CN111149502A - Cassava stem separating device of cassava combine harvester - Google Patents
Cassava stem separating device of cassava combine harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN111149502A CN111149502A CN202010007829.XA CN202010007829A CN111149502A CN 111149502 A CN111149502 A CN 111149502A CN 202010007829 A CN202010007829 A CN 202010007829A CN 111149502 A CN111149502 A CN 111149502A
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- Prior art keywords
- clamping
- cassava
- potato
- wheel
- cutting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/02—Foliage-separating mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/06—Haulm-cutting mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
- B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
- B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
- B26D1/143—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis
- B26D1/147—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with horizontal cutting member
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D13/00—Control of linear speed; Control of angular speed; Control of acceleration or deceleration, e.g. of a prime mover
- G05D13/62—Control of linear speed; Control of angular speed; Control of acceleration or deceleration, e.g. of a prime mover characterised by the use of electric means, e.g. use of a tachometric dynamo, use of a transducer converting an electric value into a displacement
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a cassava stem separating device of a cassava combine harvester, which comprises: the device comprises a fixed frame, a frequency converter and a torque sensor; the fixed frame is provided with a clamping and conveying device, a potato cutting device, a clamping and conveying driving motor and a potato cutting device driving motor, the frequency converter is connected with the driving motor, and the driving motor is in tooth joint with the clamping and conveying device and the potato cutting device respectively; the potato cutting device is provided with a torque sensor, is vertically arranged between the fixed rack and the cassava stem, and is arranged in the same vertical plane with the fixed rack and the cassava stem. The cassava is forcibly fed and pulled up and conveyed by the clamping and conveying device, conveyed to a designated position and separated from potato stems by the potato cutting device, the driving motor is controlled by the frequency converter to realize visual control of the clamping and conveying speed and the cutting rotating speed, and the cutting force calibration data parameters required by the potato cutting device are measured by the torque sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a potato stem separating device of a cassava combine harvester.
Background
Currently, the current state of the art commonly used in the industry is such that: the cassava is also called cassava and cassava, is one of three potatoes in the world, is planted in a large area all over the world, is an important tropical crop and energy crop in China, and has high practical value and nutritive value. Cassava is widely used in the industries of food, sugar, medicine, feed, chemical industry, feed, degradable plastics and the like, has great influence on various fields such as civil use, industry, national defense technology and the like, 65 percent of the total output of cassava in the world is used for human food, cassava starch is one of main industrial starch raw materials, cassava is converted into fuel alcohol, the cost of the traditional alcohol fermentation industry taking grains as raw materials can be reduced, the renewable resources are fully utilized, the dependence on petroleum can be reduced, the pressure of environmental protection can be relieved, and the development of agriculture can be promoted. The economic value and use of cassava are no longer limited to food, but can be used as a new biological energy source to maintain the virtuous cycle of the natural ecology.
The mechanical harvesting of the cassava is an important link of the cassava industry, and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the cassava industry.
In the prior art, the cassava is dug and pulled out and clamped and conveyed to a cutting device for root separation and collection in a digging and pulling combined mode, so that the automation degree is high; however, the separating device is driven by the motor and is easily influenced by factors such as environment. Self-propelled cassava harvester includes: the potato harvester comprises a forced conveying wheel, a front longitudinal beam, a clamping belt, a potato and soil separating device, a hydraulic motor, a belt wheel, a potato cutter, an electric motor, a cab, a potato block conveying device, a potato block box, a main transmission shaft, a transmission, a crawler chassis, a hydraulic cylinder, a depth limiting wheel and a digging shovel, wherein when the potato harvester works, the digging shovel enters the ground and a land wheel is put down; the internal combustion engine drives the harvester to walk, and the digging shovel finishes digging and soil loosening operation; the cassava stalks enter the clamping belts by the forced conveying wheels, and the clamping belts clamp the cassava stalks, pull up the cassava stalks and convey the cassava stalks upwards; the potato cutting knife cuts off potato blocks from the root of the stem, the potato blocks fall on the soil-potato separation device, and the stem is conveyed into the stem collection device through the clamping belt; after the cassava is separated from the soil blocks, the soil blocks fall into the ground, and the cassava enters a cassava block box to finish the harvesting operation.
