CN111150787A - Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 30-40 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 10-20 parts of seaweed, 10-20 parts of morinda officinalis, 10-20 parts of betel nut, 1-6 parts of probiotics and 2-8 parts of auxiliary materials. The veterinary drug premix can treat or prevent swine fever, African swine fever, high-pathogenicity porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and other swine viral infectious diseases, and solves the great problem of the live pig industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese veterinary medicines, relates to a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix for preventing or treating swine fever in early stage and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Although the consumption of pork in China accounts for nearly 50% of the world, the main problem faced by pig raising production in China is that animal epidemic diseases cannot be effectively prevented and controlled, and particularly virulent viral infectious diseases such as swine fever, African swine fever, highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and the like are large enemies harmful to the breeding industry.
Classical Swine Fever (CSF), also known as hog cholera, swine fever or classical swine fever in some areas of europe and america, is an acute, febrile and highly contagious disease caused by Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV) of pestivirus genus of flaviviridae family, and is clinically characterized by acute onset, high fever retention, generalized punctate bleeding and spleen infarction. The mortality rate of the swine fever is high, and huge potential safety hazards and economic losses can be caused to the pig industry. The use of the vaccine plays a key role in preventing and treating epidemic diseases, but some epidemic diseases cause immunosuppression and immune failure due to virus variation and mixed infection of pathogens. Particularly, African swine fever is also a kind of animal epidemic situation which is mainly prevented in China, the contact infection rate and the death rate of the African swine fever are more than 90 percent, no effective prevention vaccine exists at home and abroad at present, and the western medicine has not made effective progress in the treatment aspect in the last 100 years. When viruses are abused, the virus cannot be prevented and controlled, and only the virus needs to be restrained to kill, thereby causing destructive loss to the pig industry.
The Chinese traditional medicine has a unique theory and method, and plays an important role in preventing and controlling pestilence historically. The traditional Chinese medicine considers that the vital qi is stored internally and the pathogenic factors cannot be dried out. The healthy qi refers to the resistance of the body, can be regulated, is mainly realized by regulating nonspecific immunity by using traditional Chinese medicines to prevent and control swine plague, and strengthens the defense capability of the body on the whole without the common problem of virus resistance of chemical drugs and biological agents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix which can be used for preventing or early treating swine viral infectious diseases such as swine fever, African swine fever, highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and the like and solving the great problem of the pork industry.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 30-40 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 10-20 parts of seaweed, 10-20 parts of morinda officinalis, 10-20 parts of betel nut, 1-6 parts of probiotics and 2-8 parts of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-18 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 32-38 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 12-18 parts of seaweed, 12-18 parts of morinda officinalis, 12-18 parts of betel nut, 2-5 parts of probiotics and 4-6 parts of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 35 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 15 parts of seaweed, 15 parts of morinda officinalis, 14 parts of betel nut, 2 parts of probiotics and 4 parts of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the auxiliary material is one or more of dextrin, starch and glucose.
Preferably, the probiotics is one or more of yeast, bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria; wherein the effective viable bacteria content of the yeast powder is more than or equal to 300CFU/g, the effective viable bacteria content of the bifidobacterium powder is more than or equal to 300CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the ganoderma lucidum, clinacanthus nutans, seaweed, morinda officinalis and betel nut into an extraction container according to the parts by weight, adding water, extracting for 2 times at 90 ℃, adding 10 times of water for 1 hour for the first time, filtering, adding 10 times of water for the second time, extracting for 30 minutes, filtering, combining the filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated solution with the relative density of 1.12-1.28 and the temperature of 60 ℃; cooling the concentrated solution to room temperature, adding ethanol to make ethanol content 30%, stirring, standing at 4 deg.C for 12 hr, centrifuging to remove precipitate, filtering the supernatant, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying to obtain Chinese medicinal extract;
(2) respectively pulverizing the above traditional Chinese medicine extract, probiotic and adjuvants to 80-120 mesh, mixing well, and making into veterinary drug premix.
The invention further aims to provide application of the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix in preparation of a medicament for preventing or treating swine fever.
The invention comprises the following components or functions:
ganoderma lucidum: the product is selected from Hainan lucid ganoderma, is a dry fruiting body of ganoderma lucidum or ganoderma sinensis in polyporaceae, and is regarded as a treasure product for nourishing and strengthening body, strengthening body resistance and consolidating constitution by doctors of all generations. Ganoderma is rich in polysaccharide, and has immunoregulatory effect.
