截面视图，示出了杆设置在芯撑内处于解锁位置。该视图对应于沿图8的芯撑的线15-15截取的截面视图。
图16是本发明的手动泵的杆和芯撑的截面视图，示出了杆设置在芯撑内处于锁定位置。该视图对应于沿图8的芯撑的线16-16截取的截面视图。
具体实施方式
现在将在下文参考附图更全面地描述本发明，在这些附图中示出了本发明的优选实施例。然而，本发明可以通过许多不同形式实施并且不应解释为限于在此阐述的这些实施例。而是，提供这些实施例以使得本披露内容将是透彻且完整的，并且将本发明的范围充分地传达给本领域的技术人员。相同的数字始终指代相同的元件。
对零部件的描述
参考图1至图16，本发明的手动泵10包括致动器12、弹性圆顶弹簧16、芯撑18、封盖20、中空杆24、活塞26、副杆28、泵体30和止回阀58。通常，手动泵10还包括汲取管36，其中汲取管36与分配器容器40的内部容积41处于流体连通。
泵体30是大致中空的圆柱形主体、具有内部容积32。泵体在上端66处开口。泵体30包括至少一个通气口108，其在手动泵10的操作循环期间的某些时间将分配器容器40的内部容积41通入大气。捕获式地保持止回球60的止回阀58一体地形成在泵体30的下端62处。管部分64在止回阀58下方延伸，管部分被配置为接收汲取管36的端部。
现在参考图1至图4和图7至图9，芯撑18设置在泵体30的开口上端66内。芯撑18包括具有唇部70的大致圆柱形的主体部68。芯撑18被配置成装配在泵体30内，其中芯撑的唇部70抵接泵体30的上端66。芯撑进一步包括中空的圆柱形部分74，该中空的圆柱形部分用于可滑动地接收杆24。
现在参考图1至图13，杆24具有管状主体82，该管状主体具有开口上端80和开口下端78以及内部流动通道76。杆24在其上端80处包括至少一个通气口110，其中至少一个通气口110将泵体容积32的在活塞26的高度上方的部分通入大气。也就是说，通气口110允许空气穿过杆24与弹性圆顶弹簧16之间的间隙并离开或进入大气。杆24可滑动地设置穿过弹性弹簧16的上开口54和芯撑的中空圆柱形部分74并延伸到泵体30的内部。杆24的下端78被配置成可滑动地接收活塞26。副杆28连接到杆24并且悬挂在活塞26正下方。副杆28具有圆形密封表面86，其选择性地与活塞26的圆形密封轮缘88接合。
杆24、活塞26和副杆28配置为使得在泵10的下冲程中，活塞26在杆24上向上滑动预定距离，使得活塞26的圆形密封轮缘88上升离开副杆28的圆形密封表面86。活塞26相对于杆24和副杆28的这种向上运动允许包含在泵体30的内部容积32中的空气或要分配的流体进入杆24的内部流动通道76。
类似地，在泵10的上冲程中，活塞26在杆24上向下滑动预定距离，使得活塞26的圆形密封轮缘88密封抵靠副杆28的圆形密封表面86。活塞26相对于杆24和副杆28的这种向下运动防止包含在泵体30的内部容积32中的要分配的流体进入杆24的内部流动通道76。
活塞26进一步包括外凸缘90，该外凸缘具有上密封边缘94和下密封边缘96且它们之间具有大致凹入的壁92。上密封边缘92和下密封边缘94密封抵靠中空圆柱形泵体30的内壁98。活塞26密封抵靠泵体30的内壁98允许活塞在泵体30的位于活塞下方的内部容积中在下冲程时产生压力并在上冲程时产生吸力。在下冲程时，活塞密封抵靠形成在杆24上的台阶121(参见图10)，以防止液体进入泵体30的内部容积32中高于活塞26高度的部分。
现在参考图1至图4、图13和图15，致动器12包括一体形成的喷嘴14，其具有流动通道15和一体形成的管状部42。管状部42具有上端44和下端46以及内部流动通道43。致动器12的管状部42的下端46设置在杆24的上端80(参见图15)内。
现在参考图1至图16，手动泵10的流动通道配置如下：喷嘴14的流动通道15与致动器12的管状部42的流动通道43处于流体连通。致动器12的管状部42的流动通道43与杆24的流动通道76处于流体连通。杆24的流动通道76又与泵体30的内部容积32处于流体连通，该内部容积经由汲取管36与分配器容器40的内容物处于流体连通。
