CN111053249A - 一种改善便秘的膳食及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于保健食品加工技术领域,特别涉及一种改善便秘的膳食,由下述组分按重量份组成:芝麻30~50份、黑豆30~60份、炒山楂10~30份、魔芋粉5~30份和低聚果糖10~20份,是一种健康食品,口感好,能够增加肠道蠕动,起到柔肠通便的作用,还能起到宁心安神、消积食、健脾胃的作用,可以部分代替食物食用,还提供了该改善便秘的膳食的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健食品加工技术领域,特别涉及一种改善便秘的膳食及其制备方法。
背景技术
便秘是粪便在肠腔内停滞过久,水分被过多吸收,而出现的排便次数减少、粪便干硬等排便困难症状。随着人口老龄化和生活方式的改变,便秘患病率不断增加,而长期便秘又易引起痔疮、肛门裂伤、脱肛,严重便秘可引起虚脱、晕厥,严重妨碍工作与生活,甚至极大地危害心理及身体健康。
食疗一直是人们推崇的一种养生行为。通常人们更愿意接受通过食疗来调理身体和消除便秘。故本发明旨在探寻一种有效消除便秘、又可轻易被人们接受的改善便秘的营养膳食。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题,提供一种改善便秘的膳食,是一种健康食品,口感好,能够增加肠道蠕动,起到柔肠通便的作用,还能起到宁心安神、消积食、健脾胃的作用,可以部分代替食物食用,还提供了其制备方法。
本发明采用以下技术方案来实现:
一种改善便秘的膳食,由下述组分按重量份组成:芝麻30~50份、黑豆30~60份、炒山楂10~30份、魔芋粉5~30份和低聚果糖10~20份。
所述的改善便秘的膳食的制备方法,通过如下步骤制备而成:将芝麻、黑豆、炒山楂、魔芋粉和低聚果糖的超微干粉,过100目筛后按重量比混合均匀,灭菌后制得。
优选的方案,所述灭菌条件为:在120℃条件下,灭菌30min。
芝麻和黑豆含有大量的脂肪和蛋白质,可以为便秘人员提供日常必需的营养。
炒山楂是健脾开胃、消食化滞的良品。
天南星科魔芋属多年生草本植物,其块茎炙后能健胃、消饱胀,有“去肠砂”之称,魔芋是优良的膳食纤维来源,能促进胃肠蠕动,魔芋粉的主要成分为魔芋葡甘露聚糖,魔芋葡甘聚糖分子中含有大量羟基、羰基等亲水性基团,能吸附其自身重量的80~120倍的水份形成粘稠的溶液,增强肠道功能,抑制小肠对水分的吸收,使肠壁水分被吸收进肠道,软化大便而起到通便作用,加速结肠的运输效果,从而改善便秘。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明的改善便秘的健康食品,口感好,富含膳食纤维,不但可以刺激肠蠕动,保证机体正常代谢,还可以在结肠内部分解,改善粪便与肠壁的接触条件,增加肠道蠕动,促进排便,有利于清除肠道垃圾,起润肠作用。
2、本发明的改善便秘的健康食品,使用后具有较好的饱腹感,可部分代替食物,可宁心安神、消积食健脾胃,从而可增加肠道蠕动,起柔肠通便作用,最终达到改善便秘的目的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例1的青年小鼠测定结果。
图2是本发明实施例2的老年小鼠测定结果。
图3是本发明实施例1的青年小鼠肠道H&E染色图。
图4是本发明实施例2的老年小鼠肠道H&E染色图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种改善便秘的膳食,由以下成分组成:芝麻50g、黑豆30g、炒山楂10g、魔芋粉5g和低聚果糖10g;
制备方法为,将上述各成分的超微干粉,过100目筛后按重量比混合均匀,在120℃条件下,灭菌30min后制得。
测试本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食对青年小鼠便秘的影响,实验方法为:采用30只5周龄雄性昆明青年小鼠,随机分成5组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组、硫糖铝组、硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组和高剂量膳食组;
其中:硫糖铝组灌胃硫糖铝13.40g/kg;硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组,灌胃硫糖铝13.40g/kg和本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食2.16g/kg;硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组,灌胃硫糖铝13.40g/kg和本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食10.8g/kg;高剂量膳食组,灌胃本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食10.8g/kg。
检测指标及具体实验方法如下:
1、测定首次排便时间、粪便粒数和粪便重量:给药前饥饿过夜,第一天给药后记录首次排出粪便的时间,即为首次排便时间;每日1次,连续2日给药,在第2次给药结束后,饥饿过夜,自由饮水,收集12h内排便量,称重,得到粪便粒数即粪便湿重;粪便以75℃烘箱处理4h,称重后得到粪便干重,通过粪便湿重、粪便干重以重量差计算含水量。