Clinacanthus nutans: is a wild shrub-like herbaceous plant growing in low-altitude open forests near the equator or in moist sandy soil within a bush, known to indonesia as: sambung nyawa, a life-sustaining life saving grass. Contains lupeol, betulin, pentacyclic triterpene compounds, etc. Has effects in clearing away heat and toxic materials, dispelling blood stasis, relieving swelling, and preventing and resisting cancer.
Seaweed: is prepared from Sargassum pallidum or Cyrtymenia Sparsa of Sargassaceae, and has immunoregulatory effect, and contains alginic acid, crude protein, fat, fructose, fucose, Sargassum polysaccharide, etc.
Betel nut: is the seed of areca of Palmae, which is the first of the four great south Chinese herbs and contains alkaloid and polysaccharide components. The compendium of materia Medica records: "Luo Da Jing, Hui Lin Yu Lu" (cloud: lingnan people substitute betel nut for tea and has been used to prevent miasma and expel pestilence.
Morinda officinalis: is a plant of Rubiaceae of Gentianales, contains polysaccharide, anthraquinone components and 23 elements such as zinc, manganese, ferrum and chromium, and has effects of invigorating kidney yang, strengthening tendons and bones, and dispelling pathogenic wind and removing dampness.
And (3) probiotics: the pig feed additive is an active microorganism beneficial to a host, has physiological functions of immunoregulation, bacteriostasis, infection resistance and the like, is combined with the synergistic effect of the plant polysaccharide, is beneficial to enhancing the cellular immunity of the pig, and obviously improves the immunity and resistance of the pig.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention selects a reasonable traditional Chinese medicine formula, the main component of which is natural plant polysaccharide, the natural plant polysaccharide can directly inhibit virus from attaching to cells, entering cells and virus replication process, the plant polysaccharide used as an interferon inducer can enhance the functions of macrophages and T cells, increase the number of E ring forming cells, induce cytokines, promote the production of interleukin 2(IL-2), and enable the endogenous interferon to be produced in an animal, thereby achieving the aim of resisting virus. The premix prepared from the traditional Chinese medicines and probiotics is used in a matched mode, so that the synergistic effect is achieved, the organism immunity of the pigs can be obviously improved, the premix can also be used as an immunity enhancer to be used in a matched mode with vaccines, the protective force of the vaccines and the disease resistance of organisms can be obviously improved, the antiviral effect is achieved, and the prevention or treatment effect is achieved.
(2) The premix prepared by the method has prevention and early treatment effects on a plurality of major viral infections endangering the pig industry, such as swine fever, African swine fever, highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and the like.
(3) The invention has the advantages of wide raw material medicine source, low cost, safe use and no residue, and can be widely applied.
(4) The premix prepared by singly adding the ganoderma lucidum, clinacanthus nutans, seaweed, morinda officinalis, betel nut and probiotics in the invention can not achieve the application effect of preventing and early treating swine fever; the ganoderma lucidum, clinacanthus nutans, seaweed, morinda officinalis, areca catechu and probiotics have a synergistic effect after being combined, and the combination of the six components can achieve the effect of preventing and early treating swine fever.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
The veterinary drug premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 35 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 10 parts of seaweed, 20 parts of morinda officinalis, 18 parts of betel nut, 2 parts of probiotics and 5 parts of auxiliary materials. Preparing five medicinal materials such as ganoderma lucidum, clinacanthus nutans, seaweed, morinda officinalis, betel nut and the like into traditional Chinese medicine extracts according to the parts by weight, respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine extracts, probiotics and auxiliary materials into 80 meshes, uniformly mixing, and preparing into a premix.
Example 2
The veterinary drug premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 30 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 14 parts of seaweed, 20 parts of morinda officinalis, 15 parts of betel nut, 4 parts of probiotics and 3 parts of auxiliary materials. Preparing five medicinal materials such as lucid ganoderma, seaweed, morinda officinalis, betel nut and the like into traditional Chinese medicine extracts according to the parts by weight, respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine extracts, probiotics and auxiliary materials into 100 meshes, uniformly mixing, and preparing into a premix.
Example 3
The veterinary drug premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 32 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 14 parts of seaweed, 15 parts of morinda officinalis, 15 parts of betel nut, 4 parts of probiotics and 4 parts of auxiliary materials. Preparing five medicinal materials such as lucid ganoderma, seaweed, betel nut and the like into traditional Chinese medicine extracts according to the parts by weight, respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine extracts, probiotics and auxiliary materials into 120 meshes, uniformly mixing, and preparing into a premix.
