CN113115797A - Nematicidal composition containing fluconazole acyl hydroxylamine and abamectin - Google Patents
Nematicidal composition containing fluconazole acyl hydroxylamine and abamectin Download PDFInfo
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- CN113115797A CN113115797A CN202110439207.9A CN202110439207A CN113115797A CN 113115797 A CN113115797 A CN 113115797A CN 202110439207 A CN202110439207 A CN 202110439207A CN 113115797 A CN113115797 A CN 113115797A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
Abstract
The invention discloses a nematicidal composition containing fluxapyroxad and abamectin. In the component A, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad to the abamectin is 60: 1-1: 60; in the component B, the mass ratio of the tea saponin to the dysosma versipellis extract is 20: 1-1: 10; in the nematicidal composition containing the fluxapyroxad and the abamectin, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the nematicidal composition is 20: 1-1: 16. Within a certain proportion range, the composition has excellent control effect on plant nematode diseases, particularly root-knot nematode diseases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide compositions, relates to a special synergistic composition of a nematicide, and particularly relates to a nematicide composition containing fluxapyroxad and abamectin.
Background
In the current agricultural production process of China, long-term continuous cropping is often adopted, and soil root-knot nematodes are accumulated to be particularly serious, so that the root-knot nematode disease still is one of the main diseases of crops in a quite long time in the future. Nematicides can be divided into fumigant type nematicides and non-fumigant type nematicides according to different application modes. Nematicides can be classified into halogenated hydrocarbons, organic sulfur, organic phosphorus, carbamates, trifluorobutenes, etc., depending on their chemical structure. In addition, some of them are nematicides and seed treatments derived from biological and plant sources. The main disadvantages of the nematocides commonly available in the market are high toxicity and relatively prominent resistance and residue problems.
The pyraflufen-fluoride (Pydiflumetofen) belongs to a novel pyridine amide fungicide and has a wide fungicide spectrum. The fluxapyroxad breaks through the bactericidal spectrum of the traditional succinate dehydrogenase, can effectively prevent and treat diseases caused by fusarium, and has good permeability and rain wash resistance on crops. The fluxapyroxad can be used for preventing and treating various diseases of crops such as grains, corns, soybeans, peanuts, rapes, quinoa, vegetables, dry peas, fruit trees, special crops, lawns, ornamental plants and the like. The fluxapyroxad is also a novel nematicide, and is prepared into a seed treatment agent by Zhang Dada for preventing and treating soybean cyst nematodes.
Avermectins are sixteen-membered macrolide compounds with insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activities, and are produced by fermentation of Streptomyces griseus in Streptomyces. The abamectin is composed of a group of macrolide compounds, has stomach toxicity and contact poisoning effects on mites and insects, and is an efficient and broad-spectrum antibiotic insecticidal acaricide. After the abamectin is sprayed on the surface of the leaf, the abamectin can be quickly decomposed and dissipated, active ingredients penetrating into plant parenchyma tissue can exist in the tissue for a long time and have a conduction effect, and the abamectin has long residual effect on pest mites and insects eating harm in the plant tissue.
Tea saponin (Tea saponin) is a saccharide-type compound extracted from seeds of Theaceae plants, and belongs to saponin class. The tea saponin has certain stomach toxicity and strong avoidance function on cabbage caterpillar, and the higher the concentration is, the stronger the avoidance is, and has certain effect on preventing cabbage caterpillar from harming cabbage caterpillar. The tea saponin is used as pesticide for garden flowers to prevent and control soil pests, such as cutworm, nematode and other pests. The tea saponin also has good poisoning effect on ampullaria gigas, snails, oncomelania and the like which harm rice.
Dysosma versipellis is a perennial herb of berberidaceae and Podophyllum, has a plant height of up to 150 cm, and is a unique medicinal plant in China. The active ingredients of the dysosma versipellis extract comprise total lignans, total flavonoids and the like, and have the effects of resisting tumors, bacteria, viruses and snake venom and the like.
Patent CN107494563A discloses a fluorine-containing pyraoxystrobin composition and application thereof, wherein the composition comprises active ingredients of pyraoxystrobin and cartap; the invention can effectively prevent and treat aphelenchoides besseyi and resistant bakanae disease, and the pesticide dosage is obviously reduced. Patent CN101180969B discloses a granule for killing nematode, which is prepared by using soybean cake powder after soybean oil extraction as a carrier, taking fosthiazate and avermectin as effective components, and matching with an adhesive, a pH regulator and a colorant according to a proper proportion.
