CN111320506A - Peanut fertilizer composition, preparation method and fertilizing method - Google Patents
Peanut fertilizer composition, preparation method and fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111320506A CN111320506A CN202010232714.0A CN202010232714A CN111320506A CN 111320506 A CN111320506 A CN 111320506A CN 202010232714 A CN202010232714 A CN 202010232714A CN 111320506 A CN111320506 A CN 111320506A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a peanut fertilizer combination, a preparation method and a fertilizing method, wherein the peanut fertilizer combination comprises the following components: a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 35 to 45 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 20 to 30 percent of ammonium nitrate, 25 to 35 percent of potassium sulfate and 3 to 6 percent of first micro-fertilizer; a second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 5-15% of urea, 25-35% of monoammonium phosphate, 15-25% of monopotassium phosphate, 25-35% of potassium sulfate and 5-15% of second micro-fertilizer; a third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 15 to 25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 40 to 50 percent of potassium sulfate and 3 to 8 percent of third micro-fertilizer; fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 55 to 65 percent of potassium sulfate, 5 to 15 percent of fourth micro-fertilizer and a plant growth inhibitor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers and fertilizing methods thereof, in particular to a peanut fertilizer combination, a preparation method and a fertilizing method.
Background
At present, peanuts are high-efficiency economic oil crops, the national edible oil safety is guaranteed, high-quality plant protein is provided, and the peanut straws and peanut shells are high-quality high-protein feed. In the future, peanuts are important economic crops for agricultural development in China, so the problem of researching the fertilizer demand and the fertilizer demand rule of the peanuts is of great significance, and therefore, the development of a water-fertilizer integrated efficient fertilization technology for the peanuts becomes a key for solving the whole technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides a peanut fertilizer combination which comprises the following components:
a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 35 to 45 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 20 to 30 percent of ammonium nitrate, 25 to 35 percent of potassium sulfate and 3 to 6 percent of first micro-fertilizer;
a second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 5-15% of urea, 25-35% of monoammonium phosphate, 15-25% of monopotassium phosphate, 25-35% of potassium sulfate and 5-15% of second micro-fertilizer.
A third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of monoammonium phosphate, 15-25% of monopotassium phosphate, 40-50% of potassium sulfate and 3-8% of third micro-fertilizer.
Fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 55 to 65 percent of potassium sulfate and 5 to 15 percent of fourth micro-fertilizer.
In some embodiments, the first micro-fertilizer is one or more of zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sodium EDTA and borax;
the second micro-fertilizer is one or more of ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, chitin, potassium fulvate, EDDHA sodium, borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and EDTA sodium;
the third micro-fertilizer is one or more of ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, chitin, potassium fulvate, EDDHA sodium, borax, ferrous sulfate and EDTA sodium;
the fourth micro-fertilizer is one or more of calcium nitrate, manganese sulfate, potassium fulvate and ferrous sulfate.
In some embodiments, the first, second and third sets of fertilizers each further comprise: citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid, and the fourth group of fertilizers also comprises a plant growth inhibitor.
In some embodiments, the plant growth inhibitor is uniconazole, paclobutrazol, and ethephon.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of preparing a peanut fertilizer composition, the first step
A preparation method of a group of fertilizers comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing the first micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain first micro-fertilizer mixed powder, then proportionally melting monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into water, proportionally adding ammonium nitrate to dissolve to obtain first mixed solution, and adding the first micro-fertilizer mixed powder into the first mixed solution to obtain the first group of fertilizer;
mixing second trace fertilizers according to a proportion to obtain a second trace fertilizer mixed solution, and then sequentially pouring urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate according to a proportion into the second trace fertilizer mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a second group of fertilizers;
mixing the third micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a third micro-fertilizer mixed solution, and sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate according to a proportion into the third micro-fertilizer mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a third group of fertilizers;
mixing the fourth micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution, sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate according to a proportion into the fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution to dissolve the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate to obtain a second mixed solution, and separately packaging the second mixed solution;
packaging the plant growth inhibitor separately; and adding the plant growth inhibitor into the second mixed solution in proportion to obtain the fourth group of fertilizer.
