CN111004065A - Phosphate fertilizer synergist, synergistic diammonium phosphate containing phosphate fertilizer synergist and method for preparing synergistic diammonium phosphate - Google Patents
Phosphate fertilizer synergist, synergistic diammonium phosphate containing phosphate fertilizer synergist and method for preparing synergistic diammonium phosphate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phosphate fertilizer synergist, synergistic diammonium phosphate containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist and a method for preparing the synergistic diammonium phosphate, wherein the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) chelated trace elements and sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate, wherein based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, the content of the humic acid is 10-15 parts by weight, the content of the polyglutamic acid is 5-15 parts by weight, the content of the carboxymethyl chitosan is 2-5 parts by weight, the content of the EDTA chelated trace elements is 2.5-6 parts by weight, and the content of the sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 0.5-2 parts by weight. Therefore, after the phosphate fertilizer synergist is mixed with a phosphate fertilizer, the fixation of the phosphate fertilizer by soil can be obviously reduced, the activity of phosphorus is improved, the growth of root systems of crops is promoted, and meanwhile, trace elements in the soil are activated and supplemented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a phosphate fertilizer synergist, synergistic diammonium phosphate containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist and a method for preparing synergistic diammonium phosphate.
Background
Phosphorus is a necessary nutrient element for the growth and development of crops, and crops can only absorb available phosphorus in soil, and mainly comprises Phosphate (PO) which can be absorbed and utilized by crops in soil solution4 3-、HPO4 2-、H2PO4 -) And adsorbed phosphorus and organic phosphorus which can be released to the soil solution, but the content of available phosphorus in the soil is extremely low, so that the requirement of crops on phosphorus is far from met. At present, the main way for supplementing the phosphorus of crops is to apply phosphate fertilizer, but the phosphate fertilizer is directly applied to the soil, the conversion rate is extremely high, the effectiveness is gradually reduced along with the prolonging of time, and the non-effective state phosphate Ca which is difficult to absorb and utilize by crops is formed8-P、Ca10-P, O-P, etc. And the phosphorite resources in China are totally limited and mainly have medium and low grade, and along with the increase of the exploitation amount, the phosphorite resources are gradually exhausted, so that the grain safety of China is directly threatened, the current situation of the current phosphate fertilizer is forced to be improved, the fertilizer efficiency of the phosphate fertilizer is improved, and the application amount of the phosphate fertilizer is reduced.
Diammonium phosphate is a main phosphate fertilizer variety in China, is a high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus binary fertilizer, is particularly suitable for crops with nitrogen and phosphorus, but the apparent utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer in China is only 10-20% at present, and has the problems of low utilization rate, easiness in fixation, difficulty in absorption and utilization of crops and the like. Aiming at the problems, the effectiveness and the biological activity of the phosphorus in the common diammonium phosphate need to be improved, efficient novel diammonium phosphate is formed, and the absorption and utilization of the phosphorus by crops are promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a phosphate fertilizer synergist, synergistic diammonium phosphate containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist and a method for preparing the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
In one aspect of the invention, a phosphate fertilizer synergist is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises: the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) chelated trace elements and sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate, wherein the content of the humic acid is 10-15 parts by weight, the content of the polyglutamic acid is 5-15 parts by weight, the content of the carboxymethyl chitosan is 2-5 parts by weight, the content of the EDTA chelated trace elements is 2.5-6 parts by weight, and the content of the sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 0.5-2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Therefore, the phosphorus fertilizer synergist can obviously reduce the fixation of soil to phosphorus, activate insoluble phosphorus in soil, improve the activity of the phosphorus, promote the growth of crop roots and activate and supplement trace elements in the soil.
In addition, the phosphate fertilizer synergist according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, the content of humic acid is 11 to 13 parts by weight, the content of polyglutamic acid is 8 to 12 parts by weight, the content of carboxymethyl chitosan is 3 to 4 parts by weight, the content of EDTA chelated trace elements is 3.5 to 5 parts by weight, and the content of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 1 to 1.5 parts by weight. Therefore, the fixation of the phosphorus by the soil can be obviously reduced, the insoluble phosphorus in the soil is activated, the root growth of crops is promoted, and the absorption and utilization of the phosphorus by the crops are improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer synergist has a solid content of not less than 20 parts by weight, preferably not less than 26.5 parts by weight.
