CN111184279A - 一种重复使用的防护服 - Google Patents

一种重复使用的防护服 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111184279A
CN111184279A CN202010135743.5A CN202010135743A CN111184279A CN 111184279 A CN111184279 A CN 111184279A CN 202010135743 A CN202010135743 A CN 202010135743A CN 111184279 A CN111184279 A CN 111184279A
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protective clothing
less
equal
polyester filament
protective
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CN111184279B (zh
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邢介虎
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Shandong Juntai Medical Protective Product Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Juntai Medical Protective Product Technology Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/079009 priority Critical patent/WO2021174575A1/zh
Priority to EP20923471.5A priority patent/EP4023091A4/en
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Publication of CN111184279B publication Critical patent/CN111184279B/zh
Priority to US17/693,297 priority patent/US20220192292A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/008—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting against electric shocks or static electricity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/0002—Details of protective garments not provided for in groups A41D13/0007 - A41D13/1281
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A41D13/12—Surgeons' or patients' gowns or dresses
    • A41D13/1209—Surgeons' gowns or dresses
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    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic System; Aluminates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
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    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种重复使用的防护服，所述防护服的参数包括：（1）液体阻隔功能，抗渗水压：新防护服的静水压(cm H20)≥1100cm H20；反复使用100次的静水压(cm H20)≥40cm H20；（2）所用材料的透湿量≥2500 g/(m2·d)；反复使用20次的透湿量≥5000 g/(m2·d)；反复使用100次的透湿量≥8000 g/(m2·d)；（3）抗合成血液穿透性不低于GB19082‑2009表3中的2级；（4）外侧面沾水等级不低于3级；（5）断裂强力不小于45N；（6）断裂伸长率不小于15%；（7）对非油性颗粒的过滤效率不小于70%；（8）带电量不大于0.6μC/件；（9）静电衰减时间不超过0.5s；（10）续燃时间小于或等于15s，阴燃时间小于或等于10s；损毁长度小于20mm。本发明防护服抗渗水性高达1100厘米以上，且本发明单次使用成本更低。

Description

一种重复使用的防护服
技术领域
本发明涉及防护服的技术领域，具体的是一种重复使用的防护服。
背景技术
现有技术中，一次性防护服的弊端太多，具体如下：1.一次性防护服本身防 护级别就很低，抗渗水性一般只有17厘米，属于最低级防护；2.材质强度低， 容易破损。感染后的病人因为恐惧、痉挛、抽搐等原因会拉扯救治医护人员，导 致防护服破损，更容易导致医护人员感染；3.使用时间短，6-8小时就要更换； 4.一次性防护服的透气性差，医护人员几小时穿在身上闷热流汗，大大降低医护 人员的体能消耗，不利于医护人员自身健康及救治工作的进行；5.一次性防护服 使用过后，需要外出焚烧处理，外出焚烧过程中每个环节接触人员都存在被感染 的风险；焚烧过程中还会产生二噁英等致癌物，导致环境污染；6.一次性防护服 的成本高。7.一次性材料在使用过程中会产生大量碎屑、微粒，漂浮在空气中本 身就是一种细菌、病毒的载体，成为一种传播途径。这就是现有技术中的不足之 处。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题，就是针对现有技术所存在的不足，而提供一种重复使用的防护服，本发明防护服的抗渗水性达到1100厘米以上，反复使用100次的防护服的抗渗水性在40厘米以上，依旧高于一次防护服的抗渗水性。本发明的技术方案如下：
