CN111084184A - Application of xanthoxylin as rice planthopper repellent - Google Patents

Application of xanthoxylin as rice planthopper repellent Download PDF

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CN111084184A
CN111084184A CN201911355921.9A CN201911355921A CN111084184A CN 111084184 A CN111084184 A CN 111084184A CN 201911355921 A CN201911355921 A CN 201911355921A CN 111084184 A CN111084184 A CN 111084184A
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xanthoxylin
repellent
rice
rice planthopper
planthopper
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CN111084184B (en
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华红霞
赵景
蔡万伦
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HUBEI SHUANGSHUI SHUANGLU BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Hubei Shuangshui Shuanglu Biological Technology Co ltd
Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
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    • A01N25/06Aerosols

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Abstract

The invention discloses application of xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent. The field use concentration of the xanthoxylin for preventing and controlling the rice planthopper is 10-1000ppm of the effective component. Under the use concentration of 1000ppm, the repellency rates of the xanthoxylin to the three rice planthopper brown planthopper, sogatella furcifera and female planthopper adult can respectively reach 81.21%, 77.50% and 65.23% after the xanthoxylin is sprayed for 24 hours, and the xanthoxylin has a strong repellent effect. The rice planthopper repellent compound xanthoxylin is an extracted component of natural plants, and the rice planthopper repellent prepared by the method has the advantages of good prevention and control effect, simplicity in preparation, greenness, safety, effectiveness, environmental friendliness and the like.

Description

Application of xanthoxylin as rice planthopper repellent
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of green prevention and control of pests, in particular to application of plant-derived xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent.
Background
The rice is the second major food crop in the world, and in the production process of the rice, harmful insects are harmful in each growth period, so that the yield and the quality of the rice are reduced. In recent years, the pests seriously harming the rice in China mainly comprise pests such as rice planthoppers, rice leaf rollers, chilo suppressalis and the like, and the yield loss of the pests which are harmful to the rice all the year round is 15 to 25 percent. There are three major species of rice planthoppers, namely brown planthopper, sogatella furcifera and laodelphax striatellus, all of which belong to the homoptera planthopper family of pests. The rice planthopper mainly uses a piercing-sucking mouthpart to pierce and suck rice phloem juice to consume rice nutrient components, so that the whole rice plant is withered, and the rice planthopper burns in the severe field. Meanwhile, the rice planthopper can also spread various rice virus diseases while piercing and absorbing rice juice, thereby causing serious harm to rice.
As an important pest in the whole growth period of rice, the control of rice planthopper mainly depends on chemical control. The long-term single use of a certain pesticide results in the continuous improvement of the drug resistance level of rice planthoppers to some common pesticides, increases the prevention and control difficulty and the prevention and control cost, and brings negative effects of environmental pollution, large killing of natural enemy insects and the like. Three more rice planthopper populations have been reported to develop moderate or very high levels of resistance to conventional chemical pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, buprofezin, pymetrozine and imidacloprid. Therefore, green, safe and effective rice planthopper prevention and control technology is under development.
During the long-term co-evolution of pests and plants, plants can defend against pest attack by producing some secondary chemicals, among other ways, to repel and kill the pests. Therefore, one can adopt a "push-pull" strategy to perform green pest control based on the chemical relationship between pests and plants. The 'push' strategy is mainly to adopt the approaches of plant-source repellents and the like to expel pests out of a target field or prevent the pests from invading the target field, and the 'pull' strategy is mainly to adopt the approaches of natural enemy attractants and the like to attract the natural enemies to the target field to control the pests. In the aspect of plant-derived repellents, scientists are promoted to carry out a large amount of screening work due to the advantages of environmental friendliness, low cost, obvious effect and the like. Over the past 50 years, thousands of plants have been screened in large numbers as potential sources for repelling and controlling sanitary pests, storage pests, agricultural pests, and the like, and various plant essential oil products have been developed and used. The principle of repelling pests by the plant essential oil is that the plant essential oil contains a large amount of active plant source repelling compounds, and the screening and development of the plant source compounds as pest repellents can more effectively prevent and control pests.
