CN111000048A - Compound premixed feed for cattle and sheep and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound premixed feed for cattle and sheep and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111000048A CN111000048A CN201911368889.8A CN201911368889A CN111000048A CN 111000048 A CN111000048 A CN 111000048A CN 201911368889 A CN201911368889 A CN 201911368889A CN 111000048 A CN111000048 A CN 111000048A
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- cattle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a composite premixed feed for cattle and sheep, which takes microorganism composite bacteria, acetohydroxamic acid and composite enzyme as raw materials, the acetohydroxamic acid can reduce the discharge of urine nitrogen, so that the utilization rate of crude protein is improved, the acetohydroxamic acid can improve the utilization rate of urea and feed, reduce cost, avoid ammonia poisoning or ammonia stress, and ensure that the cattle and sheep can keep physiological balance and grow robustly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, in particular to a compound premix feed for cattle and sheep and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The components of cattle and sheep feed can be divided into crude fiber, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, water and 6 major nutrient components of nitrogen-free extract. The problem that cattle and sheep have low digestibility of effective ingredients of the feed is generally existed at present. For example, cattle and sheep generally have a crude fiber digestibility of 60% to 70%, a crude protein digestibility of about 50% to 70%, and part of the nutrients in the feed are discharged without being digested, thereby affecting the economic benefit of farmers.
Therefore, in the breeding process of cattle and sheep, it is necessary to provide a premixed feed to improve the utilization rate of the feed, to accelerate daily gain, to make the birth of the cattle as early as possible, or to improve the milk yield.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a compound premix feed for improving the feed utilization rate.
In one aspect, the invention provides a compound premix feed for cattle and sheep, which comprises the following components: microorganism complex bacteria, acetohydroxamic acid and complex enzyme.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the microorganism compound bacteria comprise a mixture of bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and enterococcus faecium.
Further preferably, the complex enzyme comprises a mixture of cellulase, xylanase, β -glucanase, protease and amylase.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the bacillus packet is at least one of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.
Further preferably, the protease is at least one of an acid protease and a neutral protease.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the selenium-enriched compound is preferably at least one of sodium selenite, sodium selenate, selenium-enriched yeast and selenate polysaccharide.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the fruit and vegetable preserving agent also preferably comprises tangerine peel powder, rice sprout and hawthorn fruit powder.
Preferably, the content of bacillus is 2-20 multiplied by 108cfu/g, the content of saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2-20 multiplied by 108cfu/g, the content of enterococcus faecium is 0.5-5 multiplied by 108cfu/g, the content of acetohydroxamic acid is 5-50 mg/g, the content of cellulase is 50-500U/g, the content of xylanase is 50-500U/g, the content of β -glucanase is 100-1000U/g, the content of protease is 50-500U/g, and the content of amylase is 100-1000U/g.
More preferably, the content of selenium element in the selenium-containing compound is 20-100 mg/kg.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite premixed feed for cattle and sheep, which comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the components are put into a mixer to be mixed evenly, and the compound premix feed is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the compound premix feed for cattle and sheep has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the composite premixed feed for cattle and sheep takes the microorganism composite bacteria, the acetohydroxamic acid and the composite enzyme as raw materials, the acetohydroxamic acid can reduce the discharge of urine nitrogen, so that the utilization rate of crude protein is improved, the acetohydroxamic acid can improve the utilization rate of urea and feed, the cost is reduced, ammonia poisoning or ammonia stress can be avoided, and the cattle and sheep can keep physiological balance and grow robustly;
(2) the cellulase, xylanase, β -glucanase, protease and the like contained in the composite premixed feed for cattle and sheep are beneficial to the absorption of nutrient substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the feed by the cattle and sheep, and the digestibility of the feed is improved;
(3) the bacillus and the saccharomyces cerevisiae contained in the composite premixed feed for cattle and sheep can generate various nutritional and growth-promoting components including vitamins, amino acids, organic acids, various digestive enzymes and the like in bodies of cattle and sheep, the bacillus can also be planted in intestinal tracts of cattle and sheep, and a gastrointestinal tract microecosystem suitable for healthy growth of cattle and sheep is established while digestion and absorption of the feed are promoted;
(4) the dried orange peel powder, the rice sprout and the hawthorn powder contained in the compound premixed feed for cattle and sheep contain a plurality of vitamins, organic acids, protease and the like, and can promote gastric secretion, improve the digestibility of the feed, improve the flavor of the feed and improve the feed intake;
(5) the compound premix feed for cattle and sheep also contains selenium element, and the selenium element in the feed is supplemented by adding trace element selenium, so that the production performance of bred animals is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A composite premix feed for cattle and sheep, comprising the following components: 8X 108cfu/g of Bacillus subtilis, 6X 108cfu/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 3 × 108cfu/g enterococcus faecium, 300U/g cellulase, 400U/g xylanase, 500U/g β -glucanase, 300U/g protease, 500U/g amylase, selenium-containing compound, 25mg/g acetohydroxamic acid, pericarpium citri reticulatae powder, rice sprout and hawthorn powder, wherein the selenium-containing compound is sodium selenite, the selenium element content in the selenium-containing compound is 50mg/kg, and the pericarpium citri reticulatae powderThe powder accounts for 30 percent by mass, the rice sprout accounts for 30 percent by mass, and the balance is the hawthorn powder. The preparation method of the premixed feed comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials, placing the raw materials into an SYH series three-dimensional mixer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the premixed feed.