However, the existing cassava harvester is still in the development and test stage at present, and particularly, the cassava combined harvesting technology is not applied. The clamping and separating device is used as a key part of the cassava combine harvester; the factors such as the clamping angle, the clamping and conveying speed, the cutting speed, the combination form of the cutting blades, the cutting stalk part and the like directly influence the harvesting efficiency, the mechanical performance and the mechanical power consumption of the cassava harvester; indirectly influences the clean potato harvesting rate, the potato damage rate, the mechanical power matching and the mechanical harvesting cost of the cassava.
Therefore, the clamping and separating device of the cassava harvester, which is reliable and practical, has extremely important significance in the development of the cassava mechanized harvester.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: (1) the motor drives, is easily influenced by factors such as environment. The self-propelled cassava harvester is not seen in a real production test, and the reliability of the self-propelled cassava harvester is unknown.
(2) The clamping and separating device influences the open potato rate and the damaged potato rate of cassava harvesting, and reduces the power consumption of machinery and the harvesting cost.
(3) The cassava processing device can complete the procedures of feeding, clamping, cutting and the like, can meet the requirement of testing and determining the optimal clamping and separating parameters under the condition of not damaging the cassava, reduces the power consumption of machines and tools, and improves the harvesting efficiency.
(4) The visual control of the clamping conveying speed and the cutting rotating speed is realized.
(5) The control of the clamping conveying speed and the cutting rotating speed is realized.
(6) The clamping gap of the stems with uneven thickness can be automatically adjusted by compressing the spring, so that the cassava stems can be stably clamped and conveyed.
The difficulty in solving the technical problems is as follows: due to the complex growth environment of cassava, variable planting conditions, uneven thickness of the stalks, and different uprightness and towering.
The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows: the cassava cutting device can adapt to harvesting of different cassava varieties, and can stabilize the clamping and conveying test device platform, so that the clamping and conveying device can effectively cut, and the phenomena of re-cutting, missed cutting and the like can be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cassava stem separating device of a cassava combine harvester, which is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can complete the procedures of feeding, clamping, cutting and the like of cassava, can meet the requirement of testing and determining the optimal clamping and separating parameters under the condition of not damaging the cassava, reduces the power consumption of machines and tools, and improves the harvesting efficiency.
The invention is realized in such a way that the device can complete the procedures of feeding, clamping, cutting and the like of cassava, and mainly comprises a grain pulling wheel, a clamping and conveying device, a fixed rack, a potato cutting device, a transmission device, a potato cutting device driving motor, a clamping and conveying driving motor and the like.
The fixed frame is provided with a clamping and conveying device, a potato cutting device, a clamping and conveying driving motor and a potato cutting device driving motor, the frequency converter is connected with the driving motor, and the potato cutting device driving motor is in tooth joint with the clamping and conveying device and the potato cutting device respectively; the potato cutting device is provided with a torque sensor, is vertically arranged between the fixed rack and the cassava stem, and is arranged in the same vertical plane with the fixed rack and the cassava stem.
Further, the clamp delivery device includes: the device comprises a grain pulling wheel, a conveying belt, a spring plunger clamping wheel, a fixed support frame, a tensioning wheel, a right clamping wheel frame, a transmission device support frame, a driving shaft, a bevel gear set, an output shaft, a transmission belt wheel, a fixed clamping wheel and a left clamping frame;
the grain pulling wheel, the tensioning wheel and the driving belt wheel are fixedly arranged on the left clamping rack and the right clamping rack through mounting nuts; the fixed support frame is welded with the right clamping wheel frame and is installed through a nut positioning spring plunger clamping wheel; the transmission device supporting frame is welded with the right clamping wheel frame and the left clamping frame.