2、测定碳末推进率:第3天以上述方法进行相应小鼠半量灌胃;给药30min后,对各组小鼠进行墨汁混悬液灌胃;20min后脱颈椎处死小鼠,解剖分离肠系膜取出小肠,置于白底平板上,在无张力作用的情况下以胃幽门处为起点量取“小肠总长度”,测量幽门至墨汁推进前端为“墨汁推进长度”,计算碳末推进率。
(3)观察肠道病理学形态变化:取实验小鼠小肠、大肠肠段H&E染色观察病理学形态变化。
(4)统计学数据处理:所有数据采用GraphPad Prism(v 5.01)科学统计绘图软件进行分析,并以mean±SEM表示,组间和组内采用双向方差分析,最终以p<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
检测结果:
(1)如图1a所示,与空白组相比,硫糖铝组小鼠的首次排便时间显著延长(p<0.01);与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组小鼠的首次排便时间显著缩短(p<0.05);与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠的首次排便时间虽无统计学差异,但有增加的趋势,且在高剂量灌胃后,出现了小鼠死亡情况,小鼠的死亡率约为1/3;与空白组相比,高剂量膳食组小鼠出现死亡情况,小鼠的死亡率约为1/6,存活小鼠的首次排便时间没有明显差异;解剖死亡小鼠,发现小鼠具有肠胀气的现象。
(2)如图1b所示,与空白组相比,硫糖组小鼠的排便量仅有少量的增加;与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠排便量剂量依赖性下降。
(3)如图1c所示,与空白组和硫糖铝组相比,添加有本实施例成分的硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组和高剂量膳食组的小鼠粪便含水量均增加,且硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组和高剂量膳食组显著性增加便秘小鼠的粪便含水量(p<0.01)。
(4)如图1d所示,碳末推进率呈剂量依赖性下降,硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组肠道推进率降低(p<0.05),说明硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组降低了便秘青年小鼠的小肠蠕动。
(5)如图3a所示,1、空白对照组的小鼠小肠绒毛完整,杯状细胞丰富;2、硫糖铝组小鼠的小肠绒毛完整,杯状细胞数量与空白组相比无差异;3、硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组小鼠的小肠绒毛排列稀疏,但绒毛结构完整,杯状细胞数量减少;4、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠的小肠绒毛排列稀疏,但绒毛结构完整,杯状细胞数量减少;5、高剂量膳食组小鼠的小肠绒毛完整,但杯状细胞数量较少。
(6)如图3b所示,1、空白对照组、硫糖铝处理组小鼠大肠粘膜上皮完整无缺损,炎性细胞少,杯状细胞丰富;2、硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠的大肠粘膜表层有缺损,炎性细胞少,且与空白组相比,杯状细胞明显减少;3、高剂量膳食组小鼠的大肠粘膜表层缺损程度较严重,且与空白组相比,杯状细胞明显减少,并伴有炎性细胞浸润。
实施例2
一种改善便秘的膳食,由以下成分组成:芝麻30g、燕麦50g、炒山楂20g、魔芋粉10g和低聚果糖10g;
制备方法为,将上述各成分的超微干粉,过100目筛后按重量比混合均匀,在120℃条件下,灭菌30min后制得。
测试本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食对老年小鼠便秘的影响,实施方法为:采用30只60周龄雄性昆明老年小鼠,随机分成5组,分别为空白对照组、硫糖铝组、硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组和高剂量膳食组;
其中:硫糖铝组灌胃硫糖铝13.40g/kg;硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组,灌胃硫糖铝13.40g/kg和本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食2.16g/kg;硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组,灌胃硫糖铝13.40g/kg和本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食10.8g/kg;高剂量膳食组,灌胃本实施例的可改善便秘的营养膳食10.8g/kg。
检测指标:
(1)测定首次排便时间、粪便粒数和粪便重量:给药前饥饿过夜,第一天给药后记录首次排出粪便的时间,即为首次排便时间;每日1次,连续2日给药,在第2次给药结束后,饥饿过夜,自由饮水,收集12h内排便量,称重,得到粪便粒数即粪便湿重;粪便以75℃烘箱处理4h,称重后得到粪便干重,通过粪便湿重、粪便干重以重量差计算含水量。
(2)测定碳末推进率:第3天以上述方法进行相应小鼠半量灌胃;给药30min后,对各组小鼠进行墨汁混悬液灌胃;20min后脱颈椎处死小鼠,解剖分离肠系膜取出小肠,置于白底平板上,在无张力作用的情况下以胃幽门处为起点量取“小肠总长度”,测量幽门至墨汁推进前端为“墨汁推进长度”,计算碳末推进率。
