CN111011625A - Pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011625A CN111011625A CN201911279401.4A CN201911279401A CN111011625A CN 111011625 A CN111011625 A CN 111011625A CN 201911279401 A CN201911279401 A CN 201911279401A CN 111011625 A CN111011625 A CN 111011625A
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- fattening pigs
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- free feed
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs, which comprises the following steps: heating the palm oil to be completely melted, adding an emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil; crushing and sieving broussonetia papyrifera roots, soaking in water, filtering, performing puffing treatment, adding pretreated palm oil, performing primary homogenization treatment, performing secondary homogenization treatment, and performing tertiary homogenization treatment to obtain puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots; pulverizing semen Maydis, semen glycines, testa Tritici, semen Arachidis Hypogaeae meal, and semen Setariae, sieving, adding semen Pini powder and folium Perillae dry powder, adding water, adding probiotic preparation, and performing shake fermentation at 30-35 deg.C for 2-6h to obtain a prefabricated material; adding puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, whey powder, soybean oil, salt, choline chloride, methionine, threonine, lysine, vitamin premix, trace element premix and traditional Chinese medicine additive into the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, sealing, standing, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, in particular to pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Pork is an important food source in our lives, and with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, higher requirements are put forward on the quality of pork, and more consumers like to select pork with high lean meat percentage and low fat and cholesterol content. At present, the traditional pig feed cannot well control the contents of fat and cholesterol of pig carcasses, the matching of raw materials in daily ration directly influences the nutritional level of the feed, and the nutritional level is an important factor for regulating and controlling the quality of the pig carcasses. In order to improve the disease resistance of livestock and poultry, the application of antibiotics in feed creates a revolution of the breeding industry and the feed industry, the large-scale breeding is rapidly developed in the world, and the production quantity of animals and the feed conversion rate are greatly improved.
The growing and fattening pigs refer to the stage that piglets enter a growth house for feeding after the nursery is finished until the piglets are slaughtered, generally for 16.5 weeks (about 70-180 days old), and the development characteristics of the pigs at the stage are that the growth and development of bones and muscles are gradually reduced, the fat deposition capability is strong, and pork flavor substances are gradually deposited; the fattening pig has the advantages of strong appetite, vigorous digestive function, strong feed digestive ability, and strong adaptability and resistance to the external severe environment. The quality of the feed and the deposition level of flavor substances in pork are key factors determining the breeding benefit of the fattening pigs.
The traditional fattening pig compound feed mainly takes high-quality protein feeds such as peanut meal and the like to improve the quality of the compound feed, and a large amount of feed additives such as antibiotics, chemosynthetic drugs and the like are added to achieve the effects of resisting bacteria and promoting growth; the antibiotics and the chemical synthetic drugs are used in the feed for the growing-finishing pigs for a long time, so that the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is continuously enhanced, the effective addition amount of the antibiotics and the chemical synthetic drugs in the feed is continuously increased, the autoimmunity of the growing-finishing pigs is low, and the production performance of the growing-finishing pigs is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs and the preparation method thereof.
A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating the palm oil to be completely melted, adding an emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) crushing and sieving paper mulberry roots, soaking in water, filtering, performing swelling treatment, adding pretreated palm oil to perform primary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 12000-14000r/min and the pressure of 42-45MPa, performing secondary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 20000-25000r/min and the pressure of 5-10MPa, performing tertiary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 10000-15000r/min and the pressure of 30-40MPa, and thus obtaining the swelled paper mulberry roots;
(3) pulverizing semen Maydis, semen glycines, testa Tritici, semen Arachidis Hypogaeae meal, and semen Setariae, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, adding semen Pini powder and folium Perillae dry powder, adding water, adding probiotic preparation, and performing shake fermentation at 30-35 deg.C for 2-6h to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) adding puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, whey powder, soybean oil, salt, choline chloride, methionine, threonine, lysine, vitamin premix, trace element premix and traditional Chinese medicine additive into the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, sealing, standing, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Preferably, in the step (1), the emulsifier is stearoyl lactate, and the mass ratio of the palm oil to the stearoyl lactate is 4-15: 0.5-1.2.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the broussonetia papyrifera roots to the pretreated palm oil is 100-200: 5-10.
Preferably, in the step (2), the broussonetia papyrifera roots are crushed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, and the soaking time in water is 2-4 days.
