CN111034484A

CN111034484A - Method for grafting plums on adult peach trees

Info

Publication number: CN111034484A
Application number: CN201911241942.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 党晓辉
Original assignee: Xian Senwas Agricultural Science and Technology Corp
Current assignee: Xian Senwas Agricultural Science and Technology Corp
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-04-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for grafting plums on adult peach trees, which comprises the steps of firstly selecting healthy adult peach trees, selecting trunks with luxuriant branches, cutting off branches on the trunks, reserving the trunks, then cutting down the trunks, and reserving the flat top surfaces of the trunks; selecting plum branches with a plurality of full buds, and storing the branches; cutting the top surface of the treated trunk along the central line of the trunk, then cutting down the bottom of the selected plum branches to form a wedge-shaped surface, finally inserting the plum branches into the cut of the trunk, wrapping the joint of the trunk and the plum branches by using a preservative film, and removing the preservative film after the plum branches grow tender shoots; the method has high grafting survival rate and realizes the grafting of adult fruit trees.

Description

Method for grafting plums on adult peach trees

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grafting, and relates to a method for grafting plums on adult peach trees.

Background

Grafting, which is one of artificial propagation methods of plants, namely grafting a branch or a bud of one plant to a stem or a root of another plant, and growing the two parts which are connected together into a complete plant; the grafting mode is divided into a branch grafting mode and a bud grafting mode, and the grafting is carried out by utilizing the function of wound healing after the plant is injured;

grafting is a kind of vegetative reproduction in vegetative propagation, and the scion should be tightly combined with the cambium of the rootstock during grafting so as to ensure the survival of the scion. The grafted branch or bud is called scion; the grafted plant is called stock or platform wood, when scion, a seedling with 2 to 4 buds is generally selected, and becomes the upper part or top of the plant after grafting, and the stock becomes the root part of the plant after grafting.

At present, agricultural production is rich, variety replacement is frequent, in rural areas where fruit production is abundant, the price of fruits can directly influence plant species of fruit growers, but when old varieties are cut off, the survival period of new varieties is long, economic benefits are low, and therefore the method for grafting on adult fruit trees is important.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for grafting plums on adult peach trees, which solves the problem that the survival period of the existing fruit trees is long when the varieties are changed, and can be directly grafted on the adult peach trees.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for grafting plums on adult peach trees is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, selecting a healthy adult peach tree, selecting a trunk with luxuriant branches, cutting off the branches on the trunk, reserving the trunk, then cutting down the trunk, and reserving a flat top surface of the trunk;

step 2, selecting plum branches with a plurality of plump buds, and storing the branches;

and 3, cutting the top surface of the trunk processed in the step 1 along the central line of the trunk, then cutting down the bottom of the plum branches selected in the step 2 to form a wedge-shaped surface, finally inserting the plum branches into the cut of the trunk, wrapping the joint of the trunk and the plum branches with a preservative film, and removing the preservative film after the plum branches grow tender shoots.

The invention is also characterized in that:

wherein the trunk with luxuriant branches selected in the step 1 is cut down to be 5-10 cm away from the trunk of the peach tree;

in the step 2, not less than 5 plump buds on the branches of the plums are obtained;

in the step 2, the branches need to be stored in sandy land at the temperature of 10-15 ℃ for 10-20 days;

watering sandy soil every 2-3 days during the preservation of the branches, and covering the branches with preservative films;

wherein in the step 3, before the branches of the plums are cut down, the branches are soaked at the bottoms of the branches by gibberellic acid solution;

wherein the soaking time is 30-40 min;

and in the step 3, the top surface of the trunk is cut into 2-5 cm along the central line of the trunk.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the method for grafting the plums on the adult peach trees, the variety of the fruit trees is better on the basis of the original mature peach trees, long-period cultivation is not needed, the grafted plums are good in taste, the peaches are juicy and sweet, the plum trees grow on the roots of the mature peaches, the taste is improved, and the survival rate is high.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The invention provides a method for grafting plums on adult peach trees, which is implemented by the following steps:

step 1, selecting a healthy adult peach tree, selecting a trunk with luxuriant branches, cutting off the branches on the trunk, reserving the trunk, then cutting down the trunk to 5-10 cm away from the trunk of the peach tree, and reserving a flat top surface of the trunk;

step 2, selecting plum branches with not less than 5 full buds, storing the branches in sandy soil at the temperature of 10-15 ℃ for 10-20 days, watering the sandy soil every 2-3 days during the storage of the branches, and covering the branches with a preservative film;

and 3, cutting the top surface of the trunk processed in the step 1 into 2-5 cm along the central line of the trunk, then cutting down the bottom of the plum branches selected in the step 2, soaking the branches in gibberellic acid solution for 30-40 min before cutting down the plum branches to cut down wedge-shaped surfaces, finally inserting the plum branches into the cuts of the trunk, wrapping the joints of the trunk and the plum branches with preservative films, and removing the preservative films after the plum branches grow tender shoots.

The gum secreted from peach tree trunk, commonly called peach gum, can be used as adhesive, etc., is a glycan substance, can be hydrolyzed to produce arabinose, galactose, xylose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, etc., and can be eaten and used for medicine, and has the effects of breaking blood, harmonizing blood and supplementing qi, the meat contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, vitamin B1, organic acid (mainly malic acid and citric acid), sugar (mainly glucose, fructose, cane sugar and xylose) and volatile oil, every 100 g of fresh peach contains 88% of water, about 0.7 g of protein, 11 g of carbohydrate and 180.0 kilojoule of heat. The peach is suitable for patients with hypokalemia and iron deficiency anemia;

the peach tree is used as the stock, the survival rate of the tree seedling is high, the taste is good, the flowering phase of the peach tree is early, the achievement phase is also relatively early, and therefore the growth cycle of the plum can be shortened.

The distance between the cut-off part and the trunk of the peach tree is reduced to 5-10 cm, the nutrient content of the cut-off part is high after the top end of the cut-off part is removed, and the cut-off part is suitable for growth of grafted seedlings;

the preservative film is covered to ensure that the vitality of the full buds is continuously vigorous, the survival of the buds in grafting is facilitated, and the water is not easy to lose;

the bottom of the branch is soaked in gibberellic acid solution, so that the survival rate of the full buds can be increased; the gibberellin has the advantages of hundred percent of effective rate on crops, lasting effect, higher efficiency, more stability, more safety, optimal spraying at the beginning of a seedling stage, developed root system and disease prevention, can remarkably promote the growth of stems and leaves of plants, can balance nutrition if being sprayed at a growth stage, is beneficial to the growth vigor of the crops, can protect flowers and fruits and also can make the fruits swell and have a fruit beautifying effect if being sprayed at a full-bloom stage of cotton, can effectively reduce the dropping of buds and bolls, improves the boll-bearing rate and can effectively relieve the diseases of the crops. The most prominent function of gibberellin is to accelerate cell elongation (gibberellin can increase the content of auxin in plants, and auxin directly regulates the elongation of cells), promote cell division, promote cell expansion (but does not cause acidification of cell walls), and inhibit maturation, lateral bud dormancy, aging and tuber formation.

Claims

1. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees according to claim 1, wherein the trunk with luxuriant branches selected in the step 1 is cut down to 5-10 cm away from the trunk of the peach tree.

3. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the number of filled buds on branches of the plums is not less than 5.

4. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the branches are preserved in sand at the preservation temperature of 10-15 ℃ for 10-20 days.

5. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees, according to claim 4, wherein the branches are watered on sandy soil every 2-3 days during storage, and the branches are covered with preservative films.

6. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, before the branches of the plums are pruned, the branches are soaked at the bottoms of the branches with gibberellic acid solution.

7. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees according to claim 6, wherein the soaking time is 30-40 min.

8. The method for grafting plums on adult peach trees according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is performed by cutting the top surface of the trunk into the trunk along the midline by 2-5 cm.