CN111101481A - Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building - Google Patents
Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building Download PDFInfo
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- CN111101481A CN111101481A CN201910337669.2A CN201910337669A CN111101481A CN 111101481 A CN111101481 A CN 111101481A CN 201910337669 A CN201910337669 A CN 201910337669A CN 111101481 A CN111101481 A CN 111101481A
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 261
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011474 engineering brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a tenon-and-mortise brick for buildings, which is a brick with a double tenon-and-mortise occlusion structure, and is mainly used for building places such as water bank embankments, mountain slopes and the like which need higher overall mechanical strength and good water permeability. The tenon-and-mortise brick for the building comprises a brick body and is characterized in that the brick body is a cuboid, each brick body is provided with at least two side-by-side tenon-and-mortise pieces, and each tenon-and-mortise piece comprises a mortise concave at the upper end, a tenon convex at the lower end and a columnar mortise hole extending from the mortise concave to the tenon convex; the mortise is arranged into an inverted truncated cone-shaped concave part and is formed by downwards sinking from the upper surface of the brick body, and the lower end surface of the mortise is provided with a mortise through hole; the tenon is arranged as an inverted truncated cone-shaped protruding part and is formed by protruding downwards from the lower surface of the brick body, and a tenon through hole is formed in the lower end surface of the tenon; the mortise through hole and the tenon through hole are communicated with each other through the mortise, and the mortise penetrates through the brick body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a brick for buildings, and particularly relates to a mortise and tenon brick for buildings, which is a brick with a double mortise and tenon engagement structure, and is mainly used for building places such as water bank dikes, mountain slopes and the like which need higher overall mechanical strength and good water permeability requirements.
Background
The brick is an artificial small block material for building, and is commonly called as a brick head or a brick block. The bricks can be classified into wall-building bricks, arch shell bricks, floor bricks, sewer bricks, chimney bricks and the like according to different places of use in construction engineering. The brick can be divided into bearing bricks, non-bearing bricks, engineering bricks, heat-insulating bricks, sound-absorbing bricks, facing bricks, pattern plate bricks, water-permeable bricks and the like according to different building performances. But the brick specially used for places such as water bank, mountain slope and the like does not have the requirements of higher overall mechanical strength and good water permeability at present.
Square and long bricks are created in spring, autumn and warring countries in China, and the technology, production scale, quality and fancy varieties of brick making in Qin and Han seasons are remarkably developed and are commonly called 'Qin brick Han tiles'. Due to the thought inertia in the technology inheritance, the geometric shape of the brick is still a cuboid at present, but the length, width and height dimension proportion is different according to different practical application purposes. The geometrical shape is cuboid bricks, the appearance is regular and uniform, the production, the transportation and the masonry are convenient, but because the mutual occlusion force is lacked between the adjacent bricks, the integral mechanical strength after the masonry is not high, and the adjacent bricks are bonded into a whole by using the adhesive such as cement mortar. After the adhesive is added to the gaps between the adjacent bricks, on one hand, the overall water permeability is affected, and on the other hand, the overall elasticity and deformability are affected, so that fracture zones are easily generated at relatively weak positions. Therefore, the brick having a rectangular parallelepiped geometric shape is not suitable for building of a bank, a mountain slope, or the like where high mechanical strength and good water permeability are required.
The tenon-and-mortise structure is an extremely exquisite invention in ancient Chinese buildings and furniture, all components are mutually connected by the tenon-and-mortise structure to form an elastic frame, and the connection mode of the components ensures that the traditional Chinese wood structure not only can bear larger load, but also allows certain deformation. The method is characterized in that: the adjacent components are connected through a mortise and tenon structure to form a stable whole; stress can be released among all the components through the tiny gaps of the mortise and tenon joints without being disassembled; the components made of the same material have the same hardness, so that the components are not easy to wear due to mutual friction; the tenon and the mortise are connected without nails or adhesives, and can be reassembled after being disassembled without generating excessive construction waste. The wood has low density and good toughness, and the brick material has high density and is brittle. Due to the difference of materials, the design of the wood structure mortise and tenon component is not completely suitable for the component of the brick structure.