Preferably, in the step (2), a swelling machine is adopted for swelling treatment, the extrusion rotation speed of the swelling machine is 180-.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the corn, the soybean, the wheat bran, the peanut meal, the millet, the pine nut kernel powder, the dry perilla leaf powder and the probiotic preparation is 60-80: 10-18: 5-15: 2-10: 1-5: 2-6: 1-5: 0.12-0.16.
Preferably, in the step (3), the total number of the live bacteria in the probiotic preparation is 1-2 x 1011The ingredients per gram include Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus natto, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Bacillus licheniformis.
Preferably, in step (3), water is added to a water content of 20 to 30 wt%.
Preferably, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the premix, the puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, the whey powder, the soybean oil, the salt, the choline chloride, the methionine, the threonine, the lysine, the vitamin premix, the trace element premix and the traditional Chinese medicine additive is 100: 30-60: 1-5: 1-2: 0.2-1: 0.02-0.08: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.18: 0.1-0.12: 1-2.
Preferably, in the step (4), the Chinese medicinal additive comprises: dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn.
Preferably, in the step (4), the closed standing time is 2 to 3 days.
A pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) after the palm oil is treated by stearoyl lactate, the broussonetia papyrifera root powder has good dispersibility in the palm oil, and then is subjected to multi-stage homogenization treatment to become extremely loose and porous and be uniformly dispersed in the palm oil, so that the particles are extremely small, the digestion utilization rate is higher, and the palm oil is coated on the surface, so that the oxidation rancidity can be effectively prevented, and the stability is improved; the invention degrades the nutrient substances which are difficult to be utilized into nutrient components which are easy to be utilized, improves the palatability, improves the utilization rate of the feed, utilizes the waste broussonetia papyrifera roots as the raw material, enlarges the feed source and reduces the feeding cost.
(2) According to the invention, according to the digestion physiological characteristics of the fattening pigs, the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots are matched with the corns, the soybeans, the wheat bran, the peanut meal and the millet flour, so that the digestion and absorption of the fattening pigs are easy, the feed weight ratio can be reduced, the quality of pork can be improved, and the nutrition of the pork can be improved.
(3) The invention adopts the pine nut kernel powder and the perilla leaf dry powder to be matched, which can play the roles of improving the circulation function and enhancing the appetite, and the probiotic preparation can effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria when entering the alimentary canal, maintain the health of intestinal flora, reduce the immune stress, improve the growth speed and reduce the death and culling rate.
(4) According to the invention, the strain composition, the fermentation mode, the fermentation condition and the type and the proportion of a fermentation product in the probiotic preparation are determined according to the digestion physiological characteristics of the fattening pigs and the characteristics of feed raw materials, the pertinence to nutrition absorption of the fattening pigs is extremely strong, the production performance of the fattening pigs can be obviously improved, and the fermented product can effectively supplement the type and the activity of non-digestive enzymes such as xylanase, mannase, cellulase and the like in the alimentary canal of the fattening pigs, promote the release and the utilization of nutrient substances in cells, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the feed nutrient substances of the fattening pigs.
(5) The invention is proved by animal experiments that: the feed replaces antibiotic medicines, and has no negative influence on the production performance of growing-finishing pigs; the feed material obtained by the invention meets the national relevant feed standard, and the slaughtered live pigs meet the standard requirements of NY5029-2001 'pollution-free food pork'.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 4kg of palm oil to 80 ℃ for complete melting, adding 0.5kg of stearoyl lactate emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) pulverizing Broussonetia papyrifera 200kg, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, soaking in water for 2 days, filtering, and puffing in a puffing machine at an extrusion speed of 200r/min, wherein the first and second zones are sequentially heated at 105 deg.C and 136 deg.C, and the head temperature is 85 deg.C;
adding 10kg of pretreated palm oil, feeding the mixture into a homogenizer for primary homogenization treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the primary homogenization treatment is 12000r/min, the pressure of the primary homogenization treatment is 45MPa, then carrying out secondary homogenization treatment, the rotation speed of the secondary homogenization treatment is 20000r/min, the pressure of the secondary homogenization treatment is 10MPa, then carrying out tertiary homogenization treatment, the rotation speed of the tertiary homogenization treatment is 10000r/min, and the pressure of the tertiary homogenization treatment is 40MPa, thus obtaining the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(3) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 6: 1: 5 the total number of the viable bacteria is 1 multiplied by 10 after being evenly mixed11One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 80kg of corn, 10kg of soybean, 15kg of wheat bran, 2kg of peanut meal and 5kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 2kg of pine nut kernel powder and 5kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 20 wt%, adding 0.16kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing shaking fermentation at 30 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn in a mass ratio of 1: 5: 3: 10 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 30kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 5kg of whey powder, 1kg of soybean oil, 1kg of salt, 0.02kg of choline chloride, 0.2kg of methionine, 0.1kg of threonine, 0.2kg of lysine, 0.1kg of vitamin premix, 0.12kg of trace element premix and 1kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 3 days, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Example 2
