CN111199624A - Distributed forest fire early warning device, system and application - Google Patents
Distributed forest fire early warning device, system and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111199624A CN111199624A CN202010021456.1A CN202010021456A CN111199624A CN 111199624 A CN111199624 A CN 111199624A CN 202010021456 A CN202010021456 A CN 202010021456A CN 111199624 A CN111199624 A CN 111199624A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/005—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B31/00—Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed forest fire early warning device, a system and application thereof, wherein the early warning device comprises terminal detection equipment, a cloud deck and a background service system, the detection equipment is a forest fire early warning device and comprises a frame body, a spindle-shaped detection cylinder, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), a signal transmitter and a photovoltaic solar panel, the detection equipment is arranged in a forest step by step in a matrix manner, the detection equipment is connected with a cloud platform through the installed signal transmitter, the cloud platform is connected with a platform service system through a wireless network, and the background service system comprises a plurality of servers and a front-end PC (personal computer). The early warning device can be changed according to the wind direction, can monitor the state in the forest in real time through the smoke concentration detector and the angular displacement sensor which are arranged on the early warning device, and sends data to the holder and the background service system to remind workers of giving an alarm in time when a dangerous case occurs; meanwhile, the background server is used for processing the received data, so that the fire condition can be pre-judged, and the fire fighting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of early warning devices, and particularly relates to a distributed forest fire early warning device, a distributed forest fire early warning system and application.
Background
In recent years, with the further development of the afforestation industry in China, the forest coverage rate is further expanded, in addition, the global weather is severe, the times and the frequency of forest fires are continuously increased, the demand of timely finding the fire or pre-warning the fire is gradually increased, with the continuous improvement of the technology, the forest land is gradually developed from the initial manual regular patrol to the airplane patrol to the infrared camera monitoring, the times of forest fires are reduced to a certain extent, but the manual regular inspection and the airplane inspection are time-consuming and labor-consuming, the all-weather detection cannot be met, although the all-weather monitoring can be met by the infrared camera monitoring, a large amount of storage space is occupied due to the fact that the monitoring is carried out in a video mode, the distributed forest fire early warning device and the distributed forest fire early warning system have certain requirements on the aspect of storage and expansion, and meanwhile, special personnel are required to be responsible for staring at the tip.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a forest fire early warning device comprises a fire early warning device,
the support body consists of a main rod, an auxiliary rod and support legs, the main rod and the auxiliary rod are connected through a sleeve, a thrust bearing is arranged in the sleeve, and the support legs are fixedly welded at the bottom of the main rod;
the device comprises a spindle-shaped detection barrel, a secondary rod, a smoke concentration detector and a control device, wherein the spindle-shaped detection barrel is fixedly arranged at the top of the secondary rod through a connecting piece, two ends of the spindle-shaped detection barrel are respectively provided with a large trumpet barrel and a small trumpet barrel, the middle part of the spindle-shaped detection barrel is provided with the smoke concentration detector, and a detection end head of the smoke concentration detector is close to one side with a small opening area;
MCU, signal transmitter and photovoltaic solar panel, MCU, signal transmitter with photovoltaic solar panel all passes through backup pad fixed mounting at the middle part of mobile jib, fixed weld between backup pad and the mobile jib, still be provided with the battery in the backup pad, the battery passes through the wire and links to each other with signal transmitter and photovoltaic solar panel respectively.
The spindle-shaped detection barrel is arranged at the bottom of the spindle-shaped detection barrel, and the baseline direction of the spindle-shaped detection barrel is consistent with the central axis direction of the spindle-shaped detection barrel.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the smoke concentration detector and the angular displacement sensor are both connected with the MCU through leads, and the MCU is connected with the signal transmitter through leads.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, a cross rod is arranged in the middle of the auxiliary rod, a balancing weight is suspended on the cross rod through a steel wire rope, and the balancing weight penetrates out of the bottom of the main rod and is suspended between the support legs.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the supporting plate is also provided with a plurality of baffles, an independent space is formed between the plurality of baffles and the photovoltaic solar panel, and one of the baffles is fixedly connected with the two vertical plates which are vertically arranged through screws.
