CN111109518A - Coarse cereal rice with blood fat reducing effect and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Coarse cereal rice with blood fat reducing effect and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111109518A
CN111109518A CN202010109196.3A CN202010109196A CN111109518A CN 111109518 A CN111109518 A CN 111109518A CN 202010109196 A CN202010109196 A CN 202010109196A CN 111109518 A CN111109518 A CN 111109518A
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parts
traditional chinese
chinese medicine
coarse cereal
weight
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鹿保鑫
孙靖辰
王霞
张东杰
孙岩琳
武振平
袁鹏飞
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Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L11/01—Pulses or legumes in form of whole pieces or fragments thereof, without mashing or comminuting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L11/01—Pulses or legumes in form of whole pieces or fragments thereof, without mashing or comminuting
    • A23L11/03—Soya beans, e.g. full-fat soya bean flakes or grits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/03—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole pieces or fragments without mashing the original pieces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A23L19/105—Sweet potatoes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L25/20—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to coarse cereal rice with a blood fat reducing effect and a preparation method thereof, the coarse cereal rice with the blood fat reducing effect is prepared from coarse cereal raw materials, traditional Chinese medicine raw materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the coarse cereal raw materials comprise 15-20 parts by weight of rice, 4-8 parts by weight of oat, 4-8 parts by weight of buckwheat, 2-4 parts by weight of corn, 2-4 parts by weight of black bean and 2-4 parts by weight of pea; the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: 1-3 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 1-3 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 1-3 parts of sophora flower, 1-3 parts of ginkgo leaves and 1-3 parts of hawthorn; the auxiliary materials comprise: 2-5 parts of cashew nuts, 3-6 parts of sweet potatoes, 3-6 parts of purple potatoes, 2-4 parts of celery, 2-4 parts of carrots, 2-4 parts of mushrooms and 2-4 parts of cucumbers. The invention combines the traditional Chinese medicine components with the effects of reducing blood pressure, reducing blood fat and preventing angiosclerosis with the coarse cereals with the effects of reducing blood fat and enhancing blood vessel elasticity, meets the living requirements of hyperlipoidemia people and is suitable for long-term eating.

Description

Coarse cereal rice with blood fat reducing effect and preparation method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of food, in particular to coarse cereal rice with a blood fat reducing effect and a preparation method thereof.
Secondly, background art:
epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence of cardiovascular disease in oriental persons, who predominate in cereals, is lower than in western persons, who predominate in animal foods; the incidence of atherosclerosis and the mortality rate of southern areas mainly eating rice are low in northern areas mainly eating flour, and researches show that reasonable diet arrangement is the basis for preventing and treating hyperlipidemia. In the dietary structure of China, grains and cereals occupy important positions, and the grains and cereals play very important roles in guaranteeing the supply of comprehensive nutrition and improving the health level of people.
The coarse cereals have very rich nutritional value, wherein the cellulose and mineral substances are multiple times of those of common white rice, the contained vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E and trace elements such as calcium, potassium, iron, zinc and the like are more abundant, the coarse cereals are main sources of dietary fibers, mostly contain more unsaturated fatty acids and can provide most of nutrients necessary for human bodies.
Since ancient times, the Chinese medicine emphasizes the homology of medicine and food, namely, food also has the effect of assisting in treating diseases. It is not known when the disease is in a state of sprouting, and it has a slow progressive process. The medicated diet can play a role in balancing and coordinating the health and the diseases, can treat the diseases without the diseases, and belongs to the upper medical science. Has good prevention and treatment effect and obvious effect. The self-treatment by food therapy can treat and strengthen the body and prevent diseases, which is one of the characteristics different from the drug treatment. The medicated diet is mostly mild, but if the medicated diet is eaten for a long time, the effects of preventing and treating diseases, building bodies and preserving health are more obvious.
Chinese patent document publication No. CN103494084B, entitled "A coarse cereal composite rice and preparation method thereof", comprises semen oryzae Sativae, Oryza Glutinosa, fructus Zizaniae Caduciflorae, brown rice, fructus Hordei vulgaris, jowar, semen Fagopyri Esculenti, Bulbus Allii Cepae, fructus Lycopersici Esculenti, herba Fimbristylis Dichotomae, semen Ginkgo, fructus kaki Capsici, pericarpium Citri Grandis, etc., and has the following beneficial effects: the rice made by the brown rice and the common polished round-grained rice not only accords with the modern fast-paced life, but also has the functions of nutrition and health care. The product has effects of invigorating stomach, lowering blood pressure, reducing blood lipid, resisting tumor, and improving immunity. And the manufacturing method is simple, the cost is low, and the market prospect is good.
