CN111195374B - 一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111195374B
CN111195374B CN202010045733.2A CN202010045733A CN111195374B CN 111195374 B CN111195374 B CN 111195374B CN 202010045733 A CN202010045733 A CN 202010045733A CN 111195374 B CN111195374 B CN 111195374B
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李宇
徐艺铭
谷晨熙
谢颖颖
许建中
普亚华
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First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁‑锌‑镁复合棒材,最内层为变形镁合金层,中间层为锌合金层,外层为铸造镁合金层,变形镁合金层和锌合金层,锌合金层和铸造镁合金层间均以燕尾凹槽和燕尾凸棱的形式连接,并且燕尾凸棱上沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起与凹槽,燕尾凹槽沿棒材长度方向贯通,避免在棒材长度方向上不同层之间出现脱离现象,并通过合金固态高温下周围浇注液态合金使其呈冶金结合,结合强度高。铸造镁合金层内设有圆孔,圆孔内有生物填充层,在植入人体时不会脱落。整体材料可完全降解,不需二次手术取出。本发明还提供一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁‑锌‑镁复合棒材的制备方法,具有操作方便,易于产业化生产的特点。

Description

一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材及其制 备方法
技术领域
本发明属于医用新材料技术领域,具体是一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,临床上主要应用的植入材料包括不锈钢、钛及钛合金、Co-Cr合金等,但这些材料在临床上的应用存在以下问题:①金属材料的弹性模量远远高于人骨的弹性模量,对局部骨组织产生很大的“应力遮挡”效应,可能导致自然骨功能退化甚至萎缩的可能;②在体内不可降解,当作为临时性植入材料如血管支架、骨钉、骨板、骨针时,需要进行二次手术取出。在这种情况下,生物体内可降解吸收材料则成为生物材料的一个研究热点,目前临床应用上多采用生物可降解植入材料,包括高分子材料、生物活性陶瓷材料、金属基材料。但高分子材料综合力学性能过低,降解产生的酸性环境会增加人体产生炎症的机率,生物活性陶瓷材料的塑性及韧性较差,应用范围小,所以金属基可降解植入材料成为临床应用主要材料。
金属基可降解植入材料主要包括镁合金、锌合金、铁基合金。镁合金与铁基合金作为可降解植入材料在降解速率方面存在一些问题,镁合金的降解速度过快,影响其生物相容性和在使用过程中的强韧度等,铁基合金最大的问题是降解速度过慢,会引发一系列不良反应。金属锌的化学活性介于镁和铁之间,其腐蚀速率介于二者之间,可以制备降解速率适当的材料。锌是人体必须的微量元素之一,健康成人每天锌的膳食许可量为20mg-40mg,因此锌作为可降解植入材料在降解速率的控制与生物安全性方面有一定的优势。另外,无论镁合金或锌合金均存在无骨诱导活性等问题。
申请号201810865873.7的专利公开了一种医用植入可降解复合棒材及其制备方法,最内层为镁合金,中间层为锌合金,锌合金与镁合金两者间以燕尾槽的形式连接,并通过镁合金固态高温下周围浇注液态锌合金使两者呈冶金结合,最外层是生物涂层,生物涂层具有骨诱导活性。但该专利存在如下不足:①生物涂层涂覆在棒材的表面,附着力差,在手术使用过程中极易脱落进而失去骨诱导活性;②无论是镁合金还是锌合金均不含抗菌的铜离子或银离子,在棒材周围易出现细菌感染情况,给患者造成极大痛苦;③燕尾凸棱(锌合金)与燕尾槽(镁合金)的结合,小部分(如制成各种形状的弯曲处)破坏成小块的锌合金材料连同外部涂覆的生物涂层也不会脱落,仍能产生该复合棒材的效果(生物相容性、骨诱导活性),燕尾槽有其独特的作用,既承担了普通卡槽的防转动作用,又发挥了常规燕尾槽结构的机械连接效果,但却无法避免沿棒材长度方向上镁合金与锌合金脱离现象的发生,而锌合金的线胀系数(19×10-6K-1左右)与镁合金的线胀系数(为26×10-6K-1左右)有一定差距,在冶金结合不太充分的情况下存在两者沿长度方向滑动脱离的可能。