The utility model provides a distributing type forest fire early warning system, includes terminal check out test set, cloud platform and backstage service system, check out test set is above-mentioned forest fire early warning device, check out test set journey matrix substep is in the forest, check out test set is connected with the cloud platform through the signal transmitter of installation, the wireless network connection platform service system that the cloud platform adopted GPRS transmission protocol, contain a plurality of servers and front end PC in the backstage service system, the server is the physics server, and the server links to each other with front end PC.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the signal transmitter transmits real-time data detected by the smoke concentration detector and the angular displacement sensor to the cloud platform, the cloud platform transmits the received data to the server through the wireless network, and the server processes the received data and displays the processed data through the front-end PC.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cloud platform can be further connected to an intelligent mobile terminal device through a mobile communication network, and the intelligent mobile terminal device includes a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
As a preferred technical scheme, the invention further provides a distributed forest fire early warning system based on LoRa, which comprises a microcontroller, a power supply management unit, a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a LoRa networking module and a LoRa base station, wherein output ends of the power supply management unit, the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor are electrically connected with an input end of the microcontroller, an input end of the LoRa networking module is electrically connected with an output end of the microcontroller, and an output end of the LoRa networking module is in signal connection with an input end of the LoRa base station.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the LoRa networking module is a low-power-consumption, long-distance and star networking module working in a 470MHz frequency band; the microcontroller is an ultra-low power consumption microcontroller based on an ARMCortex-M0 core processor; the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are integrally designed, and the capacitive polymer sensing chip, the CMOS integrated circuit and the EEPROM are integrally combined in a weldable SMD integrated chip without rechecking and temperature compensation.
As a preferred technical scheme, the invention also provides a distributed forest fire early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, electrifying to access to the network, after electrifying, starting the LoRa networking module in a terminal mode, sending registration information to the LoRa base station and accessing to the network, if the network access fails, sleeping for a certain time and continuing to access to the network until the network access succeeds;
s2, acquiring and sending information, wherein a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor periodically acquire humidity, temperature, smoke and carbon dioxide information pieces in the air and transmit the acquired information to a microcontroller, and the microcontroller sends the acquired information to a LoRa base station through a LoRa networking module;
s3, monitoring the power supply unit, periodically collecting the voltage of the power supply management unit by the microcontroller, and uploading low-voltage alarm information to the LoRa base station by the microcontroller together with the information detected in the step S2 through the LoRa networking module when the voltage of the power supply management unit is too low;
and S4, replacing the power supply unit and maintaining the detection component, and repairing and maintaining the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor while replacing the power supply management unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the shape of the early warning device can be changed according to the wind direction through a spindle-shaped detection cylinder at the top, the state in a forest can be monitored in real time through a smoke concentration detector and an angle displacement sensor which are arranged on the early warning device, and data are sent to a holder and a background service system to remind workers of giving an alarm in time when a dangerous case occurs; meanwhile, the background server is used for processing the received data, the fire condition can be pre-judged, the fire fighting efficiency is improved, the device does not need personnel to stare at all times and liberate manpower, and on the other hand, the requirement on data processing is not high, the storage capacity is small, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main structure of a forest fire early warning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main structure of a forest fire early warning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed forest fire early warning system according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed forest fire early warning system based on LoRa of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a frame body; 2. a main rod; 3. an auxiliary rod; 4. a support leg; 5. a sleeve; 6. MCU; 7. a spindle-shaped detection cylinder; 8. a connecting member; 9. a smoke concentration detector; 10. a signal transmitter; 11. a photovoltaic solar panel; 12. a support plate; 13. a storage battery; 14. an angular displacement sensor; 15. a baffle plate; 16. and a balancing weight.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1-2, a forest fire early warning apparatus of the present invention includes,
the frame comprises a frame body 1, wherein the frame body 1 consists of a main rod 2, an auxiliary rod 3 and support legs 4, the main rod 2 and the auxiliary rod 3 are connected through a sleeve 5, a thrust bearing is arranged in the sleeve 5, and the support legs 4 are fixedly welded at the bottom of the main rod 2;
the detection device comprises a spindle-shaped detection barrel 7, wherein the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the auxiliary rod 3 through a connecting piece 8, two ends of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 are respectively provided with a large trumpet-shaped barrel and a small trumpet-shaped barrel, the middle part of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 is provided with a smoke concentration detector 9, and the detection end head of the smoke concentration detector 9 is close to one side with a small opening area;
MCU6, signal transmitter 10 and photovoltaic solar panel 11, MCU6, signal transmitter 10 and photovoltaic solar panel 11 all pass through backup pad 12 fixed mounting in the middle part of mobile jib 2, fixed welding between backup pad 12 and the mobile jib 2 still is provided with battery 13 in the backup pad 12, and battery 13 passes through the wire and links to each other with signal transmitter 10 and photovoltaic solar panel 11 respectively.
