CN110972583A - Combined precision seeder for vegetables - Google Patents
Combined precision seeder for vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972583A CN110972583A CN201911159267.4A CN201911159267A CN110972583A CN 110972583 A CN110972583 A CN 110972583A CN 201911159267 A CN201911159267 A CN 201911159267A CN 110972583 A CN110972583 A CN 110972583A
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- ridging
- furrow opener
- discharging
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable combined precision seeder, which comprises: a fertilizer discharging device, a rotary tillage device, a ridging device, a ditching device and a seed discharging device. The seeder can simultaneously realize combined operations of fertilizing, rotary tillage, ridging, ditching, seeding and earthing, is suitable for precision seeding operation of dry land and large field, is beneficial to agricultural production efficiency and reduces labor cost. The seed metering device utilizes negative pressure to suck seeds, processes single seeds in a non-pressure natural seed metering mode, adopts a symmetrically distributed four-row seed metering device, realizes eight-row precise seeding of the seeder, and ensures the consistency of the discharge capacity of each row of the seeder. Adopt parallel four-bar linkage to adjust the ridge height, can adapt to the different ridging requirements of different vegetable crop, adopt the spring to adjust the furrow degree of depth on the ridge simultaneously, provide preferred growing environment for different vegetable crop seeds, strong adaptability. The modular design is adopted, the structure is simple and compact, the modules are reliably connected, the adjustment, the installation and the disassembly are convenient, the on-site preparation time can be saved, and the transportation and the maintenance are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop sowing equipment, in particular to a vegetable combined precision sowing machine.
Background
With the rapid development of the vegetable planting industry in China, the demand of people for vegetables is gradually increased, the production cannot be met by the traditional artificial planting mode, and the demand of the vegetable planter is greatly improved. But current vegetable planter adopts the wheeled mechanical type of nest eye seeding mode more, changes different model nest eye wheels according to seed particle diameter size, and machine function is single moreover, only sows the function, can't realize the preceding soil preparation function of sowing, is unfavorable for high-efficient seeding operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide the ball-like small-particle-size vegetable seed sowing device which adopts a negative-pressure seed suction and non-pressure seed sowing mode and an adsorption seed carrying process, thereby not only effectively solving the problems of breakage and blockage of the ball-like small-particle-size vegetable seeds in the seed sowing device, but also realizing precise and variable seed sowing effect, and achieving the purposes of saving seeds, simplifying thinning process, reducing cost and improving production efficiency. The seeding demand of different kinds of spherical small-particle-size vegetable seeds can be quickly responded, the adjustment is convenient and quick, and the changing and seeding efficiency of various vegetable varieties is improved.
The following technical scheme is adopted for achieving the purpose:
the utility model provides a vegetables combine precision planter, includes row fertile device, rotary cultivator attachment, ridging device, ditching device, seed metering device:
two ends of the upper part of the rotary tillage device are respectively provided with two sets of fertilizer discharging devices, the ridging device is connected to the rear part of the rotary tillage device in a hanging manner, the upper part of the ridging device is provided with a seed discharging device, and the rear part of the ridging device is provided with a ditching device.
The fertilizer discharging device comprises a fertilizer box, a motor controller, a fertilizer discharging device, a fertilizer pipe and a fertilizer discharging motor;
the two groups of fertilizer distributors are arranged in parallel and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box;
the two groups of fertilizer discharging motors are arranged on the same side of the two groups of fertilizer discharging devices respectively;
the two groups of fertilizer pipes are arranged at the bottoms of the two groups of fertilizer applicators respectively;
the motor controller is arranged on a fertilizer box at one end of the seeder and is used for controlling all motors of the whole seeder.
The rotary tillage device comprises a frame, a front ditching disc plough, a gearbox, a soil breaking device, a rotary tillage knife roller, an earth covering plate, a three-point suspension device and a cover plate;
two groups of front ditching disc plows are arranged at two ends of the rack, cover plates are arranged at two ends of the upper portion of the rack, a gearbox, a soil breaking device and a three-point suspension device are arranged in the middle of the rack, rotary tillage knife rolls are arranged at two ends of the lower portion of the rack, and an earth covering plate is arranged at the rear portion of the rack.
The ridging device comprises a ridging device frame, a connecting rod, a lifter, a pressing ridging roller, a transmission case and a hydraulic gear pump;
the ridging device is connected with the rotary tillage device in a hanging mode through connecting rods to form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, the lower portion of the lifter is mounted in the middle of the upper portion of a frame of the ridging device, the upper portion of the lifter is mounted in the middle of the upper portion of the three-point suspension device, the two sets of connecting rods are mounted on the two sides of the rotary tillage device respectively through pin shafts and can swing around the pin shafts, the lifter is lifted through a hand-operated screw rod for stretching, and the ridging device can move up and down in a translational;
the hydraulic gear pump is arranged on the lower part of the frame of the ridging device, and is connected with the lower part of the frame of the ridging device through the transmission box;
the inside chain drive that is of transmission case realizes suppression ridging roller and hydraulic gear pump's synchronous logical direction rotation.