如何解决上述问题,是本领域科技人员工作的当务之急。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,解决如下技术问题:①如何解决医用植入镁合金降解过快的问题;②如何解决生物涂层涂覆在棒材的表面的附着力差,在手术使用过程中极易脱落进而失去骨诱导活性的问题;③如何解决可降解材料具有一定的消炎抗菌效果的问题。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材的制备方法。
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现:
一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,所述复合棒材的最内层为变形镁合金层,中间层为锌合金层,最外层是铸造镁合金层,所述变形镁合金层上设有和锌合金层结合的燕尾凸棱Ⅰ和燕尾凹槽Ⅰ,所述燕尾凸棱Ⅰ和燕尾凹槽Ⅰ在变形镁合金层的周向上均匀间隔分布,所述燕尾凸棱Ⅰ沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起Ⅰ与凹槽Ⅰ,所述燕尾凹槽Ⅰ沿棒材长度方向贯通,通过变形镁合金层固态高温下周围浇注液态锌合金层使两者呈冶金结合;
所述锌合金层上设有和铸造镁合金层结合的燕尾凸棱Ⅱ和燕尾凹槽Ⅱ,通过锌合金层固态高温下周围浇注液态铸造镁合金层使两者呈冶金结合,所述燕尾凸棱Ⅱ和燕尾凹槽Ⅱ在锌合金层的周向上均匀间隔分布,所述燕尾凸棱Ⅱ沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起Ⅱ与凹槽Ⅱ,所述燕尾凹槽Ⅱ沿棒材长度方向贯通;
所述铸造镁合金层内设有圆孔,所述圆孔内设有生物填充层。
进一步地,所述变形镁合金层及铸造镁合金层均由镁合金组成,所述镁合金的化学成分按质量百分比计为:Cu 2.2%-3.2%,Ag 1.5%-2.8%,Sr 1.2%-1.8%,Ca 2.2%-3.2%,Y 0.5%-1.5%,La 1.0%-1.5%,余量为Mg。
镁合金层的化学成分中含有Cu、Ag、Sr、Ca、Y、La、Mg。1)Cu离子具有强烈的广谱抗菌功能,对于金黄色葡萄球菌等多种细菌都有强烈的杀灭作用,Cu离子的释放在达到抗菌效果的同时,有助于为人体补充铜离子,改善Cu离子缺乏引起的不良症状;2)Ag具很好的抗菌作用;3)添加了Sr元素,可有效促进骨细胞形成以及抑制破骨细胞的骨吸收,具有调节钙代谢、减少骨折发生率的功效;4)Ca是构成骨骼的重要元素,在骨骼的生长过程中起到无可替代的作用,Ca可以凝固受伤后流血的伤口,防止细菌的感染,保持血液的洁净,也能降低血液的粘稠度,提高血液的流动性,促进人体有益细胞的活性,抑制细菌的繁殖;5)Y作为稀土元素,可用于抗凝血剂并具有抗炎杀菌的作用,还可促进骨骼组织的生长,Y还可以增强镁合金的抗氧化性和延展性;6)La离子与Ca离子半径相近,La离子将钙离子置换后形成La-HAP,这样不仅不会引起钙的流失,反而使原来晶体更加稳定,且有利于周围环境中的钙离子进入是的HAP晶体矿化或在基质表面形成La-HAP晶体,防止Ca离子进一步流失,对人体骨骼有很高的亲和性,并且能够改善镁合金的力学与可降解性;7)镁合金在人体内降解后,作为腐蚀产物的镁离子能够通过新陈代谢完全排出体外,镁离子的微量释放有利于维持人体的生命机能和新陈代谢。
进一步地,所述锌合金层(2)由锌合金组成,所述锌合金的化学成分按质量百分比计为:Mn 2.2%-2.5%,Sr 3.5%-4.0%,Cu 9%-11%,Ag 1%-2%,Ce 0.5%-1.2%,纳米MgO颗粒1.0%-2.2%,余量为Zn。