Conventional blocks require manual handling and masonry, and are limited in size and weight by the size and strength of the workers. The mechanical replacement of manual work is the current development trend, and the size and the strength of the mechanical arm are not limited by the human body structure, so that the mechanical arm is suitable for mechanically carrying the masonry bricks, and the size and the weight of the mechanical arm are not limited by the human body structure. In addition, the mechanical masonry brick should fully consider the problems of accurate positioning of machine identification and operation of mechanical hands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at the defects that the brick blocks used in the places such as the water bank embankment, the mountain slope and the like do not have higher overall mechanical strength and good water permeability at present, the invention provides the tenon-and-mortise brick for the building, the geometric appearance of the brick blocks is changed, the tenon-and-mortise structure is added on the basis of the traditional brick blocks, the overall mechanical strength is improved by the mutual occlusion of the tenon-and-mortise structures between the adjacent brick blocks after the building, the overall water permeability is ensured without adding adhesives in the gaps between the adjacent brick blocks, and the tenon-and-mortise brick is suitable for machine identification accurate positioning and manipulator carrying building.
The technical problem of the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a building tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick, includes the brick body, its characterized in that, the brick body sets up to the cuboid, and each brick body is provided with two at least tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches pieces side by side, and each tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches piece is including the concave fourth of twelve earthly branches that lie in the upper end, lie in the tenon of lower extreme protruding, follow the concave cylindrical mortise hole that extends to the tenon protruding in fourth of twelve earthly branches.
The mortise is a concave part in an inverted truncated cone shape and is formed by downwards recessing from the upper surface of the brick body, and the lower end surface of the mortise (the upper bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone) is provided with a mortise through hole; the tenon projection is arranged as an inverted truncated cone-shaped projection part and is formed by downwardly projecting from the lower surface of the brick body, and a tenon projection through hole is formed in the lower end surface of the tenon projection (the lower bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone); the mortise through hole and the tenon through hole are communicated with each other through the mortise, and the mortise penetrates through the brick body.
Preferably, the inclined conical surface of the mortise and tenon has an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the upper surface of the brick body.
Preferably, the distance between the centers of the two mortise and tenon components is equal to the width of the brick body plus the width of a gap between the brick bodies; the length of the brick body is equal to the width of the brick body multiplied by 2 plus the width of the gap between the brick bodies.
The length, width and height size relations of the mortise and tenon bricks are as follows:
the length of the brick is 2 multiplied by the width of the brick and the width of the reserved seam;
the brick height size ranges from (1/4) multiplied by brick width to (1/2) multiplied by brick width, and a plurality of different heights can be selected according to specific conditions;
the size of the width of the reserved seam can be different values, such as the range of 2-20mm, according to the brick material, the length size of the brick, the coefficient of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the processing precision, the requirement of the seam on water permeability and the like;
the length, width and height of the standard red brick are used as references, the brick length is 240mm, the brick width is 115mm, the width of the reserved seam is 10mm, and the brick height is 30-60 mm.
The relation between the sizes such as the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the mortise, the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the tenon, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the tenon, the height of the mortise and the like and the size of the brick width is as follows:
the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the mortise and tenon is (1/2) multiplied by the width of the brick;
the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise and tenon is (1/3) multiplied by the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the mortise and tenon is (1/6) multiplied by the width of the brick;
the height of the mortise is equal to the height of the tenon protrusion, and the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise is equal to (1/6) multiplied by the width of the brick;
the diameter of the mortise hole is equal to the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise concave and the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the tenon convex is equal to (1/6) multiplied by the width of the brick.
Preferably, the mortise is internally provided with a tenon rod, and the tenon rod comprises a first tenon rod with the length being half of the height of the brick body and a second tenon rod with the length equal to the height of the brick body. When the tenon-and-mortise bricks are laid and stacked, the first tenon rod and the second tenon rod are generally overlapped up and down for use. The tenon rod is cylindrical, and the diameter of the tenon rod is less than or equal to the diameter of the mortise hole, so that the tenon rod can be inserted into the mortise hole and is not easy to shake. The material of tenon stick compares the material of brick body, and the hardness is littleer, and it has certain toughness.