A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 15kg of palm oil to 60 ℃ for complete melting, adding 1.2kg of stearoyl lactate emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) pulverizing 100kg Broussonetia papyrifera root, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, soaking in water for 4 days, filtering, and puffing in a puffing machine with the extrusion speed of 180r/min, wherein the heating temperature of the first zone and the second zone is 115 deg.C and 132 deg.C, and the head temperature is 90 deg.C;
adding 5kg of pretreated palm oil, feeding the mixture into a homogenizer for primary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 14000r/min and the pressure of 42MPa, then carrying out secondary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 25000r/min and the pressure of 5MPa, and then carrying out tertiary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 15000r/min and the pressure of 30MPa to obtain the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(3) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 8: 2: 3: 3 the total number of the live bacteria is 2 multiplied by 10 after being evenly mixed11One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 60kg of corn, 18kg of soybean, 5kg of wheat bran, 10kg of peanut meal and 1kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 6kg of pine nut kernel powder and 1kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 30 wt%, adding 0.12kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 35 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn in a mass ratio of 2: 1: 6: 6 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 60kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 1kg of whey powder, 2kg of soybean oil, 0.2kg of salt, 0.08kg of choline chloride, 0.1kg of methionine, 0.2kg of threonine, 0.1kg of lysine, 0.18kg of vitamin premix, 0.1kg of trace element premix and 2kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 2 days, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Example 3
A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 7kg of palm oil to 75 ℃ for complete melting, adding 0.6kg of stearoyl lactate emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) pulverizing 180kg Broussonetia papyrifera root, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, soaking in water for 2.5 days, filtering, and puffing in a puffing machine with the extrusion speed of 195r/min, wherein the heating temperature of the first zone and the second zone is 108 deg.C, 135 deg.C, and the head temperature is 86 deg.C;
adding 9kg of pretreated palm oil, feeding the mixture into a homogenizer for primary homogenization treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the primary homogenization treatment is 12500r/min, the pressure of the primary homogenization treatment is 44MPa, then carrying out secondary homogenization treatment, the rotation speed of the secondary homogenization treatment is 22000r/min, the pressure of the secondary homogenization treatment is 8MPa, then carrying out tertiary homogenization treatment, the rotation speed of the tertiary homogenization treatment is 12000r/min, and the pressure of the tertiary homogenization treatment is 37MPa, and obtaining the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(3) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 5: 1.5: 4.5 mixing uniformly to obtain the total viable bacteria number of 1.3 multiplied by 1011One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 75kg of corn, 12kg of soybean, 12kg of wheat bran, 4kg of peanut meal and 4kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 3kg of pine nut kernel powder and 4kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 22 wt%, adding 0.15kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 32 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.2: 4: 4: 9 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 40kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 4kg of whey powder, 1.3kg of soybean oil, 0.8kg of salt, 0.04kg of choline chloride, 0.18kg of methionine, 0.13kg of threonine, 0.17kg of lysine, 0.12kg of vitamin premix, 0.115kg of trace element premix and 1.2kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Example 4
A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 11kg of palm oil to 65 ℃ for complete melting, adding 1kg of stearoyl lactate emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) crushing 120kg of broussonetia papyrifera roots, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, soaking in water for 3.5 days, filtering, and then feeding into a bulking machine for bulking at the extrusion speed of 185r/min, wherein the heating temperatures of a first zone and a second zone are 112 ℃ and 133 ℃ in sequence, and the head temperature is 88 ℃;