参考图1至图6，在示例性实施例中，弹性圆顶弹簧16具有大致圆顶形的上部126和大致圆柱形或锥状圆柱形下部124，上部具有上开口54，下部具有下开口56。弹性圆顶弹簧16的上部126和下部124由内环125分开，内环一体地形成在弹性圆顶弹簧16中。下部124具有大致均匀的壁厚102，而上部126具有朝向上开口54渐缩的壁厚130。锥形壁厚128用于确保在致动器的下冲程期间弹性圆顶弹簧16的弯曲主要发生在圆顶形部分上。
具有内部通道53的中空圆柱形部分52从上开口54向下延伸到圆顶的内部。手动泵10被配置成使得弹性圆顶弹簧16设置在芯撑18与杆24的上表面106之间，致动器12的管状部42和杆24穿过弹性弹簧元件的内部通道53。弹性弹簧元件16的下开口56保持在芯撑18的凹槽100内，而上开口54抵接杆24的表面106。弹性圆顶弹簧16用作压缩弹簧。在示例性实施例中，弹性圆顶弹簧由聚酯弹性体制成。其他弹性材料也是合适的。
手动泵10进一步包括封盖20，该封盖设置在芯撑18与泵体30之间。封盖20通常配备有内螺纹122，用于通过配合螺纹附连到分配器容器。封盖与分配器容器的其他附连方式(比如卡扣配合或卡口配合)也是合适的。
全塑料手动泵的操作
参考图1至图4，本发明的全塑料手动泵10按照以下四个步骤操作：
(1)在第一下冲程中，当致动器12被压下时，活塞26抬离副杆28，在杆24上向上滑动，其中杆24的台阶121(参见图10)密封抵靠活塞26的上唇123(参见图4)，从而允许空气进入杆24的内部流动通道76并经由致动器12的内部流动通道43穿过喷嘴的内部流动通道15逸出。同时，位于泵体30的下端62的止回阀58关闭，由此防止流体进入泵体30。
(2)在第一上冲程中，活塞26相对于杆24向下滑动并且密封抵靠副杆28，由此防止流体进入杆24的内部流动通道76，同时，止回阀58由于压力差打开，由此产生将流体吸入泵体30中的吸力。
(3)在第二下冲程中，活塞26再次抬离副杆28，并且杆24的台阶121密封抵靠活塞26的上唇123(参见图4)，由此允许流体进入杆24的内部流动通道76，而同时止回阀58由于泵体中的压力增加而关闭，使得泵体30中的流体被迫进入杆24的内部流动通道76并经由致动器12的内部流动通道43从喷嘴14的内部流动通道15流出，致动器的内部流动通道将杆的内部流动通道76与喷嘴的内部流动通道15进行连接。
(4)在第二上冲程中，活塞26再次相对于杆24向下滑动并且密封抵靠副杆28，从而防止流体进入杆24的内部流动通道76，同时，止回阀58打开并且新的流体流被吸入泵体30中。此后，只要手动泵10连续操作，就重复进行步骤(3)和(4)。
参考图1至图4、图6至图12、图14和图15，本发明的手动泵10还包括泵锁定特征，当手动泵10处于锁定状况时，该泵锁定特征防止意味着致动器12压下的泵操作。锁定特征包括从杆24延伸的纵向肋112。纵向肋112在芯撑18中的引导装置内滑动，其中引导装置包括形成在芯撑18中的通槽114。在解锁位置上，杆24在泵的操作期间在芯撑内往复运动，其中杆24经由杆24的纵向肋112和芯撑18的通槽114定位和引导。
当手动泵10停置且致动器12处于向上位置时，手动泵10可以处于锁定位置。当致动器12处于向上位置时，杆24接近其行程的末端。在该位置上，杆24的纵向肋112离开芯撑的通槽114。当纵向肋112已经离开通槽114时，杆24可以顺时针旋转。杆24的顺时针旋转使得纵向肋112的基部120沿着芯撑18的凸台116滑动。当纵向肋112顺时针旋转时，基部120从凸台116滑落并落入形成在芯撑18中的浅深度槽118中，由此防止进一步旋转。浅深度槽118防止致动器12的下压并因此防止手动泵10的操作。为了解锁手动泵10，致动器12逆时针旋转，这使得纵向肋112逆时针旋转并向上移出浅深度槽118并进入通槽114，从而可以产生手动泵10的操作。
全塑料手动泵的通气
