CN111170793A - Preparation method of leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells - Google Patents
Preparation method of leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN111170793A CN111170793A CN202010129695.9A CN202010129695A CN111170793A CN 111170793 A CN111170793 A CN 111170793A CN 202010129695 A CN202010129695 A CN 202010129695A CN 111170793 A CN111170793 A CN 111170793A
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- foliar fertilizer
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- camellia oleifera
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of oil-tea camellia husk, 3-7% of molasses, 5-10% of carrot, 5-7% of soybean meal and the balance of water; crushing the raw materials, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding a compound strain for fermentation after seed multiplication, wherein the compound strain is composed of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus, filtering, and adjusting the pH of filtrate to 6-7 to obtain the foliar fertilizer. According to the invention, the camellia oleifera shells and molasses are used as main carbon sources, and the yeast and marine bacillus strain are inoculated for fermentation to produce the foliar fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of food and forestry production residues can be effectively improved, rich nutritional ingredients can be provided for the growth of crops, the effects of increasing the yield of the crops, preventing diseases and insect pests and improving the quality are achieved, the standard of green pollution-free high-efficiency fertilizers is reached, and meanwhile, the harm caused by eating leaves or fruits with residual pesticide fertilizers by human bodies can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a foliar fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells.
Background
The tea-oil trees are called tea trees and tea-oil trees, are one of four woody edible oil source tree species in the world (the other three species are coconut, olive and oil palm respectively), are one of four woody oil plants in China (the other three species are ebony, tung oil and walnut respectively), are perennial shrubs or trees, and have a history of cultivation and utilization for two thousand years. In China, the main producing areas are south and southwest, and the method is mainly concentrated in Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong and the like, accounts for 83.2 percent of the total area of the whole country, and is a specific pure natural high-grade oil material in China. The planting area of the existing camellia oleifera in China is about 360 kilohm2The annual output of the camellia seeds is about 100 ten thousand tons, and the annual output of the camellia oil is about 28 ten thousand tons. The camellia oleifera shells have high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, can improve the soil structure and improve the soil fertility, is one of better organic fertilizers, and also contains a small amount of tea saponin, so that the camellia oleifera shells have certain effect on pest control. The organic fertilizer prepared by using the camellia oleifera shells as the main raw material has good effect in the planting experiment application of economic crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, tea trees and the like, but if the camellia oleifera shells are directly piled and retted in the field, the time of natural decay and degradation exceeds one year, the utilization rate is low, the fertilizer efficiency cannot be exerted, and the phenomena of seedling burning and the like can occur.
The foliar fertilizer is a supplement for plants to absorb nutrient components to make up for the deficiency of nutrient absorption of root systems, has the advantages of rapid fertilizer efficiency, high fertilizer utilization rate, small dosage and the like, and is rapidly popularized and applied in agriculture. At present, the oil tea fruit shells are already reported as organic fertilizers, but no research on the use of the oil tea fruit shells as foliar fertilizers after fermentation is found. Therefore, the foliar fertilizer obtained by fermenting the camellia oleifera shells serving as the main raw material provides a good way for comprehensive utilization of the camellia oleifera shells.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a foliar fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells. According to the invention, the camellia oleifera shells and molasses are used as main carbon sources, and the potato brown sugar culture medium is used for proliferating the seeds and fermenting again to produce the foliar fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of food and forestry production residues can be effectively improved, rich nutritional ingredients can be provided for the growth of crops, the foliar fertilizer reaches the standard of green pollution-free fertilizers, and the harm caused by eating leaves or fruits with residual pesticide fertilizers by human bodies is avoided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of oil-tea camellia husk, 3-7% of molasses, 5-10% of carrot, 5-7% of soybean meal and the balance of water; crushing the raw materials, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding the compound strain after seed proliferation, fermenting, filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6-7 to obtain the foliar fertilizer; the composite strain consists of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus.
Preferably, the number ratio of yeast, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus in the proliferated composite strain is as follows: 10-30: 20-40: 10-30: 10-20: 10-15.
