CN111194676A - New method for long-term fat extraction of southern pine - Google Patents

New method for long-term fat extraction of southern pine Download PDF

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CN111194676A
CN111194676A CN202010149367.5A CN202010149367A CN111194676A CN 111194676 A CN111194676 A CN 111194676A CN 202010149367 A CN202010149367 A CN 202010149367A CN 111194676 A CN111194676 A CN 111194676A
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杨章旗
颜培栋
谭健晖
冯源恒
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

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Abstract

The invention discloses a new method for long-term fat collection of southern pine, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting southern Asia pine, and adopting a descending type bilateral and trilateral grease collection method to collect grease; a middle ditch is formed in the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, and a grease receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch to finish the first surface grease collection; (2) reserving a nutrition zone away from the first cutting surface, and finishing the second surface fat collection by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-surface fat collection method; (3) respectively reserving nutrient zones away from the first and second cutting surfaces, and completing third surface fat collection according to a descending type double-side-ditch three-surface fat collection method; (4) and (4) logging and selling the pine trees which finish three-side resin collection, counting the total yield of the sum of the income of the pine trees and the income of the wood, and calculating the economic benefit. By adopting the method, the problems of low yield, low economic benefit and the like of the traditional southern pine long-term fat extraction method are solved.

Description

New method for long-term fat extraction of southern pine
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of fat collection, and particularly relates to a novel method for long-term fat collection of southern pine.
[ background of the invention ]
Pinus sylvestris (Pinus latteri Mason) is a plant of Pinus of Pinaceae. Is distributed in hilly land and mountain land with elevation of 50-1200 m in southern China, Guangdong and Guangxi. The south Asia pine is more typhoon-resistant, the pine resin yield is higher, and the tree species which have important economic value and ecological safety protection are not only ideal raw materials for pulping and papermaking, but also extremely suitable for being used as materials for electric poles, coastal piles, marine masts, buildings and the like. Because of the large resin channel content, the yield of the pine resin is about 20 percent higher than that of the masson pine, the quality is better, and the pine resin is a good resin-producing resin species. Is a good economic and ecological tree species suitable for the coastal areas of south China.
The traditional southern pine long-term fat collection method has the problems of low yield and the like, so that how to improve the southern pine long-term fat collection yield becomes a new research direction.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention provides a new method for long-term fat collection of south Asian pine, which solves the problems of low yield and the like in the traditional long-term fat collection method of south Asian pine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a new method for long-term fat extraction of southern pine comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting more than 15-year-old southern Asian pine, and collecting fat by a descending type double-lateral-ditch three-face fat collection method; a middle ditch is arranged on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, and a resin receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch to finish the first surface resin collection of the tree;
the specific area of the collected fat is calculated according to the formula (1):
Figure BDA0002399062250000011
in the formula: s1Representing the fat area of the first face of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dnRepresenting the diameter of breast in the nth harvest year, △ D representing the average increase of the annual diameter of breast, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is the circumferential rate, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, D is the number of days of fat collection;
(2) reserving a nutrition zone more than 10cm away from the first collecting and cutting surface, and completing fat collection of the second surface by a descending type double-lateral-ditch three-surface fat collection method;
the specific area of the collected fat is calculated according to the formula (2):
Figure BDA0002399062250000021
in the formula: s2Representing the fat area of the second face of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 16; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dn-1Representing the breast diameter of the (n-1) th harvest year, △ D representing the average annual breast diameter growth, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is the circumferential rate, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, D is the number of days of fat collection;
(3) reserving nutrient zones more than 10cm away from the first and second cutting surfaces respectively, and completing third surface fat collection according to a descending type double-lateral-ditch three-surface fat collection method;
(4) and (4) cutting and selling the pine trees which finish the first, second and third face resin picking, counting the total yield of the sum of the income of the pine trees and the income of the wood, and calculating the economic benefit.