参考图1至图4、图6至图12，本发明的全塑料手动泵10配备有形成在泵体30中的至少一个通气口108，该至少一个通气口允许泵体30的内部容积32在活塞26的高度上方的部分与分配器容器40的内部容积41之间处于气体连通。全塑料手动泵10还包括形成在杆24中的至少一个通气口110，该至少一个通气口允许泵体30的内部容积32在活塞26的高度上方的部分与大气之间处于气体连通。有必要使容器内部的压力相等以允许手动泵10正常操作。
全塑料手动泵10的通气系统如下操作：当致动器12被向下推动时，活塞26向下移动，由此露出或打开泵体30中的至少一个通气口108。由于大气与容器40内部之间的压力差，当由于流体的移位而产生真空时，通常空气将从容器的外部流到容器的内部。外部空气将流过形成在杆24中的至少一个通气口110，并将穿过弹性圆顶弹簧16之间的间隙，并穿过形成在泵体30中的至少一个通气口108而进入分配器容器40的内部，以通过大气来均衡压力。至少一个通气口110设置在杆24上高的位置并位于致动器12下方，以抑制由于飞溅引起的水侵入。
全塑料手动泵10的零部件优选地由相容的可回收材料制成。合适的材料包括聚丙烯和聚乙烯。聚丙烯和聚乙烯均可以回收，两种材料均是聚烯烃类。由于这两种材料均是聚烯烃类，因此它们在一起重新研磨和回收时是相容的。因此，如果本发明的全塑料手动泵10由这些材料中的一种或两种制成，则在回收期间不需要拆卸废旧泵。
虽然对于手动泵正常工作不是必需的，但止回阀58的止回球60优选地由于重力而下沉以在手动泵10停置时密封阀开口。否则，泵体30中的液体在灌注时可能会渗入分配器容器40中并需要再次灌注手动泵10。聚乙烯和聚丙烯的比重均小于1.0，这意味着它们会漂浮在水和其他液体中。传统的泵使用具有高比重的玻璃或金属球。为了保持本发明的手动泵10为“全塑料”，止回球60优选地由比重为约1.4的POM(乙缩醛)制成，这使得止回球60比水和大多数液体重。
虽然已经关于特定实施例描述了本发明，但是应该认识到，在不脱离本发明构思的情况下，可以设计出本发明的其他变型。
工业实用性
本发明是一种全塑料手动泵，该手动泵可以在工业上应用于包装和运输含有液体或乳膏的螺纹容器或瓶子。泵包括泵壳体、致动器、活塞、芯撑、杆和泵弹簧，其中泵弹簧呈由弹性体聚合物制成的弹性圆顶的形式。废旧泵不需要拆卸而回收。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵包括：
致动器、芯撑、杆、活塞、泵体、止回阀和弹性聚合物弹簧；
所述致动器包括具有入口和出口的流动通道；
所述杆包括具有入口和出口的流动通道；
所述泵体形成为大致中空的圆柱形主体，具有开口上端、位于下端的流体入口、以及位于所述开口上端与所述流体入口之间的内部容积；
所述止回阀与所述泵体一体形成、设置在所述泵体的下端处且位于所述流体入口的上方；
所述杆被配置成使得所述活塞附连到所述杆的入口；
所述活塞被配置成在所述杆上可向下滑动，以关闭所述杆的流动通道的入口，并且被配置成在所述杆上可向上滑动，以打开所述杆的流动通道的入口；
所述芯撑被配置成设置在所述泵体的开口上端内；
所述杆被配置成经由引导装置设置在所述芯撑内；
所述活塞被配置成可滑动地接合所述泵体的圆柱形内壁并密封抵靠所述泵体的内壁；
所述致动器的流动通道被配置成与所述杆的流动通道处于流体连通，所述杆的流动通道被配置成与所述泵体的内部容积处于流体连通，所述泵体的内部容积被配置成与要分配的产品处于流体连通；
所述弹性聚合物弹簧被配置成将所述致动器驱动到停置位置；
其中，在所述致动器的下冲程，所述止回阀关闭所述泵体的流体入口，并且所述活塞向上滑动并密封在所述杆上，由此打开所述杆的流动通道的入口；并且
