CN111022163A - 用于排气后处理的设备以及用于运行设备的方法 - Google Patents

用于排气后处理的设备以及用于运行设备的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111022163A
CN111022163A CN201910922995.XA CN201910922995A CN111022163A CN 111022163 A CN111022163 A CN 111022163A CN 201910922995 A CN201910922995 A CN 201910922995A CN 111022163 A CN111022163 A CN 111022163A
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Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
combustion
dosage
fuel
exhaust
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CN201910922995.XA
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CN111022163B (zh
Inventor
托马斯·罗兰
埃德温·克罗伊茨贝格
马库斯·希力格
迈克尔·穆勒
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Thomas Magnete GmbH
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Thomas Magnete GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • F04B17/048Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the fluid flowing around the moving part of the motor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/013Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in series
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B13/00Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/02Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/04Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F04B23/06Combinations of two or more pumps the pumps being all of reciprocating positive-displacement type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/04Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric, e.g. electrostatic, device other than a heater
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/05Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a magnetic, e.g. electromagnetic, device other than a valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/14Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F01N2270/04Mixing air with exhaust gases for afterburning
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • F01N2340/06Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1406Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1433Pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
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    • F01N2610/144Control thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
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    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1804Properties of secondary air added directly to the exhaust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1806Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
    • F01N2900/1821Injector parameters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1806Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
    • F01N2900/1822Pump parameters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于对燃烧发动机(2)进行排气后处理的设备(1),该设备具有用于燃料的储箱(3)、流体输送装置和排气导管(11);以及一种用于运行该设备(1)的方法。根据本发明提出的是,该流体输送装置具有两个剂量泵(5,12),其中电磁驱动的第一剂量泵(5)能够藉由喷射装置(6)或蒸发器(7)供应由该电磁驱动的第一剂量泵从该储箱(3)取出的燃料,并且其中该喷射装置(6)或该蒸发器(7)能够将该燃料送入该排气导管(11)中,并且其中电磁驱动的第二剂量泵(12)能够将由其从该储箱取出的燃料供应给燃烧装置(13),其中该燃烧装置(13)与能够为其供应空气的压缩机(10)处于连接中,并且其中该燃烧装置(13)能够将其燃烧产物送入该排气导管(11)中。

Description

用于排气后处理的设备以及用于运行设备的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于对燃烧发动机进行排气后处理的设备,该设备具有用于燃料的储箱、流体输送装置和燃烧发动机的排气导管。
背景技术
用于排气后处理的设备是已知的并且广泛流行的。在已知的并且有效的设备类型中,将额外的燃料喷射到排气管路中,并且借助剩余的氧气在排气中燃烧。为此需要以适合的方式布置喷射装置并且需要足够长的混合距离,以获得令人满意的效果,尤其排气温度的提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,向排气导管中引入燃料并且取决于燃烧发动机的运行状态使用适合的、不同的手段,以便精细地分配燃料或在已经燃烧的状态下改变燃烧发动机的排气的温度和成分。
本发明的解决方案通过具有第一权利要求的特征的设备以及通过具有独立权利要求10的特征的方法来实现。
本发明包括以下技术传授内容:流体输送装置具有两个剂量泵,其中电磁驱动的第一剂量泵能够藉由喷射装置或蒸发器供应由该电磁驱动的第一剂量泵从该储箱取出的燃料,并且其中该喷射装置或该蒸发器能够将该燃料送入该排气导管中。
电磁驱动的第二剂量泵能够将由其从该储箱取出的燃料供应给燃烧装置,其中该燃烧装置与能够为其供应空气的压缩机处于连接中,并且其中该燃烧装置能够将其燃烧产物送入该排气导管中。
因为存在两个剂量泵,因此可以以简单且受控制的方式来适配依赖于燃烧发动机的运行条件将燃料引入排气管路中的方法。电磁驱动的剂量泵允许以非常简单的方式调节每个时间单元的输送量,即通过调节电磁体处电信号的频率。
从属权利要求包含本发明的有利改进方案。
有利地,在第一实施方式中,根据本发明的设备具有排气涡轮增压器,该排气涡轮增压器由该压缩机和由燃烧发动机的排气驱动的涡轮机组成,其中该压缩机还能够提供该燃烧装置提供所需的空气。
当存在排气涡轮增压器时,这形成供应目的的非常低价的解决方案。
在第二实施方式中,根据本发明的设备具有由电动机驱动的压缩机,当接通了该电动机时,该压缩机能够提供该燃烧装置提供所需的空气。
在此解决方案中,不依赖于排气涡轮增压器并且具有用于接通和切断空气流的简单的可能性。
有利地,喷射装置具有电磁致动的喷射阀、喷嘴和进入排气导管的出口。
替代于喷射装置,可以设置有蒸发器,该蒸发器可以将燃料引入排气导管中,其中蒸发器以已知的方式由壳体、电加热的预热棒、用于燃料的入口和出口组成。
当排气具有足够高的温度时,喷射装置或蒸发器使得所引入的燃料与排气很好地混合。
同样有利地,燃烧装置具有用于将空气与燃料混合的混合装置以及燃烧室,其中有利地,该燃烧室与该排气导管经由旁通管路处于流体连接。
当排气仍然具有相当低的温度时,提出使用燃烧物。
优选地,这些电磁驱动的剂量泵被实施为往复活塞泵,其中电磁体相应地抵抗复位弹簧驱动平移作用的挤压器单元。
往复活塞泵构造得非常简单并且允许以非常简单的方式通过改变控制频率来改变每个时间单元上的输送量。
这些剂量泵有利地被实施为在内部被流经的往复活塞泵,其中该电磁体的磁体线圈能够各自被由该剂量泵输送的燃料流经。
由于在内部被流经的往复活塞泵的构造方式,往复活塞的动态作用的密封是不必要的,由此实现对剂量泵的非常可靠的向外密封。
有利地,这些剂量泵各自具有与挤压器单元的往复活塞力配合或形状配合地连接的锁止装置,该锁止装置以与配合元件共同作用的方式在剂量泵的由复位弹簧预先确定的静止状态下防止流经剂量泵(当相应的电磁体未通电时)。由此,在静止状态下防止燃料的续流或在静止状态下防止燃料的回流。