adding 7kg of pretreated palm oil, sending the mixture into a homogenizer for primary homogenization treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the primary homogenization treatment is 13500r/min, the pressure of the primary homogenization treatment is 43MPa, then carrying out secondary homogenization treatment, the rotation speed of the secondary homogenization treatment is 24000r/min, the pressure of the secondary homogenization treatment is 6MPa, then carrying out tertiary homogenization treatment, the rotation speed of the tertiary homogenization treatment is 14000r/min, and the pressure of the tertiary homogenization treatment is 33MPa, thus obtaining the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(3) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 7: 3: 2.5: 3.5 mixing uniformly to obtain the total viable bacteria number of 1.4 multiplied by 1011One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 65kg of corn, 16kg of soybean, 8kg of wheat bran, 8kg of peanut meal and 2kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 5kg of pine nut kernel powder and 2kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 28 wt%, adding 0.13kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 34 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.8: 2: 5: 7 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 50kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 2kg of whey powder, 1.7kg of soybean oil, 0.4kg of salt, 0.06kg of choline chloride, 0.12kg of methionine, 0.17kg of threonine, 0.13kg of lysine, 0.16kg of vitamin premix, 0.105kg of trace element premix and 1.8kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Example 5
A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 9kg of palm oil to 70 ℃ for complete melting, adding 0.8kg of stearoyl lactate emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) pulverizing 150kg of Broussonetia papyrifera roots, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, soaking in water for 3 days, filtering, and puffing in a puffing machine at an extrusion speed of 190r/min, wherein the heating temperatures of the first zone and the second zone are 110 deg.C and 134 deg.C in sequence, and the head temperature is 87 deg.C;
adding 8kg of pretreated palm oil, feeding the mixture into a homogenizer for primary homogenization at the rotation speed of 13000r/min and the pressure of 43.5MPa, then carrying out secondary homogenization at the rotation speed of 23000r/min and the pressure of 7MPa, and then carrying out tertiary homogenization at the rotation speed of 13000r/min and the pressure of 35MPa to obtain the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(3) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6: 4: 2: 4 the total number of the live bacteria is 1.35 in1011One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 70kg of corn, 14kg of soybean, 10kg of wheat bran, 6kg of peanut meal and 3kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 4kg of pine nut kernel powder and 3kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 25 wt%, adding 0.14kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 33 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 3: 4.5: 8 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 45kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 3kg of whey powder, 1.5kg of soybean oil, 0.6kg of salt, 0.05kg of choline chloride, 0.15kg of methionine, 0.15kg of threonine, 0.15kg of lysine, 0.14kg of vitamin premix, 0.11kg of trace element premix and 1.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a feed for fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6: 4: 2: 4 the total number of the viable bacteria is 1.35 multiplied by 10 after being evenly mixed11One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 70kg of corn, 14kg of soybean, 10kg of wheat bran, 6kg of peanut meal and 3kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 4kg of pine nut kernel powder and 3kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 25 wt%, adding 0.14kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 33 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(2) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 3: 4.5: 8 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 3kg of whey powder, 1.5kg of soybean oil, 0.6kg of salt, 0.05kg of choline chloride, 0.15kg of methionine, 0.15kg of threonine, 0.15kg of lysine, 0.14kg of vitamin premix, 0.11kg of trace element premix and 1.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, sending into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the feed for fattening pigs.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a feed for fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6: 4: 2: 4 the total number of the viable bacteria is 1.35 multiplied by 10 after being evenly mixed11One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 70kg of corn, 14kg of soybean, 10kg of wheat bran, 6kg of peanut meal and 3kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 4kg of pine nut kernel powder and 3kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 25 wt%, adding 0.14kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 33 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(2) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 3: 4.5: 8 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 45kg of puffed corn, 3kg of whey powder, 1.5kg of soybean oil, 0.6kg of salt, 0.05kg of choline chloride, 0.15kg of methionine, 0.15kg of threonine, 0.15kg of lysine, 0.14kg of vitamin premix, 0.11kg of trace element premix and 1.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, sending into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the feed for fattening pigs.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a feed for fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 9kg of palm oil to 70 ℃ for complete melting, adding 0.8kg of stearoyl lactate emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) pulverizing 150kg of Broussonetia papyrifera roots, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, soaking in water for 3 days, filtering, and puffing in a puffing machine at an extrusion speed of 190r/min, wherein the heating temperatures of the first zone and the second zone are 110 deg.C and 134 deg.C in sequence, and the head temperature is 87 deg.C;
