CN1111654C - 金属紧固元件 - Google Patents

金属紧固元件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1111654C
CN1111654C CN00811052A CN00811052A CN1111654C CN 1111654 C CN1111654 C CN 1111654C CN 00811052 A CN00811052 A CN 00811052A CN 00811052 A CN00811052 A CN 00811052A CN 1111654 C CN1111654 C CN 1111654C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
shell
expanding piece
distancing element
bolt
extension
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN00811052A
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English (en)
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CN1365435A (zh
Inventor
A·弗里施曼
M·谢菲尔
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Fisher Holdings & CoKg GmbH
Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
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Fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of CN1365435A publication Critical patent/CN1365435A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1111654C publication Critical patent/CN1111654C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/065—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种金属紧固元件，它有一个张壳(2)和一个可以在一个螺栓(8)的杆体上轴向滑移的扩张件(3)，其中在螺栓(8)的前端有一个设计为扩展部(9)的止挡。在扩展部(9)和扩张件(3)之间在螺栓(8)上布置有一个距离元件(10)。受拉载荷时扩展部(9)就钻入此距离元件(10)里并形成了一个对应于距离元件(10)的长度的变形区。通过在变形区内所产生的摩擦和变形就吸收了过载并从而阻止了紧固元件的破断或者螺栓的拉断。

Description

金属紧固元件
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1的前序所述的用于在一个零部件的钻孔里实现锚固连接的金属紧固元件。
由DE 37 14 025 C2就已知有一种此类别的紧固元件，它具有一个张壳和一个在螺栓的杆体上轴向可滑移的扩张件。螺栓的前端有一个设计成凸缘的止挡和一个布置在止挡和轴向可滑移的扩张件之间的螺旋弹簧。当把一个支承在待紧固物件上的螺母拧紧到螺杆上时，该螺杆向孔口方向移动并且同时用这布置在上挡和可滑移的扩张件之间的螺旋弹簧使扩张件压入张壳里，从而使其锚固连接在元部件的钻孔里。同时使螺旋弹簧略有预紧，从而在因产生裂缝而使钻孔扩张时随后挤压这扩张件以补偿钻孔的扩张。另外，这已知的紧固元件也能够吸收例如由于地震而产生的冲击载荷并阻止由此使紧固元件产生破断或者使螺杆拉断。
但是这种已知解决方案的缺点在于，由于将扩张张件随后压入张壳里就使在扩张件和止挡之间的轴向间距在有的情况下就变得足够大，从而使螺旋弹簧随后就不再处于张紧了，而且有时甚至出现了轴向间隙。那么此后由于扩张件没有了支撑和张紧，当裂缝加大例如由于余震而使钻孔继续扩大时就不再能够继续压紧扩张件了。
因此本发明的任务是提出一种紧固元件，它能够吸收冲击载荷的后续结果而不会使锚固连接失效。
该项任务通过在权利要求1中所述的特征来解决。
通过使用一种套状距离元件来代替螺旋弹簧和一个设计成扩展部的止挡，那么当在螺杆上作用有过载荷时这扩展部就拉入距离套里。在距离元件发生扩张和变形时由于此时所产生的高摩擦就使距离元件压向可在螺杆上轴向滑移的扩张件，后者因而随后就推入张壳里。由于从距离元件不产生复位力，因而由于过载而产生的在扩展部和扩张件之间距离的缩短以及因此引起的扩张件张紧在张壳里的情况即使在卸载后仍然存在。若继续出现冲击载荷时那只是扩展部在距离元件之内继续在扩张件的方向上滑移，其中由于在距离元件之内的摩擦使扩张件上的压紧力仍然保持。距离元件的长度因而就规定了变形区的长度，其中拉拔力可以通过各个不同的参数来调定。那么例如就可能将距离元件设计为由软金属或者塑料制成的封闭的套。
距离元件的一种优选实施形式是一种具有纵向切槽的弹簧套，通过扩展部在弹性部位来实现此弹簧套的扩展。合理的是用一个锥体来设计此扩展部，该锥体上连接有一个圆柱形凸缘。
按本发明所述的紧固元件既可设计为根切锚杆，此时张壳是在钻孔的一个根部切槽里进行锚固的，也可以设计为贯穿锚杆，此时螺杆的杆体紧接着安放张壳的部段扩大到张壳的直径大小。
在附图中表示了本发明的实施例，所示为：
图1按本发明所述的紧固元件，其实施形式为根切锚杆；
图2实施形式为贯穿锚杆的紧固元件。
图1所示的紧固元件1有一个张壳2，它通过扩张件3锚固在零部件6的一个具有根部切槽4的钻孔5里。具有通孔7的扩张件3可以在螺栓8的杆体上轴向滑动。
在扩张件3和布置在螺栓8前端的扩展部9之间有一个套状距离元件，该元件例如可由软金属或者由塑料制成作为封闭的套。在这种情况下当扩展部9通过这距离元件10时就使这距离套产生塑性变形。若距离套10设计为具有一个纵向切槽的弹簧套筒，那么扩展部通过时就产生弹性变形，其摩擦力由弹簧套筒的壁厚来决定。穿过距离元件10、扩张件3和张壳2的螺栓在其后端有一段螺纹11，螺母12就拧在这段螺纹上用于紧固一个物件13。拧上螺母12时螺栓8就在轴向向孔口方向上移动，从而通过这钻入距离元件10里的扩展部9在扩张件3上产生了一个推力。该推力将扩张了压入张壳2的切槽部分里并使之张开进入根部切槽4里。因而在紧固元件1和零部件6之间就形成了一种形状合适的连接。
若在螺栓8上出现有冲击载荷，那么在产生一个减小了的作用在扩张件3上的推力时就使扩展部9冲击性地继续拉入套角状的距离元件10里。由于距离元件的摩擦和变形既避免了螺栓的过载，也避免混凝土件的过载。有关距离元件10的长度、扩展部和距离元件的材料和几何尺寸则按各自的装入情况条来确定变形区。在所描述的实施例中扩展部9是通过一个锥体14来形成的，该锥体上有一个与之紧接着的圆柱形凸缘15。
对于图2所示的实施例来说，螺栓8的杆体16紧接着安放张壳2的部段而扩展到张壳2的直径上。因而这种紧固元件1a可以应用于贯穿装配，此时可以将紧固元件穿过应紧固的物件13而导入钻孔5里。距离元件10在此实施例中设计成弹簧套筒并在圆柱形钻孔5里面实现锚固连接。