Chinese patent publication No. CN103404798B, whose patent name is "a spring minor cereal porridge powder and its preparation method", comprises 15-25 of polished round-grained rice, 8-12 of glutinous rice, 8-12 of corn, 3-7 of sorghum rice, 8-12 of husked millet, 3-7 of pearl barley, 3-7 of bean, 3-7 of white hyacinth bean, 8-12 of red bean, 3-7 of red rice and 12-18 of oat, and has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and qi, strengthening spleen and stomach, replenishing vital essence and strengthening mind, regulating the five internal organs, promoting blood circulation, improving hearing and eyesight, warming spleen and stomach, reducing blood fat and reducing serum cholesterol, so the invention is a good dish and good medicine for nourishing in spring.
The two patents do not mention the purpose of realizing homology of medicine and food by combining coarse cereals and traditional Chinese medicines, so the invention provides the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat and the preparation method thereof.
Thirdly, the invention content:
the invention aims to provide coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat, the combination of the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat and traditional Chinese medicines has the characteristics of color, fragrance, taste and the like of food, and the drug effect of the traditional Chinese medicines, and the aims of preventing diseases and relieving pains are fulfilled by blending and finely processing the coarse cereal rice; the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the coarse cereal rice with the blood fat reducing effect is prepared from 15-20 parts by weight of rice, 4-8 parts by weight of oat, 4-8 parts by weight of buckwheat, 2-4 parts by weight of corn, 2-4 parts by weight of black bean and 2-4 parts by weight of pea; the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: 1-3 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 1-3 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 1-3 parts of sophora flower, 1-3 parts of ginkgo leaves and 1-3 parts of hawthorn; the auxiliary materials comprise: 2-5 parts of cashew nuts, 3-6 parts of sweet potatoes, 3-6 parts of purple potatoes, 2-4 parts of celery, 2-4 parts of carrots, 2-4 parts of mushrooms and 2-4 parts of cucumbers; according to the proportion, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities by 40-55 ℃, drying by air blowing for 3-4 hours, primarily crushing, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve, then carrying out superfine crushing, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve and 400-mesh sieve, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into 6 times of water, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract, soaking at 30-40 ℃ and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-20 minutes, then carrying out decoction for three times, and filtering to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
In the coarse cereal raw materials in the scheme, the raw materials comprise: 18 parts of rice, 6 parts of oat, 6 parts of buckwheat, 3 parts of corn, 3 parts of black bean and 3 parts of pea, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials: 2 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 2 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 2 parts of sophora flower, 2 parts of ginkgo leaf and 2 parts of hawthorn, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise: 3 parts of cashew nuts, 4 parts of sweet potatoes, 4 parts of purple potatoes, 3 parts of celery, 3 parts of carrots, 3 parts of mushrooms and 3 parts of cucumbers.
The preparation method of the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking rice, corn, black beans, peas and cashews, mixing, pouring into water for cleaning, draining, pouring into a container, adding purified water which is 3cm higher than the surface of the container, soaking for 12 hours, and cleaning;
step 2, putting the oat and the buckwheat into a baking machine, baking for 15-25min at 55-65 ℃, taking out and cooling;
step 3, cleaning the sweet potatoes and the purple sweet potatoes, scraping the skins, and cutting into blocks of 1-2 cm;
step 4, cleaning celery, carrots, mushrooms and cucumbers, and cutting into blocks of 1-2 cm;
step 5, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities, drying for 3-4 hours at 40-55 ℃ by air blast, primarily crushing and sieving with a sieve of 80-100 meshes, then carrying out superfine crushing and sieving with a sieve of 300-400 meshes, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into water with the weight of 6 times, then, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract, soaking at 30-40 ℃, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-25 minutes in a matching manner, wherein the ultrasonic oscillation frequency range is 50-60Khz, then carrying out decoction, wherein the first decoction is carried out for 20-30 minutes at 140 ℃, the fire is stopped for 20 minutes, the second decoction is carried out for 60-70 minutes at 100 ℃, the fire is stopped for 20 minutes, the third decoction is carried out for 90-100 minutes at 80 ℃, then filtering is carried out, and the filtrate is taken out and introduced into a suction filtration device for secondary filtration to obtain traditional Chinese medicine decoction;
step 6, mixing the materials prepared in the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 with the traditional Chinese medicine soup, putting the mixture into a pot, steaming the mixture for 30 to 40 minutes at the temperature of 130-;
and 7, putting the coarse cereal rice dried in the step 6 into a sealed lunch box-shaped container, standing for 1.5h, performing cooking sterilization when the moisture in the coarse cereal rice is uniformly dispersed, and steaming for 6-8 minutes at the temperature of 120-.
