CN111001656A - Soil cultivation method for reducing pesticide residue - Google Patents

Soil cultivation method for reducing pesticide residue Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111001656A
CN111001656A CN201911364187.2A CN201911364187A CN111001656A CN 111001656 A CN111001656 A CN 111001656A CN 201911364187 A CN201911364187 A CN 201911364187A CN 111001656 A CN111001656 A CN 111001656A
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microbial fermentation
soil
cfu
pesticide residues
content
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叶辉
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Hunan Suliyang Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan Suliyang Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/145Fungal isolates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/16Yeasts; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/165Yeast isolates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P1/00Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes
    • C12P1/02Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes by using fungi
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12RINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645Fungi ; Processes using fungi
    • C12R2001/72Candida
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12RINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645Fungi ; Processes using fungi
    • C12R2001/79Paecilomyces

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil cultivation method for reducing pesticide residues. The preparation method of the soil improvement agent by adopting the microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.8 to obtain a fermentation medium; s2: inoculating activated paecilomyces lilacinus and candida utilis in a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus to be (1-3) multiplied by 105cfu/m, the content of the candida utilis is (5-7) multiplied by 106cfu/m, followed by fermentation; s3: separating solid from liquid of the fermented product and collecting the liquid phase to obtain the product with reduced contentMicrobial fermentation liquor of pesticide residues in soil. In the application process, the microbial fermentation liquor and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1: (50-200), and then directly spraying the diluted microorganism fermentation liquor by using a sprayer; or, the diluted microbial fermentation liquid is applied by being matched with a fertilizer.

Description

Soil cultivation method for reducing pesticide residue
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil cultivation method for reducing pesticide residues.
Background
As is well known, pesticide residue is a general term for trace amounts of pesticide original, toxic metabolites, degradants and impurities that are not decomposed and remain in living bodies, harvested products, soil, water bodies, and atmosphere after the pesticide is used. The pesticide applied to the crops is partially attached to the crops, partially scattered in the environment such as soil, atmosphere and water, and part of the pesticide remained in the environment can be absorbed by the plants. The residual pesticide can directly reach the human body and the livestock body through plant fruits or water and atmosphere, or can be finally transferred to the human body and the livestock through the environment and a food chain. The pesticide residue stripper can degrade pesticide residues on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables. The pesticide residue problem is generated along with the mass production and wide use of pesticides. In recent years, synthetic organic pesticides have been used in agricultural production in large quantities. According to incomplete statistics: the annual output of chemical pesticides in the world is about 200 ten thousand tons, and about 1000 kinds of synthetic compounds are used as pesticides such as insecticides, bactericides, algicides, insecticides, defoliants and the like. The pesticide, especially the organic pesticide, is applied in large amount, which causes serious pesticide pollution problem and becomes a serious threat to human health. Therefore, the microbial fermentation liquor capable of effectively reducing pesticide residues in the soil and the preparation method thereof have important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a soil cultivation method for reducing pesticide residues.
The microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil provided by the invention can effectively reduce pesticide substance residues in soil, effectively improve the defects of soil hardening, nutrition imbalance, land fertility reduction, serious organic matter loss and the like, improve the survival rate and yield of crops, and has very important significance in agriculture and forestry sustainable development and food safety guarantee. In addition, the preparation method of the microbial fermentation broth provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, easily available in raw materials, green, environment-friendly, pollution-free, additive-free, safe, reliable and low in requirements on production equipment, so that the production cost can be obviously reduced, the production and the use can be really realized, the low carbon and the environment are protected, and the preparation method has wide application value.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil, comprising the following steps: s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder and water, then adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.8,obtaining a fermentation culture medium; s2: inoculating activated paecilomyces lilacinus and candida utilis in a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus to be (1-3) multiplied by 105cfu/m, the content of the candida utilis is (5-7) multiplied by 106cfu/m, followed by fermentation; s3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil.
Preferably, in S1: in each liter of water, the adding amount of glucose is 100-200 g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 1-5 g, and the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 30-80 g.
Preferably, in S1, the method further includes: adding betaine before adjusting the pH value, and uniformly stirring, wherein the adding amount of the betaine is as follows: 5-20 g of water per liter is added.
Preferably, in S2: firstly inoculating activated candida utilis, and enabling the content of the candida utilis to be (5-7) multiplied by 106cfu/m, and then fermenting at 30-32 ℃ for 30-60 min; then inoculating the activated paecilomyces lilacinus into a product fermented for 30-60 min, and enabling the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus to be (1-3) multiplied by 105cfu/m, and then fermenting for 2-6 h at 28-30 ℃.
Preferably, in S3: and (4) performing solid-liquid separation by adopting a filtration mode, and then collecting filtrate.
In a second aspect, the microbial fermentation broth prepared by the method of the invention is used.
In a third aspect, the application of the microbial fermentation liquid in degrading the residual pesticide in the soil provided by the invention is that the microbial fermentation liquid and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1: (50-200) by weight ratio.
