CN111154155A - 一种防滑鞋底材料及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防滑鞋底材料及其制作方法,鞋底材料包括如下重量份的组分:天然橡胶50‑60份;改性EPDM 40‑50份;增量油6‑8份;相容剂5‑9份;填料45‑55份;活性氧化锌2‑4份;硬脂酸1.5‑2份;发泡剂3‑5份;硫化剂2.5‑3份;促进剂0.6‑0.9份;防老剂0.2‑0.4份。该鞋底材料满足鞋底在干面和湿面上的防滑需求,远超国标,且相对于其他类型的防滑鞋底抗撕裂性能好,耐穿着。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及鞋底,特别涉及一种防滑鞋底材料及其制作方法。
背景技术
目前鞋子的种类繁多,根据用途和适用地面的不同而具有各种各样的功能,例如:保暖、透气、耐磨、防滑、轻便等。其中防滑作为鞋底的基本要求显得尤为重要,能够有效保护使用者不会摔滑。尤其是针对船体甲板、厨房等潮湿、油污较多的工作环境,优异的防滑性能是使用者的安全保障。常见的鞋底材料有橡胶、PU、EVA、TPR等,其中橡胶鞋材的防滑性能最佳。防滑性能好的橡胶底柔软、摩擦系数高,但是机械强度会相对较差,容易磨损、撕裂。
公告号为CN104140577B的中国专利公开了一种止滑鞋底,所述的鞋底配方由下述质量份材料组成: 35L型丁腈橡胶45—56份、1052型丁腈橡胶44—55份、碳黑16—20份、白烟6—10份、DOP 6份、促进剂D 0.5份、碳酸锌5份、硬脂酸1份、防老剂SP 1份、活性剂PEG0.9份、防老剂OH3 2份、添加剂DM 2份。
上述止滑鞋底以丁腈橡胶作为基体,而丁腈橡胶极性大,耐磨性好,且在干地面上具有良好的防滑性能。但是丁腈橡胶鞋底在水油等湿面上的防滑表现仍不够好,有待改进。
发明内容
针对上述技术缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种防滑鞋底材料,其用于注模成型的鞋底在干面和湿面上均具有良好的防滑性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种防滑鞋底材料,包括如下重量份的组分:
天然橡胶 50-60份;
改性EPDM 40-50份;
增量油 6-8份;
相容剂 5-9份;
填料 45-55份;
活性氧化锌 2-4份;
硬脂酸 1.5-2份;
发泡剂 3-5份;
硫化剂 2.5-3份;
促进剂 0.6-0.9份;
防老剂 0.2-0.4份;
所述改性EPDM的制备过程如下:
第一步,按重量份计,将15-20份EPDM溶于200-250份苯中,再加入2-4份N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和0.2-0.6份偶氮二异丁腈,均匀搅拌并升温至80-90℃,回流2-3h,降温至室温后,产物用丙酮沉淀,接着于40-50℃下真空干燥至恒重,得到预改性EPDM;
第二步,将15-20份预改性EPDM溶于150-200份四氢呋喃,再加入6-8份苯乙烯、1.5-2份PMDETA和0.2-0.4份溴化亚铜,升温至130-150℃,反应18-24h,降温至室温后去除四氢呋喃,于40-60℃真空干燥至恒重,得到改性EPDM。
通过采用上述技术方案,天然橡胶的优点在于其非常柔软、弹性好、防滑性好,而耐磨性、耐老化性较差。EPDM即三元乙丙橡胶,被誉为无龟裂橡胶,是乙烯、丙烯和少量的非共轭二烯烃的共聚物,其侧链含有不饱和双键,因此耐臭氧性、耐候性、耐热性好,但是三元乙丙橡胶硫化后支链少,不能形成很好的三维网络结构,导致硫化后的产品抗撕裂性能不足。天然橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶复合后,各项性能互补,老化性能、回弹性能、防滑性能等均能满足普通鞋底的需要。增量油对复合橡胶进行增塑,提高其交联度和门尼粘度,进而使得鞋底材料在干面和湿面均保持有良好的防滑性能,进一步提升其防滑性能。
EPDM经过接枝改性,引入苯乙烯基团,丰富支链结构,提高综合机械性能,尤其是韧性,表现在抗撕裂性能大大提高,且改性后三元乙丙橡胶的硫化活性,协调其与天然橡胶的硫化速率,提高两相面交联密度,即改性EDPM与天然橡胶的相容性适当提高。
本发明进一步设置为:所述增量油为TDAE。
通过采用上述技术方案,环保无毒,且增塑效果好。
本发明进一步设置为:所述相容剂的制备过程如下:按重量份计,先将10-12份溴化丁基橡胶、0.2-0.3份BPO混合,加热至60-70℃,混炼15-20min,在加入0.5-0.7份十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,升温至110-120℃,继续混炼10-15min,降温出料得到相容剂。