Furthermore, in the step (1), the resin is collected from the ground to the position 1.6-1.8m higher than the tree by a descending double-lateral ditch three-surface resin collection method.
Further, the fat-receiving container in the step (1) is a plastic cup.
Further, the fat-receiving container is fixed by using a wood product.
Further, the specific area of the grease collection in the step (3) is calculated according to the formula (3):
S3＝{[D16π－(D16π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×γ×L×d+{[D17π－(D17π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×π×γ×L×d+…+{[Dn-1π－(Dn-1π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×π×γ×L×d (3)
in the formula: s3Representing the grease collection area of the third surface of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 17 and less than or equal to 24; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dn-1Denotes the n-1 th samplingBreast diameter of year cut △ D represents average annual breast diameter growthnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
Further, in the step (4), calculating the total area of the grease collection according to the formula (4):
Sgeneral assembly＝S1+S2+S3(4)
In the formula: sGeneral assemblyRepresents the total fat area of southern Asian pine.
Furthermore, in the steps (1), (2) and (3), the middle lateral groove is 30 degrees in both directions, and an included angle is 60 degrees.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: the traditional high-load long-term fat collection seriously influences the growth of the southern pine, is not beneficial to realizing the balanced development of fat production and material production, and achieves the aim of obtaining larger economic benefit. The invention researches on the grease collecting forest requirement and the grease collecting technology, selectively explores better process parameters such as a cutting included angle, a grease collecting load rate, a grease collecting interval time and the like, adopts a three-side grease collecting method, strictly controls the grease collecting load rate, keeps a certain nutrient band to convey nutrients, and realizes the healthy growth of the southern pine, thereby realizing the obtaining of great economic benefits of grease and wood production, and effectively solving the problems of low yield, low economic benefit and the like of the traditional southern pine long-term grease collecting method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a descending type double-side ditch three-side grease collecting method to collect grease on three sides of the southern pine, the southern pine is felled and sold after the grease collection is finished, and the total output value of the sum of the income of the pine and the income of wood is counted.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a first structural diagram of a descending double-side-ditch three-side grease collection method;
FIG. 2 is a second structural diagram of a descending double-side-groove three-side grease collection method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a southern pine resin noodle.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention researches the grease collecting technology and selects the better parameters of the process, thereby providing a theoretical and data basis for realizing the purpose of obtaining great economic benefits of grease production and material production.
(I) relationship between different cutting angles and fat yield
A comparison test of different cutting angles and fat yields of 15-year-old southern pine is carried out in the Linaceae of Hepu county, and the test is provided with 3 kinds of different cutting angle treatments with 30 degrees on the two sides, 40 degrees on the two sides and 60 degrees on the two sides, each treatment is arranged in a forest land with similar vertical and slope directions, and 30 plants are treated for continuous fat extraction for 3 years. The test result shows that: (1) the influence of different cutting included angles on each factor of the produced fat reaches an extremely obvious level; (2) the fat yield of different treatments is represented by the conditions that the two sides are 30 degrees, the two sides are 40 degrees, the two sides are 60 degrees, namely the larger the mining and cutting included angle is, the lower the yield is, the 30 degrees (forming the included angle of 60 degrees) of the two sides of the side channels have the highest fat yield total in a multi-year test, and the fat yield is respectively 17.4 percent and 29.3 percent higher than that of the 40 degrees and the 60 degrees of the two sides; (3) the test result also shows that the included angle of bilateral rosin collection is larger than 40 degrees, rosin flow is not facilitated, the rosin overflows from the ditch to be wasted, and the rosin can flow under the action of gravity when the included angle of rosin collection is 30-40 degrees. Therefore, the optimal cutting included angle for popularization in production is suggested to be 30 degrees bilaterally by taking the fat yield as a main part and taking practical operation as an auxiliary part.