Plant nematode infects to cause plant tissue damage, hinders plant nutrient absorption, influences normal growth metabolism, is easily infected by other pathogenic bacteria simultaneously, causes the plant morbidity. At present, plant nematode disease control depends on carbamate nematocides, but most carbamate nematocides have high toxicity and threaten human, livestock and ecological environment safety. The inventor of the present application has conducted intensive studies to find a fluorine-containing pyraoxystrobin composition. The composition uses the fluxapyroxad and abamectin in combination, and is combined with the tea saponin and the dysosma versipellis extract, so that the composition has excellent control effect on plant nematode diseases, the composition is not shown in known documents, and the beneficial effect of the composition on the plant nematode diseases is difficult to know by ordinary technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nematicidal composition containing epoxiconazole hydroxylamine and abamectin, which has excellent control effect on plant nematode diseases, particularly root-knot nematode diseases.
Based on the above purpose, the invention provides a nematicidal composition containing fluxapyroxad and abamectin. The composition comprises a component A, wherein the component A is the fluxapyroxad and the abamectin. The composition also comprises a component B, wherein the component B is tea saponin and an dysosma versipellis extract.
As is readily known by those skilled in the art, the pesticide effect of the agricultural composition is improved, the occurrence of drug resistance is avoided, and the combined use or the combined use of multiple pesticides is mostly adopted, but due to the unclear mechanism of the components and the internal mechanism, whether the control effect of the combined use or the combined use of the multiple pesticides is synergistic or not is difficult to expect. Through deep experimental investigation, the inventor evaluates the comprehensive effect shown by field experiments, and the nematicidal composition has excellent control effect on root-knot nematodes and is superior to the use effect of a single agent.
Further, the nematicidal composition containing the pyraoxystrobin and the abamectin comprises a component A, wherein the component A contains the pyraoxystrobin and the abamectin. In the component A, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad to the abamectin is 60: 1-1: 60; preferably, the mass ratio is 32: 1-1: 10.
Further, the nematicidal composition containing the triflumizole hydroxylamine and the abamectin comprises a component B, wherein the component B comprises tea saponin and an dysosma versipellis extract. In the component B, the mass ratio of the tea saponin to the dysosma versipellis extract is 20: 1-1: 10; preferably, the mass ratio is 15: 1-1: 5.
Further, in the nematicidal composition containing the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and the abamectin, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the nematicidal composition is 20: 1-1: 16; preferably, the mass ratio is 5: 1-1: 4.
The method for preparing the dysosma versipellis extract is not particularly limited in the present invention. The nematicidal composition containing the fluxapyroxad and the abamectin takes the whole dysosma versipellis as a raw material, and can be obtained by water leaching and organic solvent leaching or other conventional methods after being dried and crushed.
Organic solvent extraction can be used as one of the preferable modes for obtaining the dysosma versipellis extract, and the operation process is as follows: taking the whole aired and crushed dysosma versipellis (including stems, leaves and roots), ultrasonically leaching the obtained crushed material by using an organic solvent, and recovering the organic solvent in the leaching liquor to obtain a concentrated solution of the dysosma versipellis extract, thus obtaining the dysosma versipellis extract. The organic solvent is preferably one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate, or other organic solvents capable of obtaining the dysosma versipellis extract.
According to the actual application requirement, the composition can be prepared into one of dosage forms such as an aqueous emulsion, a microemulsion, a suspending agent, wettable powder, water dispersible granules and the like according to a method known by a person skilled in the art. The functional composition also contains an auxiliary agent required by pesticide preparation, and the auxiliary agent can be one or a mixture of more of a solvent, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a stabilizer, a dispersant, a thickening agent, a pH regulator, an antifoaming agent, an antifreezing agent, a filler and the like. The adjuvants of the present invention may be known substances, such as various adjuvants commonly used in pesticide preparations, and may be varied according to circumstances, and are not particularly limited.
The application method can adopt spraying, root irrigation, root soaking, seed soaking, pouring, throwing, broadcasting, furrow application, hole application and the like. Soil treatment such as furrow application, hole application and root irrigation or root soaking and seed soaking treatment is preferred for preventing and treating the nematodes. The preferable preparation formulation for preventing and treating the root-knot nematode is aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspending agent, granules and wettable powder, wherein the aqueous emulsion, the microemulsion and the suspending agent are mainly used for irrigation and drip irrigation, the granules are mainly used for broadcast application, and the wettable powder is mainly used for mixing toxic soil or chemical fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the nematicidal composition containing the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and the abamectin has the beneficial effects or advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the main contribution of the invention is to provide the nematicidal composition containing the fluxapyroxad and the abamectin, the effective components of the composition are the fluxapyroxad and the abamectin, and the tea saponin and the dysosma versipellis extract are supplemented. The inventor of the patent conducts field efficacy test on the composition, finds that the composition has better prevention and treatment effects on plant nematode diseases than single agents in a certain proportion range, and shows that the composition has a synergistic effect.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a field test of the effect of a nematicidal composition containing fluxapyroxad and abamectin on controlling cucumber root-knot nematode. The effective components of the agricultural composition are epoxiconazole acyl hydroxylamine and abamectin, and tea saponin and an dysosma versipellis extract are added in an auxiliary manner.