In some embodiments of the invention, the EDTA-chelated trace elements comprise at least one of disodium EDTA, zinc EDTA, iron EDTA, and manganese EDTA. Therefore, medium and trace elements can be supplemented, and the requirement of crops on high-efficiency medium and trace element nutrients is met.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the content of the disodium EDTA is 1 to 3 parts by weight, the content of the zinc EDTA is 0.8 to 1.5 parts by weight, the content of the iron EDTA is 0.5 to 1 part by weight, and the content of the manganese EDTA is 0.2 to 0.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Therefore, medium and trace elements can be supplemented, and the requirement of crops on high-efficiency medium and trace element nutrients is met.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the disodium EDTA is 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight, the zinc EDTA is 1 to 1.3 parts by weight, the iron EDTA is 0.7 to 0.8 parts by weight, and the manganese EDTA is 0.3 to 0.4 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Therefore, medium and trace elements can be supplemented, and the requirement of crops on high-efficiency medium and trace element nutrients is met.
In yet another aspect of the invention, synergistic diammonium phosphate is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the synergistic diammonium phosphate comprises diammonium phosphate and a synergist, wherein the synergist is the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Therefore, the synergistic diammonium phosphate has the effects of obviously reducing the fixation of soil to diammonium phosphate, improving the activity of phosphorus, promoting the growth of crop roots and activating and supplementing trace elements in soil.
In addition, the synergistic diammonium phosphate according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the content of the diammonium phosphate is 96.6 to 98.9 parts by weight and the content of the synergist is 1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the synergistic diammonium phosphate further comprises 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight of a coating agent, based on 100 parts by weight of synergistic diammonium phosphate. Therefore, the agglomeration of the synergistic diammonium phosphate can be effectively avoided, and the appearance quality of the product is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the total nutrient (N + P) in the diammonium phosphate2O5) The mass portion is not less than 60%. Total nitrogen (N) not less than 15 wt%, available phosphorus (P)2O5) The mass fraction is not less than 43%, the water mass fraction is not more than 2.5%, and the mass fraction with the granularity of 2-4mm is not less than 80%.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for preparing the synergistic diammonium phosphate. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) introducing phosphoric acid and ammonia into the tubular reactor and the preneutralization reaction tank to perform neutralization reaction to respectively form ammonium phosphate slurry;
(2) adding a phosphate fertilizer synergist into the pre-neutralization tank to be mixed with the obtained ammonium phosphate slurry to obtain mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist;
(3) and respectively feeding the ammonium phosphate slurry from the tubular reactor and the mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist obtained in the pre-neutralization tank into a granulator to further react with ammonia for ammoniation granulation so as to obtain the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
Therefore, the synergistic diammonium phosphate with the effects of reducing the fixation of soil to diammonium phosphate, improving the activity of phosphorus, promoting the growth of root systems of crops and activating and supplementing trace elements in soil can be prepared by the synergistic diammonium phosphate preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the preparation process of the synergistic diammonium phosphate is simple, low in cost, sufficient in reaction and free from influencing the existing production process.
In addition, the method for preparing synergistic diammonium phosphate according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises: (4) and sequentially drying, screening, cooling and wrapping the synergistic diammonium phosphate by a phosphorus fertilizer wrapping agent to form the finished product of synergistic diammonium phosphate.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a process for producing enhanced diammonium phosphate according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for producing synergistic diammonium phosphate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, a phosphate fertilizer synergist is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, EDTA chelated trace elements and sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate, wherein based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, the content of the humic acid is 10-15 parts by weight, the content of the polyglutamic acid is 5-15 parts by weight, the content of the carboxymethyl chitosan is 2-5 parts by weight, the content of the EDTA chelated trace elements is 2.5-6 parts by weight, and the content of the sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 0.5-2 parts by weight. The inventor finds that humic acid and polyglutamic acid are natural high molecular substances which are rich in active functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl and have certain physical, chemical and biological activities, and can react with phosphorus through reactions such as complexation, chelation and adsorption. Therefore, the phosphorus fertilizer synergist containing the substances can obviously reduce the adsorption and fixation of the soil to phosphorus, activate insoluble phosphorus in the soil and improve the activity of the phosphorus, and in addition, the substances such as humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan and the like contained in the phosphorus fertilizer synergist also have the effects of stimulating the root system potential of crops and promoting the root system growth of the crops, thereby promoting the absorption of the phosphorus. For example, the humic acid is contained in an amount of 10 parts by weight, 11 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 13 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight and 15 parts by weight, the polyglutamic acid is contained in an amount of 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 11 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 13 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight and 15 parts by weight, the carboxymethyl chitosan is contained in an amount