CN111032550A - 衬里滚筒 - Google Patents

衬里滚筒 Download PDF

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CN111032550A
CN111032550A CN201880019187.6A CN201880019187A CN111032550A CN 111032550 A CN111032550 A CN 111032550A CN 201880019187 A CN201880019187 A CN 201880019187A CN 111032550 A CN111032550 A CN 111032550A
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M·洛基宁
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Picot Solutions Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/18—Appliances for use in repairing pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0073—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor of non-flat surfaces, e.g. curved, profiled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
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    • B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
    • B65H75/40—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable
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    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
    • B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
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    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/26—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces
    • B29C63/34—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using tubular layers or sheathings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/006—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/33—Hollow or hose-like material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
    • F16L55/1651—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section the flexible liner being everted

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Abstract

公开了衬里滚筒(10)，其具有管状体(20)，该管状体具有开口端，用于压缩空气的入口(22)和用于衬里(60)的出口(23)。衬里滚筒(10)具有可拆卸地附接到管状体(20)上的端部件(31，32)，用于封闭管状体(20)的开口端，管状体(20)内部的可旋转轴(51)和用于旋转轴(51)的曲柄(33)。端部件(31，32)具有弹簧加载的法兰安装件，其中弹簧(41)的偏压将法兰安装件推向管状体(20)和法兰安装件的关闭位置，并且衬里滚筒(10)内的空气压力将法兰安装件推离管状体(20)并推向法兰安装件的打开位置。

