CN111005818A - 轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法和系统 - Google Patents

轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN111005818A
CN111005818A CN201811502739.7A CN201811502739A CN111005818A CN 111005818 A CN111005818 A CN 111005818A CN 201811502739 A CN201811502739 A CN 201811502739A CN 111005818 A CN111005818 A CN 111005818A
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engine
mode
mpi
gdi
mild hybrid
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CN111005818B (zh
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金英民
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法和系统，轻度混合动力电动车辆还包括：轻度混合动力启动器和发电机，其启动发动机或者通过发动机扭矩作为发电机操作；以及控制器，其在MPI发动机模式、GDI发动机模式以及混合MPI和GDI发动机模式中控制燃料喷射模式的改变，发动机扭矩控制方法包括：由控制器判断燃料喷射模式是否是MPI发动机模式；当燃料喷射模式是MPI发动机模式时，由计时器测量当保持MPI发动机模式时的保持周期；由控制器判断是否将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或混合MPI和GDI发动机模式；并当将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，由控制器驱动MHSG以辅助发动机扭矩。

Description

轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法和系统
相关申请的引证
本申请要求2018年10月4日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2018-0118432号的优先权和权益，其全部内容通过引证结合于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制轻度混合动力汽车的发动机扭矩的方法和设备，更特别地，涉及一种控制轻度混合动力汽车的发动机扭矩的方法和设备，其补充当将MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或第三燃料喷射时产生的不足的发动机扭矩。
背景技术
众所周知，轻度混合动力电动车辆使用内燃机和电池电源作为动力源。也就是说，轻度混合动力电动车辆有效地组合并使用发动机的动力和电机的动力。
可将相关技术的轻度混合动力电动车辆中配备的一般发动机分类成多点喷射(MPI)发动机和汽油直接喷射(GDI)发动机，多点喷射发动机具有喷射器将燃料喷射到进气口的燃料供应方法，汽油直接喷射发动机具有喷射器将燃料直接喷射到发动机的燃烧室中的燃料供应方法。
最近，将用作MPI发动机和GDI发动机的具有与进气口连通的低压喷射器和与燃烧室连通的高压喷射器的双喷射器型发动机应用于轻度混合动力电动车辆。
根据发动机的转速，具有双喷射器的发动机可在仅使用低压喷射器将燃料喷射到进气口的MPI发动机模式中操作，在仅使用高压喷射器将燃料直接喷射到燃烧室的GDI发动机模式中操作，以及在使用低压喷射器和高压喷射器将燃料喷射到进气口和燃烧室的混合MPI和GDI发动机模式中操作。
然而，当具有双喷射器的发动机在MPI发动机模式中操作时，不执行由高压喷射器进行的燃料喷射。在此情况中，自然地减小压缩燃料以将燃料供应到高压喷射器的高压燃料泵的压力。因此，当发动机模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，可导致不足的发动机扭矩。特别地，当减小的燃料量等于或高于预定量时，对车辆施加冲击使得驾驶员可能感到不适。
在此背景部分中公开的以上信息仅是为了增强本发明的背景的理解，因此其可包含不构成对于本领域普通技术人员来说在本国已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本发明已经致力于提供一种扭矩辅助控制方法和设备，其通过辅助当将MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时产生的不足的发动机扭矩，对驾驶员提供舒适的驾驶，通过驱动轻度混合动力启动器和发电机(MHSG)来将MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式。