And optionally, the adding amount of the composite strain is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the mixture.
Preferably, the culture medium used for seed proliferation is a potato dextrose medium.
Preferably, the seed multiplication is to inoculate each strain in 5-10% of inoculum size to potato red sugar culture medium to 1 × 105～1×107cfu。
Preferably, the preparation method of the potato dextrose medium comprises the following steps: peeling potatoes, cutting into small pieces, adding water, soaking at 60-80 ℃ for l-3 h, filtering with gauze, sterilizing with steam at 120 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain potato soaking juice, and storing for later use; adding 2-5 g of brown sugar into per 100ml of potato extract, and heating and boiling; finally, steam sterilization is carried out for 20min to 30min at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the potato brown sugar culture medium is obtained.
Preferably, the potato to water mass ratio is 1: 5.
Preferably, the fermentation is carried out for 72 hours at normal temperature.
Preferably, the adjusting the pH is adjusting with ammonium bicarbonate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the camellia oleifera shells and molasses are used as main carbon sources, and the foliar fertilizer is produced by inoculating the composite strain consisting of the yeast, the marine bacillus, the cellulose decomposition bacteria, the actinomycetes, the lactobacillus and the aspergillus, so that the utilization rate of food and forestry production residues can be effectively improved, rich nutritional ingredients can be provided for the growth of crops, the effects of increasing the yield of the crops, preventing insect damage and improving the quality of the crops are achieved, the standard of green pollution-free high-efficiency fertilizer is reached, and meanwhile, the harm caused by residual pesticide fertilizer after human bodies eat leaves or fruits can be avoided.
2. The invention uses potato culture medium, selectively breeds yeast and other moulds, uses brown sugar to replace glucose in the traditional potato culture medium, and is used for selectively breeding the yeast with sucrose conversion capability, so that the bred strains are more suitable for molasses fermentation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
Example 1
A preparation method of a leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 28% of oil tea fruit shell, 5% of molasses, 8% of carrot, 5% of bean pulp and the balance of water; firstly, crushing raw materials of oil-tea camellia shells, carrots and bean pulp, uniformly mixing molasses and water according to a proportion to obtain a mixture, adding a compound strain after seed multiplication, and fermenting for 72 hours at normal temperature, wherein the adding amount of the compound strain is 0.8% of the mass of the mixture, and the compound strain after multiplication is composed of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus according to the number ratio of 25: 30: 20: 18: 10 (bacterial colony counting is performed before fermentation and then all the strains are mixed according to the proportion); filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6.5 by using ammonium bicarbonate to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
The seed proliferation comprises inoculating each strain in potato red sugar culture medium at an inoculum size of 8% respectively, and culturing to 1 × 105～1×107And (5) obtaining the cfu. The preparation method of the potato dextrose culture medium comprises the following steps: taking 200g of peeled potatoes, cutting into small pieces, and adding 1000ml of water; soaking at 80 deg.C for lh, filtering with gauze, adding water to desired volume, steam sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain 20% potato extract, and storing. Adding 2g of brown sugar into per 100ml of potato extract, and heating and boiling; sterilizing with steam at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain potato brown sugar culture medium.
Example 2
A preparation method of a leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 23% of oil-tea camellia husk, 7% of molasses, 10% of carrot, 7% of soybean meal and the balance of water; firstly, crushing raw materials of oil-tea camellia shells, carrots and bean pulp, uniformly mixing molasses and water according to a proportion to obtain a mixture, adding a composite strain consisting of yeast and marine bacillus after seed proliferation, fermenting for 72 hours at normal temperature, wherein the adding amount of the composite strain is 1.2% of the mass of the mixture, and the proliferated composite strain consists of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus in a quantity ratio of 30: 35: 15: 10: 15 (bacterial colony counting is performed before fermentation, and then the strains are mixed according to the proportion); filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7 by using ammonium bicarbonate to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
The seed proliferation comprises inoculating each strain in potato red sugar culture medium at 6% inoculum size, and culturing to 1 × 105～1×107And (5) obtaining the cfu. The preparation method of the potato dextrose culture medium comprises the following steps: taking 200g of peeled potatoes, cutting into small pieces, and adding 1000ml of water; soaking at 80 deg.C for lh, filtering with gauze, and supplementing water to desired bodySterilizing with steam at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain 20% potato juice, and storing. Adding 2g of brown sugar into per 100ml of potato extract, and heating and boiling; sterilizing with steam at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain potato brown sugar culture medium.