Description

衬里滚筒
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于翻新管道的衬里滚筒，特别是用于在现有管中安装衬里的衬里滚筒。
背景技术
建筑物和地下安装的管道可以在无需打开结构或挖掘地面的情况下进行修复。非开挖修复可以快速，持久地修复建筑物和地下管道内的管。通过使用空气压力将衬里倒拱到管中，利用倒拱滚筒将树脂浸渍的衬里安装在管中。通常，首先用合成树脂浸渍塑料涂覆的聚酯毡管，即衬里。浸渍的衬里在一端封闭并缠绕在围绕轴的衬里滚筒内。衬里的开口端固定在衬里滚筒的出口周围。当加压空气供应到衬里滚筒时，由于气压的影响，衬里开始在衬里滚筒内突出，并且通过旋转轴将衬里从轴上展开使得衬里开始延伸穿过衬里滚筒的出口而将突出的衬里引导到待修复的管中。
一旦安装了衬里，空气压力保持在升高的水平，直到衬里内的树脂沉降并且衬里形成抵靠旧管的内表面的刚性管。现有技术的衬里滚筒由几个金属部件焊接在一起。当衬里处于开放空间时，衬里通常可承受衬里内80kPa至200kPa的压力而不会破裂。在密闭空间中，衬里没有空间膨胀或破裂。因此，压力可以比上述压力间隔高得多。对于这些情况，衬里滚筒已配备安全阀，当衬里滚筒内的空气压力达到100-300kPa(具体取决于衬里滚筒)时，安全阀打开。供给衬里滚筒的空气压缩机的典型输出范围为800-1000kPa。除了衬里本身的安全阀之外，通常在空气压缩机和衬里滚筒之间使用压力调节器作为第三安全特征。
与上述现有技术装置相关的一个问题是，即使三个独立的安全特征也不能防止由于在衬里滚筒内部积聚的过大压力而引起的衬里滚筒的爆炸。衬里滚筒内部缠结的衬里会阻挡出口和安全阀。衬里滚筒爆炸可能是一次致命的事故，必须不惜一切代价避免。
发明概述
本发明的一个目的是提供一种低压衬里滚筒，其使用比现有技术的衬里滚筒更安全，因为衬里滚筒的结构使得不会在衬里滚筒内积聚过度或危险的高压。
本发明的布置的一个优点在于，由于压力释放装置不会被装置内部的衬里阻挡，所以装置使用是安全的。
附图说明
在下文中，参考附图借助于优选实施方案更详细地描述本发明，其中
图1是根据本发明的实施方案的衬里滚筒的等距透视图；
图2A是根据本发明的衬里滚筒处于关闭位置的正面剖视图；
图2B是图2A的剖视图的详细视图；
图3A是图2A所示的本发明的衬里滚筒处于打开位置的正面剖视图；
图3B是图3A的剖视图的详细视图；
图4是根据本发明的衬里滚筒的正面侧视图；并且
图5是根据本发明的衬里滚筒的顶视图；
发明详述
图1-5示出了根据本发明的实施方案的衬里滚筒10。优选地，该实施方案的衬里滚筒包括在两端开口的管状体20。管状体也可以在一端封闭并且相对的一端是敞开的。管状体还包括在其外周表面上用于接收压缩空气的入口22和用于衬里60的出口23，衬里60设置在管状体20内部以从衬里滚筒10出来。优选地，管状体20还包括检查窗口21，在衬里滚筒的使用过程中，检查窗口21提供衬里滚筒内部的视野，使得当衬里挤出或移动通过出口23时，观察者可以看到衬里在管状体内部如何旋转。另外，用于承载衬里滚筒10的手柄24可以附接在管状体20的外侧。
衬里滚筒10具有至少一个端部件，但是在所示实施方案中，有两个端部件31,32。优选地，两个端部件31,32可拆卸地附接到管状体20上，从而封闭管状体的开口端。在一个实施方案中，一个端部件紧固或固定到管状体上，而相对的端部件可拆卸地附接到管状体上。管状体20和端部件31,32限定了封闭容器，该容器具有入口22和出口23，该入口22由用于接收压缩空气的空气供应软管(未示出)堵塞，并且当衬里滚筒10在使用时，随着衬里移动进入待修复的管，衬套延伸通过出口23。因此，通过经由入口22将空气供应到衬里滚筒中，空气供应软管可用于增加衬里滚筒内的空气压力。
衬里滚筒10还具有设置在管状体20内部的可旋转轴装置51,52，优选地在管状体的中间，在管状体的开口端的中心之间延伸。在管的翻新过程之前，衬里60在轴51上卷起。轴装置优选地附接到衬里滚筒10的端部件31,32，使得轴装置从端部件31,32向内延伸。轴装置优选地利用轴承54可旋转地附接到端部件31上，使得轴装置的部分可以相对于端部件31容易地旋转。更具体地，轴装置优选地包括例如中空的可旋转轴51，其从端部件32的中心向内朝向相对的端部件31的中心延伸。细长的引导件52在轴承54处固定地附接到相对的端部件31的中心并向内朝向端部件32的中心延伸使得引导件52至少部分地插入中空的可旋转轴51内。然而，可旋转轴51不一定必须是中空的，并且引导件52可以附接到相对的端部件31上并且具有限定在其中的空腔，用于接收和容纳可旋转轴51的端部。轴装置确保可旋转轴51可以旋转以卷入和卷出衬里60，并且端部件31,32可以移动而进一步分开，同时保持轴装置的功能，这是因为轴51和引导件52可以相对于彼此轴向滑动，如下面详细说明的那样。
曲柄33优选地设置在管状体20的外侧和端部件32的外侧。曲柄33固定或连接到轴装置的可旋转轴51的端部56，用于在管状提20内旋转轴装置的可旋转轴51。换句话说，通过旋转曲柄33，轴51也旋转而不旋转端部件32或端部件31。轴51的远端部分58能够与轴承54旋转接合，因此，当轴51旋转时，端部件31保持静止。而且，轴51相对于插入到轴51的远端部分58中的引导件52旋转，因为引导件52优选地固定地附接到端部件31的内部并且尺寸被设计成插入到中空轴51中。