The tenon-and-mortise bricks are prefabricated solid tenon-and-mortise bricks, can be made of common brick materials in advance according to the structure of the tenon-and-mortise bricks. When the tenon-and-mortise bricks are laid and stacked, the tenon protrusion protruding downwards of the upper layer brick is just embedded into the mortise protrusion recessed downwards of the lower layer brick, and then the tenon protrusion and the mortise protrusion in the shape of an inverted cone frustum are mutually occluded between the upper layer brick and the lower layer brick. Furthermore, the tenon rod is vertically inserted into the mortise of the tenon-and-mortise piece from top to bottom, the upper layer of brick and the lower layer of brick are connected into a whole, and the dislocation caused by vibration is not easy to occur; the tenon-and-mortise bricks are laid according to the method, and the upper, lower, left and right adjacent bricks can be connected into an integral structure without using an adhesive.
Preferably, the interior of the brick body is a cavity, and the brick body is formed by splicing an upper cover of the brick body positioned above, a lower box of the brick body positioned below and double-mortise joints between the upper cover of the brick body and the lower box of the brick body.
Preferably, the double-mortise joint comprises two single-mortise pieces which are arranged side by side and a connecting plate connected between the two single-mortise pieces; the single-mortise piece is formed by connecting a single-mortise concave positioned above and a single-mortise column positioned below; the single-mortise concave part is arranged to be an inverted cone frustum-shaped concave part, the lower end face of the single-mortise concave part is provided with a through hole, the inside of the single-mortise column is provided with a vertically through column hole, and the upper end of the single-mortise column is communicated with the lower end face of the single-mortise concave part.
Preferably, the brick body upper cover is provided with two through holes, and the two single-mortise concave parts forming the double-mortise connection are respectively connected with the two through holes.
Preferably, the lower box of the brick body is formed by connecting a lower box bottom plate and lower box side plates on the periphery; the lower box bottom plate is provided with two single tenon protrusions, each single tenon protrusion is provided with an inverted truncated cone-shaped protrusion, the lower end face of each single tenon protrusion is provided with a through hole, the lower end of the single mortise column forming the double-mortise connection is connected to the through hole, and the lower end of the single mortise column is communicated with the lower end face of the single tenon protrusion; the through hole of the upper cover of the brick body, the single-mortise part in the double-mortise connection and the single tenon on the bottom plate of the lower box together form the tenon-mortise part.
Preferably, a circle of shaft sleeve is arranged at the through hole of the single tenon, and the lower end of the single mortise is connected with the shaft sleeve, or a circle of positioning sleeve extending downwards is arranged at the through hole of the upper cover of the brick body, and the single mortise is connected in the positioning sleeve; the upper edge of the connecting plate in the middle of the double-mortise connection can be abutted against the upper cover of the brick body, and the lower edge of the connecting plate can be abutted against the lower box bottom plate.
Preferably, the edge of the periphery of the upper cover of the brick body is provided with a vertical downward extending folded edge, the inner side surface of the folded edge is provided with a concave or convex clamping piece, meanwhile, the outer side surface of the lower box side plate, which is close to the upper edge, is provided with a convex or concave clamping piece, and then the upper cover of the brick body and the lower box side plate are connected in a detachable clamping manner.
The tenon-and-mortise bricks are filling box type tenon-and-mortise bricks which are made of local materials. And (3) adopting a light waterproof material, and pre-manufacturing the upper cover of the brick body, the lower box of the brick body and double-mortise connection according to the tenon-and-mortise brick structure. When the building is laid on site, local materials can be used, materials such as sand, gravel, soil, salt and the like in a building site are filled into the filled box type mortise and tenon bricks to obtain the mortise and tenon bricks with the same appearance, and the overall appearance of the filled box type mortise and tenon bricks is consistent with that of the prefabricated solid materials. When the tenon-and-mortise bricks are laid and stacked, the tenon protrusion protruding downwards of the upper layer brick is just embedded into the mortise protrusion recessed downwards of the lower layer brick, and the tenon protrusion and the mortise protrusion structure in the shape of an inverted round platform are mutually occluded between the upper layer brick and the lower layer brick. Furthermore, the tenon rod is vertically inserted into the mortise of the tenon-and-mortise piece from top to bottom, the upper layer of brick and the lower layer of brick are connected into a whole, and the dislocation caused by vibration is not easy to occur; the tenon-and-mortise bricks are laid according to the method, and the upper, lower, left and right adjacent bricks can be connected into an integral structure without using an adhesive.