adding 8kg of pretreated palm oil, feeding the mixture into a homogenizer for primary homogenization at the rotation speed of 13000r/min and the pressure of 43.5MPa, then carrying out secondary homogenization at the rotation speed of 23000r/min and the pressure of 7MPa, and then carrying out tertiary homogenization at the rotation speed of 13000r/min and the pressure of 35MPa to obtain the puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(3) crushing 70kg of corn, 14kg of soybean, 10kg of wheat bran, 6kg of peanut meal and 3kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 4kg of pine nut kernel powder and 3kg of perilla leaf dry powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 3: 4.5: 8 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 45kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 3kg of whey powder, 1.5kg of soybean oil, 0.6kg of salt, 0.05kg of choline chloride, 0.15kg of methionine, 0.15kg of threonine, 0.15kg of lysine, 0.14kg of vitamin premix, 0.11kg of trace element premix and 1.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the feed for fattening pigs.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a feed for fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverizing 150kg broussonetia papyrifera roots, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, soaking in water for 3 days, filtering, and puffing in a puffing machine at an extrusion speed of 190r/min, wherein the heating temperatures of the first zone and the second zone are 110 deg.C and 134 deg.C in sequence, and the head temperature is 87 deg.C to obtain puffed broussonetia papyrifera roots;
(2) plant lactobacillus agents, bacillus natto agents, rhodopseudomonas palustris agents and bacillus licheniformis agents with the same concentration are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6: 4: 2: 4 the total number of the viable bacteria is 1.35 multiplied by 10 after being evenly mixed11One per gram of probiotic formulation;
crushing 70kg of corn, 14kg of soybean, 10kg of wheat bran, 6kg of peanut meal and 3kg of millet, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, adding 4kg of pine nut kernel powder and 3kg of perilla leaf dry powder, adding water until the water content is 25 wt%, adding 0.14kg of the probiotic preparation, and performing oscillation fermentation at 33 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a prefabricated material;
(3) mixing dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 3: 4.5: 8 mixing and grinding to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine additive;
adding 45kg of puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, 3kg of whey powder, 1.5kg of soybean oil, 0.6kg of salt, 0.05kg of choline chloride, 0.15kg of methionine, 0.15kg of threonine, 0.15kg of lysine, 0.14kg of vitamin premix, 0.11kg of trace element premix and 1.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine additive into 100kg of the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, feeding into a closed container, standing for 2.5 days, granulating and drying to obtain the feed for fattening pigs.
Selecting about 400 fattening pigs (Du multiplied by long multiplied by big ternary hybrid pigs) with the weight of about 25kg, and carrying out ear number coding, insect expelling and preventive injection in a pre-test period according to the principle of consistent birth times, same variety, same weight and halves of male and female pigs. The method comprises the steps of randomly dividing the pigs into 5 groups before a positive test period (reducing errors in the groups and between the groups as much as possible), feeding the pigs with the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs obtained in the example 5 and the fattening pigs obtained in the comparative examples 1-4 respectively, feeding the pigs in a single-column manner, feeding the pigs in a colony house with an automatic feeding trough freely, drinking water freely, starting a test 7 days after the pre-test period, wherein the positive test period is 63 days, and cleaning the colony house twice every day. The whole colony house is naturally ventilated and disinfected regularly. Daily work records and health condition records of the pigs are made.
The growth performance is as follows:
observing the body condition and clinical pathological change condition of the test pig, observing the appetite, feces and health condition of the pig, timely diagnosing and treating the sick pig and recording the diarrhea number of the pig regularly in the morning every day, wherein the diarrhea number is the sum of the diarrhea days of the fattening pig with diarrhea,
| number of diarrhea heads | The rate of diarrhea% | |
| Example 5 | 38 | 0.75 |
| Comparative example 1 | 176 | 3.49 |
| Comparative example 2 | 125 | 2.48 |
| Comparative example 3 | 93 | 1.85 |
| Comparative example 4 | 64 | 1.27 |
From the above data, it can be seen that: the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs, which is disclosed by the invention, can improve the utilization rate of the fattening pigs on the feed, promote weight gain, reduce the feed-weight ratio, reduce the immune stress, enhance the immune function of organisms and reduce the occurrence probability of diarrhea.
After the test was completed, all the pigs were weighed on empty stomach, and then 10 pigs were randomly selected from each group for routine slaughter. And (4) rapidly taking the longissimus dorsi sample of the chest and waist of the left half carcass, and freezing and storing for later use. Meanwhile, taking muscles at different parts to measure the meat quality index; the results are as follows:
| example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Lean meat percentage,% | 72.35 | 61.87 | 63.06 | 67.82 | 69.95 |
| Fat percentage of% | 6.54 | 11.85 | 10.63 | 8.57 | 7.62 |
| Muscle% | 6.42 | 6.30 | 6.32 | 6.35 | 6.38 |
| Water loss rate,% | 12.91 | 15.84 | 14.96 | 14.33 | 13.85 |
| Tenderness, N | 44.11 | 39.55 | 40.26 | 41.74 | 42.67 |
| CPK | 143.70 | 117.25 | 120.36 | 128.59 | 135.24 |
| GPI | 2994 | 2265 | 2540 | 2763 | 2815 |
Wherein CPK is phosphocreatine kinase of the longest muscle of the back of the pig, and GPI is phosphoglucose isomerase of the longest muscle of the back of the pig.