根据本发明的一个代表性实施例，在轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法中，轻度混合动力电动车辆还包括：轻度混合动力启动器和发电机(MHSG)，其启动发动机或者通过发动机扭矩作为发电机操作；以及控制器，其在MPI发动机模式、GDI发动机模式以及混合MPI和GDI发动机模式中控制燃料喷射模式的改变，MPI发动机模式使用将燃料喷射到发动机的进气口的低压喷射器，GDI发动机模式使用将燃料喷射到发动机的燃烧室的高压喷射器，混合MPI和GDI发动机模式使用低压喷射器和高压喷射器，
发动机扭矩控制方法可包括：由控制器判断燃料喷射模式是否是MPI发动机模式；当燃料喷射模式是MPI发动机模式时，由计时器测量当保持MPI发动机模式时的保持周期；由控制器判断是否需要将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式；并且当需要将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，由控制器驱动MHSG以辅助发动机扭矩。
轻度混合动力电动车辆可进一步包括测量发动机的速度和负载的发动机速度测量单元，并且控制器可基于预定映射数据来控制燃料喷射模式的改变，该映射数据以发动机的速度和负载为基础。
发动机扭矩控制方法可进一步包括：当必须将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，判断保持周期是否比预定值大，并且仅当保持周期比预定值大时，可执行控制器驱动MHSG以辅助发动机扭矩。
当保持周期等于或小于预定值时，控制器不驱动MHSG便可改变燃料喷射模式。
进一步，根据本发明的另一代表性实施例，轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制系统包括：发动机，其包括进气口、构造为将燃料喷射到进气口的低压喷射器、与进气口连通并使空气和燃料的混合空气燃烧的燃烧室、与燃烧室连通并排出在燃烧过程中产生的废气的排气口，以及将燃料直接喷射到燃烧室的高压喷射器；轻度混合动力启动器和发电机(MHSG)，其操作地连接到发动机以启动发动机或者通过发动机的功率而作为发电机操作；以及控制器，其基于发动机的驱动状态，在MPI发动机模式、GDI发动机模式以及混合MPI和GDI发动机模式中控制燃料喷射模式的改变，MPI发动机模式使用低压喷射器喷射燃料，GDI发动机模式使用高压喷射器喷射燃料，混合MPI和GDI发动机模式使用低压喷射器和高压喷射器喷射燃料，并且控制器可判断是否需要从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式，当必须从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，当保持MPI发动机模式时，基于保持周期使用MHSG来辅助发动机扭矩。
发动机扭矩控制系统可进一步包括测量发动机的速度和负载的发动机速度测量单元，并且控制器可基于预定映射数据来控制燃料喷射模式的改变，该映射数据以发动机的速度和负载为基础。
发动机扭矩控制系统可进一步包括测量保持周期的计时器，并且当必须将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，控制器可判断保持周期是否比预定值大，并且仅当保持周期比预定值大时，控制器可驱动MHSG以辅助发动机扭矩。
当保持周期等于或小于预定值时，控制器不驱动MHSG便可改变燃料喷射模式。
如上所述，根据本发明的代表性实施例，在安装有具有双喷射器的发动机的轻度混合动力电动车辆中，即使将发动机的燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式，也驱动MHSG以辅助发动机的不足的扭矩，从而对驾驶员提供稳定的驱动。
附图说明
图1是举例说明了根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的框图。
图2是根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的具有双喷射器的发动机的示意图。
图3是根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制设备的框图。
图4是根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将参考附图在下文中更充分地描述本发明，在附图中示出了本发明的代表性实施例。然而，本发明不限于本文描述的代表性实施例，而是可以不同的形式体现。
为了清楚地描述本发明，将省略与描述无关的零件。相同的参考数字指示说明书中相同的元件。
进一步，为了易于描述，可选地确定图中所示的单独的部件，使得本发明不限于图中所示的实例。
图1是举例说明了根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的框图。
如图1所示，根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆包括发动机10、变速器20、轻度混合动力启动器-发电机(MHSG)30、电池40、差动齿轮装置50以及车轮60。
发动机10用作动力源，并且当启动发动机时输出动力。在本发明的一个代表性实施例中，发动机10可以是包括双喷射器的发动机。