(3)观察肠道病理学形态变化:取实验小鼠小肠、大肠肠段H&E染色观察病理学形态变化。
(4)统计学数据处理:所有数据采用GraphPad Prism 5.01科学统计绘图软件进行分析,并以mean±SEM表示,组间和组内采用双向方差分析,最终以p<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
检测结果:
(1)如图2a所示,与空白组相比,单独给予硫糖铝组小鼠的首次排便时间无差异;与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组小鼠和的首次排便时间无差异,出现了小鼠死亡情况,小鼠的死亡率约为1/3;与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠的首次排便时间无差异,出现了小鼠死亡情况,小鼠的死亡率约为1/2;与空白组相比,单独给药高剂量膳食组后,也出现了小鼠死亡情况,小鼠的死亡率约为1/6,存活小鼠的粪便排出时间延长;解剖死亡小鼠,发现死亡小鼠出现肠胀气现象。
(2)如图2b所示,与空白组相比,单独给予硫糖组小鼠的排便量增加;与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组小鼠排便量有增加的趋势,但无统计学差异;与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠排便量明显减少;与空白组和硫糖铝组相比,高剂量膳食组小鼠的排便量均明显减少(p<0.05);与实施例1相比,老年小鼠各组的粪便量均高于青年小鼠。
(3)如图2c所示,添加有本实施例成分的硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组和高剂量膳食组的小鼠粪便含水量基本一致;与实施例1的青年小鼠相比,添加有本实施例成分的硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组和高剂量膳食组小鼠的粪便含水量均降低。
(4)如图2d所示,与空白组相比,硫糖铝组小鼠的碳末推进率增加;与硫糖铝组相比,硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组小鼠的碳末推进率降低;与硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组相比,硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠的碳末推进率增加;与空白组、硫糖铝组和硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组相比,单独添加高剂量膳食组小鼠的碳末推进率降低;与实施例1的青年小鼠相比,本实施例老年组小鼠的碳末推进率均低于青年组小鼠。
(5)如图4a所示,1、空白对照组小鼠小肠绒毛完整,杯状细胞丰富;2、硫糖铝组小鼠绒毛结构完整但杯状细胞数量减少;3、硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组小鼠的小肠绒毛出现断裂现象,结构遭到破坏,杯状细胞数量明显降低;4、高剂量膳食组小鼠的小肠绒毛出现断裂、脱落现象,结构遭到严重破坏,杯状细胞数量明显降低,基本消失不见。
(6)如图4b所示,1、空白对照组、硫糖铝组小鼠大肠粘膜上皮有少量炎性细胞浸润,杯状细胞较丰富;2、硫糖铝-低剂量膳食组、硫糖铝-高剂量膳食组大肠粘膜表层有缺损,炎性浸润巢明显增多,且与空白组相比,杯状细胞较空白组明显减少;3、高剂量膳食组小鼠大肠粘膜表层严重缺损,且与空白组相比,杯状细胞明显减少,并伴大量炎性细胞浸润。
本发明并不限于上述实例,在本发明的权利要求书所限定的范围内,本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可做出的各种变形或修改均受本专利的保护。
Claims (5)
1.一种改善便秘的膳食,其特征在于,由下述组分按重量份组成:芝麻30~50份、黑豆30~60份、炒山楂10~30份、魔芋粉5~30份和低聚果糖10~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改善便秘的膳食,其特征在于,由下述组分按重量份组成:芝麻50份、黑豆30份、炒山楂10份、魔芋粉5份和低聚果糖10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的改善便秘的膳食,其特征在于,由下述组分按重量份组成:芝麻30份、黑豆50份、炒山楂20份、魔芋粉10份和低聚果糖10份。
4.一种根据权利要求1~3中任一所述的改善便秘的膳食的制备方法,其特征在于,通过如下步骤制备而成:将芝麻、黑豆、炒山楂、魔芋粉和低聚果糖的超微干粉,过100目筛后按重量比混合均匀,灭菌后制得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的改善便秘的膳食的制备方法,其特征在于,所述灭菌条件为:在120℃条件下,灭菌30min。
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CN102008034A (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-13 | 卓雍皓 | 减肥通便营养代餐食品 |
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