Xanthoxylin is an amide compound, and can be generally extracted from pericarpium Zanthoxyli, cortex Sapii Radicis and folium Blumeae Balsamiferae. The general name of English is Xanthoxylin, the molecular weight is 196.2, and the appearance is white needle-shaped crystal. The chemical structural formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002335915570000021
the existing research shows that the xanthoxylin can inhibit the drug-induced muscle contraction and platelet aggregation, and can cause the spontaneous beating of the myocardium of mice. In addition, xanthoxylin and its derivatives also have bactericidal, antimicrobial and antifungal effects. The application of xanthoxylin as an active ingredient in plants such as pepper and the like in the aspect of preventing and controlling agricultural pests such as rice planthopper and the like is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides the application of the xanthoxylin as the rice planthopper repellent, and the xanthoxylin as the repellent has the advantages of good repellent effect, simple preparation, greenness, safety, effectiveness and environmental friendliness.
The zanthoxylum oil of the invention has the following chemical structural formula:
Figure BDA0002335915570000022
preferably, the xanthoxylin is used as a rice planthopper repellent at a use concentration of 100-1000 ppm.
Preferably, the xanthoxylin acts as a repellent of rice planthopper at a use concentration of 1000 ppm.
Preferably, the xanthoxylin is dissolved by a solvent, then a surfactant is added to prepare a mother solution, and then water is added to dilute until the concentration of the xanthoxylin is 10-1000ppm to be used as a repellent of rice planthopper for stem plant spraying.
Preferably, the solvent is acetone, ethanol or petroleum ether; the surfactant is Tween 20 or Triton 100. Preferably, the mass ratio of the xanthoxylin to the solvent is 1:1, wherein the content of tween 20 in the mother solution is 1 wt%.
The rice planthopper is brown planthopper, sogatella furcifera and/or laodelphax striatellus.
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the inventor researches and discovers that the xanthoxylin has a remarkable effect on controlling the rice planthoppers, and the most simple stem plant spraying method can be adopted to realize the rice planthopper repelling after the xanthoxylin is diluted into 10-1000ppm working solution. Due to high activity and strong pertinence of the xanthoxylin, the rice planthopper can be repelled at lower concentration. When the rice planthopper repellent compound is used, water is added until the concentration of the xanthoxylin is 10-1000ppm (mass-to-volume ratio), preferably 100-1000ppm, and the excessive high concentration can cause the problem of cost waste under the same control effect.
The xanthoxylin can be extracted from natural plants such as Chinese prickly ash peel and Chinese tallow tree root bark by a conventional method, and can also be prepared by synthesis or other methods, which is the prior art and is not described in detail.
The xanthoxylin is a plant source, and has the advantages of good repellent effect, simple preparation, environmental protection, safety, effectiveness and environmental friendliness when being used as an insect repellent for preventing and controlling rice planthoppers.
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FIG. 1 is a device for measuring the repellency activity of xanthoxylin against rice planthopper;
FIG. 2 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against the female adults of brown planthopper;
FIG. 3 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against the nymphs of brown planthoppers;
figure 4 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against lygus lucorum;
FIG. 5 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against female Sogatella furcifera adults;
FIG. 6 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against the nymph of Pediculus furiosus;
FIG. 7 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against female adults of Laodelphax striatellus;
figure 8 repellency activity of xanthoxylin against laodelphax striatellus nymphs.
Detailed Description
Example 1: measurement of repellent activity of xanthoxylin to brown planthopper and plant hopper natural enemy, namely, lygus lucorum
1.1 materials and methods
The tested insects are indoor populations of brown planthoppers and lygus lucorum, the brown planthoppers take nymphs of 3 ages and adult females of 7 days respectively for carrying out repellent tests, and the lygus lucorum takes the nymphs of 3 ages and adult females of 7 days respectively for carrying out repellent tests; the test compound was xanthoxylin, purchased from Tokyo chemical industries, Japan. The control repellent is laboratory-extracted ethanol extract of fructus Zanthoxyli, and is easily dissolved oily concentrate.