Example 4
The veterinary drug premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 32 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 12 parts of seaweed, 18 parts of morinda officinalis, 15 parts of betel nut, 3 parts of probiotics and 5 parts of auxiliary materials. Preparing five medicinal materials such as lucid ganoderma, seaweed, betel nut and the like into traditional Chinese medicine extracts according to the parts by weight, respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine extracts, probiotics and auxiliary materials into 100 meshes, uniformly mixing, and preparing into a premix.
Example 5
The veterinary drug premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 35 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 15 parts of seaweed, 15 parts of morinda officinalis, 14 parts of betel nut, 2 parts of probiotics and 4 parts of auxiliary materials. Preparing five medicinal materials such as lucid ganoderma, seaweed, betel nut and the like into traditional Chinese medicine extracts according to the parts by weight, respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine extracts, probiotics and auxiliary materials into 120 meshes, uniformly mixing, and preparing into a premix.
In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following tests were performed, the test methods and results were as follows:
(I) clinical trial
(1) Test animal
In a certain pig farm in Hainan, non-pestivirus infection happens before, and breeding fat pigs for a re-breeding test.
(2) Test grouping and protocol
Under the supervision of related experts, the 220-year-old pigs are subjected to African swine fever serum detection, and are divided into a conventional group, a prevention group, a control group 1, a control group 2, a control group 3, a control group 4 and a control group 5 according to the ASFV detection result, the tests are carried out, after the administration of the test for two weeks, the test is continuously fed with basic ration and observed for 28 days, and the ASFV detection is carried out on the 1 st and the 28 th days.
Conventional group: 20 ASFV negative pigs were randomly selected and placed in a pig house infected with ASFV, and the basal diet was normally raised.
Prevention group: in each embodiment of the invention, 20 ASFV negative pigs are randomly selected and placed in a piggery infected with ASFV, and the premix used in the embodiment of the invention is added according to 5 per mill of the mass of the basic ration feed of the pigs for continuous use for 2 weeks to serve as a prevention group.
Control group 1: randomly selecting 20 ASFV negative pigs, placing the ASFV negative pigs in a piggery infected with ASFV, using lucid ganoderma, probiotics and auxiliary materials to prepare a premix according to the method of the invention, adding the premix according to 5 per mill of the mass of the basic ration feed of the pigs, and continuously using the premix for 2 weeks to serve as a control group 1.
Control group 2: 20 ASFV negative pigs were randomly selected, placed in a pigsty infected with ASFV, and made into premix by the method of the present invention using Ganoderma lucidum, Clinacanthus nutans, probiotics and adjuvants, and added at 5 ‰ of the mass of basal diet feed for pigs for 2 weeks, as a control group 2.
Control group 3: randomly selecting 20 ASFV negative pigs, placing the ASFV negative pigs in a piggery infected with ASFV, using seaweed, morinda officinalis, betel nut, probiotics and auxiliary materials to prepare a premix according to the method of the invention, adding the premix according to 5 per mill of the mass of the basic ration feed of the pigs, and continuously using the premix for 2 weeks to serve as a control group 3.
Control group 4: 20 ASFV negative pigs were randomly selected, placed in a pigsty infected with ASFV, and made into premix with Ganoderma lucidum, Clinacanthus nutans, Areca catechu, probiotics and adjuvants according to the method of the present invention, and added at 5 ‰ of the mass of basal diet feed for pigs, and used for 2 weeks, as a control group 4.
Control group 5: randomly selecting 20 ASFV negative pigs, placing the ASFV negative pigs in a piggery infected with ASFV, using lucid ganoderma, seaweed, morinda officinalis, areca, probiotics and auxiliary materials to prepare a premix according to the method of the invention, adding the premix according to 5 per mill of the mass of the basic ration feed of the pigs, and continuously using the premix for 2 weeks to serve as a control group 5.
(3) Test results
The test results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The results of the above clinical trials indicate that the conventional group: death 16 at day 15 and total death 28 days; prevention group: the survival rate of the prevention group is up to 95 percent, the average survival rate is 88 percent, and ASFV detection is negative; the survival rate of the live pigs in the control groups 1 to 5 is lower than that in the prevention group.