Furthermore, the driving shaft is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the clamping and conveying device, the two pairs of bevel gear sets are symmetrically arranged, each pair of bevel gear sets are meshed in the vertical direction, and the transmission belt wheel is arranged at the lower end of the output shaft.
Further, the spring plunger clamping wheel comprises: the device comprises a mandrel, a screw, a compression spring, a sleeve, a push-pull rod, a fixed connecting piece, a belt wheel, a transmission shaft, a fixed nut, a gasket, a key, a spacer bush and a tapered roller bearing;
the sleeve is connected with a fixed supporting plate on the right clamping wheel machine frame through a nut, and the push-pull rod is in threaded connection with the fixed connecting piece.
Further, the potato cutting device comprises: the cutting device comprises a cutting knife, a cutter flange, a bearing I, a cutting transmission shaft, a bearing support piece, a bearing II and a fixing nut;
the cutting knife is connected with a cutter flange through three fixing screws, the cutter flange is connected with a cutting transmission shaft through a flat key and a taper pin combination, and the end part of the bearing is fixed through the end face of a double nut.
Further, the installation inclination of the clamping and conveying device and the horizontal included angle are 20-40 degrees,
further, this cassava combine harvester potato stem separator still installs cutting device, cutting device sets up in centre gripping separator rear portion below, and the cutting knife horizontal installation.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: the optimum parameter combination of the cassava harvesting, clamping and separating mechanism is as follows: the rotating speed of the cutter head is 600r/min, the clamping and conveying speed is 2.0m/s, the number of teeth of the cutter head is 24, and the torque value borne by the corresponding cutter in operation is most suitable at the moment and is 3.2 N.m. The implementation of the research provides a theoretical basis for the design of the cassava combine harvester in tropical and subtropical regions in China.
The cassava is forcibly fed and pulled up and conveyed by the clamping and conveying device, is conveyed to a designated position to be separated from potato stems by the potato cutting device, the driving motor is controlled by the frequency converter to realize visual control of the clamping and conveying speed and the cutting rotating speed, and the cutting force calibration data parameters required by the potato cutting device are measured by the torque sensor; the experimental platform can complete the procedures of feeding, clamping, cutting and the like of cassava, can meet the requirement of testing and determining the optimal clamping and separating parameters under the condition of not damaging the cassava, reduces the power consumption of machines and tools, and improves the harvesting efficiency.
The cassava stem separating device of the cassava combine harvester forcibly feeds the cassava stems which are laid upside down and have not straight ridge rows into the conveyer belt through the test platform, the cassava stems are pulled up by the conveyer belt and pulled to move upwards, the cassava stems are conveyed to the appointed position of the cutting knife to separate the cassava stems, and the cut cassava stems are thrown backwards along with the conveyer belt; the whole process completes the working procedures of clamping, lifting, separating and the like of the cassava. The clamping conveying device is designed to be flexible in clamping and can adjust the clamping distance in a self-adaptive mode; the joint of the cutting device is designed into a detachable adjusting mechanism to meet the regulation and control of the cutting position, the two driving motors are frequency modulation motors and are connected with an external frequency modulator, the control of the clamping conveying speed and the cutting rotating speed is realized, and a torque sensor is arranged to measure the cutting force calibration data parameters required by the potato cutting device; the whole process is simple to operate, self-adaptation is strong, the optimal clamping and separating parameters of the cassava can be determined according to different varieties of cassava, power consumption of machines and tools is reduced, and harvesting efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test platform of a cassava combine potato stem separating device provided by the embodiment of the invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a clamping and conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a top view of a clamping and conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spring plunger clamping wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a potato cutting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the three-dimensional model structure of the potato cutting device provided by the embodiment of the invention
In the figure: 1. fixing the frame; 2. a clamping and conveying device; 3. a potato cutting device; 4. a clamping conveying driving motor; 5. the potato cutting device drives a motor; 6. a frequency converter; 7. a reel for pulling out the rice; 8. a conveyor belt; 9. a spring plunger clamping wheel; 10. fixing a support frame; 11. a tension wheel; 12. a right clamping wheel frame; 13. a transmission support frame; 14. a drive shaft; 15. a bevel gear set; 16. an output shaft; 17. a drive pulley; 18. fixing the clamping wheel; 19. a left clamping frame; 20. a mandrel; 21. a screw; 22. a compression spring; 23. a sleeve; 24. A push-pull rod; 25. fixing the connecting piece; 26. a pulley; 27. a drive shaft; 28. a nut; 29. a gasket; 30. A key; 31. a spacer sleeve; 32. a tapered roller bearing; 33. a cutting knife; 34. a cutter flange; 35. a bearing I; 36. cutting the transmission shaft; 37. a bearing support; 38. a bearing II; 39. fixing a nut; 40. a torque sensor.
