CN111108880A - Formula of polygala tenuifolia dressing fertilizer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Formula of polygala tenuifolia dressing fertilizer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111108880A CN111108880A CN202010091976.XA CN202010091976A CN111108880A CN 111108880 A CN111108880 A CN 111108880A CN 202010091976 A CN202010091976 A CN 202010091976A CN 111108880 A CN111108880 A CN 111108880A
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- top dressing
- polygala
- polygala tenuifolia
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- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a formula of a top dressing fertilizer for cultivating polygala tenuifolia, wherein the effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio in the top dressing fertilizer is 5: 2: 3, the application method of top dressing for cultivating polygala tenuifolia is to top dress 20kg per mu once within 5 days after the polygala tenuifolia turns green. By adopting the formula of the top dressing fertilizer and the application method thereof, the total amount of top dressing is relatively reduced, and the yield of polygala tenuifolia, the total phenol content and the saponin content are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polygala tenuifolia cultivation, in particular to a formula and an application method for improving fertilizer application in polygala tenuifolia cultivation of Shanxi dao medicine.
Background
Polygala tenuifolia is a traditional Chinese medicine and listed as the superior product in Shen nong's herbal Jing. Polygala tenuifolia Willd be collected in the first edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2005 is Polygala tenuifolia WilldPolygala tenuifoliaWilld, and polygala tenuifoliaPolygala sibiricaL. dry root, mainly produced in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and inner Mongolia places, has the effects of benefiting intelligence, soothing nerves, eliminating phlegm and reducing swelling, and is commonly used for treating insomnia and dreaminess, amnesia, palpitation, absentmindedness in mind, cough with phlegm, sore and ulcer, swelling and pain in breast, and the like caused by imbalance between heart and kidney. Polygala tenuifolia Willd chemical components are complex, mainly including saponins, Ketones and sugar esters. Recent researches show that the saponin compounds are main drug effect substances of polygala tenuifolia for tranquilizing and allaying excitement, eliminating phlegm and relieving cough; the ketone compounds have analgesic, antibacterial, antitumor, and antiviral effects; the sugar ester compounds show obvious biological activity in the aspects of dementia resistance, brain protection and depression resistance. The three types of drug effect components are also secondary metabolites of polygala tenuifolia, and theoretical guidance and practical basis are provided for improving the yield and quality of polygala tenuifolia in production by researching the influence of different application amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and the active ingredients of polygala tenuifolia.
Along with increasingly deeper research on polygala tenuifolia chemical pharmacology, the demand of polygala tenuifolia is rapidly increased, so that wild resources are excessively mined and even in endangered states in some areas, the requirements of medicinal material production cannot be met by mining the wild resources, and large-area artificial cultivation is started in various areas. However, due to the short artificial cultivation time, the fertilization technology still has great blindness, and unreasonable fertilizer application becomes an important reason for influencing the yield and quality of polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials. Improving the yield and quality of artificially cultivated polygala tenuifolia through reasonable fertilization becomes one of the important tasks of polygala tenuifolia research. At present, the fertilizer used for artificially planting polygala tenuifolia has the problems of large fertilizer usage amount, high cost, low content of effective components, poor medicinal quality, large land loss, easy hardening and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a polygala tenuifolia cultivation dressing fertilizer formula and an application method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The formula of the polygala tenuifolia cultivation topdressing fertilizer comprises the following components: the effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio in the additional fertilizer is 5: 2: 3.
the application method of the polygala tenuifolia cultivation of the invention comprises the following steps: 20kg of additional fertilizer is applied to each mu once within 5 days after the polygala is turned green.
Comparative test of the present invention with the prior art
1. Test method
In 2018, the test is carried out in the medicinal material base of Jinyao group in Pingyao county, Shanxi province, the area belongs to temperate continental monsoon climate, the altitude is 768m, the annual average temperature is 10.6 ℃, the 1 month average temperature is-5 ℃, the 7 month average temperature is 24 ℃, the maximum temperature is 41 ℃, the minimum temperature is-20 ℃, generally in 10-month middle ten days, the daily minimum temperature is reduced to 0 ℃ or below, and the 4-month middle ten days are increased to more than 0 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 415mm, the average first frost period starts in the first 10 th of month, the final frost period is in the middle 4 th of month, and the frost-free period of the whole year is about 180 days. The soil to be tested is sandy loam, and the basic physicochemical properties of a 0-30 cm soil layer are as follows: the pH value is 8.74, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 28.23mg/kg, the available phosphorus is 12.62mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium is 90.1mg/kg, and the organic matter is 12.74 g/kg. The materials used in the test are 2-year-old polygala tenuifolia, the planting row spacing is 45cm, the plant spacing is 3cm, the area of a test cell is defined to be 1 mu, the test cell is repeated for three times, the random block design is carried out, and the indexes are measured by sampling at the end of nine months in the year.
Three fertilizer treatments were set: (1) no additional fertilizer is applied; (2) the traditional top dressing formula (the effective nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is 1: 1: 1) is 25 kg/mu, and (3) the top dressing formula (the effective nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is 5: 2: 3) of the invention is 20 kg/mu, and 20kg of top dressing is carried out once per mu on the 3 rd day after the polygala is turned green.
And inspecting the yield per unit area, the total phenol content and the saponin content.