Example 2
A composite premix feed for cattle and sheep, comprising the following components: 6X 108cfu/g of Bacillus subtilis, 6X 108cfu/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 4 × 108The preparation method of the premix feed comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials, placing the raw materials in an SYH series three-dimensional mixer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the premix feed.
Example 3
A composite premix feed for cattle and sheep, comprising the following components: 6X 108cfu/g of Bacillus licheniformis, 8X 108cfu/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 3 × 108cfu/g enterococcus faecium, 300U/g cellulase, 400U/g xylanase, 400U/g β -glucanase, 400U/g protease, 400U/g amylase, a selenium-containing compound, 25mg/g acetohydroxamic acid, pericarpium citri reticulatae powder, rice sprout and hawthorn powder, wherein the selenium-containing compound is selenium-enriched yeast, the selenium element content in the selenium-containing compound is 40mg/kg, the mass fraction of the pericarpium citri reticulatae powder is 30%, the mass fraction of the rice sprout is 30%, and the balance is hawthorn powder.
Example 4
A composite premix feed for cattle and sheep, comprising the following components: 6X 108cfu/g Bacillus licheniformis, 6X 108cfu/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 4 × 108cfu/g enterococcus faecium, 400U/g cellulase,400U/g xylanase, 500U/g β -glucanase, 400U/g protease, 500U/g amylase, a selenium-containing compound, 20mg/g acetoxy hydroxamic acid, dried orange peel powder, rice sprout and hawthorn powder, wherein the selenium-containing compound is selenate polysaccharide, the selenium element content in the selenium-containing compound is 50mg/kg, the dried orange peel powder is 20% by mass, the rice sprout is 20% by mass and the balance is hawthorn powder.
1. Effect of Compound premix feed on weight gain of beef cattle
Grouping tests: healthy, 12-14 months old 45 local beef cattle are selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, 15 cattle in each group have insignificant initial weight difference. The addition ratio of the compound premix (premix in example 1) in each test group is based on the amount of concentrate (see table 1), and the other groups are the same as the control group, and the control group is fed according to the conventional method of farmers.
TABLE 1 test grouping
The test method comprises the following steps: the coarse fodder and the fine fodder are mixed for feeding. The coarse material mainly comprises wheat straw, cotton seed hulls and the like. The concentrated feed comprises corn, bran, vitamins, microelements, minerals and sodium bicarbonate. Each group of the raw materials comprises 4.0kg-5.5kg of fixed concentrated materials per head per day, and the raw materials: the concentrate is 30: 70.
Feeding each group of test cattle under the same feeding condition, performing confined feeding and tethered feeding according to the same group, feeding the concentrated and coarse feed twice a day by mixing, drinking water 2 times a day, and cleaning and flushing excrement 1 time. The insects are uniformly repelled 10 days before the test, and the area of each cattle is basically the same. The average feed intake of each group of cattle was recorded daily for a test period of 60d, and the average body weight of each group of cattle was determined at the beginning and end of the test.
Experimental results and conclusions: the weight gain effect of cattle is shown in Table 2
TABLE 2 weight gain Effect of the test cattle
Compared with the control group, the average weight gain of the test group 1 is significantly different from the average weight gain of the test group 2 (P < 0.05). The weight gain test result shows that the invention has obvious effect on improving the daily gain of beef cattle, can improve the feed conversion ratio by about 10 to 15 percent, can increase the feed intake of the beef cattle and can obtain better economic benefit and production performance. The premix added into the concentrated feed of beef cattle has obvious growth promotion effect and good economic benefit.
2. Influence of compound premix on milk yield and milk components of dairy cow
And (3) test grouping, namely selecting 24 black and white cow with basically similar physiological conditions such as weight, milk yield, lactation period and the like, and respectively counting and analyzing the milk yield and milk components of the cows in different periods under the condition that the feed formula, the feeding management and the environmental conditions are all consistent.
The test method comprises the following steps: after the cows are grouped, the cows of each group are normally raised and managed according to the original raising mode, and the milk yield and the milk components are tested for 1 time and used as basic data for comparing with the group; after the basic data was determined, the test group was fed normally with 1% and 2% of the present premix compound (example 1) at the level of the basic ration, and the control group was fed normally, and the test period of the test group was 60d, and the milk yield and milk components of the cows were measured every 15 d.