The ditching device comprises a ditching device rack and a ditcher;
eight sets of furrow openers are arranged at the rear part of a rack of the furrow opener through U-shaped clamps, the eight sets of furrow openers are arranged at equal intervals, the intervals between the furrow openers are adjustable, and the interval adjusting range is 80-230 mm.
The seed sowing device comprises a seed sowing device bracket, a seed sowing device motor, an air suction electric fan, a transparent hose and a steel wire hose,
the seed metering device is characterized in that seed metering devices are arranged at two ends of the upper part of the seed metering device support, an air suction electric fan is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the seed metering device support, the air suction electric fan is communicated with an air chamber of the seed metering device through a steel wire hose, a seed metering device motor is installed on one side of the seed metering device and used for controlling the rotating speed of a seed metering disc, and the seed metering device is communicated with a seed guide pipe of a.
The fertilizer box is made of 304 stainless steel;
the fertilizer distributor is an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, and each set of fertilizer distributor is driven by a separate fertilizer distributing motor;
the fertilizer discharging motor is a 12V100W direct current motor, and the speed and the opening and closing time of all the fertilizer discharging motors are controlled by a motor controller;
the fertilizer pipe passes through the cover plate through the hole and is fertilized and buried in soil through the rotary tillage knife roller.
The bracket of the front ditching disc plough is of a sleeve translation structure and is used for adjusting the disc plough in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
the inside of the gearbox is in gear transmission, and the tractor transmits power to the rotary tillage knife roller connected with the tractor through the gearbox;
the upper and lower positions of the soil covering plate are adjustable and fixed through bolt groups and are used for controlling the soil crushing feeding amount of the ridging device;
the cover plate is arranged on the frame through a hinge.
The furrow opener comprises a furrow opener clamp, a furrow opener spring, a furrow opener support handle, a furrow opener sliding knife, a soil covering rod and a seed guide pipe;
the support handle of the furrow opener is arranged at the lower part of the clamp of the furrow opener, and the support handle of the furrow opener and the clamp of the furrow opener are limited by a pin and are used for determining the lowest position of the sliding cutter of the furrow opener;
the spring of the furrow opener is arranged on the support handle of the furrow opener and is positioned by a pin, so that the sliding knife of the furrow opener has return elasticity after entering the soil;
the furrow opener sliding knife is welded at the bottom of the furrow opener supporting handle, and the bottom plane of the furrow opener sliding knife is parallel to the horizontal plane;
the soil covering rod is arranged at the rear end of the sliding cutter of the furrow opener;
the seed guide pipe is welded at the rear end of the shank of the furrow opener, and the bottom of the seed guide pipe is positioned above the bottom of the sliding cutter of the furrow opener.
The seed sowing device comprises an air chamber, a seed sowing shaft, a seed sowing disk clamping sleeve, a sealing ring, a compression spring, a seed sowing disk, a limiting block, a seed baffle plate, a seed poking needle, a housing, a seed discharging plug and a seed sowing port;
the utility model discloses an air chamber, including air chamber, seed metering dish, air chamber center department is equipped with the seed metering axle, install seed metering dish cutting ferrule, seed metering dish, compression spring in proper order on the seed metering axle, air chamber and seed metering dish are equipped with the sealing washer, the air chamber left side is equipped with the housing, housing lower part one side is equipped with the seed metering mouth, and the positive lower part is equipped with unloads kind of stopper, inside stopper, the fender seed.
The air chamber and the seed shaft are arranged through a bearing, the bearing positioning adopts an elastic retainer ring, and one side of the seed shaft is milled with two planes for circumferential positioning of a seed plate clamping sleeve;
the seed shaft, the compression spring, the seed plate and the seed plate clamping sleeve are tightly connected, and the axial positioning is realized through the screw and the flat washer to realize synchronous rotation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention designs a vegetable combined precision seeder, which can realize combined operations of fertilizing, rotary tillage, ridging, ditching, seeding and earthing, is suitable for precision seeding operation in dry land and large field, and is beneficial to agricultural production efficiency and labor cost reduction.
2. The seed sowing device of the invention uses negative pressure to suck seeds, adopts a non-pressure natural seed sowing mode to process single seeds, adopts a symmetrically distributed four-row seed sowing device, realizes eight-row precise sowing of the sowing machine, and ensures the consistency of the discharge capacity of each row of the sowing machine.
3. The invention adopts the parallel four-bar mechanism to adjust the ridge height, can meet different ridge forming requirements of different vegetable crops, and simultaneously adopts the spring to adjust the depth of the seed furrows on the ridges, thereby providing a better growth environment for different vegetable crop seeds and having strong adaptability.