Urea (containing 46% of N) for nitrogenous fertilizer and calcium superphosphate (containing P) for phosphate fertilizer in the test fertilizer2O514-20 percent) and potassium sulfate (containing K) for potash fertilizer2O50-54%) according to the requirement.
2. Test results
The test results are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from the table 1, tests show that the yield and the contents of two effective components of the three treatments are obviously different, wherein the polygala root yield, the total phenol content and the saponin content of the top dressing formula are obviously higher than those of the traditional top dressing formula (p is less than 0.05) and are extremely obviously higher than those of the non-fertilization treatment (p is less than 0.01); the polygala root yield, the total phenol content and the saponin content of the traditional top dressing formula are all remarkably higher than those of non-fertilization treatment (p is less than 0.01).
The method has guiding significance to the production: compared with the traditional top dressing formula, the top dressing formula of the invention improves the polygala root yield by 6.9%, the polygala root total phenol content by 47.6%, and the polygala root saponin content by 16.39% on the basis that the total top dressing amount is less than 20%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: when the polygala root is subjected to top dressing, the total top dressing amount is relatively reduced by 20%, the polygala root yield, the total phenol content and the saponin content are respectively improved by 6.9%, 46.3% and 16.63%, and the method has obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Example 1
In 2019, a 100-mu top dressing demonstration of 3-year-old polygala tenuifolia cultivation is carried out in Pingyao county Jinyao group medicinal material base of Shanxi province, wherein the effective nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio in the top dressing is 5: 2: 3, applying 20kg of additional fertilizer per mu at one time on the 3 rd day after the polygala is turned green; the contrast is 10 mu of traditional top dressing formula, and 25kg of top dressing is applied to each mu at one time on the 3 rd day after the polygala tenuifolia turns green. At the end of nine months in the year, sampling, measuring, investigating and investigating the yield, total phenol content and saponin content in unit area. The results are shown in Table 2.
As shown in Table 2, tests show that the polygala root yield, the total phenol content and the saponin content of the top dressing formula are all significantly higher than those of the traditional top dressing formula (p is less than 0.05). Compared with the traditional top dressing formula, the top dressing formula of the invention improves the polygala root yield by 6.49%, the polygala root total phenol content by 24.32%, and the polygala root saponin content by 11.76% on the basis that the total top dressing amount is less than 20%, and obviously improves the yield and quality of polygala root.
Example 2
In 2019, a top dressing demonstration of polygala tenuifolia cultivation is carried out in an Anzilian village Chinese herbal medicine planting base in Jingle county of Shanxi province, the area is in loess plateau of the northwest of Shanxi province, the average altitude is more than 2000m, the area belongs to temperate continental climate, the annual average temperature is 7 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 380-500 mm, and the frost-free period is 120-135 d. The soil organic matter of the test field is 4.57g/kg, the pH value is 8.88, the total nitrogen is 0.42g/kg, the total phosphorus is 0.47g/kg, the total potassium is 21.81g/kg, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 27.63mg/kg, the available phosphorus is 7.21mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 81.24 mg/kg.
For the 30-mu topdressing demonstration of 3-year-old polygala tenuifolia cultivation in the base, the effective nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio in the topdressing is 5: 2: 3, applying 20kg of additional fertilizer per mu at one time on the 3 rd day after the polygala is turned green; the contrast is 5 mu of traditional top dressing formula, and 25kg of top dressing is applied to each mu at one time on the 3 rd day after the polygala tenuifolia turns green. At the end of nine months in the year, sampling, measuring, investigating and investigating the yield, total phenol content and saponin content in unit area. The results are shown in Table 3.
As shown in Table 3, tests show that the polygala root yield, the total phenol content and the saponin content of the top dressing formula are all significantly higher than those of the traditional top dressing formula (p is less than 0.05). Compared with the traditional top dressing formula, the top dressing formula of the invention improves the polygala root yield by 6.74%, the polygala root total phenol content by 28.13%, the polygala root saponin content by 12.86% and obviously improves the polygala root yield and quality on the basis that the total top dressing amount is less than 20%.
Claims (2)
1. The formula of the top dressing fertilizer for cultivating polygala tenuifolia is characterized in that: the effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium proportion in the fertilizer formula is 5: 2: 3.
2. the method of applying the cultured polygala tenuifolia according to claim 1 comprises: 20kg of additional fertilizer is applied to each mu once within 5 days after the polygala is turned green.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047807A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for milkwort |
| CN103563613A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-02-12 | 王运海 | Planting method of polygala tenuifolia |
| CN105493852A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-04-20 | 界首市众鑫科技服务有限公司 | Polygala tenuifolia planting method |
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- 2020-02-14 CN CN202010091976.XA patent/CN111108880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047807A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for milkwort |
| CN103563613A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-02-12 | 王运海 | Planting method of polygala tenuifolia |
| CN105493852A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-04-20 | 界首市众鑫科技服务有限公司 | Polygala tenuifolia planting method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 唐姗等: "无土栽培条件下远志最佳施肥方案", 《吉林农业大学学报》 * |
| 张洁等: "远志养分吸收规律及其与药效成分积累的关系", 《植物营养与肥料学报》 * |
| 李占林等: "远志对氮磷钾需求特性的研究", 《中国农学通报》 * |
| 高星等: "蒙古黄芪对Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ的肥效响应", 《西北农业学报》 * |
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