Claims (4)

1.金属紧固元件，它具有一个张壳(2)和一个可以在一个螺栓(8)的杆体上轴向滑移的扩张件(3)，它用于在结构部分的钻孔内实现锚固连接，其中在螺杆(8)的前端有一个止挡，在止挡和  扩张件(3)之间布置有一个距离元件，该元件支撑在扩张件(3)上，其特征在于，止挡设计成扩展部(9)，受拉伸载荷时它就钻入套筒状的距离元件(10)里并形成一个对应于距离元件(10)的长度的变形区。
2.按权利要求1所述的紧固元件，其特征在于，距离元件(10)是一个具有一个纵向切槽的弹簧套筒。
3.按权利要求1所述的紧固元件，其特征在于，扩展部(9)由一个锥体(14)构成，该锥体有一个与之紧接着的圆柱形凸缘(15)。
4.按权利要求1所述的紧固元件，其特征在于，螺栓(8)的杆体(16)在靠接安放张壳的部段扩大到张壳(2)的直径大小。
CN00811052A 1999-07-30 2000-06-17 金属紧固元件 Expired - Fee Related CN1111654C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19936090A DE19936090A1 (de) 1999-07-30 1999-07-30 Befestigungselement aus Metall
DE19936090.1 1999-07-30

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CN1365435A CN1365435A (zh) 2002-08-21
CN1111654C true CN1111654C (zh) 2003-06-18