of 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight and 5 parts by weight, the EDTA chelated trace element is contained in an amount of 2.5 parts by weight, 3.0 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 4.0 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight, 5.0 parts by weight and 6.0 parts by weight, the sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is contained in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1.0 parts by weight, 1.1.0 parts by weight and 1.2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.7 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight and 2.0 parts by weight. Preferably, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, the content of humic acid is 11-13 parts by weight, the content of polyglutamic acid is 8-12 parts by weight, the content of carboxymethyl chitosan is 3-4 parts by weight, the content of EDTA chelated trace elements is 3.5-5 parts by weight, and the content of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 1-1.5 parts by weight. Therefore, the absorption and utilization of the phosphorus by the crops can be further promoted.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the EDTA chelating trace elements include at least one of disodium EDTA, zinc EDTA, iron EDTA, and manganese EDTA, and preferably include disodium EDTA, zinc EDTA, iron EDTA, and manganese EDTA. The inventor finds that EDTA is a good complexing agent, has strong chelating capacity, has stable property after being chelated with zinc, iron and manganese, can effectively reduce the fixation of the zinc, iron and manganese by soil, improves the effectiveness of trace elements, and meets the requirements of crops on various trace elements. In order to supplement trace elements in soil, the content of disodium EDTA is 1-3 parts by weight, the content of zinc EDTA is 0.8-1.5 parts by weight, the content of ferric EDTA is 0.5-1 part by weight, and the content of manganese EDTA is 0.2-0.5 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist. For example, the disodium EDTA is contained in an amount of 1.0 parts by weight, 1.1 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.7 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 2.0 parts by weight, 2.1 parts by weight, 2.2 parts by weight, 2.3 parts by weight, 2.4 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 2.6 parts by weight, 2.7 parts by weight, 2.8 parts by weight, 2.9 parts by weight, and 3.0 parts by weight, the zinc EDTA is contained in an amount of 0.8 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1.0 parts by weight, 1.1.1 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, and 1.5 parts by weight, and the iron EDTA is contained in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, and 2 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, and 3.0.0 parts by weight of the iron EDTA is contained in 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Preferably, the content of the disodium EDTA is 1.5-2.5 parts by weight, the content of the zinc EDTA is 1-1.3 parts by weight, the content of the ferric EDTA is 0.7-0.8 part by weight, and the content of the manganese EDTA is 0.3-0.4 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Therefore, the requirements of crops on trace elements can be effectively met.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer synergist has a solid content of not less than 20 parts by weight. The inventor finds that the higher content of the fixture can reduce the water content in the synergist and reduce the energy consumption generated by drying the synergistic diammonium phosphate. Therefore, the solid content is preferably not less than 26.5 parts by weight.
Therefore, the phosphate fertilizer synergist which can reduce the adsorption and fixation of soil to phosphorus, activate insoluble phosphorus in soil, improve the activity of phosphorus, promote the growth of crop roots and the absorption and utilization of phosphorus and activate and supplement trace elements in soil is prepared by the synergist preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In yet another aspect of the invention, synergistic diammonium phosphate is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the synergistic diammonium phosphate comprises diammonium phosphate and a synergist, wherein the synergist is the phosphate fertilizer synergist. The inventor finds that after the phosphate fertilizer synergist is added into diammonium phosphate, the phosphate fertilizer synergist can fully react with the diammonium phosphate to protect the phosphate fertilizer. Therefore, the synergistic diammonium phosphate with the functions of reducing the fixation of soil to phosphate fertilizer, improving the activity of phosphorus, promoting the growth of crop roots and activating and supplementing trace elements in soil can be prepared by the synergistic diammonium phosphate preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, based on 100 parts by weight of synergistic diammonium phosphate, the content of diammonium phosphate is 96.6-98.9 parts by weight, and the content of a phosphate fertilizer synergist is 1-3 parts by weight. The inventor finds that the phosphate fertilizer synergist added in the synergistic diammonium phosphate preparation process is less, the operation of a conventional diammonium phosphate production device is not influenced, the trace and high-efficiency aims can be achieved, the cost is low, the reaction is sufficient, and the existing production process is not influenced. For example, the content of the diammonium phosphate is 96.6 parts by weight, 96.7 parts by weight, 96.8 parts by weight, 96.9 parts by weight, 97.0 parts by weight, 97.1 parts by weight, 97.2 parts by weight, 97.3 parts by weight, 97.4 parts by weight, 97.5 parts by weight, 97.6 parts by weight, 97.7 parts by weight, 97.8 parts by weight, 97.9 parts by weight, 98.0 parts by weight, 98.1 parts by weight, 98.2 parts by weight, 98.3 parts by weight, 98.4 parts by weight, 98.5 parts by weight, 98.6 parts by weight, 98.7 parts by weight, 98.8 parts by weight, and 98.9 parts by weight, and the content of the synergist is 1 part by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 2.0 parts by weight, 2.2 parts by weight, 2.4 parts by weight, 2.6 parts by weight, 2.8 parts by weight, and 3.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the synergistic diammonium phosphate further comprises 0.1-0.4 parts by weight of a wrapping agent based on 100 parts by weight of synergistic diammonium phosphate. The inventor finds that after the surface of the synergistic diammonium phosphate particles is coated by a proper amount of the coating agent, the caking of the synergistic diammonium phosphate can be effectively avoided, and the appearance quality of the product is improved.