变速器20连接到发动机10，以使发动机10的驱动扭矩转换，从而将转换的驱动扭矩输出到差动齿轮装置50。变速器20根据车速和操作条件而在适当的齿轮位置中接合，根据齿轮位置转换发动机10的驱动扭矩，并且将驱动扭矩输出到驱动轮以保持驱动状态。
MHSG 30可连接到发动机10以辅助发动机的输出，或者供应来自电池40的驱动功率以启动发动机10。进一步，MHSG 30在滑行的同时用作发电机以对电池40供应再生能量。也就是说，轻度混合动力电动车辆使用发动机10的扭矩作为主要动力，并使用MHSG 30的扭矩作为辅助动力。
电池40电连接到MHSG 30，从而储存用于驱动MHSG 30的电压。在辅助发动机10的输出时，电池40对MHSG 30供应驱动电压，并且在再生制动时，通过在MHSG 30中产生的电压对电池40充电。在本发明的代表性实施例中，电池40可以是48V电池，但是不限于此。
差动齿轮装置50连接到变速器20，并且适当地分配从变速器20传递到不同的车轮60的驱动扭矩(即，转速)。
车轮60指的是通过车轴连接到差动齿轮装置50、支撑车辆的负载，并将从车轴传递的发动机10的动力传递到路面的装置。
执行轻度混合动力电动车辆的动力输送，使得将在发动机10中产生的扭矩传递到变速器20的输入轴，并且将从变速器20的输出轴输出的扭矩经由差动齿轮装置50传递到车轴。车轴使车轮60旋转，使得由在发动机10中产生的扭矩来驱动轻度混合动力汽车。进一步，在MHSG 30中产生的扭矩用来启动发动机10，或者经由发动机10、变速器20和差动齿轮装置50传递到车轴以辅助发动机10的扭矩。
图2是根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的具有双喷射器的发动机的示意图。
具有双喷射器的发动机包括低压喷射器110、高压喷射器120、进气口130、燃烧室140和排气口150。
低压喷射器110与进气口130连通，并且供应来自低压燃料泵(未示出)的燃料以将燃料喷射到进气口130。
高压喷射器120与燃烧室140连通，并且供应由高压燃料泵压缩的燃料以将燃料直接喷射到燃烧室140。
进气口130吸入外部空气，并且将外部空气供应到燃烧室140。进一步地，进气口130可将通过使由低压喷射器110喷射的燃料和外部空气混合来获得的混合空气供应到燃烧室140。
燃烧室140可燃烧以下混合空气中的任意一种或多种：位于发动机10中且从进气口130供应的混合空气，通过使从高压喷射器120供应的燃料和从进气口130接收的空气混合来获得的混合空气。
排气口150与燃烧室140连通，并且排出在燃烧室140中的混合空气的燃烧过程中产生的废气。
在本说明书和权利要求书中，使用低压喷射器110将燃料喷射到进气口130的模式叫做MPI发动机模式，使用高压喷射器120将燃料喷射到燃烧室140的模式叫做GDI发动机模式，并且使用低压喷射器110和高压喷射器120将燃料喷射到进气口130和燃烧室140的模式叫做混合MPI和GDI发动机模式。
当发动机10在MPI发动机模式中操作时，高压燃料泵暂停，并且不通过高压喷射器120将燃料喷射到燃烧室140。
在此情况中，当发动机在MPI发动机模式中操作时，将高压燃料泵中的压力以预定比例减小为与周期成比例。
因此，将与高压燃料泵中减小的压力量成比例地减小的燃料压缩，以将该燃料供应到高压喷射器120，因此可将从高压喷射器120供应到燃烧室140的燃料量减小到小于目标燃料量。
因此，与由高压喷射器120实际供应的燃料量和需要根据发动机10的驱动条件从高压喷射器120供应的目标燃料量之间的差能够成比例地导致不足的发动机扭矩。因此，当发动机在MPI发动机模式中操作时的周期较长时，如果将MPI发动机模式切换到GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式，那么可能导致冲击(impact)。
也就是说，当MPI发动机模式的保持周期等于或长于预定值时，由于对应于预定值的发动机10的不足的扭矩的原因而在车辆中导致冲击。因此，为了防止车辆中的冲击，控制器80(见图3)驱动MHSG 30以辅助发动机扭矩。
图3是根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制设备的框图。
如图3所示，根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的发动机扭矩控制设备包括数据检测单元70和控制器80。
数据检测单元70检测用于控制发动机扭矩的数据以将数据传递到控制器80。数据检测单元可包括计时器71和发动机速度测量单元72。
计时器71测量当发动机10在MPI发动机模式中操作时的保持周期，并且将保持周期传递到控制器80。
发动机速度测量单元72测量发动机10的负载和RPM以将负载和RPM传递到控制器80。
控制器80基于从发动机速度测量单元72接收的发动机10的RPM和负载，通过预定映射数据来确定燃料喷射模式。即，控制器80判断当前燃料喷射模式是MPI发动机模式、GDI发动机模式，还是混合MPI和GDI发动机模式。此外，控制器80通过预定映射数据判断发动机10的燃料喷射模式是否需要改变，并且如果需要改变燃料喷射模式，则控制器80控制以改变燃料喷射模式。映射数据是由本领域技术人员设置的任意值。