Fig. 7 is a sample diagram provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the effect (r/min) of cutter head tooth count and clamp feed speed on the torque value experienced by the cutter operation, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a potato and stem separating device of a cassava combine harvester, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings 1 to 6.
The cassava stem separating device of the cassava combine harvester comprises a fixed rack 1, a frequency converter 6 and a torque sensor 40, wherein a clamping and conveying device 2, a potato cutting device 3, a clamping and conveying driving motor 4 and a potato cutting device driving motor 5 are arranged on the rack, the frequency converter 6 controls the driving motors to provide power for the clamping and conveying device 2 and the potato cutting device 3 and realize visual control of clamping and conveying speed and cutting rotating speed, and the torque sensor 40 arranged on the potato cutting device is used for measuring cutting force required by the separation of the cassava stems so as to calibrate data parameters.
The clamping and conveying device comprises a grain pulling wheel 7, a conveying belt 8, a spring plunger clamping wheel 9, a fixed support frame 10, a tensioning wheel 11, a right clamping wheel frame 12, a transmission device support frame 13, a driving shaft 14, a bevel gear set 15, an output shaft 16, a transmission belt wheel 17, a fixed clamping wheel 18 and a left clamping frame 19. The reel 7, the tension pulley 11 and the driving belt pulley 17 are all fixedly arranged on the left and right frames 19 and 12 through mounting nuts; the fixed support frame 10 is welded with the right clamping wheel frame 12, and the installation of the fixed support frame is completed through the nut positioning spring plunger clamping wheel 9; the transmission device support frame 13 is welded with the right clamping wheel frame 12 and the left clamping frame 19, so that the transmission stability is ensured.
The potato cutting device comprises: the cutting knife 33, the cutter flange 34, the bearing I35, the cutting transmission shaft 36, the bearing support piece 37, the bearing II 38 and the fixing nut 39; the cutting knife 33 is connected with the cutter head flange 34 through three fixing screws, so that the working stability of the cutting knife is ensured; the cutter head flange 34 is connected with the cutting transmission shaft 36 by adopting a combination of a common flat key and a taper pin, so that the axial and rotary motion of the cutter head flange is limited; the end part of the bearing is fixed by adopting double nuts, so that the firmness of the bearing is greatly enhanced.
The driving shaft 14 of the clamping and conveying device is horizontally arranged at the uppermost end and needs to have certain strength, the two pairs of bevel gear sets 15 are symmetrically arranged, each pair of bevel gear sets are meshed in the vertical direction, and the driving belt wheel 17 is arranged at the lower end of the output shaft 16 to drive the conveying belt 8 to run.