According to another aspect of the application, a fertilizing method of the peanut fertilizer combination is provided, and the fertilizing method adopts water and fertilizer integration for fertilizing.
In some embodiments, the fertilizing method comprises the steps of:
s101, performing drip irrigation on the first group of fertilizers through peanut emergence;
s102, carrying out drip irrigation on the second group of fertilizers in the peanut flowering period;
s103, carrying out drip irrigation on the third group of fertilizers in the peanut needle bearing period;
and S104, carrying out drip irrigation on the fourth group of fertilizers in the full peanut period.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the peanut fertilizer combination, the preparation method and the fertilizing method, different fertilizer combinations are provided at different growth stages of peanuts, so that the fertilizer utilization efficiency can be improved, and the growth of the peanuts can be promoted; the peanut fertilizer is combined, and a water and fertilizer integration technology is utilized to fertilize, so that the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, the loss and residual pollution of the fertilizer are reduced, and the simple, accurate, green and efficient peanut production is realized.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of the fertilizing method for the peanut fertilizer combination.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The application provides a peanut fertilizer combination includes: a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 35 to 45 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 20 to 30 percent of ammonium nitrate, 25 to 35 percent of potassium sulfate and 3 to 6 percent of first micro-fertilizer; a second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 5-15% of urea, 25-35% of monoammonium phosphate, 15-25% of monopotassium phosphate, 25-35% of potassium sulfate and 5-15% of second micro-fertilizer. A third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of monoammonium phosphate, 15-25% of monopotassium phosphate, 40-50% of potassium sulfate and 3-8% of third micro-fertilizer; fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 55 to 65 percent of potassium sulfate and 5 to 15 percent of fourth micro-fertilizer.
In the embodiment of the application, the monoammonium phosphate is white crystals, and is most suitable for being applied during the growth of peanuts as a fertilizer, the monoammonium phosphate is acidic in soil, is better than common calcium and ammonium sulfate in acidic soil, and is also superior to other fertilizers in alkaline soil;
ammonium nitrate is colorless and odorless transparent crystal or white crystal, is very easy to dissolve in water, is used as a fertilizer in agriculture, has the total nitrogen content of about 34 percent, and is called as a quick-acting fertilizer;
the potassium sulfate is a chemically neutral and physiologically acidic fertilizer, is suitable for various soils and crops, and after being applied to the soil, potassium ions can be directly absorbed and utilized by the crops and can also be adsorbed by soil colloids.
Urea, the highest nitrogen fertilizer containing nitrogen at present, is suitable for various soils and plants. It is easy to store, convenient to use, and has little damage to soil.
The monopotassium phosphate is suitable for various crops, has a plurality of excellent effects of remarkably increasing both production and income, improving quantity and optimizing quality, resisting lodging, diseases and insect pests, preventing and treating premature senility and the like, has the effect of overcoming insufficient nutrition caused by the reduction of the aging absorption capacity of the root system in the later growth stage of the crops, and is applied to a dropper spray irrigation system.
16 elements are necessary for the growth and development of plants, but the required quantity of the elements is greatly different, and carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur are conventionally called macroelements; the remaining 7 elements, which are small in the required amount and have a content of 0.01% or less, are called trace elements. Relative to the major elements, the iron-based rare earth-based rare. The trace elements iron, zinc, manganese and the like are traditionally supplemented with inorganic salts thereof, such as zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate and the like. Illustratively, copper fertilizers, boron fertilizers, molybdenum fertilizers, manganese fertilizers, iron fertilizers, zinc fertilizers, and the like are all referred to as micro-fertilizers.
The application provides a pair of peanut fertilizer combination adopts monoammonium phosphate saturated solution, and all the other fertilizers do not reach the saturation, and stability is good, and rarely has the precipitation particle phenomenon in the storage process, has accomplished to preserve and convenient to use, to the peanut in the demand of each period growth and development to nutrient element, has improved the utilization ratio of fertilizer.