(II) relationship between different cutting load rates and fat yield
A comparison test of different cutting load rates and fat yields of 15-year-old southern pine is carried out in Linaceae in Hepu county, the test sets 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% of 20cm radius (breast diameter 19.0-20.9cm) of fat-collecting load rate treatments, 35 strains of fat-collecting are treated differently in a test sample plot with similar soil fertility and slope direction, 5 strains of fat-collecting-free contrast are set, and fat-collecting is carried out continuously for 3 years. The analysis of the test results shows that: (1) in the 1 st year of initial fat collection of 20cm diameter order, the fat yield difference between different fat collection load rates is obvious, and the sequence of the fat yields is respectively as follows: the lipid mining load rate is 50 percent, more than 45 percent, more than 40 percent, more than 35 percent; (2) in the 2 nd and 3 rd years of fat collection, the fat yields of different fat collection load rates reach a significant difference, wherein the fat yield between 35% and 40% of the fat collection load rate has no significant difference, but the difference with 50% reaches a significant level, and the fat yield of 50% of the fat collection load rate is reduced by 23.6% and 12.7% respectively compared with 35% and 40%; (3) the continuous fat collection has different influences on the growth of the breast diameter, the annual breast diameter growth amount of 50% fat collection load rate and 35% load rate is 0.75cm and 1.47cm respectively, and the fat collection load rate in the medium-long term is preferably not more than 40% on the premise of considering both the pine resin yield and the wood yield.
(III) relationship between different fat sampling intervals and fat yield
A comparison test of different fat collection intervals and fat yield of 15-year-old southern pine is carried out in Linaceae in Hepu county, and the test sets 3 treatments of one mining in three days, one mining in two days and one mining in one day. In the test sample, plots with similar land strength and slope were selected, 32 plants were treated differently, and 5 non-fat-producing controls were set for continuous fat-producing for 3 years. The test result shows that: (1) in the 1 st year of the initial resin extraction, the output of turpentine is sorted into more than two days per day and more than three days per day; the yield of one harvest in one day is 7.52 times and 10.14 times of that of one harvest in two days and that of one harvest in three days respectively; (2) the results of the 2 nd and 3 rd resin extraction are opposite, the output of the turpentine is sorted into three days, one for more than two days, and one for more than one day; in the 2 nd year of fat collection, the yield of one collection in three days is respectively 1.05 times and 1.47 times of that of one collection in two days and one day; in the 3 rd year of fat collection, the yield of one collection in three days is 1.35 times and 1.56 times of that of one collection in two days and one day respectively; (3) when the fat is continuously collected, the growth of the breast diameter of the forest is influenced by one-day collection, the growth amount of the breast diameter is reduced by 32.3 percent and 25.7 percent respectively compared with one-day collection in three days and one-day collection in two days, (4) the consumption of the cutting surface is increased by 43.5 percent compared with one-day collection in three days and one-day collection in two days, and the labor intensity of one-day collection is improved by 3 times and 2 times respectively compared with one-day collection in three days and one-day collection in two days. The long-term fat collection of the southern pine in production is recommended to be popularized for one collection in three days or one collection in two days.
(IV) area formula of mining and cutting
The traditional high-load long-term fat collection seriously influences the growth of the southern pine, is not beneficial to realizing the balanced development of fat production and material production, and achieves the aim of obtaining larger economic benefit. The invention adopts a three-side fat extraction method to extract fat on the basis of researching fat extraction forest requirements and fat extraction technology and selecting better process parameters such as a cutting included angle, a fat extraction load rate, fat extraction interval time and the like. The specific formula of the area for sampling the fat is as follows:
Figure BDA0002399062250000051
in the formula: s1Representing the fat area of the first face of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dnRepresenting the diameter of breast in the nth harvest year, △ D representing the average increase of the annual diameter of breast, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
Figure BDA0002399062250000052
In the formula: s2Representing the fat area of the second face of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 16; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dn-1Representing the breast diameter of the (n-1) th harvest year, △ D representing the average annual breast diameter growth, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
S3＝{[D16π－(D16π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×γ×L×d+{[D17π－(D17π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×π×γ×L×d+…+{[Dn-1π－(Dn-1π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×π×γ×L×d (3)
In the formula: s3Representing the grease collection area of the third surface of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 17 and less than or equal to 24; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dn-1Representing the breast diameter of the (n-1) th harvest year, △ D representing the average annual breast diameter growth, DnIs set as the first itemD1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
SGeneral assembly＝S1+S2+S3(4)
In the formula: sGeneral assemblyRepresents the total fat area of southern Asian pine.