The method for measuring the biological activity comprises the following steps:
the stem spray method is adopted to carry out repellent activity determination, and a related repellent activity testing device is shown in figure 1. Transplanting two rice plants with the height of 30cm into a flowerpot with the diameter of 18cm at an interval of 12cm, and sleeving a transparent cylindrical polyvinyl chloride barrel with openings at two ends on the flowerpot. Taking a proper amount of xanthoxylin, adding acetone according to a mass ratio of 1:1 to dissolve the xanthoxylin, adding Tween 20 to prepare 20mg/ml xanthoxylin mother liquor containing Tween 20 of 1 wt%, and then adding clear water to dilute the mother liquor into 10, 100 and 1000ppm working solutions respectively. The control of the ethanol extract of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is 10mg/ml (10000ppm) working solution containing 1% Tween 20. 0.5ml of working solution with different concentrations is sprayed on one rice plant in the test device to serve as a treated plant, and 0.5ml of working solution only containing the same amount of acetone and Tween 20 is sprayed on the other rice plant to serve as a control plant. After being dried for 30min, 20 adults or 20 nymphs are inoculated to each device for carrying out the repellent activity test. The opening at the upper part of the cylindrical plastic barrel is bound with a plastic gauze by a rubber band to prevent the tested insects from escaping. Each concentration treatment was repeated 6 times. The amount of the fallen insects falling on the treated plants and the control plants is observed 6, 12 and 24 hours after the brown planthopper is inoculated with the insects, so as to observe and calculate the repellent activity; the Apolygus lucorum was observed only for 24h for the amount of insect shedding to detect the repellent activity.
The data statistics and analysis method comprises the following steps:
the repellency rate (R%) [ (Nc-Nt)/(Nc + Nt) ] × 100
Nt-number of insects on the treated plant; number of insects on Nc-control plants
The repellent activity is detected by a paired sample T test to have repellent significance, and repellent effect differences in different concentrations and different observation times are subjected to statistical analysis by using one-factor variance analysis.
1.2 Pepper oil extract for repelling Nilaparvata lugens and Apolygus lucorum
After spraying 10, 100 and 1000ppm of xanthoxylin, respectively, the amount of the fallen brown planthopper female adults and 3-year-old nymphs on the treated and control plants was observed within 6, 12 and 24 hours. As can be seen from the repellent results in figures 2 and 3, the xanthoxylin has a remarkable repellent effect on both the brown planthopper adult females and nymphs within 24h after being sprayed within the range of 10-1000ppm (P < 0.05). By calculating the repellent rates, after the treatment of 10, 100 and 1000ppm of xanthoxylin for 24 hours, the repellent rates on the adult brown planthopper are respectively 36.06 +/-3.04%, 51.14 +/-3.88% and 81.21 +/-2.31%, and the repellent rates on the nymphs of the 3-instar brown planthopper are respectively 30.64 +/-3.82%, 49.58 +/-2.63% and 67.91 +/-3.54%. 10000ppm (10mg/ml) of the zanthoxylum bungeanum ethanol extract has repellent activity lower than 1000ppm of the zanthoxylum bungeanum oil extract, which shows that the repellent activity of the purified zanthoxylum bungeanum oil extract can be improved by more than 10 times compared with the zanthoxylum bungeanum extract (Table 1).
In order to detect the specificity of the xanthoxylin to the plant hoppers and the influence of the xanthoxylin to other insects, particularly natural enemy insects after the xanthoxylin is used, the influence of the xanthoxylin to the natural enemy plant bug, namely the rice planthopper, namely the apolygus lucorum is detected. From the test results of fig. 4, it can be found that the xanthoxylin at 10, 100 and 1000ppm has no significant effect on the apolygus lividipennis, i.e. no repellent or attractant activity.