Preferably, the method of use comprises: directly spraying the diluted microbial fermentation liquor by using a sprayer; or, the diluted microbial fermentation liquid is applied by being matched with a fertilizer.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the applicant has found through a great deal of research that: the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil provided by the invention can effectively reduce pesticide substance residues in soil, effectively improve the defects of soil hardening, nutrition imbalance, land fertility reduction, serious organic matter loss and the like, improve the survival rate and yield of crops, and has very important significance in agriculture and forestry sustainable development and food safety guarantee.
(2) The preparation method of the microbial fermentation broth provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, easily available in raw materials, environment-friendly, pollution-free, nuisanceless, additive-free, safe and reliable, has very low requirements on production equipment, can obviously reduce the production cost, really realizes low carbon and environment friendliness from planting, production to use, and has wide application value.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional reagent store unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set, and the data are the mean or the mean ± standard deviation of the three replicates. The Bacillus subtilis strain used in the invention is Paecilomyces lilacinus (strain preservation number: BNCC 172041), and the Candida utilis strain is Candida utilis (strain preservation number: BNCC 188871).
The invention provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.8 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein the addition amount of glucose is 100-200 g, the addition amount of yeast powder is 1-5 g, and the addition amount of soybean meal powder is 30-80 g in each liter of water.
S2: inoculating activated candida utilis in a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the content of the candida utilis to be (5-7) multiplied by 106cfu/m, and then fermenting at 30-32 ℃ for 30-60 min; then inoculating the activated paecilomyces lilacinus into a product fermented for 30-60 min, and enabling the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus to be (1-3) multiplied by 105cfu/m, and then fermenting for 2-6 h at 28-30 ℃.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, S1 further includes: adding betaine before adjusting the pH value, and uniformly stirring, wherein the adding amount of the betaine is as follows: 5-20 g of water per liter is added.
The following description is made with reference to specific embodiments:
example one
The embodiment provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder, betaine and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 6.8 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein, in each liter of water, the adding amount of glucose is 200g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 1g, the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 80g, and the adding amount of betaine is 5 g.
S2: inoculating activated Candida utilis in the fermentation culture medium to make the content of Candida utilis 5 × 106cfu/m, then fermenting at 32 ℃ for 30 min; then inoculating activated Paecilomyces lilacinus into the product after fermenting for 30min, and making the content of Paecilomyces lilacinus be 1 × 105cfu/m, followed by fermentation at 30 ℃ for 2 h.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil. Diluting the microbial fermentation liquor of the embodiment by 100 times, and spraying the diluted microbial fermentation liquor into the soil with the detected clomazone pollution concentration of 35mg/kg and the pH value of 6.0; the degradation rate of the clomazone is 95 percent by sampling and detecting 10 days after ploughing.
Example two
The embodiment provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder, betaine and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 6.3 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein, in each liter of water, the adding amount of glucose is 150g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 3g, the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 50g, and the adding amount of betaine is 10 g.
S2: inoculating activated Candida utilis in the fermentation culture medium to make the content of Candida utilis be 6X 106cfu/m, followed by fermentation at 31 ℃ for 50 min; then inoculating activated Paecilomyces lilacinus into the product after fermenting for 50min, and making the content of Paecilomyces lilacinus be 2 × 105cfu/m, followed by fermentation at 29 ℃ for 4 h.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil. Diluting the microbial fermentation liquor of the embodiment by 100 times, and spraying the diluted microbial fermentation liquor into the soil with the detected clomazone pollution concentration of 35mg/kg and the pH value of 6.0; the degradation rate of the clomazone is 98 percent by sampling and detecting 10 days after ploughing.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder, betaine and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 5.8 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein, in each liter of water, the adding amount of glucose is 100g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 5g, the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 30g, and the adding amount of betaine is 20 g.
S2: inoculating activated Candida utilis in the fermentation culture medium to make the content of Candida utilis be 7X 106cfu/m, then fermenting at 30 ℃ for 60 min; then inoculating activated Paecilomyces lilacinus into the product after fermenting for 60min, and making the content of Paecilomyces lilacinus be 3X 105cfu/m, followed by fermentation at 28 ℃ for 6 h.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil. Diluting the microbial fermentation liquor of the embodiment by 100 times, and spraying the diluted microbial fermentation liquor into the soil with the detected clomazone pollution concentration of 38mg/kg and the pH value of 6.0; the degradation rate of the clomazone is 93 percent by sampling and detecting 10 days after ploughing.
Example four
The embodiment provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: and uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 6.8 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein, the adding amount of glucose is 200g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 1g, and the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 80g in each liter of water.
S2: inoculating activated Candida utilis in the fermentation culture medium to make the content of Candida utilis 5 × 106cfu/m, then fermenting at 32 ℃ for 30 min; then inoculating activated Paecilomyces lilacinus into the product after fermenting for 30min, and making the content of Paecilomyces lilacinus be 1 × 105cfu/m, followed by fermentation at 30 ℃ for 2 h.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil. Diluting the microbial fermentation liquor of the embodiment by 100 times, and spraying the diluted microbial fermentation liquor into the soil with the detected clomazone pollution concentration of 35mg/kg and the pH value of 6.0; the degradation rate of the clomazone is 92 percent by sampling and detecting 10 days after ploughing.