其中，在所述致动器的上冲程，所述止回阀打开所述泵体的流体入口，并且所述活塞在所述杆上向下滑动，由此关闭所述杆的流动通道的入口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，所述弹性聚合物弹簧是具有圆顶形顶部的圆柱形的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，圆顶形的所述弹性聚合物弹簧的壁厚从所述弹簧的底部到所述弹簧的顶部渐缩。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵进一步包括至少一个上通气口，该至少一个上通气口与所述泵体的内部容积在所述活塞高度上方的部分处于气体连通。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，所述至少一个上通气口形成在所述杆中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵进一步包括位于所述泵体中的至少一个下通气口，该至少一个下通气口与所述分配器容器的内部处于气体连通，其中所述下通气口在所述活塞处于停置位置时被所述活塞阻塞而在所述活塞的下冲程期间不被阻塞。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，所述止回阀是球形阀。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，所述止回阀是由塑料或经金属浸渍的塑料材料制成的球形阀。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵进一步包括封盖，其中，所述封盖将所述分配泵附连到包含要分配的流体的容器。
10.根据权利要求1所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，所述分配泵由多种可回收塑料形成。
11.一种用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵包括：
致动器、杆、活塞、泵体、止回阀和弹性聚合物弹簧；
所述致动器包括具有入口和出口的流动通道；
所述杆包括具有入口和出口的流动通道；
所述泵体形成为大致中空的圆柱形主体，具有上端、位于下端的流体入口、以及位于所述上端与所述流体入口之间的内部容积；
所述止回阀设置在所述泵体的内部容积与流体入口之间；
所述杆被配置成使得所述活塞附连到所述杆的入口；
所述活塞被配置成在所述致动器的下冲程中打开所述杆的流动通道的入口，并且被配置成在上冲程中关闭所述杆的流动通道的入口；
所述致动器的流动通道被配置成与所述杆的流动通道处于流体连通，所述杆的流动通道被配置成与所述泵体的内部容积处于流体连通，所述泵体的内部容积被配置成与要分配的产品处于流体连通；
所述弹性聚合物弹簧被配置成将所述致动器驱动到停置位置；
其中，在所述致动器的下冲程，所述止回阀关闭所述泵体的流体入口，并且所述活塞打开所述杆的流动通道的入口；并且
其中，在所述致动器的上冲程，所述止回阀打开所述泵体的流体入口，并且所述活塞关闭所述杆的流动通道的入口。
12.根据权利要求11所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，所述弹性聚合物弹簧是圆顶形的。
13.根据权利要求12所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，其中，圆顶形的所述弹性聚合物弹簧的壁厚从所述弹簧的底部到所述弹簧的顶部渐缩。
14.根据权利要求11所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵进一步包括至少一个上通气口，该至少一个上通气口与所述泵体的内部容积在所述活塞高度上方的部分处于气体连通。
15.根据权利要求11所述的用于从容器分配流体并由全塑料材料制成的手动操作分配泵，所述分配泵进一步包括位于所述泵体中的至少一个下通气口，该至少一个下通气口与所述分配器容器处于气体连通，其中所述下通气口在所述活塞处于停置位置时被所述活塞阻塞而在所述活塞的下冲程期间不被阻塞。
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