Furthermore, in order to meet the requirement of crop growth on macroelement nutrients, the total nutrient (N + P) in the synergistic diammonium phosphate adopted2O5) Not less than 60% by weight of total nitrogen (N) not less than 15% by weight, and available phosphorus (P)2O5) The mass fraction is not less than 43 percent, the water mass fraction is not more than 2.5 percent, the mass fraction with the granularity of 2-4mm is not less than 80 percent, and the requirements of the first-class diammonium phosphate product in the traditional method of the national standard (GB 10205-2009) are met. Therefore, the requirements of crops on major elements of nitrogen and phosphorus can be met, the nutrient content of the product is high, and the fertilizer preparation requirements of the compound fertilizer can be met.
It should be noted that the features and advantages described above for the phosphate fertilizer synergist are also applicable to the synergistic diammonium phosphate, and are not described herein again.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for preparing the synergistic diammonium phosphate. According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to fig. 1 and 2, the method comprises:
s100: introducing phosphoric acid and ammonia into a tubular reactor and a preneutralization reaction tank
In the step, phosphoric acid and liquid ammonia are respectively added into the tubular reactor and the preneutralization tank, and the phosphoric acid and the liquid ammonia are respectively subjected to neutralization reaction in the tubular reactor and the preneutralization tank to generate ammonium phosphate slurry.
S200: adding a phosphate fertilizer synergist into a preneutralization tank to be mixed with the obtained ammonium phosphate slurry
In the step, a phosphate fertilizer synergist containing humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, EDTA chelated trace elements and methylene dinaphthalene sodium sulfonate is added into a preneutralization tank by a metering pump and is uniformly mixed with the obtained ammonium phosphate slurry to generate mixed slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist. Specifically, the phosphate fertilizer synergist is added into the preneutralization tank and can be fully contacted with ammonium phosphate in the preneutralization tank, so that the synergist fully reacts with calcium, iron, aluminum and other ions carried in phosphoric acid, the degradation of phosphorus is reduced, the content of water-soluble phosphorus in diammonium is increased, and the phosphate fertilizer is well protected and activated.
S300: respectively feeding the ammonium phosphate slurry from the tubular reactor and the mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist obtained in the pre-neutralization tank into a granulator to further react with ammonia for ammoniation granulation
In the step, the ammonium phosphate slurry from the tubular reactor and the mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist from the pre-neutralization tank are respectively sprayed onto a fine returning solid bed layer in a granulator, and ammonia is supplied to further react with the ammonium phosphate slurry and the ammonia in the granulator, so that the neutralization degree is improved, and ammoniation granulation is carried out to obtain the synergistic diammonium phosphate particles. Thus, the ammonium phosphate slurry from the tubular reactor and the mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist obtained in the pre-neutralization tank are supplied to the granulator and granulated by spraying together, thereby increasing the load factor of the apparatus and improving the granulation efficiency and granulation rate.