The cucumber variety to be tested is 'jin you 2', and the test site is in a greenhouse of a flood area in Shenyang city, so that the normal soil, fertilizer and water management is unified.
The nematodes to be tested were Meloidogyne incognita (melodogyne incognita) collected from Shenyang in greenhouse in flood area. The method for culturing the nematode for test comprises the steps of inoculating first-instar larvae on susceptible tomatoes, taking out roots and cleaning soil when a large amount of oocysts are generated at the roots, taking the oocysts in a culture dish by using tweezers, disinfecting with 0.5% of sodium hypochlorite, washing with sterile water for 3 times, placing the disinfected oocysts in the sterilized culture dish, and collecting second-instar larvae in a triangular flask every day for later use.
The fluxapyroxad, the abamectin, the tea saponin and the dysosma versipellis extract are compounded into a mixed treatment agent according to the proportion shown in table 1, and a single agent of the fluxapyroxad, a single agent of the abamectin, a single agent of the tea saponin and a single agent of the dysosma versipellis extract are respectively used as control treatment agents, and clear water is used as a blank control. The dysosma versipellis extract is obtained by methanol solvent extraction, specifically, 10g of air-dried and crushed dysosma versipellis whole plant is weighed and placed in a 500mL beaker, 250mL of methanol is added, reflux extraction is performed for 2-3 hours after mixing, and the solvent is removed through reduced pressure concentration, so that the dysosma versipellis extract is obtained.
The cucumber seedlings are grown in a nutrition pot with the diameter of 13cm and the height of 10cm, and the seedling soil is the mixture of the processed wireless garden soil and sandy soil according to the proportion of 4: 1. And (4) inoculating nematodes when 2-3 true leaves grow out of the cucumber seedlings. When the nematodes are inoculated, the cultured nematodes are prepared into 100 nematodes/mL suspension, 3 small holes are uniformly inserted around the roots of the plants, the nematode suspension is dripped into the small holes, and 1500 nematodes are inoculated in each pot. The medicament treatment is carried out on the day of nematode inoculation, and each medicament treatment group is watered according to the proportion shown in the table 1, and the medicament application dose is 50kg/hm2. The test design is random block arrangement, 3 times of repetition, 25 plants are planted in each cell, 5-point sampling is adopted in each cell, 4 plants are investigated in each point, the total plant number and the plant number of each stage of diseases are investigated by taking the plants as a unit, the disease index and the prevention and treatment effect are calculated, and the data results are shown in table 1.
And evaluating the disease index according to the root symptoms, and calculating the prevention and treatment effect. The disease index grading standard is as follows: grade 0, healthy and disease-free (no root knot on the root system); 1-grade, 1% -20% of the root systems have root knots, but the root knots are not connected with each other; 2-grade, 21% -40% of root systems are provided with root knots, and only a small number of root knots are mutually connected; grade 3, wherein 41-60% of root systems are provided with root knots, and less than half of root knots are mutually connected; grade 4, 61% -80% of root systems are provided with root knots, more than half of the root knots are mutually connected, and partial main roots and lateral roots become thick and are deformed; grade 5, more than 80% of the roots have root knots and are connected with each other, and most of the main and lateral roots are malformed.
The disease index and the prevention and treatment effect (%) are calculated as follows:
TABLE 1 control of cucumber root knot nematode disease by nematicidal compositions
Note: the component A is the fluorine azole acyl hydroxylamine (A)1) And abamectin (A)2) The component B is tea saponin (B)1) And Dysosma versipellis extract (B)2) A combination of (A)1And A2The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:11And B2The mass ratio in component B is 1: 1.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the nematicidal composition containing the triflumizole acylhydroxylamine and the abamectin has good control effect on the cucumber root-knot nematode disease within a certain proportion range of effective components of the triflumizole acylhydroxylamine, the abamectin, the tea saponin and the dysosma versipellis extract, the highest control effect reaches 88.69% after application, and the control effect is higher than the combined use effect of each component of a single agent, the combination of the triflumizole acylhydroxylamine and the abamectin, and the tea saponin and the dysosma versipellis extract.
Example 2
This example provides a field test of the effect of a nematicidal composition comprising pyraflufen-ethyl and abamectin on the control of tomato root-knot nematode disease. The effective components of the agricultural composition are epoxiconazole acyl hydroxylamine and abamectin, and tea saponin and an dysosma versipellis extract are added in an auxiliary manner.