When the traditional Chinese medicine extract is extracted under the assistance of ultrasonic waves in the step 5 of the scheme, the technological conditions are set as the extraction temperature of 80 ℃, the ultrasonic time of 25min, the ultrasonic frequency of 60KHz and the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 20.
The invention provides coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat, which is prepared from the following main coarse cereal raw materials:
oat: the food is commonly called as mallow, rimy, brome and wild wheat, is a low-sugar, high-nutrition and high-energy food, almost has no main defects of other grains, is distributed in all places of China, is especially rich in nutrients needed by human bodies, such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, plant fibers, vitamin B, vitamin E, minerals, riboflavin, saponin and the like, and has the effects of reducing blood sugar, relaxing bowel, supplementing calcium, prolonging life, whitening and removing freckles and preventing cardiovascular diseases, and is cultivated in the interior and exterior of the great wall in northern China, the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the inner Mongolia and the northeast-one grazing area or the semi-grazing area.
The oat is rich in nutrition and trace elements and has the effects of reducing blood sugar and relaxing bowel, so that the oat is selected as the coarse cereal raw material.
Buckwheat: buckwheat, also known as Triticum aestivum, is a plant of genus Fagopyrum of family Polygonaceae, family annual herbaceous dicotyledonae. The Yi nationality is called as the forehead, which is written as naked oats or black oats in ancient times, is rich in protein, dietary fiber, iron, manganese, zinc and other trace elements, and has the effects of enhancing the elasticity of blood vessels, reducing blood fat, promoting metabolism, preventing and treating diabetes, relieving cough and asthma and the like.
Buckwheat is rich in nutrition and trace elements and has the effects of enhancing the elasticity of blood vessels and reducing blood fat, so that the buckwheat is selected as the raw material of the coarse cereals.
Corn: corn is the seed of corn of gramineous plants, native to Mexico and Peru in Central America, is transferred to China in 16 th century, is the first grain crop in China at present, is planted in all parts of China, especially more in northeast, North China and southwest, is a good health care product in coarse grain, is rich in carbohydrate, protein, fat, carotene, riboflavin and the like, and has the effects of losing weight, preventing and resisting cancers, reducing blood pressure, reducing blood fat, improving memory, resisting aging, improving eyesight and promoting gastrointestinal motility.
The corn is rich in nutrition and has the effects of reducing blood pressure and blood fat, so that the corn is selected as the raw material of the coarse cereals.
Black bean: black beans, also called scull beans, apocynum beans, black beans, are often called black beans and equine beans among people, and are called the king of beans. Black bean has good effects of anti-aging and medicine food. The black bean is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipid, calcium, phosphorus, ferrum, potassium, sodium, carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, folic acid, choline, daidzein, saponin, etc. The black beans are mild in nature and sweet in taste; spleen and kidney meridians entered; has effects in relieving swelling, invigorating qi, moistening lung, removing dryness-heat, eliminating phlegm, relieving asthma, promoting blood circulation, promoting diuresis, dispelling pathogenic wind, removing arthralgia, tonifying blood, tranquilizing mind, improving eyesight, invigorating spleen, invigorating kidney, nourishing yin, and removing toxic substances; can be used for treating edema, rheumatism, loempe, jaundice, edema, rheumatism, spasm, puerperal pain, trismus, carbuncle, sore, relieving drug toxicity, stopping sweating due to pathogenic wind-heat, blackening hair, and prolonging life.
The black soya bean is rich in nutrition and trace elements and has the characteristics of reducing swelling, descending qi, improving eyesight and tonifying spleen, so that the black soya bean is selected as the raw material of the coarse cereals.
Pea: peas, also known as sweet peas, are spring-sown annual or fall-sown perennial climbing herbaceous plants originating in the west part of asia, the mediterranean region, and the west parts of russia and deuteroides thousands of years ago, all of which have been added by caucasian cables. The sweet broad pea is one of the main edible vegetable varieties in western countries because of the very important function of enhancing the metabolism function of human bodies, is rich in nutrient substances needed by human bodies such as carotene, protein, dietary fiber, vitamin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, sodium and the like, has the effects of benefiting middle-jiao energy, stopping diarrhea and dysentery, promoting urination, eliminating carbuncle and swelling, and can also treat diseases such as discomfort of spleen and stomach, vomiting due to inverse hiccup, distending pain of heart and abdomen, thirst and diarrhea and the like.