Comprehensive analysis shows that 10-1000ppm of xanthoxylin can obviously repel brown planthopper without obvious influence on natural enemy of rice planthopper, namely, lygus lucorum. Compared with natural plant essential oil containing xanthoxylin, namely the zanthoxylum bungeanum ethanol extract, the activity of the xanthoxylin for repelling brown planthopper is improved by over 10 times.
TABLE 1 repellency Activity of xanthoxylin against Nilaparvata lugens
Figure BDA0002335915570000051
Example 2: measurement of repellent activity of xanthoxylin to Sogatella furcifera
2.1 materials and methods
The tested insects are indoor population of sogatella furcifera, and nymphs at 3 ages and adult females at 7 days are respectively taken for carrying out repellent test; the test compound was xanthoxylin, purchased from Tokyo chemical industries, Japan.
The method for measuring the biological activity comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out related repellent activity determination by adopting a stem spraying method, wherein a related repellent activity testing device is shown in a figure 1. Transplanting two rice plants with the height of 30cm into a flowerpot with the diameter of 18cm at an interval of 12cm, and sleeving a transparent cylindrical polyvinyl chloride barrel with openings at two ends on the flowerpot. Taking a proper amount of xanthoxylin, adding acetone according to a mass ratio of 1:1 to dissolve the xanthoxylin, adding Tween 20 to prepare 20mg/ml xanthoxylin mother liquor containing Tween 20 of 1 wt%, and then adding clear water to dilute the mother liquor into working solutions of 10 ppm, 100 ppm and 1000ppm respectively. 0.5ml of working solution with different concentrations is sprayed on one rice plant in the test device to serve as a treated plant, and 0.5ml of working solution only containing the same amount of acetone and Tween 20 is sprayed on the other rice plant to serve as a control plant. After being dried for 30min, 20 female sogatella furcifera adults or 20 third-instar larvae are inoculated into each device for carrying out a repellent activity test. The opening at the upper part of the cylindrical plastic barrel is bound with a plastic gauze by a rubber band to prevent the tested insects from escaping. Each concentration treatment was repeated 6 times. The number of colonies on the treated and control plants was observed at 6, 12 and 24h after inoculation to observe the calculated repellent activity.
The data statistics and analysis method comprises the following steps:
the repellency rate (R%) [ (Nc-Nt)/(Nc + Nt) ] × 100
Nt-number of insects on the treated plant; number of insects on Nc-control plants
The repellent activity is detected by a paired sample T test to have repellent significance, and repellent effect differences in different concentrations and different observation times are subjected to statistical analysis by using one-factor variance analysis.
2.2 Pepper oil extract repellent Activity against Sogatella furcifera
After spraying 10, 100 and 1000ppm of xanthoxylin, respectively, the amount of the larvae dropped on the treated and control plants by the female sogatella furcifera and the 3 rd nymphs was observed within 6, 12 and 24 hours. As can be seen from the repellent results of fig. 5 and fig. 6, the xanthoxylin has a remarkable repellent effect on both the female and nymphs of the Sogatella furcifera within 24 hours after being sprayed with the xanthoxylin within the range of 10-1000ppm (P < 0.05). By calculating the repellent rates, after 10, 100 and 1000ppm of xanthoxylin treatment for 24 hours, the repellent rates of the adult white-backed planthopper are respectively 30.89 +/-1.49%, 47.65 +/-2.94% and 77.50 +/-2.35%, and the repellent rates of the nymphs of the 3 rd planthopper are respectively 23.98 +/-2.95%, 42.58 +/-2.60% and 56.45 +/-2.87% (Table 2). Through comprehensive analysis, the repellent rate of 1000ppm xanthoxylin to nymphs of Sogatella furcifera is the highest.
TABLE 2 repellency Activity of xanthoxylin against Sogatella furcifera
Figure BDA0002335915570000061
Example 3: determination of repellent activity of xanthoxylin to Laodelphax striatellus
3.1 materials and methods
The tested insects are indoor population of Laodelphax striatellus, and nymphs at 3 ages and adult females at 7 days are respectively taken for carrying out repellent test; the test compound, xanthoxylin, was purchased from Tokyo chemical industries, Japan.