In some embodiments, the weight percentages of the main components in the first group of fertilizers are: 38-42% of monoammonium phosphate, 22-28% of ammonium nitrate, 28-32% of potassium sulfate and 4-6% of first micro-fertilizer; the second group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 8-12% of urea, 28-33% of monoammonium phosphate, 18-23% of monopotassium phosphate, 27-32% of potassium sulfate and 8-12% of second micro-fertilizer; the third group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 28-32% of monoammonium phosphate, 18-23% of monopotassium phosphate, 42-48% of potassium sulfate and 4-6% of third micro-fertilizer; the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 28-32% of monoammonium phosphate, 58-63% of potassium sulfate and 8-12% of a fourth micro-fertilizer.
In the embodiment of the present application, preferably, the first group of fertilizers comprises the following components by weight percent: 40% of monoammonium phosphate, 25% of ammonium nitrate, 30% of potassium sulfate, 1% of zinc sulfate, 1% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 1% of borax, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. The second group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of urea, 30% of monoammonium phosphate, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 30% of potassium sulfate, 2% of ammonium molybdate, 1% of manganese sulfate, 0.5% of chitin, 0.5% of potassium fulvate, 0.5% of EDDHA sodium, 1.5% of borax, 1.5% of zinc sulfate, 0.5% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. The third group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of monoammonium phosphate, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 45% of potassium sulfate, 0.5% of ammonium molybdate, 0.5% of manganese sulfate, 0.5% of chitin, 0.5% of potassium fulvate, 0.5% of EDDHA sodium, 0.5% of borax, 0.5% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 0.5% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. The fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of monoammonium phosphate, 60% of potassium sulfate, 3.5% of calcium nitrate, 2.0% of manganese sulfate, 1.0% of potassium fulvate, 2.0% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of citric acid, 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid, 0.1% of uniconazole, 0.2% of paclobutrazol and 0.2% of ethephon.
The application provides a peanut fertilizer combination, to the demand of peanut to the nutrient element in each period growth and development, accurate calculation ratio, consider moreover that different soil is to the nutrient element adsorption, the soil that the adsorption affinity is strong adopts the upper limit.
In some embodiments, the first trace element fertilizer is one or more of zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sodium EDTA and borax; the second micro-fertilizer is one or more of ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, chitin, potassium fulvate, EDDHA sodium, borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and EDTA sodium; the third micro-fertilizer is one or more of ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, chitin, potassium fulvate, EDDHA sodium, borax, ferrous sulfate and EDTA sodium; the fourth micro-fertilizer adopts one or more of calcium nitrate, manganese sulfate, potassium fulvate and ferrous sulfate.
In the embodiment of the application, the correct use of zinc sulfate can prevent peanut diseases, is also a common fertilizer for supplementing crop zinc microelement fertilizer, and can be used as a base fertilizer, a leaf fertilizer and the like.
The zinc sulfate fertilizer has the following effects: zinc can promote photosynthesis of peanut, and zinc can participate in synthesis of auxin indoleacetic acid and synthesis of peanut protein.
The ferrous sulfate fertilizer can treat iron deficiency of plant and yellow leaf of plant
The peanut can supplement iron elements in the peanut and promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus elements along with the application of the ferrous sulfate fertilizer, and because ferrous sulfate has strong reducibility, the oxidation-reduction process in the peanut can be greatly regulated to promote the absorption of various elements.
Sodium EDTA and EDDHA stabilize metal ions and prevent precipitation.
Borax, a white powder containing colorless crystals, is easily soluble in water, and is a trace element fertilizer for crops. The physiological role of boron in plants is roughly divided into the following: participating in the metabolism and transportation of sugar in crops; inhibiting the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and lignin; promoting pollen germination and pollen tube growth; promoting the growth and development of seeds and fruits; influence cell division, differentiation and maturation; participate in the metabolism of auxin hormones; the calcium uptake of peanuts is promoted, the boron fertilizer is applied to leguminous crops such as peanuts, the yield increase effect is very obvious, and the effect is more obvious than that of dry application when the boron fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer in a hole watering mode or an additional fertilizer in a seedling stage during sowing.
The molybdenum is one of the essential micronutrients of the peanuts, the deficiency of the molybdenum can influence the nitrogen fixation of nodules and the synthesis of protein, and the molybdenum can also promote the absorption of phosphorus by the peanuts and the conversion of inorganic phosphorus into organic phosphorus.