The device also comprises an angular displacement sensor 14, wherein the angular displacement sensor 14 is arranged at the bottom of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7, and the baseline direction of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 is consistent with the central axis direction of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7; the smoke concentration detector 9 and the angular displacement sensor 14 are connected with the MCU6 through leads, and the MCU6 is connected with the signal transmitter 10 through leads; a cross rod is arranged in the middle of the auxiliary rod 3, a balancing weight 16 is hung on the cross rod through a steel wire rope, and the balancing weight 16 penetrates out of the bottom of the main rod 2 and is hung between the support legs 4; a plurality of baffles 15 are further arranged on the support plate 12, an independent space is formed between the baffles 15 and the photovoltaic solar panel 11, and one baffle 15 is fixedly connected with the two vertically-arranged vertical plates 17 through screws.
As shown in fig. 3, a distributed forest fire early warning system includes a terminal detection device, a cloud deck and a background service system, the detection device is the forest fire early warning apparatus, the detection device is arranged in the forest in a matrix manner step by step, the detection device is connected with a cloud platform through an installed signal emitter 10, the cloud platform adopts a wireless network connection platform service system of a GPRS transmission protocol, the background service system includes a plurality of servers and a front-end PC, the servers are physical servers, and the servers are connected with the front-end PC.
The signal emitter 10 sends real-time data detected by the smoke concentration detector 9 and the angular displacement sensor 14 to the cloud platform, the cloud platform transmits the received data to the server through a wireless network, and the server processes the received data and displays the data through the front-end PC; the cloud platform can also be connected with intelligent mobile terminal equipment through a mobile communication network, and the intelligent mobile terminal equipment comprises a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
When the device works, the device is installed in a forest in a square matrix form, the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 at the top of the frame body 1 rotates along with the wind direction when wind exists due to the fact that two ends of the spindle-shaped detection barrel are large, the rotating deflection angle of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 can be captured by the angular displacement sensor 14 installed on the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7, the data are transmitted to a holder and a background service system through the signal transmitter 10, meanwhile, due to the fact that the air intake quantity at two ends of the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 is larger than that of the middle portion, the wind penetrates through the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7, the smoke concentration detector 9 located inside the spindle-shaped detection barrel 7 can capture more air, the detection result page is more accurate, meanwhile, a GPS positioning device can be additionally installed on each independent early warning device, after the fire occurs, the fire can be timely determined through the system, and the angular displacement data of each position can be captured, the specific wind direction of the fire place can be judged, and the fire extinguishing and fire spreading prevention device has excellent effects on extinguishing fire and preventing fire from spreading; the shape of the early warning device can be changed according to the wind direction through a spindle-shaped detection cylinder 7 at the top, the state in the forest can be monitored in real time through a smoke concentration detector 9 and an angle displacement sensor 14 which are arranged on the early warning device, and data are sent to a holder and a background service system to remind workers of giving an alarm in time when a dangerous case occurs; meanwhile, the background server is used for processing the received data, the fire condition can be pre-judged, the fire fighting efficiency is improved, the device does not need personnel to stare at all times and liberate manpower, and on the other hand, the requirement on data processing is not high, the storage capacity is small, and the cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, this embodiment further provides a distributed forest fire early warning system based on LoRa, which includes a microcontroller, a power supply management unit, a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a LoRa networking module, and a LoRa base station, where output ends of the power supply management unit, the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, and the carbon dioxide sensor are all electrically connected to an input end of the microcontroller, an input end of the LoRa networking module is electrically connected to an output end of the microcontroller, and an output end of the LoRa networking module is in signal connection with an input end of the LoRa base station.