According to the invention, the healthy growth of the southern Asian pine is realized by strictly controlling the fat-collecting load rate and reserving the tree bark (nutrient band) with the length of more than 10cm for nutrient delivery, so that the great economic benefits of fat production and wood production are realized, and the problems that the growth of the southern Asian pine is seriously influenced by the traditional high-load long-term fat collection, the wood production is greatly reduced and the like are effectively solved.
On the basis of the above-described optimization parameters, the present invention is explained below by way of more specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a new method for long-term fat extraction of south Asian pine comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 15-year-old southern pine with a breast diameter of 20.8cm in Linaceae in Hepu county, selecting a first mining and cutting surface, and mining grease according to a descending type double-lateral ditch three-surface grease mining method from a position 1.6m away from the ground to a position 1.6m higher than a tree, wherein the grease mining load rate is 38%, the perimeter of the mining and cutting is 24.8cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the depth of the cutting ditch into xylem is 0.3cm, and the step distance is 0.1cm, and mining is performed for one day for three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 30cm, the width is 1.0cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is selected from a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the fat collection of the first surface is finished;
(2) reserving a nutrient band (the nutrient band and the nutrient band in the following embodiment both refer to a longitudinal continuous tree belt which is reserved on a trunk and is not harvested for guaranteeing the delivery and supply of water and nutrients) 11cm away from a first harvesting surface, performing second surface grease collection by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-surface grease collection method at a position 1.7m away from the ground to the height of the tree, wherein the grease collection load rate is 35%, the perimeter of the grease collection and cutting is 32.7cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the depth of the cutting ditch into the xylem is 0.3cm, the step distance is 0.1cm, and the grease collection is performed by one of three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 30cm, the width is 1.0cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is installed at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the fat collection of the second surface is completed;
(3) respectively reserving nutrient zones of 11cm and 12cm away from the first and second cutting surfaces, performing third surface fat collection by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-surface fat collection method at a position 1.8m away from the ground to the height of the tree, wherein the fat collection load rate is 23%, the cutting perimeter is 27.3cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into the xylem, the step pitch is 0.1cm, and the third surface fat collection is performed by one of three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 30cm, the width is 1.0cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is installed at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is selected from a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the third-side fat collection is completed;
(4) and (3) felling and selling the pine trees which finish three-side resin collection, calculating the resin collection area and the resin yield according to the formulas (1) to (4), counting the total yield of the sum of the pine resin income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a new method for long-term fat extraction of south Asian pine comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 15-year-old southern pine with a breast diameter of 20.3cm in Linaceae in Hepu county, and collecting fat from the place 1.7m away from the ground to the tree by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-side fat collection method, wherein the fat collection load rate is 40%, the collecting and cutting perimeter is 25.4cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into the xylem, the step distance is 0.12cm, and the southern pine is collected for one three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 32cm, the width is 1.2cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is installed at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the fat collection of the first surface is finished;
(2) reserving a nutrition band (the nutrition band and the nutrition band in the following embodiment both refer to a longitudinal continuous tree belt which is reserved on a trunk and is not harvested for guaranteeing the delivery and supply of water and nutrients) with a distance of 10cm from a first harvesting and cutting surface, performing second surface grease collection according to a descending type bilateral ditch trilateral grease collection method from the ground to a position 1.8m higher than the tree, wherein the grease collection load rate is 33%, the perimeter of the grease collection and cutting is 30.4cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the depth of the cutting ditch into the xylem is 0.3cm, the step distance is 0.12cm, and the grease collection is performed according to three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 32cm, the width is 1.2cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is installed at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is a plastic cup and fixed by wood products, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the fat collection of the second surface is completed;