Measurement of production Performance: directly recording the milk yield of each cow for 3 times in one day from a split-flow milk measuring device, and taking the data of each group of 8 cows as the average milk yield of each cow in the group; the milk is mainly used for conventionally testing milk protein, milk fat, non-fat solids and milk density, and a milk sample is directly taken out by a split-flow milk measurer while measuring the milk yield for the 2 nd time of the day and is directly tested by a conventional milk analyzer.
And (3) test results: the effect of different amounts of the compound premix on the daily milk yield of the cows is shown in Table 3
TABLE 3 influence of different amounts of the premix on daily milk production of cows
As can be seen from Table 3, the differences in milk production of the lactating cows before addition were not significant; after the product is added for 15 days, the milk yield of the BC group is gradually increased, but the difference among the groups is still not obvious; 30 days after the addition, the milk yield of the BC group is greatly increased, and the difference with the control group is very obvious (P is less than 0.05); the test group is significantly different from the control group (P < 0.05) in the test 60 d. At the end of test 60d, milk production increased by 18% and 23% in test group B and C, respectively, compared to the control group. The compound premix can greatly improve the milk yield of the lactating cows.
Effect of different amounts of premix compounds on fat, protein, etc. in milk As shown in Table 4-Effect of different amounts of premix compounds on milk composition
As can be seen from table 4, after the compound premix is added, the milk fat content, the solid content and the milk density of the test group are not significantly changed in comparison with the control group in the test period under the condition that the milk yield is respectively 18% higher and 23% higher than that of the control group. Before and after the test, the milk protein of the control group is improved by 1.1 percent, compared with the milk protein of the test group B and the milk protein of the test group C, the milk protein of the test group B and the milk protein of the test group C are respectively improved by 2.5 percent and 2.1 percent, and the milk protein content is slightly increased.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A compound premix feed for cattle and sheep, which is characterized in that: comprises the following components:
microorganism complex bacteria, acetohydroxamic acid and complex enzyme.
2. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the microbial compound bacteria comprise a mixture of bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and enterococcus faecium.
3. The composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as set forth in claim 2, wherein the complex enzyme comprises a mixture of cellulase, xylanase, β -glucanase, protease and amylase.
4. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the bacillus bag is at least one of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.
5. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that:
the protease is at least one of an acid protease and a neutral protease.
6. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the selenium-containing compound is at least one of sodium selenite, sodium selenate, selenium-rich yeast and selenate polysaccharide.
7. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: also comprises pericarpium Citri Tangerinae powder, fructus oryzae and fructus crataegi powder.
8. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the content of bacillus is 2-20 multiplied by 108cfu/g, the content of saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2-20 multiplied by 108cfu/g, content of enterococcus faecium is 0.5-5 × 108cfu/g, the content of acetohydroxamic acid is 5-50 mg/g, the content of cellulase is 50-500U/g, the content of xylanase is 50-500U/g, the content of β -glucanase is 100-1000U/g, the content of protease is 50-500U/g, and amylase is used for preparing the xylanaseThe content of (B) is 100 to 1000U/g.
9. A composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the content of selenium element in the selenium-containing compound is 20-100 mg/kg.
10. A method for preparing a composite pre-mixed feed for cattle and sheep as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the components are put into a mixer to be mixed evenly, and the compound premix feed is obtained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911368889.8A CN111000048A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Compound premixed feed for cattle and sheep and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911368889.8A CN111000048A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Compound premixed feed for cattle and sheep and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101190003A (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-04 | 北京东方联鸣科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency biological active fodder additives products and producing method and application thereof |
| CN102488099A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-13 | 庄晓曦 | Microbial enzyme feed additive, its feed formula and preparation method |
| US20150290254A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-10-15 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Novel blends of bacillus strains and enzymes |
| CN105341384A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-02-24 | 湖北犇跃农业发展有限公司 | Feed additive for producing selenium-rich beef |
| CN110192595A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-03 | 西昌学院 | A kind of composite microorganism additive agent for milk cattle feed stuff and its preparation method and application |
-
2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911368889.8A patent/CN111000048A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101190003A (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-04 | 北京东方联鸣科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency biological active fodder additives products and producing method and application thereof |
| CN102488099A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-13 | 庄晓曦 | Microbial enzyme feed additive, its feed formula and preparation method |
| US20150290254A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-10-15 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Novel blends of bacillus strains and enzymes |
| CN105341384A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-02-24 | 湖北犇跃农业发展有限公司 | Feed additive for producing selenium-rich beef |
| CN110192595A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-03 | 西昌学院 | A kind of composite microorganism additive agent for milk cattle feed stuff and its preparation method and application |
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