The peas are rich in nutrition and have the effects of tonifying middle-jiao energy, stopping diarrhea and dysentery, promoting urination and eliminating carbuncle and swelling, so that the peas are selected as the raw materials of the coarse cereals.
The traditional Chinese medicine formula of the added traditional Chinese medicine is elaborately prepared through years of practical experience on the basis of the traditional empirical formula, and comprises the following medicinal materials:
red sage root: the salvia miltiorrhiza is used as a medicine, has dry roots, is sweet in taste and slightly bitter in property, is slightly warm, and enters spleen and lung channels, contains various medicinal elements, and the ginseng glucoside in the salvia miltiorrhiza can inhibit the generation of hypercholesterolemia of animals and can reduce cholesterol.
Polygonum multiflorum: the dried root tuber of multiflower knotweed is bitter, sweet and astringent in taste and warm in nature, and enters liver and kidney meridians. The fleece-flower root contains rich lecithin, starch and the like, is beneficial to fat transportation, and also contains anthracene ester derivatives which mainly comprise chrysophanol and rhein, and rhein and physcion and the like, so that the intestinal motility is enhanced, the absorption of cholesterol is inhibited, the cholesterol is prevented from depositing in the liver, and being retained in serum or permeating into an intima of an artery, and the formation of atherosclerosis is slowed down.
And (3) flos sophorae: flos Sophorae Immaturus is bitter in taste, mild in nature, and nontoxic, and has effects of clearing heat, cooling blood, stopping bleeding, and lowering blood pressure. Has remarkable curative effects on hematemesis, hematuria, hemorrhoid hemorrhage, conjunctival congestion due to wind-heat, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cervical lymphoid tuberculosis, angiosclerosis, hematochezia, diabetes, retinitis, psoriasis, etc.; it also has anthelmintic and pharyngitis treating effects. Flos Sophorae Immaturus has effects of enhancing capillary resistance, reducing vascular permeability, and restoring elasticity of fragile blood vessel, so as to reduce blood lipid and prevent angiosclerosis.
Ginkgo leaf: the ginkgo leaf can promote blood circulation and prevent cardiovascular diseases, the ginkgo extract is concentrated granular and has strong functions of scavenging free radicals and resisting oxidation, and the flavonoid glycoside, amino acid and amino acid in the ginkgo leaf synthesize collagen components which have the functions of beautifying the human body, inhibiting the growth of melanin and keeping the luster and elasticity of the skin; and can be used for treating hypertension, arteriosclerosis, Takayasu arteritis, thromboangiitis obliterans, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, cerebral embolism, and aplastic anemia.
Hawthorn fruit: the fructus crataegi mainly contains maslinic acid, citric acid, proud meat decomposition acid, vitamin C, flavone, carbohydrate, etc., and has effects of dilating blood vessel, improving microcirculation, lowering blood pressure, promoting cholesterol excretion and reducing blood lipid.
According to the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat, the sweet potatoes and the purple sweet potatoes in the main auxiliary materials can prevent lipid deposition of a cardiovascular system, prevent atherosclerosis, reduce subcutaneous proud flesh and avoid excessive obesity; celery has the effects of reducing blood pressure and tranquilizing and allaying excitement, and is particularly suitable for patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension; the carrot contains a large amount of vitamins and trace elements beneficial to the body, and can be used for treating arteriosclerosis and hypertension caused by high cholesterol; the cellulose contained in the shiitake mushroom can promote gastrointestinal motility, prevent constipation and reduce the absorption of cholesterol by intestinal tracts, and the shiitake mushroom also contains nucleic acid substances such as lentinacin and the like, can promote the decomposition of the cholesterol, and can reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride by eating the shiitake mushroom frequently; the cellulose contained in fructus Cucumidis Sativi can promote intestinal tract discharge of waste residue of edible product, thereby reducing cholesterol absorption.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention combines the traditional Chinese medicine components with the effects of reducing blood pressure, reducing blood fat and preventing angiosclerosis with the coarse cereals with the effects of reducing blood fat and enhancing blood vessel elasticity, not only does not influence the original taste and effect of the coarse cereals, but also has the health-care function in the traditional Chinese medicine components, meets the living requirements of the hyperlipemia population and is suitable for long-term eating.