Manganese sulfate is a trace element needed by crops for synthesizing fatty acid, so that the manganese sulfate can be applied to soil as a fertilizer and can increase the yield.
Chitin and potassium fulvate, and has effects of regulating growth state, and relieving peanut injury when diseases and drought occur.
Calcium nitrate, a quick-acting fertilizer for acid soil and a plant quick calcium supplement agent in agriculture.
According to the peanut fertilizer combination provided by the embodiment of the application, the lack of trace elements in each growth stage of peanuts is relieved by adding different trace fertilizers.
In some embodiments, the first, second and third sets of fertilizers each further comprise: citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid, and the fourth group of fertilizers also comprises a plant growth inhibitor.
In the embodiment of the application, citric acid is an important organic acid and is easily dissolved in water. Action of citric acid: (1) the citric acid can relieve the salt damage of the peanut growth of the crops to provide a good soil environment for the peanuts, when the salt content in the soil of the peanuts is too high or exceeds the limit which can be borne by the crops, the growth is blocked, the damage of soil salinization is shown, and the citric acid can be complexed with metal ions on the surface of the soil on the salinized soil, so that the ion concentration and the activity of the citric acid can be effectively reduced, the salt damage of the soil is relieved, and the good soil environment is provided for the peanuts. (2) Citric acid can wash the sprinkling irrigation system of peanut, improves the fertilization effect of peanut. The inner wall of the drip irrigation system can generate sediment after long-term use, and the sediment can block the drip hole after long-term accumulation, thereby influencing the fertilization effect. The citric acid can dissolve the sediment in the drip irrigation wall, and the effect of cleaning the drip irrigation is achieved. Effectively preventing the dropper from being blocked.
Acetylsalicylic acid is a white crystal or crystalline powder, odorless or slightly smelly with acetic acid, and slightly soluble in water.
The plant growth inhibitor is used for inhibiting the growth of apical meristem to make the plant lose apical dominance; many lateral branches, small leaves, and affected reproductive organs.
According to the peanut fertilizer combination, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid are added into the first group of fertilizers, the second group of fertilizers and the third group of fertilizers, so that the soil salt damage of peanuts in the growth process can be effectively relieved, and on the other hand, a peanut sprinkling irrigation system can be cleaned, so that the peanut fertilization effect is improved; by adding the plant growth inhibitor into the fourth group of fertilizers, the overgrowth of plants can be prevented, and the yield of peanut fruits can be influenced.
In some embodiments, the plant growth inhibitor is uniconazole, paclobutrazol, and ethephon.
According to another aspect of the application, a preparation method of the peanut fertilizer composition is provided,
a first group of fertilizers is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
the first group of fertilizer preparation methods: mixing the first micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a first micro-fertilizer mixed solution, then proportionally mixing monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into water, proportionally adding ammonium nitrate to dissolve to obtain a first mixed solution, and adding the first micro-fertilizer mixed solution into the first mixed solution to obtain a first group of fertilizers.
The second group of fertilizer preparation methods: mixing the second micro-fertilizers according to a proportion to obtain a second micro-fertilizer mixed solution, and then sequentially pouring urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate according to a proportion into the second micro-fertilizer mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a second group of fertilizers;
the third group of fertilizer preparation methods: mixing the third micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a third micro-fertilizer mixed solution, and sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate according to a proportion into the third micro-fertilizer mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a third group of fertilizer;
the fourth group of fertilizer preparation methods comprises: mixing the fourth micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution, sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate according to a proportion into the fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution to dissolve the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate to obtain a second mixed solution, and separately packaging the second mixed solution; packaging the plant growth inhibitor separately; and adding the plant growth inhibitor into the second mixed solution in proportion to obtain the fourth group of fertilizer.
In some embodiments, a method for preparing a peanut fertilizer composition can be specifically realized by the following steps:
the first group of fertilizer preparation methods: mixing zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, EDTA sodium and borax according to a certain proportion to obtain first micro-fertilizer mixed powder; proportionally dissolving monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into water to form a saturated solution; adding ammonium nitrate into the saturated solution in a certain proportion to dissolve the ammonium nitrate to obtain a first mixed solution; slowly melting the first micro-fertilizer mixed powder into the first mixed solution at room temperature to obtain a first group of fertilizers.