锌合金层的化学成分中含有Mn、Sr、Cu、Ag、Ce、纳米MgO颗粒、Zn。1)Mn在人体中不仅可以激活多种必要的辅酶,使维生素B和维生素C能顺利地被人体吸收,而且这些辅酶中含有与软骨合成有关的辅酶,有助于人体形成结缔组织,具有很好的骨诱导活性,对强壮骨骼至关重要;2)添加了Sr元素,可有效促进骨细胞形成以及抑制破骨细胞的骨吸收,具有调节钙代谢、减少骨折发生率的功效;3)Cu离子具有强烈的广谱抗菌功能,对于金黄色葡萄球菌等多种细菌都有强烈的杀灭作用,Cu离子的释放在达到抗菌效果的同时,有助于为人体补充铜离子,改善Cu离子缺乏引起的不良症状;4)Ag具很好的抗菌作用;5)Ce是一种重要的稀土元素,添加Ce可以对锌合金进行稀土合金化,不仅细化了锌合金组织进而提高其力学性能,而且改善了锌合金的铸造性能利,Ce对人体具有抗凝血、抗炎、杀菌作用,非常适合作为医用植入可降解材料中的添加元素以提高材料在降解过程中对人体的有益效果;6)纳米MgO颗粒具有明显的小尺寸效应、表面效应、量子尺寸效应和宏观隧道效应,经改性处理,无团聚现象,对提高锌合金的力学性能有明显的作用;5)Zn是人体必需微量元素,可以增强人体免疫力、促进伤口的愈合;7)Zn是人体必须的微量元素之一,健康成人每天锌的膳食许可量为20-40mg,金属锌的化学活性介于镁和铁之间,其腐蚀速率介于二者之间,可以制备降解速率适当的材料,因此锌作为可降解植入材料在降解速率的控制与生物安全性方面有一定的优势。
进一步地,所述生物填充层的化学成分按质量百分比计为:纳米壳聚糖15%-22%,纳米β-Ca3(PO4)2颗粒30%-35%,纳米Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2颗粒25%-30%,纳米Mn颗粒1.5%-2.5%,余量为聚乳酸。
进一步地,所述的聚乳酸为平均分子量在1×105-7×105范围内的左旋聚乳酸。
进一步地,所述的纳米壳聚糖为平均分子量在2×104-2.5×105范围内的壳聚糖。
1)壳聚糖具有生物活性、生物相溶性、可肌体吸收且无毒附作用,具有抑菌、促进细胞生长功能,还具有促进体液免疫功能、生态调节功能以及对各种蛋白质的亲和力,可诱导促进细胞的生长;2)β-Ca3(PO4)2(β-TCP)是人体骨骼的主要成分,具有良好的生物活性和骨诱导功能;3)Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2(HA)作为骨诱导材料可以激发骨生成的能力,促进骨质生长愈合,涂层降解过程中释放出的大量磷酸根离子、钙离子,通过与周围的骨质进行钙、磷离子的交换而达到完全的整合,可原位形成类骨质磷灰石矿物的沉积,生物相容性和骨诱导活性明显;4)Mn在人体中不仅可以激活多种必要的辅酶,使维生素B和维生素C能顺利地被人体吸收,而且这些辅酶中含有与软骨合成有关的辅酶,有助于人体形成结缔组织,具有很好的骨诱导活性,对强壮骨骼至关重要;5)纳米尺寸的颗粒会形成棒材表面原子数目增多的现象,其比表面积大,比表面能高,大量的界面为原子扩散提供了高密度的短程快速扩散路径,同时纳米β-Ca3(PO4)2、纳米Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2颗粒、纳米Mn颗粒表面原子具有高的化学活性,很容易与其它原子结合使其扩散系数远大于常规材料,更容易原位形成类骨质磷灰石矿物的沉积,对提高棒材的骨诱导活性具有明显的作用。
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现:
上述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:制备镁合金熔体→制备镁合金棒材→在镁合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽→制备锌合金熔体→浇注锌合金制备锌合金层→在锌合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽→制备镁合金熔体→浇注镁合金制备铸造镁合金层→制备圆孔→制备生物填充层材料→将生物填充层材料注入铸造镁合金层的圆孔中。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
1)本发明具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材最内层为变形镁合金层,中间层为锌合金层,外层为铸造镁合金层,变形镁合金层和锌合金层,锌合金层和铸造镁合金层间均以燕尾凹槽和燕尾凸棱的形式连接,并且燕尾凸棱上沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起与凹槽,燕尾凹槽沿棒材长度方向贯通,避免在棒材长度方向上不同层之间出现脱离现象,并通过合金固态高温下周围浇注液态合金使其呈冶金结合,结合强度高。