In addition, in order to further highlight the advantages of the technical solution of the present invention, the following comparative examples were provided. The following comparative examples were all set on the basis of example one.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil, comprising the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder, betaine and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 6.8 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein, in each liter of water, the adding amount of glucose is 200g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 1g, the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 80g, and the adding amount of betaine is 5 g.
S2: inoculating activated Paecilomyces lilacinus in fermentation medium to make its content be 1 × 105cfu/m, then fermenting at 30 ℃ for 2 h; inoculating activated Candida utilis into the product after fermenting for 30min, and making the content of Candida utilis be 5 × 106cfu/m, followed by fermentation at 32 ℃ for 30 min.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil.
Comparative example No. two
The comparative example provides a preparation method of microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil, comprising the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder, betaine and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 6.8 to obtain the fermentation medium. Wherein, in each liter of water, the adding amount of glucose is 200g, the adding amount of yeast powder is 1g, the adding amount of soybean meal powder is 80g, and the adding amount of betaine is 5 g.
S2: inoculating activated Candida utilis and Paecilomyces lilacinus in fermentation culture medium at the same time, and making the content of Candida utilis be 5X 106cfu/m, content of Paecilomyces lilacinus 1X 105cfu/m, then fermented at 30 ℃ for 2.5 h.
S3: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in the soil.
In addition, in order to further verify the advantages of the microbial fermentation liquid of the invention, the microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the examples and the comparative examples were diluted by 100 times with water, and then added to the solutions containing clomazone and cypermethrin, respectively, and mixed uniformly, and after 24 hours, the contents of clomazone and cypermethrin in the solutions were determined, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 degradation of microbial fermentation broths of various examples and comparative examples
Figure BDA0002337983460000071
Figure BDA0002337983460000081
Of course, other weight percentages of other raw material components and conditions in the manufacturing process, etc. are possible in addition to those exemplified in examples one to four.
The microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil provided by the invention can effectively reduce pesticide substance residues in soil, effectively improve the defects of soil hardening, nutrition imbalance, land fertility reduction, serious organic matter loss and the like, improve the survival rate and yield of crops, and has very important significance in agriculture and forestry sustainable development and food safety guarantee. In addition, the preparation method of the microbial fermentation broth provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, easily available in raw materials, green, environment-friendly, pollution-free, additive-free, safe, reliable and low in requirements on production equipment, so that the production cost can be obviously reduced, the production and the use can be really realized, the low carbon and the environment are protected, and the preparation method has wide application value.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of microbial fermentation liquor for reducing pesticide residues in soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing glucose, yeast powder, soybean meal powder and water, and then adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.8 to obtain a fermentation medium;
s2: inoculating activated paecilomyces lilacinus and candida utilis in the fermentation medium, and enabling the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus to be (1-3) x 105cfu/m, the content of the candida utilis is (5-7) multiplied by 106cfu/m, followed by fermentation;
s3: and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the fermented product and collecting a liquid phase to obtain the microbial fermentation liquor for reducing the pesticide residue in the soil.
2. The method for preparing a microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil according to claim 1, wherein: in said S1: in each liter of water, the adding amount of the glucose is 100-200 g, the adding amount of the yeast powder is 1-5 g, and the adding amount of the soybean meal powder is 30-80 g.
3. The method for preparing a microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil according to claim 2, wherein: in S1, the method further includes: adding betaine before adjusting the pH value, and uniformly stirring, wherein the addition amount of the betaine is as follows: 5-20 g of water per liter is added.
4. The method for preparing a microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil according to claim 1, wherein: in said S2: firstly, inoculating activated candida utilis, and enabling the content of the candida utilis to be (5-7) multiplied by 106cfu/m, and then fermenting at 30-32 ℃ for 30-60 min;then inoculating the activated paecilomyces lilacinus into the product after fermentation for 30-60 min, and enabling the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus to be (1-3) multiplied by 105cfu/m, and then fermenting for 2-6 h at 28-30 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a microbial fermentation broth for reducing pesticide residues in soil according to claim 1, wherein: in said S3: and the solid-liquid separation adopts a filtration mode, and then filtrate is collected.
6. A microbial fermentation broth produced according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The use of the microbial fermentation broth of claim 6 for degrading residual pesticides in soil, wherein: mixing the microbial fermentation liquor with water according to the ratio of 1: (50-200) by weight ratio.
8. The use of the microbial fermentation broth of claim 7 for degrading residual pesticides in soil, wherein: the using method comprises the following steps: directly spraying the diluted microbial fermentation liquor by using a sprayer; or, the diluted microbial fermentation liquid is applied by being matched with a fertilizer.
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