The second group of fertilizer preparation methods: dissolving EDDHA sodium and EDTA sodium into water according to a certain proportion, then sequentially adding manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax according to a certain proportion, and after uniform dissolution, sequentially dissolving chitin, potassium fulvate, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid according to a certain proportion to obtain a second mixed solution;
and pouring urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate into the second mixed solution in sequence according to the proportion for dissolving to obtain a second group of fertilizers.
The third group of fertilizer preparation methods: dissolving EDDHA sodium and EDTA sodium into water according to a certain proportion, then sequentially adding manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax according to a certain proportion, dissolving chitin, potassium fulvate, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid according to a certain proportion to obtain a third mixed solution; and sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate into the third mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a third group of fertilizers.
The fourth group of fertilizer preparation methods comprises: mixing the fourth micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution, sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate according to a proportion into the fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution to dissolve the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate to obtain a second mixed solution, and separately packaging the second mixed solution;
packaging the plant growth inhibitor separately; and adding the plant growth inhibitor into the second mixed solution in proportion to obtain a fourth group of fertilizer.
In some embodiments, the preparation method is specifically:
the first group of fertilizer preparation methods: firstly, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sodium EDTA, borax, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid are uniformly mixed and are individually packaged in small bags; secondly, dissolving monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into water to form a saturated solution; thirdly, adding ammonium nitrate into the saturated solution to slowly dissolve the ammonium nitrate, and waiting for the temperature to rise again for later use; fourthly, slowly melting the mixed trace element fertilizer into the fertilizer solution; fifthly, barreling and sealing are selected to obtain a first group of fertilizers which can be stored for a long time and transported for a long distance.
The second group of fertilizer preparation methods: firstly, dissolving EDDHA sodium and EDTA sodium into water, then sequentially adding manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax, and after uniform dissolution, sequentially dissolving chitin, potassium fulvate, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid; secondly, pouring urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate into water in sequence for dissolving; thirdly, the dissolved solution is selected to be barreled and sealed to obtain a second group of fertilizers. Can be stored for a long time and transported for a long distance.
The third group of fertilizer preparation methods: firstly, dissolving EDDHA sodium and EDTA sodium into water, then sequentially adding manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax, and after uniform dissolution, sequentially dissolving chitin, potassium fulvate, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid; secondly, sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate into water for dissolving; and thirdly, the dissolved solution is selected to be barreled and sealed to obtain a third group of fertilizer which can be stored for a long time and transported for a long distance. Fourthly, the biological bacterial manure is stored separately.
The fourth group of fertilizer preparation methods comprises: firstly, dissolving manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate and calcium nitrate uniformly in sequence, and then dissolving potassium fulvate, citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid in sequence; secondly, pouring monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into water in sequence for dissolving; thirdly, uniconazole 0.1%; paclobutrazol 0.2%; separately packaging 0.2% ethephon into powder, and adding into the dissolved solution at a certain proportion; fourthly, the fourth group of fertilizers is obtained by selecting barrel packaging and sealing, and can be stored for a long time and transported for a long distance.
The application provides a preparation method of peanut fertilizer combination, through the raw materials that add in proper order, can make the fertilizer of preparation dissolve well, improve the absorption efficiency of plant, convenient operation, simple, easily control.
According to another aspect of the application, a fertilizing method of the peanut fertilizer combination is provided, and the fertilizing method adopts water and fertilizer integration for fertilizing.
In some embodiments, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of the present application for providing a fertilizing method for a peanut fertilizer assembly, as shown in fig. 1, the fertilizing method for the peanut fertilizer assembly includes the following steps:
s101, performing drip irrigation on a first group of fertilizers after peanut emergence;
in the embodiment of the application, the first group of fertilizers for peanut emergence drip irrigation can be realized through the following steps: the yield per mu is more than 500kg, and the drip irrigation is needed for the land parcel to go up 28-35 kg; when in drip irrigation, the fertilizer is directly poured into a fertilizing tank and filled with water, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and applied along with water drip irrigation.