The centre gripping conveyor spring plunger centre gripping wheel includes: the device comprises a mandrel 20, a screw 21, a compression spring 22, a sleeve 23, a push-pull rod 24, a fixed connecting piece 25, a belt wheel 26, a transmission shaft 27, a fixed nut 28, a washer 29, a key 30, a spacer 31 and a tapered roller bearing 32; the sleeve 23 is connected with a fixed support plate on the right clamping wheel frame 12 through a nut, the push-pull rod 24 is in threaded connection with the fixed connecting piece 25 and supports all parts on the right side, and the whole mechanism is convenient to install and disassemble and is used for adjusting the clamping distance of the cassava stalks in clamping and conveying.
The cutting device is located below the rear portion of the clamping and separating device, the cutting knife is horizontally installed, the connecting mode is designed to be detachable, and the influence of different cutters on the clamping and separating effect can be conveniently changed and tested.
The clamping conveying driving motor 5 and the cutting device driving motor 6 respectively provide power for the clamping conveying device and the cutting device, and each motor is provided with a frequency converter with corresponding specifications so as to adjust the clamping conveying speed and the running speed of the cutting knife.
Including fixed frame 1, converter 6 and torque sensor 40, set up centre gripping conveyor 2 in the frame, cut potato device 3, centre gripping transport driving motor 4 and cut potato device driving motor 5, control driving motor by converter 6 and provide power and realize the visual control to centre gripping conveying speed and cutting rotational speed for centre gripping conveyor 2 and cut potato device 3, survey the required cutting force calibration data parameter of potato stem separation through torque sensor 40 fixed mounting on cutting the potato device, two motors are frequency modulation motor and are connected with the peripheral hardware converter, the realization is to centre gripping conveying speed and cutting rotational speed's control.
The clamping and conveying device is arranged at an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal line, and a frequency converter 6 controls and drives a clamping and conveying motor to operate, and comprises a grain pulling wheel 7, a conveying belt 8, a spring plunger clamping wheel 9, a fixed support frame 10, a tension wheel 11, a right clamping wheel frame 12, a transmission device support frame 13, a driving shaft 14, a bevel gear group 15, an output shaft 16, a transmission belt pulley 17, a fixed clamping wheel 18 and a left clamping frame 19; the reel 7, the tension pulley 11 and the driving belt pulley 17 are fixedly arranged on a right clamping wheel frame 12 and a left clamping frame 19 through mounting nuts; the fixed support frame 10 is welded with the right clamping rack 8, and the installation of the fixed support frame is completed through the nut positioning spring plunger clamping wheel 9; the transmission device support frame 13 is welded with the right clamping wheel frame 12 and the left clamping frame 19; the clamping conveying power is provided by a motor and is transmitted to the conveying belts 8 through the driving shaft 14, the bevel gear group 15 and the output shaft 16, and the two conveying belts have the same speed and opposite directions, so that the possibility of the rotation and swing of cassava stalks during clamping conveying is reduced; when the cassava stalks are in work, the cassava stalks which are laid down and not straight in ridge rows are pulled by the grain pulling wheel 7 to drive the cassava stalks to be forcibly fed into the conveying belt 8, the fixed clamping wheel 18 is in full-section type clamping after passing through a clamping area, the spring plunger clamping wheel 9 is in double-section type clamping, and the clamping gap of the cassava stalks with uneven thickness is automatically adjusted through the compression of the spring, so that the cassava stalks can be stably clamped and conveyed;
the cutting device is located below the rear portion of the clamping and separating device, the cutting knife is installed horizontally, the connecting mode is designed to be a detachable type connecting mode, and the influence of different tools on the clamping and separating effect can be conveniently changed and tested.