And then carrying out amino acid detection, weighing 200mg of sample, placing the sample in a hydrolysis tube, adding 6mol/L hydrochloric acid, filling high-purity nitrogen, sealing, placing in a 110 ℃ constant-temperature drying oven for 22-24h, taking out, cooling, filtering and fixing the volume. Sucking 1mL of filtrate into a 10mg small beaker, placing the beaker in a vacuum drier, drying the beaker at 45-60 ℃ under reduced pressure of 0.08Mpa, dissolving the filtrate by using 1mL of 0.02mol/L hydrochloric acid after drying by distillation, and measuring the filtrate by using an amino acid analyzer after centrifugation; the results are as follows:
| example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Total amount of amino acids | 21.03 | 19.74 | 20.15 | 20.37 | 20.62 |
| Total amount of essential amino acids | 8.93 | 8.14 | 8.25 | 8.46 | 8.75 |
| Total amount of umami amino acids | 7.936 | 7.093 | 7.165 | 7.378 | 7.742 |
Wherein the umami amino acids include: aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine.
From the above comparative experiments, it can be seen that: the pigs fed by the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs have high lean meat and muscle content, low fat content and high tenderness, have high nutritional ingredients (the total amount of amino acids, essential amino acids and delicious amino acids) of the pork muscles, and effectively improve the muscle quality of the fattening pigs.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) heating the palm oil to be completely melted, adding an emulsifier, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain pretreated palm oil;
(2) crushing and sieving paper mulberry roots, soaking in water, filtering, performing swelling treatment, adding pretreated palm oil to perform primary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 12000-14000r/min and the pressure of 42-45MPa, performing secondary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 20000-25000r/min and the pressure of 5-10MPa, performing tertiary homogenization treatment at the rotation speed of 10000-15000r/min and the pressure of 30-40MPa, and thus obtaining the swelled paper mulberry roots;
(3) pulverizing semen Maydis, semen glycines, testa Tritici, semen Arachidis Hypogaeae meal, and semen Setariae, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, adding semen Pini powder and folium Perillae dry powder, adding water, adding probiotic preparation, and performing shake fermentation at 30-35 deg.C for 2-6h to obtain a prefabricated material;
(4) adding puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, whey powder, soybean oil, salt, choline chloride, methionine, threonine, lysine, vitamin premix, trace element premix and traditional Chinese medicine additive into the prefabricated material, uniformly stirring, sealing, standing, granulating and drying to obtain the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs.
2. The preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the emulsifier is stearoyl lactate, and the mass ratio of palm oil to stearoyl lactate is 4-15: 0.5-1.2.
3. The preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the broussonetia papyrifera roots to the pretreated palm oil is 100-200: 5-10.
4. The preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), broussonetia papyrifera roots are crushed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, and the soaking time in water is 2-4 days.
5. The method for preparing the pollution-free feed capable of improving the immunity of the fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a bulking machine is adopted for bulking, the extrusion rotation speed of the bulking machine is 180-.
6. The preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of corn, soybean, wheat bran, peanut meal, millet, pine nut kernel powder, perilla leaf dry powder and probiotic preparation is 60-80: 10-18: 5-15: 2-10: 1-5: 2-6: 1-5: 0.12-0.16.
7. The method for preparing a nuisance-free feed for improving immunity of fattening pig according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the total number of viable bacteria in the probiotic preparation is 1-2 x 1011The ingredients per gram include Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus natto, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Bacillus licheniformis.
8. The preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of the premix, the puffed broussonetia papyrifera root, the whey powder, the soybean oil, the salt, the choline chloride, the methionine, the threonine, the lysine, the vitamin premix, the trace element premix and the traditional Chinese medicine additive is 100: 30-60: 1-5: 1-2: 0.2-1: 0.02-0.08: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.18: 0.1-0.12: 1-2.
9. The preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the traditional Chinese medicine additive comprises: dandelion, honeysuckle, liquorice and hawthorn.
10. A pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the pollution-free feed capable of improving immunity of fattening pigs according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Application publication date: 20200417 |