S102, carrying out drip irrigation on a second group of fertilizers in the flowering period of the peanuts;
in the embodiment of the application, the drip irrigation of the second group of fertilizers in the flowering phase of the peanuts can be realized through the following steps: the yield per mu is more than 500kg, and 35-40kg of drip irrigation is needed for the land parcel; when in drip irrigation, the fertilizer is directly poured into a fertilizing tank and filled with water, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and applied along with water drip irrigation.
S103, carrying out drip irrigation on a third group of fertilizers in the peanut needle setting and pod setting period;
in the embodiment of the application, the third group of fertilizer is dripped in the pod bearing period of the peanuts, and the fertilizer can be obtained through the following steps: the yield per mu is more than 500kg, and 25-30kg of drip irrigation is needed for the land parcel; 1kg of peanut rhizobium fertilizer is firstly used during drip irrigation; pouring 1kg of bacillus subtilis into a fertilizing tank, fully and uniformly stirring, directly pouring into the fertilizing tank, adding water, fully filling, uniformly stirring, and quickly carrying out drip irrigation for 20 minutes; and (3) pouring the efficient water-soluble fertilizer for drip irrigation in the peanut needle-falling and pod-bearing period into a fertilizing tank, fully diluting and slowly applying the fertilizer along with water drip irrigation.
And S104, carrying out drip irrigation on a fourth group of fertilizers in the full peanut period.
In the embodiment of the application, the fourth group of fertilizers is dripped in the full peanut period through the following steps: the yield per mu is more than 500kg, and 25-30kg of drip irrigation is needed for the land parcel; when in drip irrigation, the efficient water-soluble fertilizer for drip irrigation in the full-fruit period of the peanuts is poured into a fertilizing tank, and the uniconazole, the paclobutrazol and the ethephon are added after being fully diluted, wherein the dosage of the uniconazole, the paclobutrazol and the ethephon is 28-30g per mu, and the fertilizer is slowly applied along with water in a drip irrigation manner.
The application provides a fertilization method of peanut fertilizer combination, improves moisture, fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduces the loss and the residual pollution of fertilizer, realizes the light simple accurate green high efficiency of peanut production.
Example 1
A peanut fertilizer combination, the combination comprising:
a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35.5 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 22 percent of ammonium nitrate, 38 percent of potassium sulfate, 1 percent of zinc sulfate, 1 percent of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 percent of EDTA sodium, 0.5 percent of borax, 1 percent of citric acid and 0.5 percent of acetylsalicylic acid. (the first trace element fertilizer is 3%)
A second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of urea, 28.5% of monoammonium phosphate, 18% of monopotassium phosphate, 32% of potassium sulfate, 0.5% of ammonium molybdate, 0.5% of manganese sulfate, 0.5% of chitin, 0.5% of potassium fulvate, 0.5% of EDDHA sodium, 0.5% of borax, 1% of zinc sulfate, 0.5% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. (second micro fertilizer 5%)
A third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 18% of monopotassium phosphate, 42% of potassium sulfate, 0.5% of ammonium molybdate, 0.5% of manganese sulfate, 0.5% of chitin, 0.5% of potassium fulvate, 0.5% of EDDHA sodium, 0.5% of borax, 0.5% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 0.5% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. (the third microelement fertilizer is 4%)
Fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 28.5 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 65 percent of potassium sulfate, 1 percent of calcium nitrate, 2.0 percent of manganese sulfate, 1.0 percent of potassium fulvate, 1.0 percent of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 percent of citric acid, 0.5 percent of acetylsalicylic acid, 0.1 percent of uniconazole, 0.2 percent of paclobutrazol and 0.2 percent of ethephon. (the fourth microelement fertilizer is 5%)
Example 2
A peanut fertilizer combination, the combination comprising:
a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of monoammonium phosphate, 25% of ammonium nitrate, 30% of potassium sulfate, 1% of zinc sulfate, 1% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 1% of borax, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid.