此外，控制器80基于由计时器71测量的保持周期和当发动机10的扭矩被辅助时将由MHSG 30对发动机进行辅助的扭矩量，来判断是否通过驱动MHSG 30来辅助发动机10的扭矩。辅助扭矩量是指辅助以当将MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时防止在车辆中产生冲击的扭矩，并且是由本领域技术人员设置的任意值。
例如，辅助扭矩量可以是与从高压喷射器120实际供应的燃料量和由高压喷射器120根据发动机10的驱动条件供应的且与保持周期成比例的目标燃料量之间的差成比例的发动机扭矩的不足的量，但是不限于此。
可通过至少一个由设置程序操作的处理器来实施控制器80，并且设置程序可编程为执行轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法的各个步骤。
图4是根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法的流程图。
如图4所示，在步骤S100中，当发动机10在MPI发动机模式中操作时，根据本发明的一个代表性实施例的发动机扭矩控制方法启动。当发动机10启动以在MPI发动机模式中操作时，计时器71操作，发动机10测量当保持对发动机10的MPI发动机模式的操作时的保持周期，并且将保持周期传递到控制器80。
接下来，在步骤S110中，控制器80基于由数据检测单元70检测的数据，判断是否需要改变发动机10的燃料喷射模式。也就是说，基于由发动机速度测量单元72接收的测量值，通过预定映射数据判断是否必须将发动机10的燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式。
在步骤S110中，当确定需要改变发动机10的燃料喷射模式时，在步骤S120中，控制器80判断当保持MPI发动机模式时的保持周期是否比预定值长。
该预定值是由本领域技术人员设置的任意值。当MPI发动机模式的保持周期等于或长于预定值时，当将MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，可能在车辆中产生冲击。
在步骤S110中，当确定不需要改变发动机10的燃料喷射模式时，发动机10在MPI发动机模式中操作。在此情况中，计时器71不初始化，但是测量MPI发动机模式的保持周期。
在步骤S120中，当保持周期比预定值长时，在步骤S130中，控制器80确定将通过驱动MHSG 30而辅助的扭矩量。
扭矩量是由本领域技术人员任意设置的值，并且可以是当将发动机10从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式以辅助发动机10的扭矩量时通过驱动MHSG 30，防止由于发动机10的不足的扭矩的原因而在车辆中产生冲击的扭矩量。
在步骤S120中，如果保持周期比预定值短，那么在步骤S150中，控制器80不驱动MHSG 30便可将发动机10的燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式。
在步骤S130中，当确定扭矩量时，在步骤S140中，控制器80驱动MHSG 30以辅助对发动机10的扭矩。
在此情况中，通过驱动MHSG 30来补充的扭矩量指的是在步骤S130中由控制器80确定的扭矩量。
在步骤S140中，当驱动MHSG 30以辅助对发动机10的扭矩时，在步骤S150中，将发动机10的燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式。
就在改变燃料喷射模式之前，驱动MHSG 30以辅助对发动机10的扭矩，能够防止由于在改变燃料喷射模式之后立即导致的发动机10的不足的扭矩的原因而在车辆中产生冲击。
如上所述，根据本发明的代表性实施例，即使将燃料喷射模式从MPI发动机模式改变成GDI发动机模式或者混合MPI和GDI发动机模式，控制器80也可通过驱动MHSG 30来辅助对发动机10的扭矩，使得驾驶员可稳定地驾驶车辆。
虽然已经结合目前认为是实际的代表性实施例描述了本发明，但是应理解，本发明不限于所公开的实施例。相反，其旨在覆盖各种包含在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的修改和等效布置。
符号的描述
10：发动机
20：变速器
30：MHSG
40：电池
50：差动齿轮装置
60：车轮
70：数据检测单元
71：计时器
72：发动机速度测量单元
80：控制器
110：低压喷射器
120：高压喷射器
130：进气口
140：燃烧室
150：排气口

Claims (8)

1.一种轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法，所述轻度混合动力电动车辆包括作为动力源的发动机，
所述轻度混合动力电动车辆还包括：轻度混合动力启动器和发电机，所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机使所述发动机启动或通过发动机扭矩作为发电机来操作；以及控制器，所述控制器在MPI发动机模式、GDI发动机模式以及混合MPI和GDI发动机模式中控制燃料喷射模式的改变，所述MPI发动机模式使用将燃料喷射到所述发动机的进气口的低压喷射器，所述GDI发动机模式使用将燃料喷射到所述发动机的燃烧室的高压喷射器，所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式使用所述低压喷射器和所述高压喷射器两者，