待安装到待翻新管中的衬里60可以首先通过旋转曲柄33而缠绕在可旋转轴51上，相应地，通过沿相反方向旋转曲柄，衬里60可以从旋转轴51上展开。如上所述，待安装的衬里60位于衬里滚筒10中并通过出口23从管状体20出来。首先，衬里60的开口端在出口23外表面上被拉动而翻过来，即倒拱，并且紧靠出口23的外表面夹紧，使得衬里60能够承受衬里内的压力增加而不从出口23释放。
为了防止衬里滚筒10内的空气压力过度或危险地增加，已经开发了一种用于衬里滚筒的新型减压系统或膨胀机构。令人惊讶和出乎意料地发现，端部件中的至少一个可以可拆卸地或可滑动地附接到衬里滚筒上并通过合适的偏置机构(例如弹簧)紧紧地保持在衬里滚筒10上，如下面更详细地描述的。本发明的衬里滚筒10具有至少一个端部件，例如端部件32，其配备有弹簧加载的膨胀机构，当衬里滚筒10内部积聚压力时，该膨胀机构允许端部件32略微打开，从而限定在管状体20和端部件32之间的小间隙62(在图3A-3B中最清楚地看到)。应该理解，本发明不限于仅在端部件32上具有膨胀机构并且端部件31也可以配备膨胀机构。当衬里滚筒10内的空气压力超过限定的极限时，由空气压力引起的力超过由诸如弹簧41的偏置装置引起的相反的力或偏压，使得空气可以通过间隙从衬里滚筒10泄漏出来来减小衬里滚筒10内的空气压力。因此，通过轴51相对于引导件52的轴向运动产生间隙62，使得端部件32远离衬里滚筒10移动以在它们之间产生间隙62。在端部突起35内还发生轴向运动。图2A-2B和图3A-3B示出了手柄24处的突起25,35的细节，但是位于管状体20的外周边周围的其他突起(在图1中最佳示出)是相同的。当衬里滚筒10内的空气压力超过极限时，端部突起35也相对于诸如螺栓40的细长体轴向移动，该细长体紧固或拧入限定在突起25中的开口64中以将端部突起35(以及因此端部件32)保持到管状体20。一个重要特征是，当衬里滚筒10内部的压力超过预定极限时，端部突起35可以克服弹簧41的偏压力而相对于螺栓40滑动。图2B示出了端部突起35的接触表面68密封地接合突起25的密封表面66，从而在它们之间形成气密密封。图3B示出了接触表面68与密封表面66分离，使得在它们之间产生间隙62，并且弹簧41被衬里滚筒10内的过大空气压力压缩。
当衬里滚筒10有足够的空气泄漏并且衬里滚筒10内的压力降低到极限以下并且气压不再超过弹簧41的偏压力时，膨胀机构的弹簧加载密封表面66，再次抵靠表面68并且空气泄漏结束。换句话说，当衬里滚筒10内的空气压力太高时，它克服了弹簧的偏压并使膨胀机构从关闭位置(图2A-2B)移动到打开位置(图3A-3B)。重要的是，弹簧41的偏压力足够强以承受将衬里安装到待翻新的管中所需的空气压力。弹簧41应仅允许超过预定极限的压力，以防止在衬里滚筒10内部产生危险的高的空气压力。当空气压力降低到衬里滚筒10内的预定极限以下时，弹簧41的偏压力克服空气压力并将膨胀机构从打开位置移回到关闭位置。优选地，非粘性密封件70设置在管状体20和每个端部件31,32之间。密封件70可以是例如由硅树脂制成的环，其装配到表面66的凹槽72中。
在优选实施方案中，至少一个，更优选两个端部件31,32通过弹簧加载的膨胀机构可拆卸地附接到管状体20上，如图1-5所示。端部件31,32可以是例如盲法兰，在端部件的外侧具有凸形形状和/或在端部件的内侧具有凹形形状并且包括靠近端部件的周边的螺栓孔。在一个实施方案中，端部件具有突起35，突起35包括用于在其中接收螺栓的孔。管状体20还具有带螺纹腔的突起25，使得螺栓40可以通过端部件的螺栓孔拧入管状体的螺纹腔中。螺栓40的长度应足够长，使得螺栓不会将端部件紧固在管状体20上。螺栓头和每个端部件31,32之间的间隙为1至30mm是优选的。间隙优选地由每个端部件的端部突起35围绕，从而在端部突起35内限定用于弹簧41的腔74。螺栓40的杆76穿过弹簧41并且优选地在弹簧41和螺栓头78之间使用垫圈42。应该注意的是，螺栓头78靠在垫圈42上并且不能滑过垫圈42。然而，端部突起35具有限定在其中的开口80，开口80的尺寸适合于紧密地但可滑动地接受螺栓头78，使得当衬里滚筒10在打开位置和关闭位置之间移动时，螺栓头78可以在开口80中滑动，反之亦然。可以调节弹簧41的材料、长度和其它性质，以限定克服弹簧偏压并打开膨胀机构以便从衬里滚筒内部释放空气的空气压力极限。优选使用螺旋弹簧。当膨胀机构打开时，空气通过大面积泄漏，衬里滚筒内的衬里几乎不可能完全阻挡这种漏气。在一个实施方案中，可以类似地使用在端部件内具有弹簧加载的膨胀机构的较小的盲法兰，但是即使较小的膨胀机构也应该比出口23大，以确保在过大压力的情况下衬里永远不会阻挡空气的泄漏。在图1所示的实施方案中，突起25和端部突起35示出为位于管状体20的外表面上。还可以将突起25,35定位在管状体20的内表面上。还可以将突起25,35定位在管状体20的壁中，使得突起的一部分在内侧径向向内延伸并在外侧表面上径向向外延伸。上述原理适用于图1-5中所示的所有突起25,35。
本发明实现了能够预先确定绝对不应超过的衬里滚筒内的气压极限的步骤，以避免在衬里滚筒内部积聚危险的高压。这允许在管状体20和端部件31,32中使用不同的材料。除了铝之外，还可用安全地使用聚合物和例如橡胶。例如，管状体20和端部件31,32可以由透明的聚碳酸酯制成，这使得使用者在衬里滚筒10内部具有极好的视野。当使用较软的材料时，螺纹和其他关键部件可以用金属插件加固。
虽然已经根据优选的组合物和实施方案描述了本发明，但是应该理解，在不脱离所附权利要求的精神和范围的情况下，可以对其进行某些替换和改变。