(3) respectively reserving 10cm and 13cm nutrition zones away from the first and second cutting faces, performing third face liposuction by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-face liposuction method from the ground to a position 1.8m higher than the tree, wherein the liposuction load rate is 24%, the cutting perimeter is 28.1cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into the xylem, the step distance is 0.12cm, and the liposuction is performed by one day of three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 32cm, the width is 1.2cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is installed at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is selected from a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the third-side fat collection is completed;
(4) and (3) felling and selling the pine trees which finish three-side resin collection, calculating the resin collection area and the resin yield according to the formulas (1) to (4), counting the total yield of the sum of the pine resin income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a new method for long-term fat extraction of south Asian pine comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 15 years of southern pine with a breast diameter of 20.5cm in Linaceae in Hepu county, and collecting fat from the position 1.8m away from the ground to the tree height by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-side fat collection method, wherein the fat collection load rate is 40%, the collecting and cutting perimeter is 25.8cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into the xylem, the step distance is 0.11cm, and the southern pine is collected for one three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 36cm, the width is 1.3cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is selected from a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the fat collection of the first surface is finished;
(2) reserving a nutrient band (the nutrient band and the nutrient band in the following embodiment both refer to a longitudinal continuous tree belt which is reserved on a trunk and is not harvested for guaranteeing the delivery and supply of water and nutrients) 11cm away from a first harvesting surface, performing second surface grease collection by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-surface grease collection method at a position 1.8m away from the ground to the height of the tree, wherein the grease collection load rate is 32%, the perimeter of the grease collection and cutting is 29.6cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the depth of the cutting ditch into the xylem is 0.3cm, the step distance is 0.11cm, and the grease collection is performed by one of three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 36cm, the width is 1.3cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is a plastic cup and fixed by wood products, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the fat collection of the second surface is completed;
(3) respectively reserving nutrient zones of 11cm and 12cm away from the first and second cutting surfaces, performing third surface fat collection by a descending type double-lateral ditch three-surface fat collection method at a position 1.8m away from the ground to the height of the tree, wherein the fat collection load rate is 25%, the cutting perimeter is 29.4cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the included angle is 60 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into the xylem, the step pitch is 0.11cm, and the third surface fat collection is performed by one of three days; a middle ditch is cut on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, the cutting length is 36cm, the width is 1.3cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is selected from a plastic cup and fixed by a wooden product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type double-side ditch three-side fat collection method, so that the third-side fat collection is completed;
(4) and (3) felling and selling the pine trees which finish three-side resin collection, calculating the resin collection area and the resin yield according to the formulas (1) to (4), counting the total yield of the sum of the pine resin income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
Comparative example
Adopting a traditional high-load long-term fat extraction method to extract fat:
(1) selecting 15-year-old southern Asia pine with diameter at breast height of 20cm in Linke of Hepu county, collecting fat from 2m from ground to tree height by a descending fat collection method, wherein the fat collection load rate is 60%, the collecting and cutting perimeter is 37.7cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into xylem, the step distance is 0.1cm, and collecting is carried out for one day in three days; cutting a middle ditch at the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, wherein the cutting length is 30cm, the width is 1.0cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is a plastic cup and fixed by a wood product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type bilateral ditch fat collection method;
(2) building a 2m wooden ladder on a cutting face, selecting a position 4m away from the ground to the height of a tree, and adopting grease by a descending grease collection method, wherein the load rate of the grease collection is 60 percent, the perimeter of the cutting is 45.2cm, the single included angle is 30 degrees, the cutting ditch is 0.3cm deep into the xylem, the step pitch is 0.1cm, and the grease is collected within three days; cutting a middle ditch at the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, wherein the cutting length is 30cm, the width is 1.0cm, the depth is 0.5cm, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat receiving container is a plastic cup and fixed by a wood product, and fat is collected for 8 years by a descending type bilateral ditch fat collection method;
(3) and (4) cutting and selling the pine trees which finish the resin collection, counting the total yield of the sum of the pine resin income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
The economic benefits per acre of examples 1-3 and comparative examples were counted as shown in table 1.