A second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of urea, 30% of monoammonium phosphate, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 30% of potassium sulfate, 2% of ammonium molybdate, 1% of manganese sulfate, 0.5% of chitin, 0.5% of potassium fulvate, 0.5% of EDDHA sodium, 1.5% of borax, 1.5% of zinc sulfate, 0.5% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid.
A third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of monoammonium phosphate, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 45% of potassium sulfate, 0.5% of ammonium molybdate, 0.5% of manganese sulfate, 0.5% of chitin, 0.5% of potassium fulvate, 0.5% of EDDHA sodium, 0.5% of borax, 0.5% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of EDTA sodium, 0.5% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid.
Fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of monoammonium phosphate, 60% of potassium sulfate, 3.5% of calcium nitrate, 2.0% of manganese sulfate, 1.0% of potassium fulvate, 2.0% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of citric acid, 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid, 0.1% of uniconazole, 0.2% of paclobutrazol and 0.2% of ethephon.
Example 3
A peanut fertilizer combination, the combination comprising:
a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 22.5% of ammonium nitrate, 35% of potassium sulfate, 2% of zinc sulfate, 2% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of sodium EDTA, 1.5% of borax, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. (first trace fertilizer 6%;)
A second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of urea, 22.5% of monoammonium phosphate, 23.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 32.5% of potassium sulfate, 3% of ammonium molybdate, 2% of manganese sulfate, 1% of chitin, 1.5% of potassium fulvate, 1.5% of EDDHA sodium, 1.5% of borax, 1.5% of zinc sulfate, 1.5% of ferrous sulfate, 1.5% of EDTA sodium, 1% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. (15% second micro-element fertilizer.)
A third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27.5% of monoammonium phosphate, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 43.5% of potassium sulfate, 1% of ammonium molybdate, 1% of manganese sulfate, 1% of chitin, 1% of potassium fulvate, 1% of EDDHA sodium, 1% of borax, 1% of ferrous sulfate, 1% of EDTA sodium, 0.5% of citric acid and 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid. (8% of third microelement fertilizer.)
Fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27.5% of monoammonium phosphate, 56% of potassium sulfate, 6.5% of calcium nitrate, 4.0% of manganese sulfate, 2.5% of potassium fulvate, 2.0% of ferrous sulfate, 0.5% of citric acid, 0.5% of acetylsalicylic acid, 0.1% of uniconazole, 0.2% of paclobutrazol and 0.2% of ethephon. (the fourth trace element fertilizer is 15%)
Experimental example 1
TABLE 1 Effect of example 2 of the present application at a yield level of 400 kg/mu
Note: the two fertilizing modes are that organic fertilizer 200 kg/mu is applied before sowing, peanut varieties are: luhua No. 5. And (3) conventional fertilization: briefly describing the conventional technology; for example: n, P2O5 and K2O with application rates of 7.5, 6 and 7.5 kg/mu respectively, is applied once before sowing,
a water and fertilizer integrated fertilization technology;
wherein, the fertilizer application amount is the same in 2014 and 2015, and the peanuts are watered by drip irrigation during the growth period.
TABLE 1 Effect of example 2 of the present application at a yield level of 400 kg/mu
In combination with the above table, it can be seen that peanut yield can be improved by using the fertilizer combinations provided in the examples of the present application.
Experimental example 2: peanut fertilizer efficiency test
The peanut fertilizer combination of example 3 was subjected to a yield-increasing effect test
Comparative example: common peanut fertilizer for market
Peanut fertilizer combinations of examples 1-3
The effect test is carried out in a peanut (variety Luhua No. 5) planting area of a certain test field in Neze city, and the following test treatments are set:
during the experiment, the other conditions were the same, only the type of fertilizer was changed.