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CN00811052A Expired - Fee Related CN1111654C (zh) 1999-07-30 2000-06-17 金属紧固元件

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US (1) US6676346B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1200746B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3780208B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1111654C (zh)
AT (1) ATE250723T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR0012843A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ2002364A3 (zh)
DE (2) DE19936090A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK1200746T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2206243T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1049038B (zh)
HU (1) HUP0201546A2 (zh)
PL (1) PL353396A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2223420C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2001009525A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

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WO2011060632A1 (zh) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-26 Pai Chen-Hui 膨胀螺钉

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US20050217081A1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-10-06 Manfred Fritsch Two stage attachment anchor
US7857840B2 (en) * 2006-10-02 2010-12-28 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Fastener assembly
US8449583B2 (en) 2006-10-02 2013-05-28 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Fastener assembly
JP2012026571A (ja) * 2010-06-24 2012-02-09 Enupatto Kk アンカー
DE102011012955A1 (de) * 2011-03-08 2012-09-13 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Anker-Befestigungselement
DE102011007570A1 (de) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Spreizdübel
CN102678707B (zh) * 2012-06-06 2013-10-30 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 灌注法粘钢用膨胀螺栓
EP2848826A1 (de) 2013-09-16 2015-03-18 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Spreizanker
DE202013012245U1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2015-10-23 Wanzl Metallwarenfabrik Gmbh Regalsystem
GB201414162D0 (en) * 2014-08-11 2014-09-24 Gripple Ltd Securing device
US20190145451A1 (en) * 2016-06-29 2019-05-16 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Fixing element
WO2020097634A1 (en) * 2018-11-05 2020-05-14 Epiroc Holdings South Africa (Pty) Ltd Groutable friction rock bolt
IT201900005268A1 (it) 2019-04-05 2020-10-05 Wise S R L Dispositivo per elettroterapia e/o elettrofisiologia, kit e assieme
CN112647517A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-04-13 浙江佳途勘测设计有限公司 一种生态边坡防护装置

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US925006A (en) * 1908-06-27 1909-06-15 Thomas Mason Expansion anchor and bolt.
DE3044051A1 (de) * 1980-11-22 1982-06-16 Anton 8500 Nürnberg Gerhard Spreizduebel
DE3637658A1 (de) * 1986-11-05 1988-05-19 Hilti Ag Spreizduebel mit zwei unterschiedlichen spreizkonen
DE3714025C2 (de) * 1987-04-27 1996-03-28 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Befestigungselement
DE3730211C2 (de) * 1987-09-09 1995-06-08 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Spreizdübel
DE3730353A1 (de) * 1987-09-10 1989-03-23 Hilti Ag Verfahren zum verankern eines spreizduebels
DE3817512A1 (de) * 1988-05-24 1989-12-07 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Befestigungselement mit spreizhuelse
DE4117238A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Upat Max Langensiepen Kg Spreizanker
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DE4435628A1 (de) * 1994-10-05 1996-04-11 Upat Max Langensiepen Kg Spreizanker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011060632A1 (zh) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-26 Pai Chen-Hui 膨胀螺钉

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JP3780208B2 (ja) 2006-05-31
JP2003506637A (ja) 2003-02-18
CZ2002364A3 (cs) 2002-06-12
BR0012843A (pt) 2002-05-07
ES2206243T3 (es) 2004-05-16
US6676346B1 (en) 2004-01-13
HK1049038B (zh) 2004-03-19
WO2001009525A1 (de) 2001-02-08
PL353396A1 (en) 2003-11-17
DE50003845D1 (de) 2003-10-30
EP1200746B1 (de) 2003-09-24
EP1200746A1 (de) 2002-05-02
CN1365435A (zh) 2002-08-21
DE19936090A1 (de) 2001-02-01
HK1049038A1 (en) 2003-04-25
RU2223420C2 (ru) 2004-02-10
DK1200746T3 (da) 2004-02-02
HUP0201546A2 (en) 2002-08-28
ATE250723T1 (de) 2003-10-15

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Granted publication date: 20030618