一种重复使用的防护服，所述防护服的参数如下：
（一）液体阻隔功能，抗渗水压：
（1）新防护服的静水压 (cm H20)≥1100cm H20
（2）反复使用100次的静水压 (cm H20)≥40cm H20
本发明防护服的全部区域抗渗水性均达到以上标准。
/（二）防护服所用医用复合材料的透湿量
（1）透湿量≥2500 g/(m2·d)
（2）反复使用20次的透湿量≥5000 g/(m2·d)
（3）反复使用100次的透湿量≥8000 g/(m2·d)
/（三）抗合成血液穿透性
防护服抗合成血液穿透性不低于GB19082-2009表3中的2级
/（四）表面抗湿性
防护服外侧面沾水等级不低于3级
/（五）断裂强力
防护服材料放入断裂强力不小于45N
/（六）断裂伸长率
防护服材料的断裂伸长率不小于15%
/（七）过滤效率
防护服材料及接缝处对非油性颗粒的过滤效率不小于70%
/（八）抗静电性
防护服的带电量不大于0.6μC/件
/（九）静电衰减性能
防护服材料的静电衰减时间不超过0.5s
/（十）防护服的续燃时间小于或等于15s，所述防护服的阴燃时间小于或等于10s，防护服的损毁长度小于20mm。
上述参数中（一）/（二）/（三）/（四）/（五）/（六）/（七）/（八）/（九）中的“/”表示“和/或”。
本发明为可重复使用的防护服，其通过医用复合材料制备获得，所述医用复合材料的制造工艺，具体步骤为：
（1）制造阻燃性聚酯长丝纤维
采用空气变形工艺使聚酯长丝纤维表面降低质地坚硬、光滑的程度，处理后的将聚酯长丝纤维浸入阻燃整理液中，然后经过预烘和焙烘工艺，使阻燃剂在织物上沉积、交联，获得阻燃性聚酯长丝纤维，所述聚酯长丝纤维为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂（PET）长丝纤维；
所述阻燃整理液的主要成分为改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂。改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂的制备方法为：首先，通过碳分法制备出氢氧化铝凝胶；然后用水热合成方法对凝胶进行水热结构改性，即改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂。
（2）制造导电丝纤维
使用纤维截面为圆形的涤纶长丝纤维，将碳离子充分渗透涤纶长丝纤维；然后采用镀膜工艺，将碳离子附着固定于纤维表面，厚度约1微米；
（3）将步骤（1）获得聚酯长丝纤维与步骤（2）获得的导电丝纤维织造成一种具备防静电功能的纺织材料，导电丝间隔距离1厘米；
（4）制造阻菌膜
利用聚氨基甲酸脂（PU）制作厚度为 0.012-0.035mm 厚度的薄膜，即得阻菌膜；
所述阻菌膜的结构：每平方厘米有13.95亿个微孔，每个微孔孔径280nm；本发明中微孔孔径小于液态水分子团直径0.1mm-7mm 2000倍，大于汽态水分子团直径3nm-4nm 70倍。
（5）医用复合材料制造
上下两层均使用步骤（3）获得的纺织材料，中间层为阻菌膜，采用聚酯胶水滚涂复合工艺，将三层材料复合，即得医用复合材料。
此外，本发明可重复使用的防护服在制作过程中所有缝线部分全部用防水胶条贴制。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
（1）防护服的防护核心指标为抗渗水性，一次性防护服只有17厘米，本发明使用的医用复合材料具有三防一透一阻功能的新材料，其抗渗水性高达1100厘米以上，分别洗涤20次、100次以后送全球权威检测机构英国INTERTEK检测，结果显示，洗涤20次抗渗水性800厘米以上，湿气透过率9000g以上（标准2500g）；洗涤100次抗渗水性最低85厘米，湿气透过率超过10000g。
（2）本发明可以重复使用，有备用可重复防护服使用，医护人员不用担心防护服供应不及时导致感染问题，同时解决医护人员生理问题，可以不用憋尿，垫纸尿裤。
（3）本发明提高了防护服的湿气透过率，医护人员汗气能够透出，大大减少医护人员的体能消耗，有利于医护人员自身健康及救治工作的进行。
（4）可在医院内部设置洗涤消毒灭菌空间，实现医院内部循环使用的闭环，防止外出洗涤消毒造成二次多环节的病毒传播。
（5）本发明防护服的单次使用成本更低，给国家节省大量医疗资源。
具体实施方式
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将运用 具体的实施例，对本发明保护的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，下面所 描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部的实施例。基于本专利中的 实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实 施例，都属于本专利保护的范围。
实施例1：一种重复使用的防护服
所述防护服的参数如下：
（一）液体阻隔功能，抗渗水压（GB/T 4744-2013（60cmH2O/min,水温：20℃））：
（1）新防护服的静水压 (cm H20)≥1100cm H20。
（2）反复使用100次的静水压 (cm H20)≥40cm H20
本发明防护服的全部区域抗渗水性均达到以上标准。
/（二）防护服所用医用复合材料的透湿量（GB/T 12704.2-2009 f方法B（温度：38℃，相对湿度：50%））
（1）透湿量≥2500 g/(m2·d)
（2）反复使用20次的透湿量≥5000 g/(m2·d)
（3）反复使用100次的透湿量≥8000 g/(m2·d)
/（三）抗合成血液穿透性
防护服抗合成血液穿透性不低于GB19082-2009表3中的2级。
/（四）表面抗湿性
防护服外侧面沾水等级不低于3级。
/（五）断裂强力
防护服材料的断裂强力不小于45N
/（六）断裂伸长率
防护服材料的断裂伸长率不小于15%
/（七）过滤效率
防护服材料及接缝处对非油性颗粒的过滤效率不小于70%
/（八）抗静电性
防护服的带电量不大于0.6μC/件
/（九）静电衰减性能
防护服材料的静电衰减时间不超过0.5s。