In the structure shown in figure 1, the test platform for the potato stem separating device of the cassava combine harvester comprises a fixed rack 1, a clamping and conveying device 2 and a potato cutting device 3, wherein two frequency converters 6 are arranged at the rear end of the rack and respectively control and drive a clamping and conveying drive motor 4 and a potato cutting device drive motor 5, and the 300-1000n/min stepless speed change can be completed according to the requirements of operators. The clamping and conveying device 2 is arranged at the front end of the fixed rack 1 and forms a 30-degree angle with the horizontal plane, and the bottommost part of the clamping and conveying device is 25cm higher than the ground according to the actual cassava harvesting condition; when the cassava stalk separating machine works, an operator starts the frequency converter 6 to input a designated clamping conveying speed and a designated cutting rotating speed, the clamping conveying device 2 forcibly feeds and pulls the cassava stalks which are laid and have not straight ridge rows, the cassava stalks are conveyed to a designated position to be separated by the cassava cutting device 3, the remained stalks on the clamping belt are thrown backwards along with the conveying belt, and the cassava blocks fall into the collector; the whole process is used for clamping, conveying and separating the cassava, and the torque of the cutting force required by the cassava cutting device is measured through the torque sensor 37.
In the structures shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the clamping and conveying mechanism designed by the invention needs to form a certain included angle with the horizontal plane when being installed so as to fully utilize the vertical space and expand the clamping amount, and the optimal included angle is 30 degrees through theoretical analysis and calculation. Comprises 2 straw pulling wheels 7 which are symmetrically arranged at the front part of the whole device. During operation, an operator outputs a specified rotating speed by controlling the frequency converter 6, and the specified rotating speed is transmitted to the conveying belts 8 through the driving shaft 14, the bevel gear group 15 and the output shaft 16, and the two conveying belts have the same speed and opposite directions, so that the possibility of rotation and swing of cassava stalks during clamping and conveying is reduced; the grain pulling wheel 7 firstly touches the cassava stalks, so that the cassava stalks deviating from the planting center line are adjusted to the center line, and the subsequent clamping process is facilitated. 12 pairs of clamping wheels which are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side are arranged in the clamping area, the diameters of the clamping wheels are 80mm, the material is selected from hard aluminum alloy, the mounting center distance of each pair of clamping wheels is 100mm, the left clamping wheel is selected from a full-section type clamping wheel (18) fixedly arranged on the clamping conveying rack, and the right clamping wheel is selected from a spring plunger clamping wheel (9) connected with a spring plunger. At least 2 pairs of clamping points are provided for the cassava stalks during clamping and conveying, so that the cassava stalks can be effectively prevented from falling, inclining and rotating due to factors such as friction force, dead weight and the like during conveying; the spring plunger clamping wheel on the right side provides clamping force and adjusts the clamping distance, and the central position of the cassava stem keeps relatively stable.
In the structure shown in fig. 5 and 6, the potato cutting device designed by the invention is vertically arranged on the fixed frame and always kept in the same vertical plane with the cassava stem; cut the potato device and include: the cutting knife 33, the cutter flange 34, the bearing I35, the cutting transmission shaft 36, the bearing support piece 37, the bearing II 38, the fixing nut 39 and the torque sensor 40; the cutting knife 33 is connected with the cutter head flange 34 through three fixing screws, so that the working stability of the cutting knife is ensured; the cutter head flange 34 is connected with the cutting transmission shaft 36 by adopting a combination of a common flat key and a taper pin, so that the axial movement and the circumferential rotation of the cutter head flange are limited; the bearing is fixed by double nuts, so that the firmness of the bearing is greatly enhanced; during operation, the driving motor provides power for the cutting device, the cassava stalks are conveyed to the designated cutting position by the clamping and conveying device, the separation of the cassava stalks is completed, the cut tuberous roots fall into a collecting box prepared in advance, and the separated cassava stalks are thrown backwards along with the clamping and conveying device. The motor is selected as a variable frequency motor and is externally connected with a frequency modulator, an operator outputs a specified rotating speed by controlling the frequency modulator, and a torque sensor 40 fixedly arranged on the potato cutting device is used for measuring a cutting force calibration data parameter required by the potato cutting device; thereby exploring the optimal clamping and separating parameters for optimal cassava harvesting.
Further description is provided below in connection with specific experiments.