The tested tomato variety is 'valley rain Tiancii No. 1', and the test site is in a greenhouse of a campsite village greenhouse in the city of iron hills, and normal soil, fertilizer and water management is unified.
The experiment shows that 2 groups of nematicidal composition treatment groups containing fluconazole acylhydroxylamine and abamectin are respectively an emulsifiable concentrate and a suspending agent, and the application dosage is 50kg/hm2The application is carried out by adopting 40 percentRoot irrigation is carried out at a rate of 0ml per plant. The preparation method of the emulsifiable concentrate comprises the steps of sequentially adding 10g of fluxapyroxad, 10g of abamectin, 5g of tea saponin and 5g of dysosma versipellis extract into 30ml of dimethylbenzene, adding 20ml of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after fully mixing, and stirring uniformly to obtain uniform and transparent oily liquid, thus obtaining the emulsifiable concentrate. The preparation method of the suspending agent comprises the steps of fully mixing 10ml of lignosulfonate, 3ml of ethylene glycol, 1ml of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5ml of silicone oil and 500ml of water, then sequentially adding 10g of fluxapyroxad, 10g of abamectin, 5g of tea saponin and 5g of dysosma versipellis extract, fully mixing, and adding water to a constant volume of 1L to obtain the suspending agent.
3 groups of common nematicide treatment groups are set in the test, wherein the treatment groups are respectively 41.7 percent fluopyram suspending agent (Bayer thigh company) and 400ml per plant is irrigated with roots; 1% Emamectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate (Shanghainebai plant protection Co., Ltd.), 400 ml/plant for root irrigation; 10% Thiazolophosphine granules (Hebeixing Bai agricultural science Co., Ltd.), 50kg/hm2The mixture is applied by mixing with soil, and after the application, each plant is watered with equal amount of water, and the standard is water impermeability.
The test is additionally provided with a clear water contrast.
The experiment was designed as a fully randomized block with 3 replicates per group. The ridge length of the test plot is 6m, the ridge width is 0.5m, the ridge spacing is 0.3m, and 21 plants are planted on each ridge. Nematodes were inoculated immediately after tomato transplantation and were prepared as in example 1. When the nematodes are inoculated, the cultured nematodes are prepared into 100/mL nematode suspension, 3 small holes are uniformly inserted around the roots of plants, the nematode suspension is dripped into the small holes, and 1500 nematodes are inoculated to each plant. After inoculation of nematodes, corresponding treatments were performed according to the conditions of each group, and samples were taken 90 days after the treatment. Sampling at 5 points in each cell, investigating 2 plants at each point, investigating the total number of plants and the number of plants of diseases at each level by taking the plants as a unit, and calculating disease index and prevention and treatment effect. The disease index and the prevention and treatment effect are calculated in the same manner as in example 1, and the data and results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 nematicidal composition for the control of tomato root-knot nematode disease
As can be seen from the data in the table 2, the nematicidal composition containing the epoxiconazole acyl hydroxylamine and the abamectin has the advantages that the effective components of the epoxiconazole acyl hydroxylamine, the abamectin, the tea saponin and the dysosma versipellis extract are in a certain proportion range, the prepared emulsifiable concentrate and suspending agent have good control effect on the tomato root-knot nematode disease, the highest control effect after application reaches 75.97%, and the application effect is higher than that of each common nematicidal agent.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications of the technical solution of the present invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The nematicidal composition containing the fluxapyroxad and the abamectin is characterized by comprising an effective component A, wherein the component A is the fluxad and the abamectin.
2. The nematicidal composition according to claim 1, wherein in the component A, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad to the abamectin is 60: 1-1: 60.
3. The nematicidal composition according to claim 2, wherein in the component A, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad to the abamectin is 32: 1-1: 10.
4. The nematicidal composition of claim 1, further comprising component B, which is tea saponin and an extract of Dysosma versipellis.
5. The nematicidal composition of claim 4, wherein in the component B, the mass ratio of the tea saponin to the Dysosma versipellis extract is 20: 1-1: 10.
6. The nematicidal composition of claim 5, wherein in the component B, the mass ratio of the tea saponin to the Dysosma versipellis extract is 15: 1-1: 5.
7. The nematicidal composition according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the nematicidal composition is 20:1 to 1: 16.
8. The nematicidal composition according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the nematicidal composition is 5: 1-1: 4.
9. Use of the nematicidal composition of any one of claims 1 to 6 to control nematode disease in plants.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the plant nematodes comprise root knot nematodes.
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Application publication date: 20210716 |