2. The coarse cereal health-care food selects 15-20 parts of rice, 4-8 parts of oat, 4-8 parts of buckwheat, 2-4 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of black bean and 2-4 parts of pea to be compatible as the coarse cereal raw materials, has rich combined nutrition and is rich in various trace elements and essential nutrient substances of human bodies, and the compatibility of the five coarse cereals can enhance the health-care performance of the coarse cereal health-care food, so that the characteristics of enhancing the elasticity of blood vessels, reducing blood fat and promoting metabolism are improved.
3. 1-3 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 1-3 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 1-3 parts of sophora flower, 1-3 parts of ginkgo leaf and 1-3 parts of hawthorn selected by the invention have good compatibility, and are elaborately prepared through years of practical experience on the basis of the traditional proved recipe, the blood fat reducing characteristic is enhanced to a certain extent after compatibility use, and the compatible traditional Chinese medicine has the effects of reducing blood pressure, reducing blood fat, preventing angiosclerosis and comprehensively enhancing immunity, and can relieve and treat the illness state of patients with hyperlipidemia to a certain extent.
4. The traditional Chinese medicine treatment process comprises three steps: (1) soaking the Chinese medicinal materials and performing ultrasonic oscillation; (2) decocting for three times; (3) the secondary filtration can greatly extract the nutrient components in the traditional Chinese medicine through the process treatment, and can completely remove the traditional Chinese medicine residues without influencing the taste of the food. The coarse cereals and the auxiliary materials are mixed with the traditional Chinese medicine decoction and cooked at high temperature after being processed, the nutritional ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine and the nutritional ingredients of the coarse cereals can be combined through the process, the loss of the nutritional substances is reduced while the compatibility is good, and the effects of enhancing and reducing blood pressure, reducing blood fat, preventing angiosclerosis and comprehensively enhancing immunity under the synergistic effect of the traditional Chinese medicine and the coarse cereals are realized.
Fourthly, the specific implementation mode:
the invention is further illustrated below:
example 1:
the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, including coarse cereal raw materials, traditional Chinese medicine raw materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the coarse cereal raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of rice, 4 parts of oat, 4 parts of buckwheat, 2 parts of corn, 2 parts of black bean and 2 parts of pea, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of salvia miltiorrhiza, 1 part of polygonum multiflorum, 1 part of sophora flower, 1 part of ginkgo leaf and 1 part of hawthorn, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of cashew nuts, 3 parts of sweet potatoes, 3 parts of purple potatoes, 2 parts of celery, 2 parts of carrots, 2 parts of mushrooms and 2 parts of cucumbers.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking rice, corn, black beans, peas and cashews, mixing, pouring into water for cleaning, draining, pouring into a container, adding purified water which is 3cm higher than the surface of the container, soaking for 12 hours, and cleaning for later use.
And 2, putting the oat and the buckwheat into a baking machine, baking for 15min at 55 ℃, taking out, and cooling for later use.
And 3, taking the sweet potatoes and the purple sweet potatoes, cleaning, scraping the skins, and cutting into blocks of 1cm for later use.
And 4, taking celery, carrots, mushrooms and cucumbers, cleaning, and cutting into blocks of 1cm for later use.
And 5, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities, drying by air blowing at 40-55 ℃ for 3-4h, primarily crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, performing superfine crushing, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into water with the weight of 6 times, performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract, soaking at 30 ℃ and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 10 minutes in a matching manner, wherein the ultrasonic oscillation frequency is 60Khz, then decocting, stopping heating for 20 minutes at 110 ℃ for the first time, stopping heating for 20 minutes at 100 ℃ for the second time, performing 90 minutes at 80 ℃ for the third time, then filtering, taking out the filtrate, introducing the filtrate into a suction filtration device, and performing secondary filtration to obtain traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
And 6, mixing the materials prepared in the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 with the Chinese medicinal soup obtained in the step 5, putting the mixture into a pot, steaming the mixture at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain steamed coarse cereal rice, and then putting the steamed coarse cereal rice into an electric heating forced air drying oven to dry the rice until the water content is 50% for later use.
And 7, putting the prepared coarse cereal rice into a sealed lunch box-shaped container, standing for 1.5h, cooking for sterilization after the moisture in the coarse cereal rice is uniformly dispersed, and steaming for 6 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃.
And (7) putting the coarse cereal rice prepared in the step 7 into a sealed lunch box-shaped container, and standing for 1.5h until the moisture in the coarse cereal rice is uniformly dispersed, so that the steamed coarse cereal rice can not be caked, and the good flavor and taste are kept.
And in order to avoid quality changes such as scorching and yellowing of the coarse cereal rice in the cooking and sterilizing process in the step 7, the coarse cereal rice is cooked for 6-8 minutes at the temperature of 120-.