The method for measuring the biological activity comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out related repellent activity determination by adopting a stem spraying method, wherein a related repellent activity testing device is shown in a figure 1. Transplanting two rice plants with the height of 30cm into a flowerpot with the diameter of 18cm at an interval of 12cm, and sleeving a transparent cylindrical polyvinyl chloride barrel with openings at two ends on the flowerpot. Taking a proper amount of xanthoxylin, adding acetone according to a mass ratio of 1:1 to dissolve the xanthoxylin, adding Tween 20 to prepare 20mg/ml xanthoxylin mother liquor containing Tween 20 of 1 wt%, and then adding clear water to dilute the mother liquor into working solutions of 10 ppm, 100 ppm and 1000ppm respectively. 0.5ml of working solution with different concentrations is sprayed on one rice strain of the test device to be used as a treated strain, and 0.5ml of working solution only containing the same amount of acetone and Tween 20 is sprayed on the other rice strain to be used as a control strain. After being dried for 30min, 20 female laodelphax striatellus adults or 20 third-instar larvae are inoculated into each device for carrying out a repellent activity test. The opening at the upper part of the cylindrical plastic barrel is bound with a plastic gauze by a rubber band to prevent the tested insects from escaping. Each concentration treatment was repeated 6 times. The number of colonies on the treated and control plants was observed at 6, 12 and 24h after inoculation to observe the calculated repellent activity.
The data statistics and analysis method comprises the following steps:
the repellency rate (R%) [ (Nc-Nt)/(Nc + Nt) ] × 100
Nt-number of insects on the treated plant; number of insects on Nc-control plants
The repellent activity is detected by a paired sample T test to have repellent significance, and repellent effect differences in different concentrations and different observation times are subjected to statistical analysis by using one-factor variance analysis.
3.2 repellent Activity of Zanthoxylin against Laodelphax striatellus
After spraying 10, 100 and 1000ppm of xanthoxylin, respectively, the amount of the larvae dropped on the treated and control plants was observed for female laodelphax striatellus and 3-year-old nymphs within 6, 12 and 24 hours. As can be seen from the repellent results of fig. 7 and fig. 8, the xanthoxylin has a remarkable repellent effect on both the female and nymphs of the laodelphax striatellus within 24 hours after being sprayed with the xanthoxylin within the range of 10-1000ppm (P < 0.05). By calculating the repellent rates, after the treatment of 10, 100 and 1000ppm of the xanthoxylin for 24 hours, the repellent rates of the adult laodelphax striatellus are respectively 26.71 +/-3.61%, 45.70 +/-1.96% and 65.23 +/-2.60%, and the repellent rates of the adult laodelphax striatellus are respectively 15.82 +/-2.68%, 30.08 +/-2.18% and 60.36 +/-0.81% (Table 3). Through comprehensive analysis, the repellent rate of 1000ppm xanthoxylin to laodelphax striatellus nymphs is the highest.
TABLE 3 repellent Activity of xanthoxylin against Laodelphax striatellus
Figure BDA0002335915570000081

Claims (6)

1. The application of the xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent comprises the following chemical structural formula:
Figure FDA0002335915560000011
2. the use of xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the xanthoxylin is used as a rice planthopper repellent at the use concentration of 10-1000 ppm.
3. The use of xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent according to claim 2, characterized in that: the xanthoxylin is used as a repellent of rice planthopper at the use concentration of 100-1000 ppm.
4. The use of xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that: dissolving xanthoxylin in solvent, adding surfactant to obtain mother liquor, and diluting with water until the concentration of xanthoxylin is 10-1000ppm to obtain repellent for rice planthopper.
5. The use of xanthoxylin as a rice planthopper repellent according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solvent is acetone, ethanol or petroleum ether; the surfactant is Tween 20 or Triton 100.
6. Use of xanthoxylin according to any one of claims 1-5 as a rice planthopper repellent, characterized in that: the rice planthopper is brown planthopper, sogatella furcifera and/or laodelphax striatellus.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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