CN111328663A - Method for short-term intensity fat-collecting before pine felling abroad - Google Patents
Method for short-term intensity fat-collecting before pine felling abroad Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine felling, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting foreign pine with the growth of more than 12 years, collecting fat by a descending bilateral sulcus fat collection method, and selecting the cutting step distance of 0.1 cm; (2) a middle ditch is arranged on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end, the fat collecting load rate is 60-65%, the width of the nutrition belt is more than 20cm, and the fat collection is completed 3-5 years before felling. The method can realize the large production value of short-term fat-collecting and fat-producing materials before foreign pine felling, and solves the problems of backward fat-collecting technology, low economic benefit and the like.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of foreign pine fat collection, and particularly relates to a novel method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine felling.
[ background of the invention ]
Foreign pine generally refers to high-quality and fast-growing pine introduced from north america in the last thirties of China, and the main tree species include slash pine, caribbean pine, loblolly pine and the like.
The traditional foreign pine and resin extraction method has the problems of laggard technology, poor forest stand quality, slow forest growth, low resin yield per unit area, low economic benefit and the like.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention provides a new method for grease collection in short-term strength before foreign pine felling, which aims to solve the problems of laggard technology, poor forest stand quality, slow forest growth, low grease yield per unit area, low economic benefit and the like in the traditional foreign pine grease collection method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a new method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine felling comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting foreign pine with the growth of more than 12 years, collecting fat by a descending bilateral sulcus fat collection method, and selecting the cutting step distance of 0.1 cm;
(2) a middle ditch is arranged on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, a grease receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the grease collecting load rate is 60-65%, and grease collecting for 3-5 years is completed.
Further, the diameter at breast height of the foreign pine in the step (1) is more than 16 cm.
Furthermore, a nutrition belt with the width of more than 20cm is reserved during the fat collection in the step (2).
Further, the fat-receiving container in the step (2) is a plastic film bag.
Furthermore, the fat-receiving container is fixed by adopting bamboo products.
Further, the interval period of the fat collection in the step (2) is 1 collection in 3 days or 1 collection in 2 days.
Further, the specific fat area in the step (2) is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: s represents the fat area of foreign pine; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dnRepresenting the diameter of breast in the nth harvest year, △ D representing the average increase of the annual diameter of breast, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) aiming at the current situation of severe soil acidification in parts of southern areas, the invention innovating the technical measure of combining the regulation of soil pH value and the reasonable preparation of compound fertilizer, adopts a large amount of elemental fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer in a reasonable proportion, wherein the large amount of elemental fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer can promote the high growth of trees and increase the yield, and is an effective method; in addition, the lime powder is applied to promote and adjust the soil acidity of the forest stand, decompose soil organic matters, and indirectly promote the secretion of turpentine of the forest, so that the economic benefit obtained by the method is far greater than that obtained by the traditional method.
(2) The method is suitable for short-term fat collection before felling of foreign pine, can realize fat collection to a greater degree, does not influence the growth of the foreign pine, and realizes a greater yield value of the produced material.
(3) The method solves the problems of laggard technology, poor forest stand quality, slow forest growth, low fat yield per unit area, low economic benefit and the like of the traditional foreign pine fat recovery method.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a descending type liposuction method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front of rosin tapping abroad.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention researches the relation between different fat-collecting intervals and the fat yield and the relation between different lateral ditch cutting step distances and the fat yield, and selects the optimal process parameters of the fat-collecting interval period, the cutting depth and the cutting load rate, thereby providing a theoretical and data basis for realizing the achievement of larger economic benefits of fat and material production.
(I) relationship between different intervals of blood fat sampling and amount of blood fat produced
In 2015, a 12-year contrast test of different fat-collecting intervals and fat yields of the pine abroad was carried out at the Linke department in Hepu county. The test set is 4 treatments of 12-year-old foreign pine, including 3 days 1 harvest, 2 days 1 harvest, 1 day 1 harvest and 1 day 2 harvest, and the number of grease collecting plants in each treatment is 35 by selecting the sample plot with similar soil fertility and slope direction. The test result shows that: (1) in the 1 st year of the initial fat collection, the fat yield is highest in 2 days 1 and the fat yield is lowest in 1 day 3; (2) the results of the 2 nd and 3 rd years of fat collection are opposite to the 1 st year, the fat yield of 1 st collection in 3 days and 1 st collection in 2 days are respectively 1.9 times and 1.5 times of that of 2 nd collection in 1 day, the fat yield of 1 st collection in 1 day is third, and the fat yield of 2 nd collection in 1 day is lowest; (3) the test result also shows that the interval period of the oil extraction not only affects the output of the pine resin, but also affects the breast diameter and the volume of a single plant, the 1-day 2-extraction has the lowest oil yield under the condition of continuous oil extraction for a plurality of years, the annual breast diameter growth amount is respectively reduced by 55 percent and 45 percent compared with the 3-day 1-extraction and the 2-day 1-extraction, the secant face consumption is respectively increased by 50 percent and 40 percent, and the labor capacity is respectively increased by 6 times and 4 times. Therefore, the large-scale fat collection of foreign pine is recommended to be popularized for 1 collection in 3 days or 1 collection in 2 days.