有利地,根据本发明的设备具有温度传感器,该温度传感器将该排气导管中的气体温度报告给由程序控制的电控制器,其中该电控制器分别给这些剂量泵的电磁体施加由脉冲激发的电流,并且其中由脉冲激发的电流可以相对于这两个电磁体具有不同的电流强度和不同的脉冲频率。在此,脉冲频率确定剂量泵的每个时间单元上的输送量。
为了运行根据本发明的设备,构成流体输送装置的两个剂量泵分别藉由由程序控制的电控制器暂时被施加脉冲化的电流,其中该电控制器自身是该燃烧发动机的发动机控制器或与该燃烧发动机的发动机控制器处于操作性连接中,并且能够处理关于该燃烧发动机的负载和排气温度的状态信息。
在此,该电控制器以根据程序确定的方式依赖于所述的状态信息仅在如下情况下给该第一剂量泵施加脉冲化的电流:该排气温度在该排气导管中高到使得该燃料至少部分地在该喷射装置的出口处蒸发。
优选地,用于施加给第一剂量泵的脉冲化电流的频率由电控制器以根据程序确定的方式依赖于以上所提及的状态信息来确定。该频率确定每个时间单元上的输送量。
此外优选地,该电控制器被编程为:在以下情况下,即用于供应该喷射装置的该第一剂量泵由于排气温度过低而没有或仅以很低的频率被施加由脉冲激发的电流,替代于此该第二剂量泵被施加由脉冲激发的电流,以便给该燃烧装置供应燃料,其中同时,由该电控制器来激活向该燃烧装置提供来自压缩机的空气。
本发明的其他细节、特征和优点将从借助附图的以下说明中得出。
附图说明
在附图中:
图1示出根据本发明的设备的示意性图示,该设备具有喷射装置、燃烧装置和温度传感器。
图2示出根据本发明的设备的示意性图示,该设备具有燃烧装置和蒸发器。
图3示出排气涡轮增压器的示意图。
图4示出电动驱动的压缩机的示意图。
图5示出喷射装置的示意图。
图6示出燃烧装置的示意图。
图7示出剂量泵的示意图。
具体实施方式
用于对燃烧发动机(2)进行排气后处理的根据本发明的设备(1)(根据图1) 具有用于燃料的储箱(3)、流体输送装置和排气导管(11),并且尤其包括两个剂量泵(5,12)作为流体输送装置,其中电磁驱动的第一剂量泵(5)可以经由第一管路 (32)和喷射装置(6)或图2中示出的蒸发器(7)供应由该电磁驱动的第一剂量泵从储箱(3)中取出的燃料,该第一管路和该喷射装置或该蒸发器可以将燃料送入排气导管(11)中。
在此,电磁驱动的第二剂量泵(12)可以将由其从储箱(3)中取出的燃料经由第二管路(31)供应给燃烧装置(13),其中该燃烧装置(13)经由空气管路(8)与可以为该燃烧装置供应空气的压缩机(10)处于连接中,并且其中该燃烧装置(13) 能够将其燃烧产物送入该排气导管(11)中。
图2中示出的根据本发明的设备(1)具有燃烧装置(13),该燃烧装置是以与设备(1)的其他部件相距明显的空间距离的方式布置的,并且燃烧产物经由旁通管路 (9)被引入排气导管(11)中。
在根据图3的实施方式中,压缩机(10)与由燃烧发动机(2)的排气驱动的涡轮机(15)联接,它们共同构成排气涡轮增压器(14)。压缩机(10)也可以经由空气管路(8)来提供燃烧装置(13)所需的空气。
在根据图4的实施方式中,压缩机(10)由电动马达(28)驱动。当接通了电动马达(28)时,压缩机(10)可以经由空气管路(8)提供燃烧装置(13)所需的空气。
根据图5,喷射装置(6)具有由电磁体器件(33)致动的喷射阀(29)、喷嘴(18) 和进入排气导管(11)的出口(19)。
根据图6,燃烧装置(13)具有用于将空气和燃料混合的混合装置(16)以及燃烧室(17),其中燃烧室(17)与排气导管(11)优选地经由旁通管路(9)处于流体连接。
电磁驱动的剂量泵(5,12)优选被实施为往复活塞泵,如图7所示。在此,电磁体(20,20’)相应地相对于复位弹簧(25)驱动平移作用的挤压器单元(21)。
剂量泵(5,12)有利地被实施为在内部被流经的往复活塞泵,其中由剂量泵(5,12)中的一个剂量泵输送的燃料可以相应地流经电磁体(20)的磁体线圈(22)并且在此冷却该磁体线圈。
有利地,剂量泵(5,12)各自具有与挤压器单元(21)的往复活塞(23)力配合或形状配合地连接的锁止装置(24),该锁止装置以与配合元件(26)共同作用的方式在剂量泵(5,12)的由复位弹簧(25)预先确定的静止状态下防止流经剂量泵 (5,12)(当相应的电磁体(20,20’)未通电时)。
有利地,根据图1的根据本发明的设备(1)具有温度传感器(27),该温度传感器将排气导管(11)中的气体温度报告给由程序控制的电控制器(30),其中电控制器(30)相应地给剂量泵(5,12)的电磁体(20,20’)施加由脉冲激发的电流,并且其中由脉冲激发的电流可以相对于两个电磁体(20,20’)具有不同的电流强度和不同的脉冲频率。
根据本发明的上述描述仅用于说明的目的,而不用于限制本发明的目的。在本发明的框架下,在不脱离本发明的范围及其等效内容的情况下,不同的改变和修改是可能的。
附图标记清单
1 设备
2 燃烧发动机
3 储箱
5 剂量泵
6 喷射装置
7 蒸发器
8 空气管路
9 旁通管路
10 压缩机
11 排气导管
12 剂量泵
13 燃烧装置
14 排气涡轮增压器
15 涡轮机
16 混合装置
17 燃烧室
18 喷嘴
19 出口
20 电磁体
21 挤压器单元
22 磁体线圈
23 往复活塞
24 锁止装置
25 复位弹簧
26 配合元件
27 温度传感器
28 电动机
29 喷射阀
30 电控制器
31 用于燃料的管路
32 用于燃料的管路
33 电磁体器件

Claims (12)

1.一种用于对燃烧发动机(2)进行排气后处理的设备(1),该设备具有用于燃料的储箱(3)、流体输送装置和排气导管(11),