Brick and wood have different properties: the brick material is brittle and the wood is ductile; the brick material has high density and the wood has low density. If the tenon-and-mortise structure between the bricks adopts the front and back equal-width tenon and mortise like wood components, even if the tenon-and-mortise structure is installed into a whole, the tenon is very easy to break when the tenon-and-mortise structure is acted by external force. If the bricks are connected by adopting the tenon-and-mortise structure in the horizontal direction, the tenon is easy to break by the self weight of the bricks, so that the tenon-and-mortise connection part is disassembled. The structure that two bowls (brittle materials) stacked up and down can reach the most stable can be inspired by gravity, the tenon-and-mortise structure is designed into an inverted truncated cone shape and stacked up and down, the tenon-and-mortise at the bottom of the upper layer brick is just placed in the mortise-and-mortise at the top of the lower layer brick, and the stable tenon-and-mortise structure can be formed under the gravity action of the upper layer brick. The only way to break and disassemble the integral structure of the tenon-and-mortise connected bricks is to overcome the gravity to lift the bricks on the upper layer upwards.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, inverted truncated cone-shaped (funnel-shaped) mortise and tenon protrusions are arranged on the upper surface of the brick body, inverted truncated cone-shaped tenon protrusions are arranged on the lower bottom surface of the brick body, the tenon protrusions on the lower bottom surface of the upper layer brick are just embedded in the mortise and tenon protrusions on the upper surface of the lower layer brick, and a relatively stable mortise and tenon clamping structure is formed between the tenon protrusions and the mortise protrusions through the self gravity of the upper layer brick, so that the most stable position can be automatically reached like two bowls which are stacked up and down, and the problem of the mortise and tenon structure between brittle materials is solved; according to the invention, each brick is provided with at least two mortise and tenon components, the adjacent bricks are connected in a staggered manner from top to bottom, the adjacent bricks are connected into a whole, and the tenon rods with different lengths are inserted into the mortise of the built multilayer mortise and tenon bricks from top to bottom, so that higher overall mechanical strength is further achieved; according to the invention, no adhesive is needed between the adjacent bricks, so that the building material is saved, the construction time is saved, and the building cost is reduced; according to the invention, gaps are reserved between adjacent bricks, so that when a water bank and a mountain slope are built, the falling of retaining stones is effectively prevented, and free diffusion channels of water are reserved, so that the bank and the slope are more coordinated with the surrounding natural water and soil environment; according to the invention, as long as the tenon rod is taken out and the tenon-and-mortise bricks are vertically lifted upwards, the integral structure of the tenon-and-mortise brick structure can be broken and dismantled, the broken and dismantled tenon-and-mortise bricks can be continuously used, and no construction waste is generated; according to the invention, the mortise and the mortise on each mortise and tenon brick can be used as positioning points of artificial intelligent equipment and acting points of a manipulator for grabbing the brick, so that the mechanical-type mortise and tenon brick is suitable for mechanical laying and building, and the working efficiency is improved; in the invention, besides standard double-hole standard bricks, single-hole small square bricks, three-hole rectangular bricks, four-hole large square bricks and the like are also arranged, and besides standard height bricks, bricks with different heights from 0.5 times to 1.5 times are also arranged, so that corner defects and slopes generated by cross stacking of non-flat section standard bricks are compensated, and the integrity of a mortise and tenon brick structure is more perfect; the invention can be used for preparing the filled tenon-and-mortise bricks through the components of the upper cover of the brick body, the lower box of the brick body, the double-mortise connection and the like besides the solid material bricks by using local materials, thereby reducing the transportation cost and the construction material cost and adapting to the actual conditions of the water bank and the mountain bank protection in different regions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a masonry structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the laying and laying method of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a brick body; 11. a first tenon rod; 12. a second tenon rod; 2. a mortise and tenon component; 21. mortise and tenon; 22. tenon projection; 23. mortise and hole drilling; 24. a concave through hole of the mortise; 25. the tenon convex through hole; 3. covering the brick body; 4. a brick body lower cover; 41. a single tenon is protruded; 42. a shaft sleeve; 43. a positioning sleeve; 5. double-mortise connection; 51. a single-mortise part; 52. a yoke plate; 53. single mortise and concave; 54. single-mortise column; .