The LoRa networking module is a low-power-consumption, long-distance and star networking module working in a 470MHz frequency band; the microcontroller is an ultra-low power consumption microcontroller based on an ARMCortex-M0 core processor; the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are integrally designed, and the capacitive polymer sensing chip, the CMOS integrated circuit and the EEPROM are integrally combined in a weldable SMD integrated chip without rechecking and temperature compensation.
The embodiment also provides a distributed forest fire early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, electrifying to access to the network, after electrifying, starting the LoRa networking module in a terminal mode, sending registration information to the LoRa base station and accessing to the network, if the network access fails, sleeping for a certain time and continuing to access to the network until the network access succeeds;
s2, acquiring and sending information, wherein a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor periodically acquire humidity, temperature, smoke and carbon dioxide information pieces in the air and transmit the acquired information to a microcontroller, and the microcontroller sends the acquired information to a LoRa base station through a LoRa networking module;
s3, monitoring the power supply unit, periodically collecting the voltage of the power supply management unit by the microcontroller, and uploading low-voltage alarm information to the LoRa base station by the microcontroller together with the information detected in the step S2 through the LoRa networking module when the voltage of the power supply management unit is too low;
and S4, replacing the power supply unit and maintaining the detection component, and repairing and maintaining the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor while replacing the power supply management unit.
The embodiment can detect the humidity, the temperature, the smoke and the carbon dioxide concentration in the forest in real time and all weather through the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor, thereby solving the problem that the manual regular inspection and the airplane inspection are time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the power consumption of the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor is small, the power supply can be carried out by adopting the power supply management unit, thereby solving the problems that the monitoring power consumption of the infrared camera is larger, wires need to be erected or solar energy is used for power supply, the wire cost and the maintenance cost are higher, the solar energy is used for power supply in continuous cloudy days, the problem that can be sheltered from in dense forest to a forest fire early warning monitoring network can be constituteed to a plurality of monitoring early warning devices, and its coverage is wide, can be suitable for the early warning of forest fire of large tracts of land.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forest fire early warning device is characterized by comprising,
the frame body (1) is composed of a main rod (2), an auxiliary rod (3) and support legs (4), the main rod (2) and the auxiliary rod (3) are connected through a sleeve (5), a thrust bearing is arranged in the sleeve (5), and the support legs (4) are fixedly welded at the bottom of the main rod (2);
the device comprises a spindle-shaped detection barrel (7), wherein the spindle-shaped detection barrel (7) is fixedly arranged at the top of an auxiliary rod (3) through a connecting piece (8), two ends of the spindle-shaped detection barrel (7) are respectively a large trumpet-shaped barrel and a small trumpet-shaped barrel, a smoke concentration detector (9) is arranged in the middle of the spindle-shaped detection barrel (7), and a detection end head of the smoke concentration detector (9) is close to one side with a small opening area;
MCU (6), signal transmitter (10) and photovoltaic solar panel (11), MCU (6), signal transmitter (10) and photovoltaic solar panel (11) are all through the middle part of backup pad (12) fixed mounting in mobile jib (2), fixed welding between backup pad (12) and mobile jib (2), still be provided with battery (13) on backup pad (12), battery (13) link to each other with signal transmitter (10) and photovoltaic solar panel (11) respectively through the wire.