The test results are shown in table 2 and show that:
the peanut fertilizer composition prepared by the invention has better effect
TABLE 2 acre yield of peanuts treated differently
| Item | Acid soil (kg/mu) | Alkaline soil (kg/mu) | Average (kg/mu) | Peanut unit price (Yuan/jin) | Profit calculation (yuan) |
| Comparative example | 458 | 450 | 454 | 4.2 | 1906.8 |
| Example 1 | 525 | 520 | 522.5 | 4.2 | 2194.5 |
| Example 2 | 585 | 575 | 580 | 4.2 | 2436 |
| Example 3 | 564 | 554 | 559 | 4.2 | 2347.8 |
According to the peanut fertilizer combination, the preparation method and the fertilizing method, different fertilizer combinations are provided at different growth stages of peanuts, so that the fertilizer utilization efficiency can be improved, and the growth of the peanuts can be promoted; the peanut fertilizer is combined, and a water and fertilizer integration technology is utilized to fertilize, so that the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, the loss and residual pollution of the fertilizer are reduced, and the simple, accurate, green and efficient peanut production is realized.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A peanut fertilizer combination, said combination comprising:
a first group of fertilizers: the first group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 35 to 45 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 20 to 30 percent of ammonium nitrate, 25 to 35 percent of potassium sulfate and 3 to 6 percent of first micro-fertilizer;
a second group of fertilizers: the second group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 5-15% of urea, 25-35% of monoammonium phosphate, 15-25% of monopotassium phosphate, 25-35% of potassium sulfate and 5-15% of second micro-fertilizer;
a third group of fertilizers: the third group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 15 to 25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 40 to 50 percent of potassium sulfate and 3 to 8 percent of third micro-fertilizer;
fourth group fertilizer: the fourth group of fertilizers comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 55 to 65 percent of potassium sulfate, 5 to 15 percent of fourth micro-fertilizer and a plant growth inhibitor.
2. The peanut fertilizer combination of claim 1,
the first micro-fertilizer is one or more of zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, EDTA sodium and borax;
the second micro-fertilizer is one or more of ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, chitin, potassium fulvate, EDDHA sodium, borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and EDTA sodium;
the third micro-fertilizer is one or more of ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, chitin, potassium fulvate, EDDHA sodium, borax, ferrous sulfate and EDTA sodium;
the fourth micro-fertilizer is one or more of calcium nitrate, manganese sulfate, potassium fulvate and ferrous sulfate.
3. The peanut fertilizer combination of claim 2, wherein each of said first, second and third fertilizer groups further comprises: citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid.
4. The peanut fertilizer combination of claim 3, wherein said plant growth inhibitor is uniconazole, paclobutrazol, and ethephon.
5. The peanut fertilizer assembly of claim 4, further comprising a biological bacterial fertilizer.
6. The peanut fertilizer combination of claim 5, wherein said biological bacterial manure is rhizobia manure and bacillus subtilis manure.
7. A method of preparing a peanut fertilizer assembly of any one of claims 1-6 comprising:
uniformly mixing the first micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain first micro-fertilizer mixed powder, then proportionally melting monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into water, proportionally adding ammonium nitrate to dissolve to obtain first mixed solution, and adding the first micro-fertilizer mixed powder into the first mixed solution to obtain the first group of fertilizer;
mixing second trace fertilizers according to a proportion to obtain a second trace fertilizer mixed solution, and then sequentially pouring urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate according to a proportion into the second trace fertilizer mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a second group of fertilizers;
mixing the third micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a third micro-fertilizer mixed solution, and sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate according to a proportion into the third micro-fertilizer mixed solution for dissolving to obtain a third group of fertilizers;
mixing the fourth micro-fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution, sequentially pouring monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate according to a proportion into the fourth micro-fertilizer mixed solution to dissolve the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate to obtain a second mixed solution, and separately packaging the second mixed solution;
packaging the plant growth inhibitor separately; and adding the plant growth inhibitor into the second mixed solution in proportion to obtain the fourth group of fertilizer.
8. A method for fertilizing peanuts by adopting water and fertilizer integration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fertilizing the peanuts with a peanut fertilizer combination of any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
s101, performing drip irrigation on the first group of fertilizers through peanut emergence;
s102, carrying out drip irrigation on the second group of fertilizers in the peanut flowering period;
s103, carrying out drip irrigation on the third group of fertilizers in the peanut needle bearing period;
and S104, carrying out drip irrigation on the fourth group of fertilizers in the full peanut period.
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| CN114790127A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-26 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所(新疆维吾尔自治区新型肥料研究中心) | Fertilizer special for peanuts in arid region and use method thereof |
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