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, a building mortise and tenon brick, including the brick body 1 and tenon stick, the brick body sets up to the cuboid, and each brick body is provided with two mortise and tenon spare 2 side by side, and each mortise and tenon spare 2 comprises mortise 21 that is located the upper end, mortise 23 that is located the centre, tenon convex 22 that is located the lower extreme, and mortise 23 is the cylinder hole, and extends to tenon convex 22 from mortise 21 and tenon convex 22 and makes both communicate.
The mortise 21 is an inverted conical sunken part and is funnel-shaped, and is formed by downwards sunken from the upper surface of the brick body 1, and the lower end of the mortise 21 is provided with a mortise through hole 24; the tenon 22 is an inverted conical convex part and is funnel-shaped, and is formed by protruding downwards from the lower surface of the brick body 1, and the lower end of the tenon 22 is provided with a tenon through hole 25; the mortise through hole 24 and the tenon through hole 25 are communicated through the mortise hole 23, namely, the mortise hole 23 penetrates through the brick body 1.
The included angle between the inclined conical surface of the mortise 21 and the upper surface of the brick body 1 is determined according to the numerical values of the diameter of the upper bottom surface, the diameter of the lower bottom surface, the height and the like of the inverted cone frustum, and generally can be set to be about 30 degrees, or about 45 degrees, or about 60 degrees.
The length, width and height size relations of the mortise and tenon bricks are as follows:
the length of the brick is 2 multiplied by the width of the brick and the width of the reserved seam;
the brick height size ranges from (1/4) multiplied by brick width to (1/2) multiplied by brick width, and a plurality of different heights can be selected according to specific conditions;
the size of the width of the reserved seam can be different values, such as the range of 2-20mm, according to the brick material, the length size of the brick, the coefficient of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the processing precision, the requirement of the seam on water permeability and the like;
the length, width and height of the standard red brick are used as references, the brick length is 240mm, the brick width is 115mm, the width of the reserved seam is 10mm, and the brick height is 30-60 mm.
The relation between the sizes such as the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the mortise, the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the tenon, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the tenon, the height of the mortise and the like and the size of the brick width is as follows:
the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the mortise and tenon is (1/2) multiplied by the width of the brick;
the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise and tenon is (1/3) multiplied by the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the mortise and tenon is (1/6) multiplied by the width of the brick;
the height of the mortise is equal to the height of the tenon protrusion, and the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise is equal to (1/6) multiplied by the width of the brick;
the diameter of the mortise hole is equal to the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the mortise concave and the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the tenon convex is equal to (1/6) multiplied by the width of the brick.
And a tenon rod is inserted into the mortise 23, the diameter of the tenon rod is less than or equal to that of the mortise, and the tenon rod comprises a first tenon rod 11 with the length being half of the height of the brick body 1 and a second tenon rod 12 with the length being equal to the height of the brick body. When laying and building, in order to ensure that the upper half part and the lower half part of the second tenon rod 12 are respectively positioned in the upper layer brick body and the lower layer brick body, the first tenon rod 11 and the second tenon rod must be matched for use, and in the mortise holes 23 which are vertically aligned, the first tenon rod 11 and the second tenon rod 12 are usually vertically overlapped at intervals.
As shown in figure 8, the bricks are laid in a manner that the upper bricks and the lower bricks are staggered horizontally and longitudinally, the bricks on the same floor are led to be staggered, and the mortises of the upper bricks and the lower bricks are connected and limited through the insertion of the tenon rods after being aligned in the vertical direction.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, the interior of the brick body 1 is a cavity, and the brick body 1 is formed by splicing an upper brick body cover 3 positioned above, a lower brick body box 4 positioned below and a double-mortise connection 5 positioned between the upper brick body cover 3 and the lower brick body box 4.
The double-mortise connection 5 is composed of two single-mortise parts 51 and a connecting plate 52 which are arranged side by side, and the connecting plate 52 is connected between the two single-mortise parts 51; the single-mortise piece 51 is formed by connecting a single-mortise concave 53 positioned at the upper part and a single-mortise column 54 positioned at the lower part; specifically, the single-mortise concave 53 is an inverted truncated cone-shaped concave part, a through hole is formed in the lower end face of the single-mortise concave 53, the single-mortise column 54 is cylindrical and is internally provided with a vertically through cylindrical hole, the upper end of the single-mortise column 54 is communicated with the lower end face of the single-mortise concave 53, and the single-mortise concave 53 is communicated with the single-mortise column 54.