Therefore, the synergistic diammonium phosphate prepared by the method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the effects of reducing the fixation of soil to phosphate fertilizer, improving the activity of phosphorus, promoting the growth of crop roots and activating and supplementing trace elements in soil, and meanwhile, the preparation process of the synergistic diammonium phosphate is simple, the cost is low, the reaction is sufficient, and the existing production process is not influenced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the above method for preparing synergistic diammonium phosphate further comprises:
s400: and sequentially drying, screening, cooling and wrapping the synergistic diammonium phosphate by the phosphorus fertilizer wrapping agent to form the finished product of synergistic diammonium phosphate.
In the process, the steps of drying, screening, cooling and wrapping with the phosphorus fertilizer wrapping agent are conventional operation processes in the prior art, and can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs, which are not described herein again.
Compared with the prior common diammonium, the synergistic diammonium phosphate provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the synergistic diammonium phosphate is produced according to a diammonium phosphate process, has few impurities, has the total nutrient content of nitrogen and phosphorus of more than 60 percent, and meets the first-grade diammonium phosphate requirement in the national standard (GB 10205-2009);
(2) the preparation process is formed by simple modification on the basis of a common diammonium phosphate preparation device, does not influence the existing production process, and has the advantages of simple process, low cost, uniform mixing of the synergist and full reaction. The phosphate fertilizer synergist is added into the pre-neutralization tank, so that the contact time of the synergist and the phosphate fertilizer is prolonged, the synergist can fully react with calcium, iron, aluminum and other ions in ammonium phosphate, the degradation of phosphorus is reduced, the content of water-soluble phosphorus in diammonium is increased, and the phosphate fertilizer is well protected and activated;
(3) the produced synergistic diammonium phosphate has the effects of reducing the fixation of soil to phosphorus, improving the effectiveness of the phosphorus, activating and supplementing trace elements in the soil, and substances such as humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan and the like contained in the synergistic diammonium phosphate also have the effects of stimulating the potential of crop roots and promoting the growth of the crop roots, thereby promoting the absorption of the phosphorus.
It should be noted that the features and advantages described above for the synergistic diammonium phosphate also apply to the method for preparing synergistic diammonium phosphate, and are not described in detail here.
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are exemplary only, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, all reagents used in the following examples are commercially available or can be synthesized according to methods herein or known, and are readily available to those skilled in the art for reaction conditions not listed, if not explicitly stated.
Example 1
The synergistic diammonium phosphate comprises: 98.9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 1.0 part of phosphate fertilizer synergist and 0.1 part of phosphorus fertilizer coating agent (a special coating agent for diammonium phosphate produced by Fubang, which is compounded by an anticaking agent, natural oil and a surfactant).
Wherein, the total nutrient of diammonium phosphate is (N + P)2O5) The mass fraction is 62.2%; the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises 15.0 parts by weight of humic acid, 15.0 parts by weight of polyglutamic acid, 5.0 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, 6.0 parts by weight of EDTA chelated trace elements and 2.0 parts by weight of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, wherein the solid matter content of the phosphate fertilizer synergist is 43.0%, and the EDTA chelated trace elements comprise 3.0 parts by weight of disodium EDTA, 1.5 parts by weight of zinc EDTA, 1.0 part by weight of ferric EDTA and 0.5 part by weight of manganese EDTA based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
The synergistic diammonium phosphate is prepared by the following method:
(1) phosphoric acid and liquid ammonia are respectively introduced into the tubular reactor and the preneutralization reaction tank, the phosphoric acid and the liquid ammonia are subjected to neutralization reaction to generate ammonium phosphate slurry, and then a phosphorus fertilizer synergist containing humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, EDTA chelated trace elements and methylene dinaphthalene sodium sulfonate is added into the preneutralization tank by using a metering pump and is uniformly mixed with the obtained ammonium phosphate slurry to generate mixed slurry containing the phosphorus fertilizer synergist.
(2) Respectively spraying ammonium phosphate slurry from the tubular reactor and mixed slurry containing a phosphate fertilizer synergist in the pre-neutralization tank onto a fine return solid bed layer in a granulator, simultaneously supplying ammonia to further react the ammonium phosphate slurry with the ammonia in the granulator to improve the neutralization degree, and carrying out ammoniation granulation to obtain the synergistic diammonium phosphate particles containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
(3) And drying, screening, cooling and wrapping the synergistic diammonium phosphate by the phosphorus fertilizer wrapping agent in sequence to obtain a synergistic diammonium phosphate finished product.