所述发动机扭矩控制方法，包括：
由所述控制器判断燃料喷射模式是否是所述MPI发动机模式；
当所述燃料喷射模式是所述MPI发动机模式时，由计时器测量当保持所述MPI发动机模式时的保持周期；
由所述控制器判断是否需要将所述燃料喷射模式从所述MPI发动机模式改变成所述GDI发动机模式或者所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式；并且
当需要将所述燃料喷射模式从所述MPI发动机模式改变成所述GDI发动机模式或者所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，由所述控制器驱动所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机以辅助发动机扭矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法，其中：
所述轻度混合动力电动车辆还包括测量所述发动机的速度和负载的发动机速度测量单元；并且
所述控制器基于预定映射数据来控制所述燃料喷射模式的改变，所述预定映射数据以所述发动机的速度和负载为基础。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法，进一步包括：
当需要将所述燃料喷射模式从所述MPI发动机模式改变成所述GDI发动机模式或者所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，判断所述保持周期是否比预定值大，
其中，仅当所述保持周期比所述预定值大时，执行所述控制器驱动所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机以辅助发动机扭矩。
4.根据权利要求3所述的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制方法，其中，当所述保持周期等于或小于所述预定值时，所述控制器不驱动所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机便能改变所述燃料喷射模式。
5.一种轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制系统，包括：
发动机，其包括进气口、构造为将燃料喷射到所述进气口的低压喷射器、与所述进气口连通并使空气和燃料的混合空气燃烧的燃烧室、与所述燃烧室连通并排出在燃烧过程中产生的废气的排气口以及将燃料直接喷射到所述燃烧室的高压喷射器；
轻度混合动力启动器和发电机，其操作地连接到所述发动机以启动所述发动机或者通过所述发动机的动力而作为发电机来操作；以及
控制器，其基于所述发动机的驱动状态，在MPI发动机模式、GDI发动机模式以及混合MPI和GDI发动机模式中控制所述燃料喷射模式的改变，所述MPI发动机模式使用所述低压喷射器来喷射燃料，所述GDI发动机模式使用所述高压喷射器来喷射燃料，所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式使用所述低压喷射器和所述高压喷射器来喷射燃料；
其中，所述控制器判断是否需要从所述MPI发动机模式改变成所述GDI发动机模式或者所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式，当需要从所述MPI发动机模式改变成所述GDI发动机模式或者所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，当保持所述MPI发动机模式时，基于保持周期使用所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机来辅助发动机扭矩。
6.根据权利要求5所述的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制系统，进一步包括：
发动机速度测量单元，其测量所述发动机的速度和负载，
其中，所述控制器基于预定映射数据来控制所述燃料喷射模式的改变，所述预定映射数据以所述发动机的速度和负载为基础。
7.根据权利要求5所述的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制系统，进一步包括：
计时器，其测量所述保持周期，
其中，当需要将所述燃料喷射模式从所述MPI发动机模式改变成所述GDI发动机模式或者所述混合MPI和GDI发动机模式时，所述控制器判断所述保持周期是否比预定值大，并且
仅当所述保持周期比所述预定值大时，所述控制器驱动所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机以辅助发动机扭矩。
8.根据权利要求7所述的轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机扭矩控制系统，其中，当所述保持周期等于或小于所述预定值时，所述控制器不驱动所述轻度混合动力启动器和发电机便能改变所述燃料喷射模式。
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