The brick body upper cover 3 has two through-holes, and two single-mortise recesses 53 that constitute two-mortise link 5 are connected respectively in two through-holes, and the size of through-hole is the same with the upper end circumference size of single-mortise recess 53, and after the assembly, the edge of the upper end circumference of single-mortise recess 53 is contradicted each other with the edge of through-hole.
The lower brick body box 4 is formed by connecting a lower box bottom plate and lower box side plates on the periphery; the lower box bottom plate is provided with two single tenon protrusions 41, each single tenon protrusion 41 is an inverted truncated cone-shaped protrusion, the lower end face of each single tenon protrusion 41 is provided with a through hole, the lower end of a single mortise column 54 forming the double mortise connection 5 is connected to the through hole, and the lower end of the single mortise column 54 is communicated with the through hole on the lower end face of the single tenon protrusion 41; the through hole of the brick upper cover 3, the single-mortise element 51 in the double-mortise connection 5 and the single tenon protrusion 41 on the bottom plate of the lower box together form the tenon-mortise element 2.
For stable assembly, a circle of shaft sleeve 42 extending upwards is arranged at the through hole of the single tenon 41, and the lower end of the single mortise column 54 is connected with the shaft sleeve; or another structure can be adopted to achieve the purpose of stability, a circle of positioning sleeve extending downwards is arranged at the through hole of the brick body upper cover 3, and the single mortise 53 is connected in the positioning sleeve; in addition, during assembly, the upper edge of the connecting plate 52 in the middle of the double-mortise connection 5 can be abutted against the upper brick body cover 3, and the lower edge of the connecting plate can be abutted against the bottom plate of the lower box, so that the assembly stability of the mortise and tenon bricks is further improved; the edge of the periphery of the brick upper cover 3 is provided with a hem extending vertically downwards, the inner side surface of the hem is provided with a convex clamping piece, meanwhile, the outer side surface of the lower box side plate close to the upper edge is provided with a concave clamping piece, and then the brick upper cover 3 and the lower box side plate are connected in a detachable clamping mode.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5, compared with the embodiments 1 and 2, the difference of this embodiment is that the upper surface and the lower surface of the brick body 1 are square, and only one mortise and tenon component 2 is arranged in the brick body 1 at the corner position during laying and building, so as to compensate the vacant position formed when the mortise and tenon bricks are staggered and stacked.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 6, compared with the embodiments 1 and 2, the difference of this embodiment is that three mortise and tenon components 2 are arranged in a brick body 1, the three mortise and tenon components 2 are arranged in a row at intervals, and are placed at corner positions during laying and building to compensate for vacant positions formed when the mortise and tenon bricks are stacked in a staggered manner, or are placed at corner positions during transverse multiple rows of laying.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 7, compared with the embodiments 1 and 2, the difference of this embodiment lies in that the upper surface and the lower surface of the brick body 1 are square, four mortise and tenon components 2 are arranged in the brick body 1, the four mortise and tenon components are arranged side by side in four directions, and are placed at corner positions to compensate for vacant positions formed when the mortise and tenon bricks are stacked in a staggered manner during laying and building, or placed at corner positions during horizontal multi-row laying.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The tenon-and-mortise brick for the building comprises brick bodies (1), and is characterized in that the brick bodies are arranged to be cuboids, each brick body is provided with at least two side-by-side tenon-and-mortise pieces (2), and each tenon-and-mortise piece comprises a mortise (21) positioned at the upper end, a tenon (22) positioned at the lower end, and a columnar mortise (23) extending from the mortise to the tenon;
the mortise is an inverted truncated cone-shaped concave part and is formed by downwards sinking from the upper surface of the brick body, and the lower end surface of the mortise is provided with a mortise through hole (24); the tenon is arranged as an inverted truncated cone-shaped protruding part and protrudes downwards from the lower surface of the brick body, and a tenon through hole (25) is formed in the lower end surface of the tenon; the mortise through hole and the tenon through hole are communicated with each other through the mortise, and the mortise penetrates through the brick body.
2. The mortise and tenon brick for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the inclined conical surface of the mortise and tenon brick forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the upper surface of the brick body.
3. The tenon-and-mortise building brick for the building according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the centers of the two tenon-and-mortise components is equal to the width of the brick body plus the width of a gap between the brick bodies; the length of the brick body is equal to the width of the brick body multiplied by 2 plus the width of the gap between the brick bodies.