(II) relationship between different cutting depths and fat yield
In 2015, 12-year-old slash pine different fat collection depths (depth into xylem) and fat production amount experimental studies were conducted in the forestry department of Hepu county, 3 sets of 0.5cm, 0.8cm and 1.2cm cutting depth treatments were set, and the number of fat collection strains in each treatment was 35 by selecting the same plot with similar land strength and slope direction. The test result shows that: (1) the difference of the different cutting depths to the output of the pine resin and the growth quantity of the breast diameter is not obvious; (2) but the cutting depth can affect the quality of the wood, the cutting depth is too deep, the quality of the wood is reduced, and the purchase price of the wood is reduced; meanwhile, the cutting depth of 0.8-1.2c is easy to cause slight tearing of wood, wind falling and breaking from the cutting surface, thus causing economic loss. On the premise of balancing the yield of wood and rosin, the optimal cutting depth suggested to be popularized in production is 0.5 cm.
(III) relationship between different cutting load rates and fat yield
In 2015, a comparison test of different cutting load rates and fat yields of 12-year-old foreign pines was carried out in Linaceae in Hepu county, and in the test, 3 fat-collecting load rate treatments of 40%, 55% and 70% are set in a 16-18cm diameter step (breast diameter 15.0-18.9cm), sample plots with similar soil fertility and slope direction are selected in the test, the number of fat-collecting strains in each treatment is 35, and 5 fat-collecting strains are not used as controls. And (3) carrying out continuous 2-year fat collection analysis, wherein the test result shows that: (1) in the 1 st year of the initial fat collection of 16-18cm diameter order, the fat yield difference of 3 different fat collection load rates reaches a significant level, the yield is sequenced into that the fat collection load rate is 40 percent, 55 percent and 70 percent, and the fat yield of 70 percent is respectively 1.52 times and 0.97 times of the fat collection load rate of 40 percent and the fat collection load rate of 55 percent; (2) in the 2 nd year of resin collection, the difference of the pine resin yield among different resin collection load rates is obvious, but the sequencing of the yield is opposite to the 1 st year, the results show that the resin collection load rate is more than 70% and more than 55% and more than 40%, in addition, the resin collection load rate has important influence on the breast diameter growth, the breast diameter annual growth rate sequencing is that the resin collection load rate is more than 70% and more than 55% and more than 40%, the breast diameter growth rate with 70% of the resin collection load rate is only 0.32cm, the resin collection load rate reaches 0.96cm, the condition that the resin collection load rate is too large under the continuous resin collection condition simultaneously influences the pine resin yield and the wood yield, and the overload resin collection is not advisable at the cost of consuming the normal growth of forest trees and the long-term yield of the pine resin. The production suggests that the load rate of medium-long term fat extraction is 40-55%, and the load rate can be below 70% only under the specific conditions of short term fat extraction or pre-harvest strength fat extraction.
(IV) area formula of mining and cutting
The traditional high-load fat sampling seriously influences the growth of foreign pine, is not beneficial to realizing the balanced development of fat production and material production, and achieves the aim of obtaining larger economic benefit. On the basis of researching the requirements of the resin production forest and the resin production technology and selecting better process parameters such as the resin production interval period, the cutting depth, the cutting load rate and the like, the invention adopts a single-sided strength resin production method to produce resin for 3-5 years before felling, and increases the income of pine resin on the premise of not obviously influencing the growth of wood. The specific area of the collected fat is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: s represents the area of foreign pine resin production; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dnRepresenting the breast diameter of the nth harvest year, △ D tableMean increase of chest diameter in year; dnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
According to the invention, the fat-collecting load rate is strictly controlled, a certain amount of nutrients conveyed by the bark is reserved, and the healthy growth of foreign pine is realized, so that the greater economic benefits of fat production and wood production are realized, and the problems that the growth of foreign pine is seriously influenced by the traditional single-sided high-load short-term fat collection, the yield of the wood is greatly reduced, and the like are effectively solved.