And (4) conclusion: the veterinary drug premix has a remarkable effect on preventing the African swine fever, has a synergistic effect after being combined by the formula, and has the best effect on preventing and early treating the swine fever by combining six types of lucid ganoderma, Clinacanthus nutans, seaweeds, morinda officinalis, betel nuts and probiotics.
(II) Effect test on pig immune function
(1) Test protocol
20 nursery pigs (average weight of 9.8kg) with similar body weights were selected and divided into a test group and a control group randomly according to the body weight and the sex. Test groups: adding 5 per mill of the premix of the embodiment 5 of the invention for daily feeding; control group: feeding with basal diet. 15mL of anterior vena cava sterile blood is collected at 14d and 28d after the start of the test respectively, wherein 5mL of heparin anticoagulation is used for determining lymphocyte transformation activity by the MTT method; 2mL of blood sample EDTA dipotassium salt anticoagulation is used for immune cell differential counting; the remaining blood samples were not anticoagulated and were used for immunoglobulin and cytokine assays. Changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte transformation rates, immune cells, IFN-gamma, IL-2 and immunoglobulin indices were examined.
(2) Test results
The test results are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the above table, 14d and 28 d:
① the influence of the test group on the T lymphocyte transformation rate of peripheral blood is significantly larger than that of the control group (P < 0.05);
② total white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and neutrophil count, all significantly greater in the test group than in the control group (P < 0.05);
③ IL-2 of the test group was significantly larger than that of the control group (P < 0.05);
④ IFN-gamma of the test group is significantly larger than that of the control group (P < 0.05);
⑤ the IgA of the test group was significantly greater than the control group (P < 0.05);
(3) conclusion
① the T lymphocyte in the organism plays an important role in immunoregulation, and the premix of the invention can enhance the immunity and disease resistance of pigs by increasing the T lymphocyte transformation activity of peripheral blood, thereby reducing the harm of over-strong immune response to the organism caused by virus infection.
② the premix of the invention can reduce the number of inflammatory cells in peripheral blood of pigs, increase the number of immune cells, and enhance the immunity and disease resistance of pigs, thereby reducing the harm of too strong immune response of pigs to organisms caused by viral infection such as swine fever, African swine fever, highly pathogenic blue-ear pig disease, etc.
③ the premix of the invention can increase the secretion of immune factors IL-2 and IFN-gamma, thereby reducing the harm of too strong immune response to the body caused by virus infection.
④ the premix of the invention can enhance immunity and disease resistance by increasing the generation of pig immunoglobulin, thereby reducing the harm of too strong immune response to the organism caused by virus infection.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 30-40 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 10-20 parts of seaweed, 10-20 parts of morinda officinalis, 10-20 parts of betel nut, 1-6 parts of probiotics and 2-8 parts of auxiliary materials.
2. The traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-18 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 32-38 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 12-18 parts of seaweed, 12-18 parts of morinda officinalis, 12-18 parts of betel nut, 2-5 parts of probiotics and 4-6 parts of auxiliary materials.
3. The traditional Chinese veterinary medicine premix according to claim 2, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 35 parts of clinacanthus nutans, 15 parts of seaweed, 15 parts of morinda officinalis, 14 parts of betel nut, 2 parts of probiotics and 4 parts of auxiliary materials.
4. The veterinary herbal premix according to claims 1-3, wherein: the auxiliary material is one or more of dextrin, starch and glucose.
5. The veterinary herbal premix according to claims 1-3, wherein: the probiotic is one or more of yeast, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus; wherein the effective viable bacteria content of the yeast powder is more than or equal to 300CFU/g, the effective viable bacteria content of the bifidobacterium powder is more than or equal to 300CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
6. A method for preparing the veterinary drug premix according to claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding Ganoderma, Clinacanthus nutans, seaweed, Morinda officinalis and Arecae semen into an extraction container, adding water, extracting at 80-90 deg.C for 2 times, adding 10 times of water for the first time for 1 hr, filtering, adding 10 times of water for the second time for 30 min, filtering, mixing filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with relative density of 1.12-1.28 and temperature of 50-60 deg.C; cooling the concentrated solution to room temperature, adding ethanol to ethanol content of 30-40%, stirring, standing at 3-4 deg.C for 10-12 hr, centrifuging to remove precipitate, filtering the supernatant, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying to obtain Chinese medicinal extract;
(2) respectively pulverizing the above traditional Chinese medicine extract, probiotic and adjuvants to 80-120 mesh, mixing well, and making into veterinary drug premix.
7. The use of the veterinary drug premix according to claims 1-6 in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating swine fever.
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