Example 3
A preparation method of a leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of oil tea fruit shell, 5% of molasses, 6% of carrot, 6% of soybean meal and the balance of water; firstly, crushing raw materials of oil-tea camellia shells, carrots and bean pulp, uniformly mixing molasses and water according to a proportion to obtain a mixture, adding a composite strain consisting of yeast and marine bacillus after seed proliferation, fermenting for 72 hours at normal temperature, wherein the adding amount of the composite strain is 1.0 percent of the mass of the mixture, and the proliferated composite strain consists of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus in a quantity ratio of 15: 30: 25: 20: 12 (bacterial colony counting is performed before fermentation, and then the strains are mixed according to the proportion); filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7 by using ammonium bicarbonate to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
The seed proliferation comprises inoculating the strains to potato red sugar culture medium at an inoculum size of 10% respectively, and culturing to 1 × 105～1×107And (5) obtaining the cfu. The preparation method of the potato dextrose culture medium comprises the following steps: taking 200g of peeled potatoes, cutting into small pieces, and adding 1000ml of water; soaking at 80 deg.C for lh, filtering with gauze, adding water to desired volume, steam sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain 20% potato extract, and storing. Adding 2g of brown sugar into per 100ml of potato extract, and heating and boiling; sterilizing with steam at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain potato brown sugar culture medium.
Example 4
A preparation method of a leaf fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25% of oil tea fruit shell, 6% of molasses, 8% of carrot, 7% of soybean meal and the balance of water; firstly, crushing raw materials of oil-tea camellia shells, carrots and bean pulp, uniformly mixing molasses and water according to a proportion to obtain a mixture, adding a composite strain consisting of yeast and marine bacillus after seed proliferation, fermenting for 72 hours at normal temperature, wherein the adding amount of the composite strain is 1.2% of the mass of the mixture, and the proliferated composite strain consists of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus in a quantity ratio of 20: 40: 30: 15: 10 (bacterial colony counting is performed before fermentation, and then all the strains are mixed according to the proportion); filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6 by using ammonium bicarbonate to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
The seed proliferation comprises inoculating each strain in potato red sugar culture medium at an inoculum size of 8% respectively, and culturing to 1 × 105～1×107And (5) obtaining the cfu. The preparation method of the potato dextrose culture medium comprises the following steps: taking 200g of peeled potatoes, cutting into small pieces, and adding 1000ml of water; soaking at 80 deg.C for lh, filtering with gauze, adding water to desired volume, steam sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain 20% potato extract, and storing. Adding 2g of brown sugar into per 100ml of potato extract, and heating and boiling; sterilizing with steam at 120 deg.C for 20min to obtain potato brown sugar culture medium.
Experiment 1
In the experimental example, the control is the commercial amino acid foliar fertilizer (the amino acid is more than or equal to 100g/L, and the Cu + Mn + B + Zn is more than or equal to 20 g/L). A foliar fertilizer seedling spraying test is carried out in 2018-2019 in Nanning Wulu 23 Lin academy of sciences tea-oil tea test base in West-village pond area of Nanning city, and a foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every 15 days in a seedling culture stage in 6-10 months after seedling hardening. The fertilizer is prepared according to 4 formulas in the example, diluted by 100 times, sprayed once every 15 days and sprayed before 9 am, wherein the spraying amount is that the leaf surfaces are all wet, 4 indexes such as seedling height, ground diameter, total dry weight, disease condition and the like are measured every 11 months, and the results are shown in table 1. The foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shells can effectively improve the height, the ground diameter and the total dry weight of seedlings, and has good and stable effect.