2. A forest fire early warning device according to claim 1, further comprising an angular displacement sensor (14), wherein the angular displacement sensor (14) is installed at the bottom of the spindle-shaped detection cylinder (7), the baseline direction of the spindle-shaped detection cylinder (7) is consistent with the central axis direction of the spindle-shaped detection cylinder (7), the smoke concentration detector (9) and the angular displacement sensor (14) are connected with the MCU (6) through leads, and the MCU (6) is connected with the signal transmitter (10) through leads.
3. A forest fire early warning device according to claim 1, characterised in that a cross bar is arranged in the middle of the secondary bar (3), a counterweight (16) is suspended on the cross bar through a wire rope, and the counterweight (16) penetrates out of the bottom of the primary bar (2) and is suspended between the support legs (4).
4. A forest fire early warning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of baffles (15) are further arranged on the support plate (12), an independent space is formed between the plurality of baffles (15) and the photovoltaic solar panel (11), and one of the baffles (15) is fixedly connected with two vertically placed vertical plates (17) through screws.
5. A distributed forest fire early warning system is characterized by comprising terminal detection equipment, a cloud platform and a background service system, wherein the terminal detection equipment is the forest fire early warning device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the detection equipment is arranged in a forest in a matrix manner step by step, the detection equipment is connected with a cloud platform through a signal transmitter (10) which is installed, the cloud platform adopts a wireless network connection platform service system of a GPRS transmission protocol, the background service system comprises a plurality of servers and a front-end PC, the servers are physical servers, and the servers are connected with the front-end PC.
6. A distributed forest fire warning system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the signal emitter (10) sends real-time data detected by the smoke concentration detector (9) and the angular displacement sensor (14) to the cloud platform, the cloud platform transmits the received data to the server through a wireless network, and the server processes the received data and displays the data through a front-end PC.
7. The distributed forest fire early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the cloud platform is further capable of being connected with an intelligent mobile terminal device through a mobile communication network, and the intelligent mobile terminal device comprises a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
8. The utility model provides a distributed forest fire early warning system based on loRa, its characterized in that, including microcontroller, power supply management unit, humidity transducer, temperature sensor, smoke transducer, carbon dioxide sensor, loRa networking module and loRa basic station, power supply management unit, humidity transducer, temperature sensor, smoke transducer, carbon dioxide sensor's output all with microcontroller's input electric connection, the input of loRa networking module and microcontroller's output electric connection, the output of loRa networking module and the input signal connection of loRa basic station.
9. The distributed forest fire early warning system based on loRa of claim 8, wherein the loRa networking module is a low-power consumption, long-distance and star networking module working in 470MHz frequency band; the microcontroller is an ultra-low power consumption microcontroller based on an ARMCortex-M0 core processor; the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are integrally designed, and the capacitive polymer sensing chip, the CMOS integrated circuit and the EEPROM are integrally combined in a weldable SMD integrated chip without rechecking and temperature compensation.
10. A distributed forest fire early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, electrifying to access to the network, after electrifying, starting the LoRa networking module in a terminal mode, sending registration information to the LoRa base station and accessing to the network, if the network access fails, sleeping for a certain time and continuing to access to the network until the network access succeeds;
s2, acquiring and sending information, wherein a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor periodically acquire humidity, temperature, smoke and carbon dioxide information pieces in the air and transmit the acquired information to a microcontroller, and the microcontroller sends the acquired information to a LoRa base station through a LoRa networking module;
s3, monitoring the power supply unit, periodically collecting the voltage of the power supply management unit by the microcontroller, and uploading low-voltage alarm information to the LoRa base station by the microcontroller together with the information detected in the step S2 through the LoRa networking module when the voltage of the power supply management unit is too low;
and S4, replacing the power supply unit and maintaining the detection component, and repairing and maintaining the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor while replacing the power supply management unit.
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| CN113129540A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-16 | 张义群 | Forest fire prevention alarm system |
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Application publication date: 20200526 |