通过采用上述技术方案,溴化丁基橡胶分子链上引入长链硅烷,其对于改性EPDM和天然橡胶的相容性提高有良好的促进,提高鞋底的防滑性能和抗撕裂性能。
本发明进一步设置为:所述填料包括轻质碳酸钙、白炭黑和玻璃纤维。
通过采用上述技术方案,轻质碳酸钙和白炭黑为常用的补强填料,对于鞋底材料的强度有明显的提高,而玻璃纤维一方面可提高鞋底材料的韧度,另一方面可提高鞋底材料的防滑性能。
本发明进一步设置为:所述玻璃纤维经过改性,其改性过程如下:将玻璃纤维浸入10wt%盐酸中,升温至50-60℃,持续3-5min,过滤、水洗、烘干,得到改性玻璃纤维。
通过采用上述技术方案,玻璃纤维经过盐酸表面刻蚀,一方面其在橡胶基体中的分散性大大提高,另一方面其表面更为粗糙,对于鞋底材料的防滑性提高更明显。
本发明进一步设置为:所述硫化剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
通过采用上述技术方案,硫化效果好。
本发明进一步设置为:所述促进剂为促进剂CZ。
通过采用上述技术方案,硫化促进效果好。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种防滑鞋底材料的制作方法。
一种防滑鞋底材料的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
S1塑炼胶:按配方所需重量份,先将天然橡胶、改性EPDM分别投入开炼机,升温至50-55℃,塑炼6-8min;
S2母炼胶:再将塑炼后的天然橡胶、改性EPDM与增量油、相容剂混合均匀,升温至50-60℃,混炼15-20min,得到母胶;
S3混炼胶:将上述母胶、填料、活性氧化锌、硬脂酸、发泡剂、防老剂混合均匀,升温至70-80℃,继续混炼10-15min,得到混炼胶;
S4硫化成型:对混炼胶中加入硫化剂、促进剂,进行硫化,温度130-150℃,硫化15-20min,得到鞋底材料。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:该鞋底材料满足鞋底在干面和湿面上的防滑需求,远超国标,且相对于其他类型的防滑鞋底抗撕裂性能好,耐穿着。
附图说明
图1是实施例一至三的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例一:
一种防滑鞋底材料,包括如下重量份的组分:
天然橡胶20STR 55份;
改性EPDM 45份;
增量油 7份,增量油为TDAE,购买自山东天源化工有限公司;
相容剂 7份;
填料 50份,填料包括35wt%轻质碳酸钙、50wt%白炭黑和15wt%改性玻璃纤维;
活性氧化锌 3份;
硬脂酸 1.8份;
发泡剂 4份,发泡剂为发泡剂AC;
硫化剂DCP 2.8份,即过氧化二异丙苯;
促进剂CZ 0.8份;
防老剂 0.3份,防老剂由等质量比的防老剂RD和防老剂4010复配而成。
改性EPDM的制备过程如下:
第一步,按重量份计,将18份EPDM 4520溶于220份苯中,再加入3份N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和0.4份偶氮二异丁腈,均匀搅拌并升温至85℃,回流2.5h,降温至室温后,产物用丙酮沉淀,接着于45℃下真空干燥至恒重,得到预改性EPDM;
第二步,将18份预改性EPDM溶于180份四氢呋喃,再加入7份苯乙烯、1.8份PMDETA和0.3份溴化亚铜,升温至140℃,反应20h,降温至室温后去除四氢呋喃,于50℃真空干燥至恒重,得到改性EPDM。
相容剂的制备过程如下:按重量份计,先将11份溴化丁基橡胶2211、0.25份BPO混合,加热至65℃,混炼18min,在加入0.6份十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,升温至115℃,继续混炼12min,降温出料得到相容剂。
改性玻璃纤维的制备过程如下:将玻璃纤维浸入10wt%盐酸中,升温至55℃,持续4min,过滤、水洗、烘干,得到改性玻璃纤维。
一种防滑鞋底材料的制作方法,如图1所示,包括如下步骤:
S1塑炼胶:按上述配方所需重量份,先将天然橡胶、改性EPDM分别投入开炼机,升温至52℃,塑炼7min;
S2母炼胶:再将塑炼后的天然橡胶、改性EPDM与增量油、相容剂混合均匀,升温至55℃,混炼18min,得到母胶;
S3混炼胶:将上述母胶、填料、活性氧化锌、硬脂酸、发泡剂、防老剂混合均匀,升温至75℃,继续混炼12min,得到混炼胶;
S4硫化成型:对混炼胶中加入硫化剂DCP、促进剂CZ,进行硫化,温度140℃,硫化18min,得到鞋底材料。
实施例二:
一种防滑鞋底材料,包括如下重量份的组分:
天然橡胶20STR 50份;
改性EPDM 50份;
增量油 6份,增量油为TDAE,购买自山东天源化工有限公司;
相容剂 5份;
填料 45份,填料包括35wt%轻质碳酸钙、50wt%白炭黑和15wt%改性玻璃纤维;
