CN211378807U - A traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

A frame part and a harvesting unit frame part of the traction-type large-row and small-row garlic combine harvester can be adjusted relatively, row alignment and seedling support can be facilitated, semi-automatic row alignment is realized through ingenious linkage among all units, and the seedling support rate is also improved. Compared with manual harvesting, the device has the advantages of labor saving, time saving and high working efficiency, and can be used for harvesting garlic in a large and small row planting mode; compared with the existing garlic harvesting device, the device has the advantages of good grain guiding and lifting effect, convenient walking, easy moving, easy operation, good soil adaptability, low garlic damage rate and high efficiency. The device has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, easiness in processing, strong practicability, low price, convenience in use, higher market demand and the like, and is easy to popularize and apply.

Description

A traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of economic crop harvesting, in particular to a traction type garlic combine harvester with large and small rows.

Background technique

Garlic is rich in nutrients, unique in flavor, and has a wide range of uses. China's garlic planting area is about 12 million mu, accounting for more than 90% of the global planting area. According to the survey on the current situation of my country's garlic industry, the main garlic producing area is mainly Shandong, represented by Jinxiang.

Despite the large area of garlic planting in Shandong, the actual application area of garlic machinery is less than 1%. Probably because the existing garlic harvesting machinery has problems such as low degree of automation, large harvesting loss, unreasonable functional structure setting, high harvesting cost, low efficiency, time-consuming and labor-intensive and so on. And because garlic is a labor-intensive cultivated crop, the harvesting process has problems such as high labor intensity, occupation of agricultural time, strong harvest seasonality, large harvest losses, and low efficiency, which have become the main problems affecting the development of garlic production and industrial growth. .

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a traction type garlic combine harvester with large and small rows, which can realize operations such as excavation, soil removal, clamping and conveying, cutting seedlings and garlic head collection, etc. Simple, easy to use and semi-automatic alignment. This equipment is very helpful to solve the time-consuming and laborious problem of farmers' traditional manual harvesting of garlic.

The equipment includes a frame, the frame is the main support part of the equipment, the bottom of the frame is provided with a wheel assembly, and the front of the frame is provided with a suspension shaft assembly, the suspension shaft assembly is used to connect the existing agricultural machinery power machinery, such as Tractor etc. Driven by agricultural machinery, the frame travels as a whole for collection operations.

The frame is provided with a harvesting unit frame, the harvesting unit frame is in the form of a frame, and a parallel device, a clamping conveying device and an excavating shovel are arranged on the harvesting unit frame.

The aligning device is arranged between the harvesting unit frame and the vehicle frame. The opposing device includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic oil tank. The hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. By controlling the telescopic amount of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the relative position between the frame of the harvesting unit and the frame is controlled, that is, the excavation is controlled. The tools of the shovel and conveyor are oriented to align the garlic seedlings.

The front top surface of the harvesting unit frame is also provided with a harvesting device, the harvesting device includes a floating rod, a harvesting rod, a bearing, and a baffle, and the harvesting device is rotated and installed on the harvesting unit frame through the bearing. On the front top surface, the floating rod is elastically connected with the frame. The harvesting rods are arranged obliquely, and the harvesting rods correspond to each other, and the form is wide at the front and narrow at the back, so that the garlic straws are guided to a suitable position, that is, between the belts corresponding to each other of the clamping and conveying devices.

The bottom of the frame is provided with an adjusting rod, and the front end of the adjusting rod is in the form of a digging shovel.

A seedling cutting device is arranged at the rear of the frame, a garlic head conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the seedling cutting device, and a garlic head collecting device is arranged at the end of the conveyor. The seedling cutting device is used to cut off the garlic stalk, and the conveyor is used to collect the garlic heads after cutting the garlic stalks and convey them to the garlic head collection device.

The rear of the seedling cutting device is provided with a falling seedling device for collecting the falling seedlings.

Further, a control center is provided on the rack of the harvesting unit, and the control center is used to control the start and stop of each unit of the equipment, and a seat is provided at the front of the control center for the operator to ride.

Further, the clamping and conveying device is integrally hinged on the rack of the harvesting unit, and a lifting rod is arranged on the side of the front part. On the side, the screw end is rotatably arranged on the frame, and is locked with the frame through the lifting rod, so as to determine the specific angle of the clamping and conveying device and adjust the distance from the ground.

Further, the front end of the clamping and conveying device is rotatably provided with a reeling device, and the reeling device is in the form of a rotatably arranged impeller.

Further, a soil cleaning device is provided at the lower part of the clamping and conveying device, and the soil cleaning device includes a clamping rod and an eccentric block arranged oppositely, and the clamping rod is set corresponding to each conveying channel of the clamping and conveying device, The eccentric block is driven by the motor to drive the oppositely arranged clamping rods. Make it counter-vibrate and shake off the top layer of garlic.