其特征在于,该流体输送装置具有两个剂量泵(5,12),其中电磁驱动的第一剂量泵(5)能够藉由喷射装置(6)或蒸发器(7)供应由该电磁驱动的第一剂量泵从该储箱(3)取出的燃料,并且其中该喷射装置(6)或该蒸发器(7)能够将该燃料送入该排气导管(11)中,
并且其中电磁驱动的第二剂量泵(12)能够将由其从该储箱(3)取出的燃料供应给燃烧装置(13),其中该燃烧装置(13)与能够为其供应空气的压缩机(10)处于连接中,
并且其中该燃烧装置(13)能够将其燃烧产物送入该排气导管(11)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备(1),其特征在于,该设备(1)具有排气涡轮增压器(14),该排气涡轮增压器由该压缩机(10)和由该燃烧发动机(2)的排气驱动的涡轮机(15)组成,其中此外该压缩机(10)能够提供该燃烧装置(13)所需的空气。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备(1),其特征在于,该设备(1)具有由电动机(28)驱动的压缩机(10),该压缩机能够在接通了电动机(28)时提供该燃烧装置(13)所需的空气。
4.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备(1),其特征在于,该喷射装置(6)具有由电磁体器件(33)致动的喷射阀(29)、喷嘴(18)和出口(19),其中该出口(19)与该排气导管(11)相连接。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备(1),其特征在于,该燃烧装置(13)具有用于将空气和燃料混合的混合装置(16)以及燃烧室(17),其中燃烧室(17)与排气导管(11)经由旁通管路(9)处于流体连接。
6.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备(1),其特征在于,这些电磁驱动的剂量泵(5,12)被实施为往复活塞泵,其中电磁体(20,20’)各自抵抗复位弹簧(25,25’)驱动平移作用的挤压器单元(21,21’)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备(1),其特征在于,这些剂量泵(5,12)被实施为在内部被流经的往复活塞泵,其中该电磁体(20,20’)的磁体线圈(22,22’)能够各自被由该剂量泵(5,12)输送的燃料流经。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的设备(1),其特征在于,这些剂量泵(5,12)分别具有与该挤压器单元(21)的往复活塞(23)力配合或形状配合地连接的锁止装置(24),该锁止装置以与配合元件(26)共同作用的方式在相应的电磁体(20,20’)未通电时、在这些剂量泵(5,12)的由复位弹簧(25)预先确定的静止状态下防止流经这些剂量泵(5,12)。
9.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备(1),其特征在于,该设备具有温度传感器(27),该温度传感器将该排气导管(11)中的气体温度报告给由程序控制的电控制器(30),其中该电控制器(30)相应地给这些剂量泵(5,12)的电磁体(20,20’)施加由脉冲激发的电流,并且其中由脉冲激发的电流能够相对于两个电磁体(20,20’)具有不同的电流强度和不同的脉冲频率。
10.一种用于运行用于对燃烧发动机(2)进行排气后处理的设备(1)的方法,其中该设备(1)具有用于燃料的储箱(3)、流体输送装置、喷射装置(6)、燃烧装置(13)和排气导管(11),
其特征在于,
构成该流体输送装置的两个剂量泵(5,12)藉由由程序控制的电控制器(30)暂时被施加脉冲化的电流,其中该电控制器(30)自身是该燃烧发动机(2)的发动机控制器或与该燃烧发动机(2)的发动机控制器处于连接中,并且能够处理关于该燃烧发动机(2)的负载和排气的温度的状态信息,
并且其中该电控制器(30)以根据程序确定的方式依赖于所述的状态信息仅在如下情况下给该第一剂量泵(5)施加脉冲化的电流:该排气温度在该排气导管(11)中高到使得该燃料至少部分地在该喷射装置(6)的出口(19)处蒸发。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用于运行用于对燃烧发动机(2)进行排气后处理的设备(1)的方法,其特征在于,用于给该第一剂量泵(5)施加的脉冲化电流的频率由该电控制器(30)以根据程序确定的方式依赖于关于该燃烧发动机(2)的负载和排气温度的状态信息来确定。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的用于运行用于对燃烧发动机(2)进行排气后处理的设备(1)的方法,其特征在于,该电控制器(30)在以下情况下,即用于供应该喷射装置(6)的该第一剂量泵(5)由于排气温度过低而没有或仅以很低的频率被施加由脉冲激发的电流,替代于此给该第二剂量泵(12)施加由脉冲激发的电流,以便给该燃烧装置(13)供应燃料,其中同时,由该电控制器(30)来激活向该燃烧装置(13)提供来自压缩机(10)的空气。
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