活性氧化锌 2份;
硬脂酸 1.5份;
发泡剂 3份,发泡剂为发泡剂AC;
硫化剂DCP 2.5份,即过氧化二异丙苯;
促进剂CZ 0.6份;
防老剂 0.2份,防老剂由等质量比的防老剂RD和防老剂4010复配而成。
改性EPDM的制备过程如下:
第一步,按重量份计,将15份EPDM 4520溶于200份苯中,再加入2份N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和0.2份偶氮二异丁腈,均匀搅拌并升温至80℃,回流2h,降温至室温后,产物用丙酮沉淀,接着于40℃下真空干燥至恒重,得到预改性EPDM;
第二步,将15份预改性EPDM溶于150份四氢呋喃,再加入6份苯乙烯、1.5份PMDETA和0.2份溴化亚铜,升温至130℃,反应18h,降温至室温后去除四氢呋喃,于40℃真空干燥至恒重,得到改性EPDM。
相容剂的制备过程如下:按重量份计,先将10份溴化丁基橡胶2211、0.2份BPO混合,加热至60℃,混炼15min,在加入0.5份十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,升温至110℃,继续混炼10min,降温出料得到相容剂。
改性玻璃纤维的制备过程如下:将玻璃纤维浸入10wt%盐酸中,升温至50℃,持续3min,过滤、水洗、烘干,得到改性玻璃纤维。
一种防滑鞋底材料的制作方法,如图1所示,包括如下步骤:
S1塑炼胶:按上述配方所需重量份,先将天然橡胶、改性EPDM分别投入开炼机,升温至50℃,塑炼6min;
S2母炼胶:再将塑炼后的天然橡胶、改性EPDM与增量油、相容剂混合均匀,升温至50℃,混炼15min,得到母胶;
S3混炼胶:将上述母胶、填料、活性氧化锌、硬脂酸、发泡剂、防老剂混合均匀,升温至70℃,继续混炼10min,得到混炼胶;
S4硫化成型:对混炼胶中加入硫化剂DCP、促进剂CZ,进行硫化,温度130℃,硫化15min,得到鞋底材料。
实施例三:
一种防滑鞋底材料,包括如下重量份的组分:
天然橡胶20STR 60份;
改性EPDM 40份;
增量油 8份,增量油为TDAE,购买自山东天源化工有限公司;
相容剂 9份;
填料 55份,填料包括35wt%轻质碳酸钙、50wt%白炭黑和15wt%改性玻璃纤维;
活性氧化锌 4份;
硬脂酸 2份;
发泡剂 5份,发泡剂为发泡剂AC;
硫化剂DCP 3份,即过氧化二异丙苯;
促进剂CZ 0.9份;
防老剂 0.4份,防老剂由等质量比的防老剂RD和防老剂4010复配而成。
改性EPDM的制备过程如下:
第一步,按重量份计,将20份EPDM 4520溶于250份苯中,再加入4份N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和0.6份偶氮二异丁腈,均匀搅拌并升温至90℃,回流3h,降温至室温后,产物用丙酮沉淀,接着于50℃下真空干燥至恒重,得到预改性EPDM;
第二步,将20份预改性EPDM溶于200份四氢呋喃,再加入8份苯乙烯、2份PMDETA和0.4份溴化亚铜,升温至150℃,反应24h,降温至室温后去除四氢呋喃,于60℃真空干燥至恒重,得到改性EPDM。
相容剂的制备过程如下:按重量份计,先将12份溴化丁基橡胶2211、0.3份BPO混合,加热至70℃,混炼20min,在加入0.7份十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,升温至120℃,继续混炼15min,降温出料得到相容剂。
改性玻璃纤维的制备过程如下:将玻璃纤维浸入10wt%盐酸中,升温至60℃,持续5min,过滤、水洗、烘干,得到改性玻璃纤维。
一种防滑鞋底材料的制作方法,如图1所示,包括如下步骤:
S1塑炼胶:按上述配方所需重量份,先将天然橡胶、改性EPDM分别投入开炼机,升温至55℃,塑炼8min;
S2母炼胶:再将塑炼后的天然橡胶、改性EPDM与增量油、相容剂混合均匀,升温至60℃,混炼20min,得到母胶;
S3混炼胶:将上述母胶、填料、活性氧化锌、硬脂酸、发泡剂、防老剂混合均匀,升温至80℃,继续混炼15min,得到混炼胶;
S4硫化成型:对混炼胶中加入硫化剂DCP、促进剂CZ,进行硫化,温度150℃,硫化20min,得到鞋底材料。
实施例四:
与实施例一的区别在于,玻璃纤维未改性。
实施例五:
与实施例一的区别在于,填料中的玻璃纤维替换为轻质碳酸钙。
对比例一:
与实施例一的区别在于,不包括相容剂。
对比例二:
与实施例一的区别在于,不包括增量油。
对比例三:
与实施例一的区别在于,EPDM未改性。
性能测试:
实施例一至五、对比例一至三的鞋底材料分别制成相同形状结构的鞋底,并与市售普通天然橡胶鞋底一同进行防滑性能和抗撕裂性能测试。
根据GB/T 3903.6-2017《鞋类整鞋试验方法防滑性能》中记载的方法,测试鞋底防滑性,试样界面为陶瓷砖介面,湿态界面测试时试验介质使用甘油水溶液,测试模式为水平测试模式,结果记录在表1。