2)生物填充层在铸造镁合金层内部,与棒材构成一个整体,在植入人体时不会脱落,而铸造镁合金层的降解速度很快,短时间内就会露出生物填充层,生物填充层降解过程中释放出大量磷酸根离子与钙离子,可原位形成类骨质磷灰石矿物的沉积,生物相容性和骨诱导活性明显。
3)中间层为锌合金层,不但有良好的生物相容性而且可以降解,在降解过程中可释放出人体必需且可吸收的锌元素。
4)最内层为变形镁合金,具有较好的力学性能,能满足医学需要,且在最外面的铸造镁合金层、生物填充层及中间的锌合金层降解完后才与人体组织接触发生降解,此时人体组织中的植入器件不需要太高的力学性能,铸造镁合金层虽然降解稍快,但不再影响医学使用功能;
5)整体材料可完全降解,不需二次手术取出。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材剖视图;
图2为本发明图1中A-A面剖视图(仅示出变形镁合金层);
图3为本发明图1中B-B面剖视图(仅示出变形镁合金层和锌合金层)。
图中:1、变形镁合金层;1-1、燕尾凸棱Ⅰ;1-1-1、凸起Ⅰ;1-1-2、凹陷Ⅰ;1-2、燕尾凹槽Ⅰ;2、锌合金层;2-1、燕尾凸棱Ⅱ;2-1-1、凸起Ⅱ;2-1-2、凹陷Ⅱ;2-2、燕尾凹槽Ⅱ;3、铸造镁合金层;4、圆孔;5、生物填充层。
具体实施方式
下面,结合附图以及具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
实施例1
如图1至3所示:一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,复合棒材的最内层为变形镁合金层1,中间层为锌合金层2,最外层为铸造镁合金层3,变形镁合金层1上设有和锌合金层结合的燕尾凸棱Ⅰ1-1和燕尾凹槽Ⅰ1-2,燕尾凸棱Ⅰ1-1和燕尾凹槽Ⅰ1-2在变形镁合金层1的周向上均匀间隔分布,燕尾凸棱Ⅰ1-1沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起Ⅰ1-1-1与凹槽Ⅰ1-1-2,燕尾凹槽Ⅰ1-2沿棒材长度方向贯通;
锌合金层2上设有和铸造镁合金层3结合的燕尾凸棱Ⅱ2-1和燕尾凹槽Ⅱ2-2,燕尾凸棱Ⅱ2-1和燕尾凹槽Ⅱ2-2在锌合金层2的周向上均匀间隔分布,燕尾凸棱Ⅱ2-1沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起Ⅱ2-1-1与凹槽Ⅱ2-1-2,燕尾凹槽Ⅱ2-2沿棒材长度方向贯通;铸造镁合金层3内设有圆孔4,圆孔4内设有生物填充层5。
变形镁合金层1及铸造镁合金层3均由镁合金组成,镁合金的化学成分按质量百分比计为:Cu 2.2%-3.2%,Ag 1.5%-2.8%,Sr 1.2%-1.8%,Ca 2.2%-3.2%,Y 0.5%-1.5%,La 1.0%-1.5%,余量为Mg。
锌合金层2由锌合金组成,锌合金的化学成分按质量百分比计为:Mn 2.2%-2.5%,Sr 3.5%-4.0%,Cu 9%-11%,Ag 1%-2%,Ce 0.5%-1.2%,纳米MgO颗粒1.0%-2.2%,余量为Zn。
生物填充层5的化学成分按质量百分比计为:纳米壳聚糖15%-22%,纳米β-Ca3(PO4)2颗粒30%-35%,纳米Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2颗粒25%-30%,纳米Mn颗粒1.5%-2.5%,余量为聚乳酸。优选的,聚乳酸为平均分子量在1×105-7×105范围内的左旋聚乳酸。纳米壳聚糖为平均分子量在2×104-2.5×105范围内的壳聚糖。
实施例2
一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备镁合金熔体
1)合金配料:化学成分按质量百分比计为:Cu 2.2%,Ag 1.5%,Sr 1.2%,Ca2.2%,Y 0.5%,La 1.0%,余量为Mg。
2)将配好的原料放入非自耗电极水冷铜坩埚电弧炉中,将炉膛抽真空到8.5×10-4Pa,通入纯度为99.99%的氩气进行3次反复洗气,通电熔炼,温度750℃,保温时间60min。
(2)制备变形镁合金层