Example 2:
the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, including coarse cereal raw materials, traditional Chinese medicine raw materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the coarse cereal raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of rice, 6 parts of oat, 6 parts of buckwheat, 3 parts of corn, 3 parts of black bean and 3 parts of pea, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 2 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 2 parts of sophora flower, 2 parts of ginkgo leaf and 2 parts of hawthorn, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of cashew nuts, 4 parts of sweet potatoes, 4 parts of purple potatoes, 3 parts of celery, 3 parts of carrots, 3 parts of mushrooms and 3 parts of cucumbers.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking rice, corn, black beans, peas and cashews, mixing, pouring into water for cleaning, draining, pouring into a container, adding purified water which is 3cm higher than the surface of the container, soaking for 12 hours, and cleaning for later use.
And 2, putting the oat and the buckwheat into a baking machine, baking for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃, taking out and cooling for later use.
And 3, taking the sweet potatoes and the purple sweet potatoes, cleaning, scraping the skins, and cutting into blocks of 1.5cm for later use.
And step 4, cleaning celery, carrots, mushrooms and cucumbers, and cutting into blocks of 1.5cm for later use.
And 5, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities, drying by blowing at 50 ℃ for 4 hours, primarily crushing, sieving by a 90-mesh sieve, performing superfine crushing, sieving by a 350-mesh sieve, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into water with the weight of 6 times, and performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract to obtain the highest extraction rate, wherein the process conditions are set as the extraction temperature of 80 ℃, the ultrasonic time of 25min, the ultrasonic frequency of 60KHz and the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1: 20. Soaking at 35 ℃ and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 15 minutes at the ultrasonic oscillation frequency of 55Khz, then decocting, decocting for 25 minutes at 125 ℃ for the first time, stopping heating for 20 minutes, decocting for 65 minutes at 100 ℃ for the second time, stopping heating for 20 minutes, decocting for 95 minutes at 80 ℃ for the third time, then filtering, taking out the filtrate, introducing into a suction filtration device, and performing secondary filtration to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine decoction for later use.
And 6, mixing the materials prepared in the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 with the Chinese medicinal soup obtained in the step 5, putting the mixture into a pot, steaming the mixture at 160 ℃ for 35 minutes to obtain steamed coarse cereal rice, and then putting the steamed coarse cereal rice into an electric heating forced air drying oven to dry the rice until the water content is 50% for later use.
And 7, putting the prepared coarse cereal rice into a sealed lunch box-shaped container, standing for 1.5h, cooking for sterilization after the moisture in the coarse cereal rice is uniformly dispersed, and steaming for 7 minutes at the temperature of 130 ℃.
Example 3:
the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, including coarse cereal raw materials, traditional Chinese medicine raw materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the coarse cereal raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of rice, 8 parts of oat, 8 parts of buckwheat, 4 parts of corn, 4 parts of black bean and 4 parts of pea, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 3 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 3 parts of sophora flower, 3 parts of ginkgo leaf and 3 parts of hawthorn, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of cashew nuts, 6 parts of sweet potatoes, 6 parts of purple sweet potatoes, 4 parts of celery, 4 parts of carrots, 4 parts of mushrooms and 4 parts of cucumbers.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking rice, corn, black beans, peas and cashews, mixing, pouring into water for cleaning, draining, pouring into a container, adding purified water which is 3cm higher than the surface of the container, soaking for 12 hours, and cleaning for later use.
And 2, putting the oat and the buckwheat into a baking machine, baking for 25min at 65 ℃, taking out, and cooling for later use.
And 3, taking the sweet potatoes and the purple sweet potatoes, cleaning, scraping the skins, and cutting into 2cm blocks for later use.
And 4, taking celery, carrots, mushrooms and cucumbers, cleaning, and cutting into 2cm blocks for later use.
Step 5, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities, drying by blowing at 55 ℃ for 4 hours, primarily crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, performing superfine crushing, sieving with a 400-mesh sieve, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into water with the weight of 6 times, performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract, and performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract to obtain the highest extraction rate, wherein the extraction process is optimized through an orthogonal test, and the factor level is shown in table 1
TABLE 1 four-factor three-level
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
TABLE 2 results of orthogonal experiments
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
From the results of the orthogonality analysis of Table 2, the range RB>RC>RD>RANamely, the reaction time has the largest influence on the extraction rate in the extraction process, and then the solid-liquid ratio, the ultrasonic time, the ultrasonic frequency and the temperature are the smallest. The optimal process conditions are that the extraction temperature is 80 ℃, the ultrasonic time is 25min, the ultrasonic frequency is 60KHz, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1: 20. Decocting for 30 minutes at 140 deg.C for the first time, stopping heating for 20 minutes, decocting for 70 minutes at 100 deg.C for the second time, stopping heating for 20 minutes, decocting for 100 minutes at 80 deg.C for the third time, filtering, taking out the filtrate, introducing into a suction filtration device, and filtering for the second time to obtain Chinese medicinal decoction.