On the basis of the above-described optimization parameters, the present invention is explained below by way of more specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a new method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine felling comprises the following steps:
(1) lime powder is applied to a foreign pine and vegetable oil-collecting forest to adjust the pH value of the soil in the forest stand, and a macroelement fertilizer and a microelement fertilizer are applied, wherein the macroelement fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer of urea, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium chloride, the microelement fertilizer is a formula crystal fertilizer, and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the early autumn in the late summer 1 year before the vegetable oil is collected; the content of the N element in the compound fertilizer is 95.31kg/hm2The content of the P element is 67.24kg/hm2The content of K element is 59.12kg/hm2The content of the trace elements is 28.06kg/hm2The content of the lime powder is 759.48kg/hm2Digging fertilizing ditches between two foreign pines, wherein the size is 40cm × 20cm × 20cm, firstly applying microelement fertilizer, covering 5cm of surface soil, then applying macroelement fertilizer, covering soil with soil 4cm higher than the surface, selecting foreign pines with the 12-year-old breast diameter of 16.3cm, adopting a descending type double-side ditch to collect grease from the position 1.5m away from the ground to the height of a tree, adopting a single included angle of 30 degrees, arranging a grease receiving container at the lower end of the middle ditch, adopting a plastic cup as the grease receiving container, fixing by adopting a bamboo product, wherein the grease collecting load rate is 60%, the cutting surface is 30.7cm, the nutrition belt width is 20.5cm, and the circumference of the grease receiving container is 5 years;
(2) and (3) cutting and selling the foreign pine which finishes the fat collection, calculating the fat collection area and the fat yield according to a fat collection area formula, counting the total yield of the sum of the pine fat income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a new method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine felling comprises the following steps:
(1) lime powder is applied to a foreign pine and vegetable oil-collecting forest to adjust the pH value of the soil in the forest stand, and a macroelement fertilizer and a microelement fertilizer are applied, wherein the macroelement fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer of urea, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium chloride, the microelement fertilizer is a formula crystal fertilizer, and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the early autumn in the late summer 1 year before the vegetable oil is collected; the content of the N element in the compound fertilizer is 95.31kg/hm2The content of the P element is 67.24kg/hm2The content of K element is 59.12kg/hm2The content of the trace elements is 28.06kg/hm2The content of the lime powder is 759.48kg/hm2The compound fertilizer applying method comprises the steps of digging a fertilizing ditch between two foreign pines, wherein the fertilizing ditch is 40cm × 20cm × 20cm in specification, applying microelement fertilizer, covering 5cm of surface soil, applying macroelement fertilizer, and covering soil with the soil 4cm higher than the surface, selecting foreign pines with the 12-year-old breast diameter of 16.8cm, adopting a descending type double-side ditch to collect grease from the position 1.6m away from the ground to the height of a tree, adopting a single included angle of 30 degrees, arranging a grease receiving container at the lower end of the middle ditch, selecting a plastic film bag as the grease receiving container, fixing the wood product, wherein the grease collecting load rate is 60%, the cutting surface is 31.7cm, the nutrition belt width is 21cm, and the grease is collected continuously for 5 years;
(2) and cutting the foreign pine which finishes the resin collection, selling the foreign pine, calculating the resin collection area and the resin yield according to an area formula, counting the total yield of the sum of the pine resin income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a new method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine felling comprises the following steps:
(1) in HepuLime powder is applied to a foreign pine and forest chemical resin gathering forest to adjust the soil pH value of the forest stand, and a macroelement fertilizer and a microelement fertilizer are applied, wherein the macroelement fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer of urea, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium chloride, the microelement fertilizer is a formula crystal fertilizer, and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the early autumn and late summer 1 year before and after resin gathering; the content of the N element in the compound fertilizer is 95.31kg/hm2The content of the P element is 67.24kg/hm2The content of K element is 59.12kg/hm2The content of the trace elements is 28.06kg/hm2The content of the lime powder is 759.48kg/hm2Digging fertilizing ditches between two foreign pines, wherein the fertilizing ditches are 40cm × cm × cm in specification, firstly applying microelement fertilizer, covering 5cm of surface soil, then applying macroelement fertilizer, and covering soil with the soil 4cm higher than the surface, selecting foreign pines with the 12-year-old breast diameter of 17.2cm, adopting a descending type double-side ditch to collect grease from the position 1.5m away from the ground to the height of a tree, adopting a single included angle of 30 degrees, arranging a grease receiving container at the lower end of the middle ditch, adopting a plastic cup as the grease receiving container, fixing by adopting a bamboo product, wherein the grease collecting load rate is 62%, the cutting surface is 33.4cm, the nutrition belt width is 20.5cm, and the circumference of the grease receiving container is 5 years;
(2) and (3) cutting off foreign pine which finishes the fat collection, calculating the fat collection area and the fat yield according to a fat collection area formula, counting the total yield of the sum of the pine fat income and the wood income, and calculating the economic benefit.