将镁合金熔体浇注成锭,再将铸锭翻转180°进行重熔5次保证成分均匀性;再将铸锭进行均匀化处理,均匀化处理是在380℃下保温3h;然后升温至420℃保温5h,再炉冷至室温,获得锭坯;将锭坯在400℃保温35min,然后在400℃进行高温塑性变形,再空冷至室温,获得热变形态合金,所述的高温塑性变形为锻造,总变形量为60%;将热变形态合金进行多次室温变形和中间退火,每次室温变形分为多道次拉拔,每道次拉拔或轧制的变形量为6%,每次室温变形的总变形量为50%;每次室温变形之后进行一次中间退火,中间退火温度为220℃,时间为8min;当总变形量达到95%时,再进行最后一次中间退火,然后空冷至室温;对镁合金棒进行拉拔,得到所需直径的棒材。
(3)在变形镁合金棒材上加工燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽。
(4)制备锌合金熔体
1)合金配料:化学成分按质量百分比计为:Mn 2.3%,Sr 3.7%,Cu 9.5%,Ag1.2%,Ce 0.7%,纳米MgO颗粒1.0%-2.2%,余量为Zn。
2)熔炼:将合金升温到550℃,利用石墨钟罩向合金熔体中压入六氯乙烷,压入的六氯乙烷为合金熔体总重量的0.35%,然后在500℃保温静置10min,形成锌合金熔体。
(5)制备镁-锌复合棒材。
1)将带燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽的镁合金棒材料预热,温度580℃,时间3h;
2)将锌合金熔体降温到480℃保温2h;
3)将预热后的变形镁合金棒置于钢模孔腔中心;
4)将锌合金熔体浇铸至钢模中,浇铸过程中钢模通水冷却;
5)冷却至室温后开模取出镁-锌复合棒材;
6)将制备的镁-锌复合棒材去应力退火,温度180℃,保温时间2.5h。
7)对镁-锌复合棒材进行拉拔,得到不同的直径的镁-锌复合棒材;
(6)在锌合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽。
(7)制备镁合金熔体,按步骤(1)进行。
(8)制备铸造镁合金层。
1)将带燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽的锌合金棒预热,温度380℃,时间3h;
2)将镁合金熔体降温到680℃保温2h;
3)将预热后的镁锌复合棒材置于钢模孔腔中心;
4)将镁合金熔体浇铸至钢模中,浇铸过程中钢模通水冷却;
5)冷却至室温后开模取出镁-锌-镁复合棒材;
6)对镁-锌-镁复合棒材进行拉拔,得到不同的直径的镁-锌-镁复合棒材。
(9)在铸造镁合金层上开设圆孔;
(10)制备生物填充层材料;
(11)将生物填充层材料注入铸造镁合金层的圆孔中既得产品。
实施例3
一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备镁合金熔体
1)合金配料:化学成分按质量百分比计为:Cu 2.5%,Ag 1.8%,Sr 1.4%,Ca2.6%,Y 0.9%,La 1.2%,余量为Mg。
2)将配好的原料放入非自耗电极水冷铜坩埚电弧炉中,将炉膛抽真空到8.5×10-4Pa,通入纯度为99.99%的氩气进行3次反复洗气,通电熔炼,温度750℃,保温时间60min。
(2)制备变形镁合金层
将镁合金熔体浇注成锭,再将铸锭翻转180°进行重熔5次保证成分均匀性;再将铸锭进行均匀化处理,均匀化处理是在380℃下保温3h;然后升温至420℃保温5h,再炉冷至室温,获得锭坯;将锭坯在400℃保温35min,然后在400℃进行高温塑性变形,再空冷至室温,获得热变形态合金,所述的高温塑性变形为锻造,总变形量为70%;将热变形态合金进行多次室温变形和中间退火,每次室温变形分为多道次拉拔,每道次拉拔或轧制的变形量为10%,每次室温变形的总变形量为70%;每次室温变形之后进行一次中间退火,中间退火温度为300℃,时间为20min;当总变形量达到98%时,再进行最后一次中间退火,然后空冷至室温;对镁合金棒进行拉拔,得到所需直径的棒材。
(3)在变形镁合金棒材上加工燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽。
(4)制备锌合金熔体
1)合金配料:化学成分按质量百分比计为:Mn 2.4%,Sr 3.7%,Cu 9.8%,Ag1.5%,Ce 0.9%,纳米MgO颗粒1.6%,余量为Zn;