Further, the setting form of the seedling cutting device is as follows: the seedling cutting device includes a cutter motor, an upper cutter, a lower cutter, a clamping mechanism and a hinge, and the hinge is used to install the whole equipment, and the upper cutter and the upper cutter are connected to each other. The lower cutting knives are separately arranged on the two bases, and the two cutting knives are arranged opposite to each other. A clamping mechanism is arranged between the two bases for adjusting the distance between the two cutting knives. The two cutters are driven by the cutter motor to cut off the garlic stems that are being gripped and conveyed.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

1. Compared with manual harvesting, the device has the advantages of labor-saving, time-saving and high working efficiency, and can be used for harvesting in the large and small row planting mode of garlic;

2. Compared with the existing garlic harvesting device, the device has good effect of attracting and helping weeds, convenient for walking, easy to move, easy to operate, good soil adaptability, low garlic damage rate and high efficiency.

3. The device has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, easy processing, strong practicability, low price, convenient use, high market demand, etc., and is easy to popularize and apply.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the structure schematic diagram of the cutting rod device of a traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester according to the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the structure schematic diagram of the cutting rod device of a traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester according to the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the harvesting device of a traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester according to the present utility model;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a seedling cutting device of a traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester according to the present utility model;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil removal device of a traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester according to the present utility model;

Reference number:

1- Harvesting device 2- Suspension shaft combination 3- Frame 4- Crossing device 5- Hydraulic oil tank 6- Lifting rod 7- Reeling device 8- Clamping and conveying device 9- Digging shovel 10- Control center 11- Seat 12-adjusting rod 13-soil cleaning device 14-harvesting unit frame 15-wheel combination 16-seedling cutting device 17-garlic head conveyor 18-garlic head collecting device 19-seedling dropping device 20-floating rod 21-harvest rod 22- Axle 23-Baffle plate 24-Upper cutter 25-Lower cutter 26-Clamping mechanism 27-Hinge

The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the purpose of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, a traction type large and small row garlic combine harvester described in the present utility model is mainly used in the large and small row garlic planting mode. The row spacing is generally 18-20 cm, the general plant spacing is 18-20 cm, the height of a single plant is generally 60-70 cm, the height after sprouts is generally 50-60 cm, and the growth depth of raw garlic is generally 4-5 cm in the soil layer. within.

Including a frame 3, the frame 3 is the main body support part of the equipment, the bottom of the frame 3 is provided with a wheel assembly 15, the front of the frame 3 is provided with a suspension shaft assembly 2, and the suspension shaft assembly 2 is used to connect the current There are agricultural power machinery, such as tractors and so on. Driven by agricultural machinery, the frame 3 travels as a whole to perform the collection operation.

The frame 3 is provided with a harvesting unit frame 14 , the harvesting unit frame 14 is in the form of a frame, and on the harvesting unit frame 14 is provided a paralleling device 4 , a gripping and conveying device 8 and an excavating shovel 9 .

The aligning device 4 is arranged between the harvesting unit frame 14 and the vehicle frame 3 . The opposing device 4 includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic oil tank 5. The hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. By controlling the telescopic amount of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the relative position between the harvesting unit frame 14 and the vehicle frame 3 is controlled, That is, the tool orientation of the excavating shovel 9 and the conveying device is controlled to align the garlic seedlings.

The front top surface of the harvesting unit frame 14 is also provided with a harvesting device 1, the harvesting device 1 includes a floating rod 20, a harvesting rod 21, a bearing 22, and a baffle 23, and the harvesting device 1 passes through The bearing 22 is rotatably arranged on the front top surface of the harvesting unit frame 14 , and the floating rod 20 is elastically connected with the frame 3 . The harvesting rods 21 are in the form of oblique setting, and the harvesting rods 21 are corresponding to each other, and the form is wide in the front and narrow in the back. .

The bottom of the frame 3 is provided with an adjusting rod 12 , and the front end of the adjusting rod 12 is in the form of a digging shovel 9 .

A seedling cutting device 16 is arranged at the rear of the frame 3 , a garlic head conveyor 17 is arranged at the bottom of the seedling cutting device 16 , and a garlic head collecting device 18 is arranged at the end of the conveyor. The seedling cutting device 16 is used for cutting garlic stems, and the conveyor is used for collecting the garlic heads after cutting the garlic stems, and conveying them to the garlic head collecting device 18 .

The rear of the seedling cutting device 16 is provided with a falling seedling device 19 for collecting the falling seedlings.

Further, the harvesting unit rack 14 is provided with a control center 10, which is used to control the start and stop of each unit of the equipment, and a seat 11 is provided at the front of the control center 10 for the operator to ride.