As shown in the prototype pictorial view of fig. 7. For example, fig. 8 shows the influence (r/min) of the cutter teeth number and the clamping conveying speed on the torque value of the cutter operation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cassava combine potato stem separation device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a fixed frame, a frequency converter and a torque sensor;
the fixed frame is provided with a clamping and conveying device, a potato cutting device, a clamping and conveying driving motor and a potato cutting device driving motor, the frequency converter is connected with the driving motor, and the potato cutting device driving motor is in tooth joint with the clamping and conveying device and the potato cutting device respectively; the potato cutting device is provided with a torque sensor, is vertically arranged between the fixed rack and the cassava stem, and is arranged in the same vertical plane with the fixed rack and the cassava stem.
2. The cassava combine potato stem separation device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping conveyor device comprises: the device comprises a grain pulling wheel, a conveying belt, a spring plunger clamping wheel, a fixed support frame, a tensioning wheel, a right clamping wheel frame, a transmission device support frame, a driving shaft, a bevel gear set, an output shaft, a transmission belt wheel, a fixed clamping wheel and a left clamping frame;
the grain pulling wheel, the tensioning wheel and the driving belt wheel are fixedly arranged on the left clamping rack and the right clamping rack through mounting nuts; the fixed support frame is welded with the right clamping wheel frame and is installed through a nut positioning spring plunger clamping wheel; the transmission device supporting frame is welded with the right clamping wheel frame and the left clamping frame.
3. The potato stem separating device of the cassava combine harvester of claim 2, wherein the driving shaft is horizontally installed at the upper end of the clamping and conveying device, two pairs of bevel gear sets are symmetrically installed, each pair of bevel gear sets are meshed in the vertical direction, and the driving belt wheel is installed at the lower end of the output shaft.
4. The cassava combine potato stem separation device, according to claim 2, wherein the spring plunger clamping wheel comprises: the device comprises a mandrel, a screw, a compression spring, a sleeve, a push-pull rod, a fixed connecting piece, a belt wheel, a transmission shaft, a fixed nut, a gasket, a key, a spacer bush and a tapered roller bearing;
the sleeve is connected with a fixed supporting plate on the right clamping wheel machine frame through a nut, and the push-pull rod is in threaded connection with the fixed connecting piece.
5. The cassava combine potato stem separation device according to claim 1, wherein the potato cutting device comprises: the cutting device comprises a cutting knife, a cutter flange, a bearing I, a cutting transmission shaft, a bearing support piece, a bearing II and a fixing nut;
the cutting knife is connected with a cutter flange through three fixing screws, the cutter flange is connected with a cutting transmission shaft through a flat key and a taper pin combination, and the end part of the bearing is fixed through the end face of a double nut.
6. The cassava combine potato and stem separation device, according to claim 1, wherein the angle of inclination of the installation of the holding and conveying device is 20 ° to 40 ° from the horizontal.
7. The cassava combine potato stem separating device according to claim 1, wherein the cassava combine potato stem separating device is further provided with a cutting device, the cutting device is arranged below the rear part of the clamping and separating device, and the cutting knife is horizontally arranged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010007829.XA CN111149502B (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Cassava stem separating device of cassava combine harvester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010007829.XA CN111149502B (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Cassava stem separating device of cassava combine harvester |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111149502A true CN111149502A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
| CN111149502B CN111149502B (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010007829.XA Active CN111149502B (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Cassava stem separating device of cassava combine harvester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112136486A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南新汇制药股份有限公司 | Evodia rutaecarpa harvesting method and device |
| CN114946394A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北理工学院 | Multifunctional test bench and test equipment using same |
| CN116616028A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-22 | 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 | Potato stem separating device of cassava combine harvester |
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| CN112136486A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南新汇制药股份有限公司 | Evodia rutaecarpa harvesting method and device |
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| CN116616028B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-03-19 | 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 | Potato stem separating device of cassava combine harvester |
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