The synergistic diammonium phosphate prepared by the steps contains the total nutrient (N + P) in the main components2O5) 61.5% of total nitrogen (N), 16.5% of total nitrogen (N), and available phosphorus (P)2O5) 45.0 percent of mass fraction, 1.8 percent of water mass fraction and not less than 80 percent of mass fraction with the granularity of 2-4 mm.
Example 2
The synergistic diammonium phosphate comprises: 96.6 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3.0 parts of phosphate fertilizer synergist and 0.4 part of phosphorus fertilizer coating agent (a special coating agent for diammonium phosphate produced by Fubang, which is compounded by an anticaking agent, natural oil and a surfactant).
Wherein, the total nutrient of diammonium phosphate is (N + P)2O5) The mass fraction is 62.0 percent; the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises 10.0 parts by weight of humic acid, 5.0 parts by weight of polyglutamic acid, 2.0 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, 2.5 parts by weight of EDTA chelated trace elements and 0.5 part by weight of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, wherein the solid matter content of the phosphate fertilizer synergist is 20.0%, and the EDTA chelated trace elements comprise 1.0 part by weight of disodium EDTA, 0.8 part by weight of zinc EDTA, 0.5 part by weight of ferric EDTA and 0.2 part by weight of manganese EDTA based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
The process for the preparation of synergistic diammonium phosphate is the same as in example 1.
The synergistic diammonium phosphate prepared by the steps contains the total nutrient (N + P) in the main components2O5) 60.5 percent of total nitrogen (N), 16.2 percent of available phosphorus (P)2O5) 44.3 percent of water, 1.8 percent of water and not less than 80 percent of granularity 2-4 mm.
Example 3
The synergistic diammonium phosphate comprises: 98.3 parts of diammonium phosphate, 1.5 parts of a phosphate fertilizer synergist and 0.2 part of a phosphorus fertilizer coating agent (a special coating agent for diammonium phosphate produced by Fubang, which is compounded by an anticaking agent, natural oil and a surfactant).
Wherein, the total nutrient of diammonium phosphate is (N + P)2O5) The mass fraction is 62.1%; the phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises 13.0 parts by weight of humic acid, 12.0 parts by weight of polyglutamic acid, 4.0 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, 5.0 parts by weight of EDTA chelated trace elements and 1.5 parts by weight of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, wherein the solid matter content of the phosphate fertilizer synergist is 35.5%, and the EDTA chelated trace elements comprise 2.5 parts by weight of disodium EDTA, 1.3 parts by weight of zinc EDTA, 0.8 parts by weight of ferric EDTA and 0.4 part by weight of manganese EDTA based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
The process for the preparation of synergistic diammonium phosphate is the same as in example 1.
The synergistic diammonium phosphate prepared by the steps contains the total nutrient (N + P) in the main components2O5) 61.0% by mass, 16.3% by mass of total nitrogen (N), and available phosphorus (P)2O5) 44.7 percent of water, 1.5 percent of water and not less than 80 percent of granularity 2-4 mm.
Example 4
The synergistic diammonium phosphate comprises: 97.7 parts by weight of diammonium phosphate, 2.0 parts by weight of a phosphate fertilizer synergist and 0.3 part by weight of a phosphorus fertilizer coating agent (a special coating agent for diammonium phosphate produced by Fubang, which is compounded by an anticaking agent, natural oil and a surfactant).
Wherein, the total nutrient of diammonium phosphate is (N + P)2O5) The mass portion is 62.4%; based on 100 parts by weight of phosphate fertilizer synergist, the phosphate fertilizer synergist containsThe phosphate fertilizer synergist comprises 11.0 parts by weight of humic acid, 8.0 parts by weight of polyglutamic acid, 3.0 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, 3.5 parts by weight of EDTA chelated trace elements and 1.0 part by weight of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate, wherein the solid mass part of the phosphate fertilizer synergist is 26.5%, and the EDTA chelated trace elements comprise 1.5 parts by weight of disodium EDTA, 1.0 part by weight of zinc EDTA, 0.7 part by weight of ferric EDTA and 0.3 part by weight of manganese EDTA based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
The process for the preparation of synergistic diammonium phosphate is the same as in example 1.
The synergistic diammonium phosphate prepared by the steps contains the total nutrient (N + P) in the main components2O5) 60.8 percent of total nitrogen (N), 16.3 percent of available phosphorus (P)2O5) 44.5 percent of water, 1.5 percent of water and not less than 80 percent of granularity 2-4 mm.