4. The mortise and tenon brick for buildings according to claim 3, wherein a tenon rod is arranged in the mortise, and the tenon rod comprises a first tenon rod (11) with the length being half of the height of the brick body and a second tenon rod (12) with the length being equal to the height of the brick body.
5. The tenon-and-mortise building brick for the buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that the interior of the brick body is a cavity, and the brick body is formed by splicing an upper brick body cover (3) positioned above, a lower brick body box (4) positioned below and a double-mortise connection (5) positioned between the upper brick body cover and the lower brick body box.
6. A building mortise and tenon brick according to claim 5, characterized in that the double mortise comprises two single mortise elements (51) side by side, a yoke plate (52) connected between the two single mortise elements; the single-mortise piece is formed by connecting a single-mortise concave (53) positioned above and a single-mortise column (54) positioned below; the single-mortise concave part is an inverted cone frustum-shaped concave part, the lower end face of the single-mortise concave part is provided with a through hole, the inside of the single-mortise column is provided with a vertically through column hole, and the upper end of the single-mortise column is communicated with the lower end face of the single-mortise concave part.
7. The mortise and tenon joint brick for buildings according to claim 6, wherein the upper cover of the brick body is provided with two through holes, and the two single mortise and tenon joints constituting the double mortise and tenon joint are respectively connected with the two through holes.
8. The tenon-and-mortise building brick according to claim 7, wherein the lower box of the brick body is formed by connecting a lower box bottom plate and peripheral lower box side plates; the lower box bottom plate is provided with two single tenon protrusions (41), each single tenon protrusion is provided with an inverted truncated cone-shaped protrusion, the lower end face of each single tenon protrusion is provided with a through hole, the lower end of the single-mortise column forming the double-mortise connection is connected to the through hole, and the lower end of the single-mortise column is communicated with the lower end face of the single tenon protrusion; the through hole of the upper cover of the brick body, the single-mortise part in the double-mortise connection and the single tenon on the bottom plate of the lower box together form the tenon-mortise part.
9. The tenon-and-mortise building brick for buildings according to claim 8, wherein a circle of shaft sleeve (42) is arranged at the through hole of the single tenon-and-mortise, and the lower end of the single mortise is connected with the shaft sleeve, or a circle of positioning sleeve (43) extending downwards is arranged at the through hole of the upper cover of the brick body, and the single mortise is connected in the positioning sleeve; the upper edge of the connecting plate in the middle of the double-mortise connection can be abutted against the upper cover of the brick body, and the lower edge of the connecting plate can be abutted against the lower box bottom plate.
10. The tenon-and-mortise building brick according to claim 9, wherein the peripheral edge of the upper cover of the brick body is provided with a folded edge extending vertically and downwardly, the inner side surface of the folded edge is provided with an inward-concave or outward-convex clamping piece, and the outer side surface of the lower box side plate close to the upper edge is provided with an outward-convex or inward-concave clamping piece, so that the upper cover of the brick body and the lower box side plate form a detachable clamping connection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337669.2A CN111101481A (en) | 2019-04-19 | 2019-04-19 | Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337669.2A CN111101481A (en) | 2019-04-19 | 2019-04-19 | Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111101481A true CN111101481A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337669.2A Pending CN111101481A (en) | 2019-04-19 | 2019-04-19 | Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building |
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| CN (1) | CN111101481A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2647961Y (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2004-10-13 | 赵宏禄 | Inserting type light brick |
| US20070271868A1 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Abella Ricardo E | System of brick with rod |
| CN201495669U (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2010-06-02 | 靳卫强 | Round platform embedded-type building block |
| CN104234294A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-12-24 | 陈盛中 | Mortar-free mortise and tenon locking brick |
| CN211621464U (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江师范大学 | Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building |
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2019
- 2019-04-19 CN CN201910337669.2A patent/CN111101481A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2647961Y (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2004-10-13 | 赵宏禄 | Inserting type light brick |
| US20070271868A1 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Abella Ricardo E | System of brick with rod |
| CN201495669U (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2010-06-02 | 靳卫强 | Round platform embedded-type building block |
| CN104234294A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-12-24 | 陈盛中 | Mortar-free mortise and tenon locking brick |
| CN211621464U (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江师范大学 | Tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches brick for building |
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