Claims (7)

1.衬里滚筒，包括：
管状体，具有至少一个开口端，该管状体具有限定在其中的入口和出口；
端部件，可拆卸地附接到所述管状体的开口端，所述端部件能够在关闭所述管状体的开口端的关闭位置与打开所述管状体的开口端的打开位置之间移动；
旋转轴装置，设置在所述管状体内并从所述端部件延伸，所述轴装置具有轴和引导件；
曲柄，设置在所述管状体的外部并固定到所述轴装置上，用于旋转所述轴装置的轴，并且
所述端部件具有弹簧加载的端部突起，所述端部突起与所述管状体的突起可操作地接合，所述端部件通过使所述轴相对于所述引导件克服所述弹簧加载的端部突起的偏压力轴向滑动而能够在关闭位置和打开位置之间移动，当所述端部件处于打开位置时，所述端部件和管状体具有限定在其中的间隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的衬里滚筒，其中，所述管状体具有限定在其中的两个开口端，并且所述衬里滚筒具有可拆卸地附接到所述管状体的两个端部件。
3.根据权利要求1所述的衬里滚筒，其中，所述端部件利用所述弹簧加载的端部突起可移除地附接到所述管状体。
4.根据权利要求2所述的衬里滚筒，其中，两个端部件通过所述弹簧加载的端部突起可拆卸地附接到管状体上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的衬里滚筒，其中，所述弹簧加载的端部突起通过螺栓可移动地附接到所述突起，所述螺栓能相对于所述端部突起轴向移动，所述螺栓具有弹簧，所述弹簧将所述端部件推向所述管状体。
6.根据权利要求1所述的衬里滚筒，其中，在所述管状体与所述端部件之间设置有非粘性密封件。
7.根据权利要求2所述的衬里滚筒，其中，所述轴装置具有中空的可旋转轴，所述中空的可旋转轴从所述端部件的中心朝向相对的端部件的中心延伸，并且所述引导件固定地紧固到所述相对的端部件的中心并且朝向所述端部件的中心延伸，并且所述引导件至少部分地插入所述中空的可旋转轴内。
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