And 6, mixing the materials prepared in the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 with the Chinese medicinal soup obtained in the step 5, putting the mixture into a pot, steaming the mixture at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 40 minutes to obtain steamed coarse cereal rice, and then putting the steamed coarse cereal rice into an electric heating forced air drying box to dry the rice until the water content is 50% for later use.
And 7, putting the prepared coarse cereal rice into a sealed lunch box-shaped container, standing for 1.5h, cooking for sterilization after the moisture in the coarse cereal rice is uniformly dispersed, and steaming for 8 minutes at the temperature of 140 ℃.
Example 4:
animal experiment effect verification of the coarse cereal rice with the function of reducing blood fat.
Experimental animals: 52 male SPF Wistar rats weighing 220 +/-20.1 g
The experimental method comprises the steps of feeding 52 male SPF Wistar rats with high-fat feed (70.8% of basal feed, 2% of cholesterol, 16% of egg yolk powder and 0.2% of bile salt) for 10 days in an SPF animal laboratory to measure the initial body weight, dividing the rats into 4 groups by adopting a layering random sampling method according to TC (total cholesterol in serum), wherein each group comprises 13 rats, and properly adjusting the TG (triglyceride) and the body weight of each group to be balanced as much as possible. (blood was collected at the inner canthus of the eye to determine TC, TG and HDL-C (elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol) contents for observation of normal values). After 10 days, the control group was fed with the basic feed, and the other groups were fed with the same weight of the same amount of the basic feed according to the different embodiments of the present invention, 1 time per day, 35 days continuously, and 1 weight per week. The TC, TG and HDL-C contents of serum are measured by blood collection from the 15 th and 36 th days of the experiment, and rats in each group before blood collection are fasted for 16 h.
TABLE 3 weight changes of rats before and after the experiment
Group of embodiments Initial body weight (g) Terminal body weight (g) Weight loss (g)
Example 1 286.51±25.2 237.31±21.3 63.74±11.5
Example 2 293.52±24.2 256.71±23.8 77.87±21.6
Example 3 297.34±26.1 223.49±22.2 64.53±22.8
Control group 228.47±27.2 279.87±13.9 19.78±4.1
As can be seen from Table 3, all the examples of the present invention have the effect of controlling the body weight of rats
TABLE 4 TC, TG and HDL-C content before rat experiment
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
TABLE 5 TC, TG and HDL-C content in experimental rats 15d
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
TABLE 6 TC, TG and HDL-C content in experimental rats 35d
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
The comparison of tables 4, 5 and 6 shows that the TC content of the three example groups is lower than that of the high-fat control group, and the differences are significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01), which indicates that the invention has the effect of reducing serum total cholesterol; the content of TG in serum of rats in each example group is consistent when the experiment is started, the content of TG in a control group is lower than that in each example group from the 15 th day to the 36 th day of the experiment, and the difference is significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01), the content of TG in each example group is lower than that in the control group from the 36 th day, and the difference is significant (P <0.01), which shows that the invention has the effect of reducing triglyceride in serum of rats, and has a certain effect of increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum of rats.
Typical experimental examples:
populus littoralis, male, 33 years old, weighing 97 kg, is represented by: dark and pale purple tongue, abdominal distension after eating, edema of both lower limbs, poor sleep and slight atherosclerosis. The blood lipid index is as follows: total Cholesterol (TC) 6.1mmol/L, Triglyceride (TG) 2.92mmol/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): 3.42mmol/L, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C): 4.22mmol/L, and is diagnosed as the symptom of hyperlipemia.
After receiving the experiment of the volunteer, 150 g of the product is taken as staple food by the patient for lunch and dinner every day, the amount of the pork and mutton taken by the patient is reduced by 1 to 2 times every day, and the amount of the vegetable oil for frying is reduced by 10 to 20 g every day, after 45 days, the patient has obviously improved self-complaints of physical conditions, the body is relaxed more than before, and edema and poor sleep of the lower limbs are obviously improved. The blood lipid index is as follows: total Cholesterol (TC) 4.7mmol/L, Triglyceride (TG) 0.91mmol/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): 1.21mmol/L, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C): 2.55mmol/L, has fallen to the normal reference range and lost 10 kg of body weight.