Example 5
And (3) a verification test of the root promoting effect of the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
The experimental design was as follows:
the corn variety to be tested: zhengdan 958
Test site: shandong Dezhou
Test time: 6/month 01/6/month 25/2018
Fertilizer to be tested: common diammonium phosphate (N-P)2O518-46), four synergistic diammonium phosphates in examples 1, 2, 3 and 4.
The fertilizer efficiency of the synergistic phosphate fertilizer is verified by adopting a pot experiment, 5 treatments are carried out in the experiment, namely common diammonium phosphate is treated as 1, synergistic diammonium phosphate is treated as 2 in example 1, synergistic diammonium phosphate is treated as 3 in example 2, synergistic diammonium phosphate is treated as 4 in example 3, and synergistic diammonium phosphate is treated as 5 in example 4, each treatment is repeated for 5 times, 25 pots are totally filled with soil, and 4kg of soil is filled in each pot. The phosphorus amount is applied according to the equal phosphorus amount, 5 phosphate fertilizers in the pot culture are applied with phosphorus amount (P)2O5) 0.15g/kg dry soil and the nitrogen-potassium fertilizer is urea and potassium chloride respectively, and the fertilizers are mixed uniformly and then are applied into a basin. Wherein the corn growth period management is carried out according to the local conventional cultivation technologyAnd measuring the root activity, the dry weight of the roots and the dry weight of the overground part of each treatment after the corns grow for 25 days.
The analysis of the test results is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The results in table 1 show that, compared with the common diammonium phosphate treated in table 1, the corn root activity of the 4 synergistic diammonium phosphates in the examples is increased by 29.45% to 39.41%, the root dry weight is increased by 11.35% to 23.78%, the overground part dry weight is increased by 6.58% to 14.47%, and the root cap ratio of the corn is increased by 4.48% to 8.13%. It can be seen that the synergistic diammonium phosphate promotes the growth of corn root systems, improves the activity of the root systems, and further can promote the biomass of the upper part of the corn field.
Example 6
And (3) testing the fertilizer effect of the synergistic diammonium phosphate on summer corns.
The experimental design was as follows:
the tested small rape varieties: zhengdan 958
Test site: shandong Dezhou
Test time: 20 days 6 months in 2018-29 months 10 months in 2018
Fertilizer to be tested: common diammonium phosphate (N-P)2O518-46), four synergistic diammonium phosphates in examples 1, 2, 3 and 4.
The fertilizer efficiency of the synergistic phosphate fertilizer is verified in a field, 5 treatments are respectively carried out in the experiments, namely, 1 mu of common diammonium phosphate is treated in a treatment area, 2 is the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 1, 3 is the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 2, 4 is the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 3, and 5 is the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 4, and each treatment area is 1 mu. The phosphorus fertilizer for test is added according to the phosphorus amount (P)2O5)10 kg/mu, and all the nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are urea and potassium chloride respectively. The management of the corn growth period is carried out according to the local conventional cultivation technology, and the yield and the phosphorus absorption amount of each treatment are measured after the corn is harvested.
The analysis of the test results is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The results in table 2 show that compared with the treatment of 1 common diammonium phosphate, the corn yield of the 4 synergistic diammonium phosphates in the examples is increased by 5.25% -13.70%, and the apparent utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is increased by 9.33% -22.91%. It can be seen that the synergistic diammonium phosphate promotes the growth of corn and improves the absorption and utilization of phosphorus by corn.
Example 7
And (3) testing the water-soluble phosphorus fixation rate of the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
Weighing about 1g (accurate to 0.0001g) of a sample passing through a 0.50mm sieve, putting two parts of the sample into a 200mL leaching bottle, adding 100mL of water (solution A) into one part of the sample, adding 80mL of water and 20mL of 100g/L calcium chloride solution (solution B) into the other part of the sample, screwing a bottle cap, oscillating the sample in a constant temperature oscillator with the oscillation speed of 180 times/min for 30min in a reciprocating manner, filtering, respectively measuring the content of water-soluble phosphorus in each sample filtrate, wherein the content of phosphorus in the filtrate A is the content of water-soluble phosphorus, and the content of water-soluble phosphorus in the filtrate A minus the content of water-soluble phosphorus in the filtrate B is the amount of water-soluble phosphorus fixed by calcium ions. And comparing the content of the water-soluble phosphorus in the synergistic diammonium phosphate and the fixation rate of the water-soluble phosphorus by taking the common diammonium phosphate as a reference. The total of 5 treatments, treatment 1, respectively, was common diammonium phosphate (N-P)2O518-46), treatment 2 was the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 1, treatment 3 was the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 2, treatment 4 was the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 3, and treatment 5 was the synergistic diammonium phosphate obtained in example 4, each treatment being repeated 5 times.