参照HG 2726-1995《微孔鞋底材料撕裂强度试验方法》中记载的方法,测试鞋底的抗撕裂强度,结果记录在表1。
表1 鞋底性能测试结果记录表
摩擦系数(干) | 摩擦系数(油) | 抗撕裂强度(N/mm) | |
实施例一 | 1.23 | 1.08 | 45.7 |
实施例二 | 1.18 | 1.06 | 43.8 |
实施例三 | 1.20 | 1.06 | 44.2 |
实施例四 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 38.1 |
实施例五 | 0.88 | 0.65 | 26.4 |
对比例一 | 1.08 | 0.88 | 34.7 |
对比例二 | 0.98 | 0.61 | 41.2 |
对比例三 | 1.20 | 1.05 | 22.1 |
普通鞋底 | 0.55 | 0.42 | 10.3 |
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本发明的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本发明的保护范围,故:凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:
天然橡胶 50-60份;
改性EPDM 40-50份;
增量油 6-8份;
相容剂 5-9份;
填料 45-55份;
活性氧化锌 2-4份;
硬脂酸 1.5-2份;
发泡剂 3-5份;
硫化剂 2.5-3份;
促进剂 0.6-0.9份;
防老剂 0.2-0.4份;
所述改性EPDM的制备过程如下:
第一步,按重量份计,将15-20份EPDM溶于200-250份苯中,再加入2-4份N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和0.2-0.6份偶氮二异丁腈,均匀搅拌并升温至80-90℃,回流2-3h,降温至室温后,产物用丙酮沉淀,接着于40-50℃下真空干燥至恒重,得到预改性EPDM;
第二步,将15-20份预改性EPDM溶于150-200份四氢呋喃,再加入6-8份苯乙烯、1.5-2份PMDETA和0.2-0.4份溴化亚铜,升温至130-150℃,反应18-24h,降温至室温后去除四氢呋喃,于40-60℃真空干燥至恒重,得到改性EPDM。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于:所述增量油为TDAE。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于:所述相容剂的制备过程如下:按重量份计,先将10-12份溴化丁基橡胶、0.2-0.3份BPO混合,加热至60-70℃,混炼15-20min,在加入0.5-0.7份十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,升温至110-120℃,继续混炼10-15min,降温出料得到相容剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于:所述填料包括轻质碳酸钙、白炭黑和玻璃纤维。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于:所述玻璃纤维经过改性,其改性过程如下:将玻璃纤维浸入10wt%盐酸中,升温至50-60℃,持续3-5min,过滤、水洗、烘干,得到改性玻璃纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于:所述硫化剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防滑鞋底材料,其特征在于:所述促进剂为促进剂CZ。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的防滑鞋底材料的制作方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1塑炼胶:按配方所需重量份,先将天然橡胶、改性EPDM分别投入开炼机,升温至50-55℃,塑炼6-8min;
S2母炼胶:再将塑炼后的天然橡胶、改性EPDM与增量油、相容剂混合均匀,升温至50-60℃,混炼15-20min,得到母胶;
S3混炼胶:将上述母胶、填料、活性氧化锌、硬脂酸、发泡剂、防老剂混合均匀,升温至70-80℃,继续混炼10-15min,得到混炼胶;
S4硫化成型:对混炼胶中加入硫化剂、促进剂,进行硫化,温度130-150℃,硫化15-20min,得到鞋底材料。
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