In conclusion, the coarse cereal rice provided by the invention is prepared by adding the traditional Chinese medicines to coarse cereals with the effect of preventing and treating hyperlipidemia, improves the effect of preventing and treating hyperlipidemia on the basis of balanced nutrition, and is suitable for being eaten by hyperlipidemia people for a long time.
It should be understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this disclosure.

Claims (4)

1. A coarse cereal rice with the efficacy of reducing blood fat is characterized in that: the coarse cereal rice with the blood fat reducing effect is prepared from 15-20 parts by weight of rice, 4-8 parts by weight of oat, 4-8 parts by weight of buckwheat, 2-4 parts by weight of corn, 2-4 parts by weight of black bean and 2-4 parts by weight of pea; the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: 1-3 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 1-3 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 1-3 parts of sophora flower, 1-3 parts of ginkgo leaves and 1-3 parts of hawthorn; the auxiliary materials comprise: 2-5 parts of cashew nuts, 3-6 parts of sweet potatoes, 3-6 parts of purple potatoes, 2-4 parts of celery, 2-4 parts of carrots, 2-4 parts of mushrooms and 2-4 parts of cucumbers; according to the proportion, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities by 40-55 ℃, drying by air blowing for 3-4 hours, primarily crushing, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve, then carrying out superfine crushing, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve and 400-mesh sieve, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into 6 times of water, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract, soaking at 30-40 ℃ and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-20 minutes, then carrying out decoction for three times, and filtering to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
2. The coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the coarse cereal raw materials comprise: 18 parts of rice, 6 parts of oat, 6 parts of buckwheat, 3 parts of corn, 3 parts of black bean and 3 parts of pea, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials: 2 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 2 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 2 parts of sophora flower, 2 parts of ginkgo leaf and 2 parts of hawthorn, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise: 3 parts of cashew nuts, 4 parts of sweet potatoes, 4 parts of purple potatoes, 3 parts of celery, 3 parts of carrots, 3 parts of mushrooms and 3 parts of cucumbers.
3. The preparation method of the coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, taking rice, corn, black beans, peas and cashews, mixing, pouring into water for cleaning, draining, pouring into a container, adding purified water which is 3cm higher than the surface of the container, soaking for 12 hours, and cleaning;
step 2, putting the oat and the buckwheat into a baking machine, baking for 15-25min at 55-65 ℃, taking out and cooling;
step 3, cleaning the sweet potatoes and the purple sweet potatoes, scraping the skins, and cutting into blocks of 1-2 cm;
step 4, cleaning celery, carrots, mushrooms and cucumbers, and cutting into blocks of 1-2 cm;
step 5, cleaning hawthorn, salvia miltiorrhiza, polygonum multiflorum, sophora japonica and ginkgo leaf, removing impurities, drying for 3-4 hours at 40-55 ℃ by air blast, primarily crushing and sieving with a sieve of 80-100 meshes, then carrying out superfine crushing and sieving with a sieve of 300-400 meshes, putting the obtained traditional Chinese medicine mixed powder into water with the weight of 6 times, then, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine extract, soaking at 30-40 ℃, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-25 minutes in a matching manner, wherein the ultrasonic oscillation frequency range is 50-60Khz, then carrying out decoction, wherein the first decoction is carried out for 20-30 minutes at 140 ℃, the fire is stopped for 20 minutes, the second decoction is carried out for 60-70 minutes at 100 ℃, the fire is stopped for 20 minutes, the third decoction is carried out for 90-100 minutes at 80 ℃, then filtering is carried out, and the filtrate is taken out and introduced into a suction filtration device for secondary filtration to obtain traditional Chinese medicine decoction;
step 6, mixing the materials prepared in the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 with the traditional Chinese medicine soup, putting the mixture into a pot, steaming the mixture for 30 to 40 minutes at the temperature of 130-;
and 7, putting the coarse cereal rice dried in the step 6 into a sealed lunch box-shaped container, standing for 1.5h, performing cooking sterilization when the moisture in the coarse cereal rice is uniformly dispersed, and steaming for 6-8 minutes at the temperature of 120-.
4. The method for preparing coarse cereal rice with the effect of reducing blood fat according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the traditional Chinese medicine extract is extracted under the assistance of ultrasonic waves in the step 5, the process conditions are set as that the extraction temperature is 80 ℃, the ultrasonic time is 25min, the ultrasonic frequency is 60KHz, and the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 20.
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