The analysis of the test results is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
The results in table 3 show that compared with the treatment of 1 common diammonium phosphate, the 4 synergistic diammonium phosphates in the examples can improve the water-soluble phosphorus content in the fertilizer by 3.60 to 6.45 percentage points, and reduce the fixation rate of water-soluble phosphorus by 19.33 to 19.65 percentage points, so that the synergist for the phosphate fertilizer can improve the water-soluble phosphorus content in diammonium phosphate, reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer, and improve the effectiveness of the phosphate fertilizer in soil.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A phosphate fertilizer synergist is characterized by comprising: humic acid, polyglutamic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, EDTA chelated trace elements, sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate,
based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, the content of humic acid is 10-15 parts by weight, the content of polyglutamic acid is 5-15 parts by weight, the content of carboxymethyl chitosan is 2-5 parts by weight, the content of EDTA chelated trace elements is 2.5-6 parts by weight, and the content of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 0.5-2 parts by weight.
2. The phosphate fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, wherein the content of humic acid is 11 to 13 parts by weight, the content of polyglutamic acid is 8 to 12 parts by weight, the content of carboxymethyl chitosan is 3 to 4 parts by weight, the content of EDTA chelated trace elements is 3.5 to 5 parts by weight, and the content of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate is 1 to 1.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
3. A phosphate fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of solids in the phosphate fertilizer synergist is not less than 20 parts by weight, preferably not less than 26.5 parts by weight.
4. The phosphate fertilizer synergist of claim 1, wherein the EDTA chelated trace elements include at least one of disodium EDTA, zinc EDTA, iron EDTA, and manganese EDTA.
5. The phosphate fertilizer synergist according to claim 4, wherein the disodium EDTA is present in an amount of 1 to 3 parts by weight, the zinc EDTA is present in an amount of 0.8 to 1.5 parts by weight, the iron EDTA is present in an amount of 0.5 to 1 part by weight, and the manganese EDTA is present in an amount of 0.2 to 0.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphate fertilizer synergist.
6. A phosphate fertilizer synergist according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, based on 100 parts by weight of said phosphate fertilizer synergist, said disodium EDTA is present in an amount of 1.5-2.5 parts by weight, said zinc EDTA is present in an amount of 1-1.3 parts by weight, said iron EDTA is present in an amount of 0.7-0.8 parts by weight, and said manganese EDTA is present in an amount of 0.3-0.4 parts by weight.
7. Synergistic diammonium phosphate, characterized in that it comprises diammonium phosphate and a synergist, wherein the synergist is a phosphate fertilizer synergist according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The synergistic diammonium phosphate according to claim 7, characterized in that the content of diammonium phosphate is 96.6 to 98.9 parts by weight and the content of synergist is 1 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of synergistic diammonium phosphate.
9. The synergistic diammonium phosphate according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises from 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight of a coating agent, based on 100 parts by weight of synergistic diammonium phosphate.
10. The synergistic diammonium phosphate according to claim 7, characterized in that the mass fraction of total nitrogen in the synergistic diammonium phosphate is not less than 15%, the mass fraction of available phosphorus is not less than 43%, the mass fraction of water is not higher than 2.5%, and the mass fraction with a particle size of 2-4mm is not less than 80%.
11. A process for the preparation of synergistic diammonium phosphate according to any of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that it comprises:
(1) introducing phosphoric acid and ammonia into the tubular reactor and the preneutralization reaction tank to perform neutralization reaction to respectively form ammonium phosphate slurry;
(2) adding a phosphate fertilizer synergist into the pre-neutralization tank to be mixed with the obtained ammonium phosphate slurry to obtain mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist;
(3) and respectively feeding the ammonium phosphate slurry from the tubular reactor and the mixed ammonium phosphate slurry containing the phosphate fertilizer synergist obtained in the pre-neutralization tank into a granulator to further react with ammonia for ammoniation granulation so as to obtain the synergistic diammonium phosphate.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
(4) and drying, screening, cooling and coating the synergistic diammonium phosphate in sequence to form the finished product of synergistic diammonium phosphate.
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