2)熔炼:将合金升温到550℃,利用石墨钟罩向合金熔体中压入六氯乙烷,压入的六氯乙烷为合金熔体总重量的0.35%,然后在500℃保温静置15min,形成锌合金熔体;
(5)制备镁-锌复合棒材
1)将带燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽的镁合金棒材料预热,温度600℃,时间3h;
2)将锌合金熔体降温到480℃保温2h;
3)将预热后的变形镁合金棒置于钢模孔腔中心;
4)将锌合金熔体浇铸至钢模中,浇铸过程中钢模通水冷却;
5)冷却至室温后开模取出镁-锌复合棒材;
6)将制备的镁-锌复合棒材去应力退火,温度200℃,保温时间3h;
7)对镁-锌复合棒材进行拉拔,得到不同的直径的镁-锌复合棒材;
(6)在锌合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽;
(7)制备镁合金熔体,按步骤(1)进行;
(8)制备铸造镁合金层
1)将带燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽的锌合金棒预热,温度380-400℃,时间3h;
2)将镁合金熔体降温到680℃保温2h;
3)将预热后的镁锌复合棒材置于钢模孔腔中心;
4)将镁合金熔体浇铸至钢模中,浇铸过程中钢模通水冷却;
5)冷却至室温后开模取出镁-锌-镁复合棒材;
6)对镁-锌-镁复合棒材进行拉拔,得到不同的直径的镁-锌-镁复合棒材;
(9)在铸造镁合金层上开设圆孔;
(10)制备生物填充层材料;
(11)将生物填充层材料注入铸造镁合金层的圆孔中既得产品。
实施例4
一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备镁合金熔体
1)合金配料:化学成分按质量百分比计为:Cu 3.2%,Ag 2.8%,Sr 1.8%,Ca3.2%,Y 1.5%,La 1.5%,余量为Mg;
2)将配好的原料放入非自耗电极水冷铜坩埚电弧炉中,将炉膛抽真空到8.5×10-4Pa,通入纯度为99.99%的氩气进行3次反复洗气,通电熔炼,温度750℃,保温时间60min;
(2)制备变形镁合金层
将镁合金熔体浇注成锭,再将铸锭翻转180°进行重熔5次保证成分均匀性;再将铸锭进行均匀化处理,均匀化处理是在380℃下保温3h;然后升温至420℃保温5h,再炉冷至室温,获得锭坯;将锭坯在400℃保温35min,然后在400℃进行高温塑性变形,再空冷至室温,获得热变形态合金,所述的高温塑性变形为锻造,总变形量为85%;将热变形态合金进行多次室温变形和中间退火,每次室温变形分为多道次拉拔,每道次拉拔或轧制的变形量为15%,每次室温变形的总变形量为85%;每次室温变形之后进行一次中间退火,中间退火温度为350℃,时间为25min;当总变形量达到99%时,再进行最后一次中间退火,然后空冷至室温;对镁合金棒进行拉拔,得到所需直径的棒材;
(3)在变形镁合金棒材上加工燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽;
(4)制备锌合金熔体
1)合金配料:化学成分按质量百分比计为:Mn 2.4%,Sr 3.9%,Cu 9%-11%,Ag1.9%,Ce 1.1%,纳米MgO颗粒2.1%,余量为Zn;
2)熔炼:将合金升温到550℃,利用石墨钟罩向合金熔体中压入六氯乙烷,压入的六氯乙烷为合金熔体总重量的0.35%,然后在500℃保温静置20min,形成锌合金熔体;
(5)制备镁-锌复合棒材
1)将带燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽的镁合金棒材料预热,温度650℃,时间3h;
2)将锌合金熔体降温到480℃保温2h;
3)将预热后的变形镁合金棒置于钢模孔腔中心;
4)将锌合金熔体浇铸至钢模中,浇铸过程中钢模通水冷却;
5)冷却至室温后开模取出镁-锌复合棒材;
6)将制备的镁-锌复合棒材去应力退火,温度260℃,保温时间4h;
7)对镁-锌复合棒材进行拉拔,得到不同的直径的镁-锌复合棒材;
(6)在锌合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽;
(7)制备镁合金熔体,按步骤(1)进行;
(8)制备铸造镁合金层;