Further, the clamping and conveying device 8 is integrally hinged on the harvesting unit frame 14, and a lifting rod 6 is provided on the side of the front part. Hold the side of the conveying device 8, the screw end of which is rotated and arranged on the frame 3, and is locked with the frame 3 through the lifting rod 6 to determine the specific angle of the holding and conveying device 8 and adjust the distance from the ground.

Further, the front end of the gripping and conveying device 8 is rotatably provided with a reeling device 7, and the reeling device 7 is in the form of a rotatably arranged impeller.

Further, the lower part of the clamping and conveying device 8 is provided with a soil cleaning device 13 , and the soil cleaning device 13 includes a clamping rod and an eccentric block arranged oppositely, and the clamping rod corresponds to each of the clamping and conveying device 8 . The conveying channel is arranged, and the eccentric block is driven by the motor to drive the oppositely arranged clamping rods. Make it counter-vibrate and shake off the top layer of garlic.

Further, the setting form of the seedling cutting device 16 is as follows: the seedling cutting device 16 includes a cutter motor, an upper cutter 24, a lower cutter 25, a clamping mechanism 26 and a hinge 27, and the hinge 27 is used to install the whole equipment The upper cutter 24 and the lower cutter 25 are respectively arranged on two bases, and the two cutters are oppositely arranged. A clamping mechanism 26 is arranged between the two bases for adjusting the distance between the two cutting knives. The two cutters are driven by the cutter motor to cut off the garlic stems that are being gripped and conveyed.

When the harvester is in operation, it is driven by agricultural machinery and provides power. The harvesting device 1 completes the lifting of the garlic seedlings, and the harvesting device 1 completes the separation of the garlic seedlings from the outside within the scope of the harvesting width. For the root operation, the holding and conveying device 8 grips the whole garlic while pulling it up and conveys it backward: a soil cleaning device 13 is arranged under the front section of the holding and conveying device 8 to complete the separation of garlic and soil, and the The garlic is transported to the seedling cutting device 16 and arranged in sequence, the garlic stem is cut off by the cutting knife of the fruit stem separation section, and the cut garlic head directly falls into the garlic head conveyor 17, and the garlic head conveyor 17 transports the garlic to the garlic head collecting device 18 In the four hanging woven bags hanging on the top, the garlic stems continue to be transported backwards, collected by the seedling dropping device 19 and scattered to the ground. After the garlic in the four hanging woven bags is full, stop and replace the new collection woven bags, and continue the garlic harvesting operation. .

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a big small row garlic combine of towed, includes the frame, and the frame bottom is equipped with the wheel combination, and the frame front portion is equipped with suspension shaft combination, its characterized in that: the frame is provided with a harvesting unit frame, the harvesting unit frame is in a frame form, and the harvesting unit frame is provided with a line aligning device, a clamping and conveying device and a digging shovel;

the alignment device is arranged between the harvesting unit frame and the frame and comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder;

the front top surface of the harvesting unit frame is also provided with a grain guiding device, the grain guiding device comprises a floating rod, a grain guiding rod, a bearing and a baffle plate, the grain guiding device is rotatably arranged on the front top surface of the harvesting unit frame through the bearing, and the floating rod is elastically connected with the frame; the straw guiding rods are arranged obliquely, correspond to each other in pairs, and are closed up in a form that the front part is wide and the back part is narrow;

the bottom of the frame is provided with an adjusting rod, and the front end of the adjusting rod is in a digging shovel form;

a seedling cutting device is arranged at the rear part of the frame, a garlic bulb conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the seedling cutting device, and a garlic bulb collecting device is arranged at the tail end of the conveyor; the rear part of the seedling cutting device is provided with a seedling falling device for collecting seedlings.

2. The pull-type large and small garlic row combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the harvesting unit frame is provided with a control center, and a seat is arranged at the front part of the control center.

3. The pull-type large and small garlic harvester combine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holding and conveying device is integrally hinged to the frame of the harvesting unit, and the lifting rod is provided at a front side thereof and is in the form of a screw and a screw sleeve, the screw sleeve end of the lifting rod is provided at a side of the holding and conveying device, and the screw end of the lifting rod is rotatably provided on the frame.

4. The pull-type large and small garlic row combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end of the holding and conveying device is provided with a reel device in a rotating manner, and the reel device is in the form of a rotatably arranged impeller.

5. The pull-type large and small garlic row combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holding and conveying device is provided with a soil cleaning device at the lower part thereof, the soil cleaning device comprises a holding rod and an eccentric block which are oppositely arranged, and the holding rod is arranged corresponding to each conveying channel of the holding and conveying device.

6. A pull-type large and small row garlic combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling cutting device is arranged as follows: the seedling cutting device comprises a cutter motor, an upper cutter, a lower cutter, a clamping mechanism and a hinge, wherein the upper cutter and the lower cutter are respectively arranged on the two bases and are arranged oppositely; a clamping mechanism is arranged between the two bases.

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