/（十）防护服的续燃时间小于或等于15s，所述防护服的阴燃时间小于或等于10s，防护服的损毁长度小于20mm。
实施例2：一种可重复使用的防护服
防护服通过医用复合材料制备获得，所述医用复合材料的制造工艺，具体步骤为：
（1）制造阻燃性聚酯长丝纤维
采用空气变形工艺使聚酯长丝纤维表面降低质地坚硬、光滑的程度，处理后的将聚酯长丝纤维浸入阻燃整理液中，然后经过预烘和焙烘工艺，使阻燃剂在织物上沉积、交联，获得阻燃性聚酯长丝纤维，所述聚酯长丝纤维为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂（PET）长丝纤维；
所述阻燃整理液的主要成分为改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂。改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂的制备方法为：首先，通过碳分法制备出氢氧化铝凝胶；然后用水热合成方法对凝胶进行水热结构改性，即改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂。
（2）制造导电丝纤维
使用纤维截面为圆形的涤纶长丝纤维，将碳离子充分渗透涤纶长丝纤维；然后采用镀膜工艺，将碳离子附着固定于纤维表面，厚度约1微米；
（3）将步骤（1）获得聚酯长丝纤维与步骤（2）获得的导电丝纤维织造成一种具备防静电功能的纺织材料，导电丝间隔距离1厘米；
（4）制造阻菌膜
利用聚氨基甲酸脂（PU）制作厚度为 0.012-0.035mm 厚度的薄膜，即得阻菌膜；
所述阻菌膜的结构：每平方厘米有13.95亿个微孔，每个微孔孔径280nm；本发明中微孔孔径小于液态水分子团直径0.1mm-7mm 2000倍，大于汽态水分子团直径3nm-4nm 70倍。
（5）医用复合材料制造
上下两层均使用步骤（3）获得的纺织材料，中间层为阻菌膜，采用聚酯胶水滚涂复合工艺，将三层材料复合，即得医用复合材料。
实验例：
本发明防护服的整体成本一般在2000元以内，可以反复使用100次，单次使用成本为20元；量产之后，综合成本降低，单次使用成本可以达到15元左右。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参考即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点、创造性的特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种重复使用的防护服，其特征在于，所述防护服的参数如下：
（一）液体阻隔功能，抗渗水压：
（1）新防护服的静水压 (cm H20)≥1100cm H20
（2）反复使用100次的静水压 (cm H20)≥40cm H20
/（二）防护服所用医用复合材料的透湿量
（1）透湿量≥2500 g/(m2·d)
（2）反复使用20次的透湿量≥5000 g/(m2·d)
（3）反复使用100次的透湿量≥8000 g/(m2·d)
/（三）抗合成血液穿透性
防护服抗合成血液穿透性不低于GB19082-2009表3中的2级
/（四）表面抗湿性
防护服外侧面沾水等级不低于3级
/（五）断裂强力
防护服材料的断裂强力不小于45N
/（六）断裂伸长率
防护服材料的断裂伸长率不小于15%
/（七）过滤效率
防护服材料及接缝处对非油性颗粒的过滤效率不小于70%
/（八）抗静电性
防护服的带电量不大于0.6μC/件
/（九）静电衰减性能
防护服材料的静电衰减时间不超过0.5s
/（十）防护服的续燃时间小于或等于15s，所述防护服的阴燃时间小于或等于10s，防护服的损毁长度小于20mm。
2.如权利要求1所述可重复使用的防护服，通过医用复合材料制备获得，所述医用复合材料的制造工艺，具体步骤为：
（1）制造阻燃性聚酯长丝纤维
采用空气变形工艺使聚酯长丝纤维表面降低质地坚硬、光滑的程度，处理后的将聚酯长丝纤维浸入阻燃整理液中，然后经过预烘和焙烘工艺，使阻燃剂在织物上沉积、交联，获得阻燃性聚酯长丝纤维；
（2）制造导电丝纤维
使用纤维截面为圆形的涤纶长丝纤维，将碳离子充分渗透涤纶长丝纤维；然后采用镀膜工艺，将碳离子附着固定于纤维表面，厚度约1微米；
（3）将步骤（1）获得聚酯长丝纤维与步骤（2）获得的导电丝纤维织造成一种具备防静电功能的纺织材料，导电丝间隔距离1厘米；
（4）制造阻菌膜
利用聚氨基甲酸脂（PU）制作厚度为 0.012-0.035mm 厚度的薄膜，即得阻菌膜；
（5）医用复合材料制造
上下两层均使用步骤（3）获得的纺织材料，中间层为阻菌膜，采用聚酯胶水滚涂复合工艺，将三层材料复合，即得医用复合材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述可重复使用的防护服，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中，聚酯长丝纤维为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂（PET）长丝纤维。
4.根据权利要求2所述可重复使用的防护服，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中，所述阻燃整理液的主要成分为改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述可重复使用的防护服，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中，所述改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂的制备方法为：
首先，通过碳分法制备出氢氧化铝凝胶；然后用水热合成方法对凝胶进行水热结构改性，即改性氢氧化铝阻燃剂。
6.根据权利要求2所述可重复使用的防护服，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中，阻菌膜的结构：每平方厘米有13.95亿个微孔，每个微孔孔径280nm。
7.如权利要求1-6任一项所述可重复使用的防护服在制作过程中所有缝线部分全部用防水胶条贴制。
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