Figure BDA0002399062250000081
Figure BDA0002399062250000091
From the above table, it can be seen that: the economic benefits obtained with the processes of examples 1-3 are far greater than those obtained with the comparative process, at least 125.47%, 84.43% and 103.22%. Meanwhile, the cutting height below 2m is strictly controlled in the embodiments 1-3, and no support is needed to climb to collect grease, so that the personal safety of grease farmers is guaranteed, and the labor efficiency is obviously improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A new method for long-term fat extraction of southern pine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting more than 15-year-old southern Asian pine, and collecting fat by a descending type double-lateral-ditch three-face fat collection method; a middle ditch is arranged on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, and a resin receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch to finish the first surface resin collection of the tree;
the specific area of the collected fat is calculated according to the formula (1):
Figure FDA0002399062240000011
in the formula: s1Representing the fat area of the first face of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dnRepresenting the diameter of breast in the nth harvest year, △ D representing the average increase of the annual diameter of breast, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is the circumferential rate, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, D is the number of days of fat collection;
(2) reserving a nutrition zone more than 10cm away from the first cutting surface, and completing fat collection of the second surface by a descending type double-lateral-ditch three-surface fat collection method;
the specific area of the collected fat is calculated according to the formula (2):
Figure FDA0002399062240000012
in the formula: s2Representing the fat area of the second face of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 16; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dn-1Representing the breast diameter of the (n-1) th harvest year, △ D representing the average annual breast diameter growth, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is the circumferential rate, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, D is the number of days of fat collection;
(3) reserving nutrient zones more than 10cm away from the first and second cutting surfaces respectively, and completing third surface fat collection according to a descending type double-lateral-ditch three-surface fat collection method;
(4) and (4) cutting and selling the pine trees which finish the first, second and third face resin picking, counting the total yield of the sum of the income of the pine trees and the income of the wood, and calculating the economic benefit.
2. The method for long-term fat tapping of southern Asian pine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fat tapping is performed by a descending bilateral and trilateral fat tapping method from the ground to 1.6-1.8m from the height of the tree in step (1).
3. The method for long-term liposuction of southern pine and Asian pine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fat-receiving container in step (1) is plastic cup.
4. The method for long-term liposuction of southern pine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the liposuction container is fixed by wood.
5. The method for long-term fat extraction of south Asian pine according to claim 1, wherein the specific fat extraction area in step (3) is calculated according to formula (3):
S3＝{[D16π－(D16π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×γ×L×d+{[D17π－(D17π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×π×γ×L×d+…+{[Dn-1π－(Dn-1π－D1×π×γ)×γ－D1×π×γ]÷2}×π×γ×L×d (3)
in the formula: s3Representing the grease collection area of the third surface of the southern Asian pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 17 and less than or equal to 24; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dn-1Representing the breast diameter of the (n-1) th harvest year, △ D representing the average annual breast diameter growth, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
6. The method for long-term fat extraction from southern pine according to claim 1, wherein the total fat extraction area in step (4) is calculated according to formula (4):
Sgeneral assembly＝S1+S2+S3(4)
In the formula: sGeneral assemblyRepresents the total fat area of southern Asian pine.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the medial groove is bi-directional 30 degrees and forms an angle of 60 degrees in steps (1), (2) and (3).
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CN103583314A (en) * 2013-11-19 2014-02-19 广西大学 Resin tapping method

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SU656589A1 (en) * 1972-08-25 1979-04-15 Слатский Леспромхоз Device for gathering soft resin
CN2082079U (en) * 1990-10-08 1991-08-07 苍梧县龙圩镇日用制品厂 Plastic receptacle for pine resin
CN102090300A (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-06-15 南京林业大学 Method for collecting resin of sweetgum
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Application publication date: 20200526