Table 1: the effect of applying the foliar fertilizer to the oil tea seedlings
The fertilizers of the embodiments 1 to 4 can be applied in the seedling stage, wherein the effect of the embodiment 1 on the growth of the camellia oleifera seedlings is more obvious.
Example 2
A tea-oil tree fruit shell foliar fertilizer forest forming spraying test is carried out in 2018-2019 in Nanning Wulu 23 Lin academy of sciences tea-oil tree test base in West-rural area of Nanning City, the tree age is 10 years, the preparation method is the same as 4 treatments in the seedling raising stage, the tea-oil tree fruit shell foliar fertilizer forest forming spraying is diluted by 50 times when the tea-oil tree fruit shell foliar fertilizer forest forming spraying is carried out, and the tea-oil tree fruit shell foliar fertilizer is sprayed for 1 time every 7 days in 03. The conditions of the oil tea fruit dropping rate, branch tip growth, plant fruit yield, plant oil yield, plant diseases and insect pests and the like are measured, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2: the influence of the fruit yield and the oil yield of the leaf fertilizer applied to the camellia oleifera in the mature forest
From the above table, spraying the product can effectively improve the yield and oil content of the oil tea fruit.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a foliar fertilizer containing camellia oleifera fruit shells is characterized by comprising the following steps: the foliar fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of oil-tea camellia husk, 3-7% of molasses, 5-10% of carrot, 5-7% of soybean meal and the balance of water; firstly, crushing raw materials of oil tea fruit shells, carrots and bean pulp, uniformly mixing molasses and water according to a proportion to obtain a mixture, adding a compound strain obtained after seed multiplication for fermentation, filtering, and adjusting the pH value of filtrate to 6-7 to obtain a foliar fertilizer; the composite strain consists of saccharomycetes, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus.
2. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the number ratio of yeast, marine bacillus, cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and aspergillus in the proliferated composite strain is as follows: 10-30: 20-40: 10-30: 10-20: 10-15.
3. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 2, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the adding amount of the composite strain is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the mixture.
4. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the culture medium used for seed proliferation is a potato dextrose culture medium.
5. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 4, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the seed multiplication is to inoculate each strain in 5-10% of inoculum size to potato red sugar culture medium to be cultured to 1 × 105~1×107cfu。
6. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 4, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the preparation method of the potato dextrose culture medium comprises the following steps: peeling potatoes, cutting into small pieces, adding water, soaking at 60-80 ℃ for l-3 h, filtering with gauze, sterilizing at 100 Pa for 20-30min to obtain potato soaking juice, and storing for later use; adding 2-5 g of brown sugar into per 100ml of potato extract, and heating and boiling; and finally, performing steam sterilization at 120 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain the potato brown sugar culture medium.
7. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 6, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the mass ratio of the potatoes to the water is 1: 5.
8. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the fermentation is carried out for 72 hours at normal temperature.
9. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing the camellia oleifera fruit shell according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises: the pH is adjusted with ammonium bicarbonate.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102040408A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-05-04 | 厦门三和利生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer |
| CN102060578A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-05-18 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing microecological foliar fertilizer by utilizing probiotics and microalgae |
| CN109796289A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-24 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | It is a kind of using oil-tea camellia husks as bio-fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110204392A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-06 | 鹤壁市人元生物技术发展有限公司 | A kind of oil plant dregs of rice fermented liquid foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-02-28 CN CN202010129695.9A patent/CN111170793A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102040408A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-05-04 | 厦门三和利生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer |
| CN102060578A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-05-18 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing microecological foliar fertilizer by utilizing probiotics and microalgae |
| CN109796289A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-24 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | It is a kind of using oil-tea camellia husks as bio-fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110204392A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-06 | 鹤壁市人元生物技术发展有限公司 | A kind of oil plant dregs of rice fermented liquid foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 陈哲等: "解淀粉芽孢杆菌CM3培养基及发酵条件优化", 《山西农业科学》 * |
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