1)将带燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽的锌合金棒预热,温度400℃,时间3h;
2)将镁合金熔体降温到680℃保温2h;
3)将预热后的镁锌复合棒材置于钢模孔腔中心;
4)将镁合金熔体浇铸至钢模中,浇铸过程中钢模通水冷却;
5)冷却至室温后开模取出镁-锌-镁复合棒材;
6)对镁-锌-镁复合棒材进行拉拔,得到不同的直径的镁-锌-镁复合棒材;
(9)在铸造镁合金层上开设圆孔;
(10)制备生物填充层材料;
(11)将生物填充层材料注入铸造镁合金层的圆孔中即可得到产品。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,其特征在于,所述复合棒材的最内层为变形镁合金层(1),中间层为锌合金层(2),最外层为铸造镁合金层(3),所述变形镁合金层(1)上设有和锌合金层结合的燕尾凸棱Ⅰ(1-1)和燕尾凹槽Ⅰ(1-2),所述燕尾凸棱Ⅰ(1-1)和燕尾凹槽Ⅰ(1-2)在变形镁合金层(1)的周向上均匀间隔分布,所述燕尾凸棱Ⅰ(1-1)沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起Ⅰ(1-1-1)与凹槽Ⅰ(1-1-2),所述燕尾凹槽Ⅰ(1-2)沿棒材长度方向贯通;
所述锌合金层(2)上设有和铸造镁合金层(3)结合的燕尾凸棱Ⅱ(2-1)和燕尾凹槽Ⅱ(2-2),所述燕尾凸棱Ⅱ(2-1)和燕尾凹槽Ⅱ(2-2)在锌合金层(2)的周向上均匀间隔分布,所述燕尾凸棱Ⅱ(2-1)沿棒材长度方向间隔设有凸起Ⅱ(2-1-1)与凹槽Ⅱ(2-1-2),所述燕尾凹槽Ⅱ(2-2)沿棒材长度方向贯通;所述铸造镁合金层(3)内设有圆孔(4),所述圆孔(4)内设有生物填充层(5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,其特征在于,所述变形镁合金层(1)及铸造镁合金层(3)均由镁合金组成,所述镁合金的化学成分按质量百分比计为:Cu 2.2%-3.2%,Ag 1.5%-2.8%,Sr 1.2%-1.8%,Ca 2.2%-3.2%,Y0.5%-1.5%,La 1.0%-1.5%,余量为Mg。
3.根据权利要求1所述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,其特征在于,所述锌合金层(2)由锌合金组成,所述锌合金的化学成分按质量百分比计为:Mn 2.2%-2.5%,Sr 3.5%-4.0%,Cu 9%-11%,Ag 1%-2%,Ce 0.5%-1.2%,纳米MgO颗粒1.0%-2.2%,余量为Zn。
4.根据权利要求1所述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,其特征在于,所述生物填充层(5)的化学成分按质量百分比计为:纳米壳聚糖15%-22%,纳米β-Ca3(PO4)2颗粒30%-35%,纳米Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2颗粒25%-30%,纳米Mn颗粒1.5%-2.5%,余量为聚乳酸。
5.根据权利要求4所述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,其特征在于,所述聚乳酸为平均分子量在1×105-7×105范围内的左旋聚乳酸。
6.根据权利要求4所述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材,其特征在于,所述纳米壳聚糖为平均分子量在2×104-2.5×105范围内的壳聚糖。
7.如权利要求1至6任一项所述具有骨诱导活性的医用可降解镁-锌-镁复合棒材的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:制备镁合金熔体→制备镁合金棒材→在镁合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽→制备锌合金熔体→浇注锌合金制备锌合金层→在锌合金棒材上加工出燕尾凸棱和燕尾凹槽→制备镁合金熔体→浇注镁合金制备铸造镁合金层→制备圆孔→制备生物填充层材料→将生物填充层材料注入铸造镁合金层的圆孔中。
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