Comparative example 1
Basically the same method as that of example 1, except that the top dressing is changed into a macroelement fertilizer (no lime powder).
The economic benefits per acre of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were counted as shown in table 1.
| Experimental project | Pine resin income (Wanyuan) | Wood income (Wanyuan) | Total income (Wanyuan) |
| Example 1 | 0.7278 | 0.9478 | 1.6756 |
| Example 2 | 0.8372 | 0.9893 | 1.8265 |
| Example 3 | 0.8812 | 1.0021 | 1.8833 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.6136 | 0.7659 | 1.3795 |
From the above table, it can be seen that: the economic benefits (total revenue) obtained for examples 1-3 were 21.46%, 32.40% and 36.52% respectively for comparative example 1.
In addition, aiming at the current situation of severe soil acidification in parts of southern areas, the invention innovating the technical measure of combining the regulation of soil pH value and the reasonable preparation of compound fertilizer, adopts a large amount of element fertilizer and trace element fertilizer in a reasonable proportion, wherein the application of the large amount of element fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer can promote the high growth of trees and increase the yield of wood, and is an effective method; in addition, the lime powder is applied to have obvious effects on decomposition of ground organic matters, microbial communities and fertilizer efficiency, secretion of rosin of forest trees is indirectly promoted, the lime powder and trace elements are added more in the method of the example 1 than in the method of the comparative example 1, and 21.46% of economic benefit is obtained by applying less investment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for short-term fat collection before foreign pine felling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting foreign pine with the growth of more than 12 years, collecting fat by a descending bilateral sulcus fat collection method, and selecting the cutting step distance of 0.1 cm;
(2) a middle ditch is arranged on the longitudinal central line of the cutting surface, a fat receiving container is arranged at the lower end of the middle ditch, the fat collecting load rate is 60-65%, and the fat collection is completed 3-5 years before felling.
2. The new method for short-term intensity fat harvest before foreign pine deforestation in claim 1, wherein the chest diameter of the foreign pine in step (1) is above 16 cm.
3. The new method for short-term intensity pre-pine-fell fatliquor abroad according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient band with a width of 20cm or more is left when the fatliquor is harvested in the step (2).
4. The new method for short-term intensity fat collection before foreign pine-fell as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the fat-receiving container is selected from plastic film bag.
5. The new method for short-term intensity pre-pine-fell fat collection abroad according to claim 4, wherein the fat-receiving container is fixed by bamboo products.
6. The new method for short-term intensity pre-pine-fell fatliquor abroad according to claim 1, wherein the interval period of the fatliquor in the step (2) is 3 days-1 or 2 days-1.
7. The new method for fat collection in short-term intensity before foreign pine felling according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific fat collection area in step (2) is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: s represents the area of fat collection; n represents the year of mining and cutting, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5; d1Representing the diameter of the breast during extraction; dnRepresenting the diameter of breast in the nth harvest year, △ D representing the average increase of the annual diameter of breast, DnIs set as the first item D1The tolerance is △ D, pi is circumference ratio, 3.14 is taken, gamma is the fat-collecting load rate, L is the step pitch value, and D is the number of days of fat collection.
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| SU1197604A1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-12-15 | Архангельский институт леса и лесохимии | Stimulator for oleoresin yield when tapping a pine tree |
| FR2774258A1 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-06 | Derives Resiniques Terpenique | Equipment for making cuts in tree bark for collection of pine resin |
| CN102487781A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-13 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | Turpentine collection method, lipotrophic agent used in method and method for preparing lipotrophic agent |
| CN105075798A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-25 | 郭志文 | Ultralow-frequency resin tapping method |
| CN105684828A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | Promoted resin tapping method following natural rule |
| CN107996573A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-08 | 梧州市林业技术推广站（国家林业局市外向型改革实验区办公室） | A kind of new masson pine fatting agent |
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2020
- 2020-03-03 CN CN202010140504.9A patent/CN111328663A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1197604A1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-12-15 | Архангельский институт леса и лесохимии | Stimulator for oleoresin yield when tapping a pine tree |
| FR2774258A1 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-06 | Derives Resiniques Terpenique | Equipment for making cuts in tree bark for collection of pine resin |
| CN102487781A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-13 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | Turpentine collection method, lipotrophic agent used in method and method for preparing lipotrophic agent |
| CN105075798A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-25 | 郭志文 | Ultralow-frequency resin tapping method |
| CN105684828A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | Promoted resin tapping method following natural rule |
| CN107996573A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-08 | 梧州市林业技术推广站（国家林业局市外向型改革实验区办公室） | A kind of new masson pine fatting agent |
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Application publication date: 20200626 |