4. The invention adopts the modular design, has simple and compact structure, reliable connection between modules, convenient adjustment, installation and disassembly, can save the on-site preparation time and is beneficial to transportation and maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizer discharging device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rotary tillage apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the ridging device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the trenching apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the furrow opener of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the seed metering device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the seed meter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the seed meter of FIG. 7.
Wherein: 1-fertilizer discharging device, 2-rotary tillage device, 3-ridging device, 4-ditching device, 5-seed discharging device, 1 a-fertilizer box, 1 b-motor controller, 1 c-fertilizer discharging device, 1 d-fertilizer pipe, 1 e-fertilizer discharging motor, 2 a-frame, 2 b-front ditching disc plough, 2 c-gear box, 2 d-soil breaking device, 2 e-rotary tillage knife roller, 2 f-soil covering plate, 2 g-three-point suspension device, 2 h-cover plate, 3 a-ridging device frame, 3 b-connecting rod, 3 c-lifter, 3 d-pressing ridging roller, 3 e-transmission box, 3 f-hydraulic gear pump, 4 a-ditching device frame, 4 b-ditcher, 4b 1-ditcher hoop, 3 c-digger hoop, 4b 2-a furrow opener spring, 4b 3-a furrow opener support handle, 4b 4-a furrow opener sliding knife, 4b 5-a soil covering rod, 4b 6-a seed guide tube, 5 a-a seed metering device support, 5 b-a seed metering device, 5 c-a seed metering device motor, 5 d-an air suction electric fan, 5 e-a transparent hose, 5 f-a steel wire hose, 5b 1-an air chamber, 5b 2-a seed metering shaft, 5b 3-a seed metering disc clamping sleeve, 5b 4-a sealing ring, 5b 5-a compression spring, 5b 6-a seed metering disc, 5b 7-a limiting block, 5b 8-a seed baffle, 5b 9-a seed poking needle, 5b 10-a housing, 5b 11-a seed discharging plug and 5b 12-a port.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The invention relates to a combined precision seeder for vegetables, which comprises a fertilizer discharging device 1, a rotary tillage device 2, a ridging device 3, a ditching device 4 and a seed discharging device 5, wherein two ends of the upper part of the rotary tillage device 2 are respectively provided with two fertilizer discharging devices 1, the ridging device 3 is hung at the rear part of the rotary tillage device 2, the seed discharging device 5 is arranged at the upper part of the ridging device 3, and the ditching device 4 is arranged at the rear part of the ridging device 3.
The fertilizer apparatus 1 comprises a fertilizer box 1a, a motor controller 1b, a fertilizer distributor 1c, a fertilizer pipe 1d and a fertilizer distributor motor 1e, wherein the two fertilizer distributors 1c are fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box 1a, the two fertilizer distributor motors 1e are respectively installed at the same side of the two fertilizer distributors 1c, the two fertilizer pipes 1d are respectively installed at the bottom of the fertilizer distributor 1c, the motor controller 1b is installed on the fertilizer box 1a at one end of the seeder, and the motor controller 1b controls all motors of the whole machine.
Fertile case 1a adopts 304 stainless steel to make to prevent external and corrosion for a long time, fertilizer apparatus 1c is outer sheave formula fertilizer apparatus, and every set is driven by fertilizer apparatus 1c by solitary fertilizer apparatus motor 1e, fertilizer apparatus motor 1e is 12V100W direct current motor, and all fertilizer apparatus motor 1 e's speed and on-off time are controlled by motor controller 1b, fertile pipe 1d clearing hole runs through in apron 2h, utilizes rotary tillage rotor 2e to revolve fertile income soil, reaches granular fertilizer's even deep fertilization effect.
The rotary tillage device 2 comprises a frame 2a, a front ditching disc plough 2b, a gearbox 2c, a soil breaking device 2d, a rotary tillage knife roll 2e, an earth covering plate 2f, a three-point suspension device 2g and a cover plate 2h, wherein two groups of front ditching disc ploughs 2b are arranged at two ends of the frame 2a, the cover plate 2h is arranged at two ends of the upper part of the frame 2a, the gearbox 2c, the soil breaking device 2d and the three-point suspension device 2g are arranged in the middle of the frame 2a, the rotary tillage knife roll 2e is arranged at two ends of the lower part of the frame 2a, and the earth covering plate 2f is arranged.
Preceding ditching disc plough 2 b's support is sleeve pipe translation structure, realizes disc plough's horizontal direction and vertical direction's adjustment, the inside gear drive that is of gearbox 2c, the tractor passes through gearbox 2c with power transmission to rather than the rotary tillage rotor 2e that is connected, the rotatory rotary tillage rotor 2e of device 2d cooperation that breaks ground reaches seeder and breaks ground, hack and fertilizer effect soon, the upper and lower position accessible bolt group of earthing plate 2f is adjusted fixedly, steerable ridging device 3's hack feeding volume, and then can be according to the compactness and the ridge surface height that different soil moisture and crop seed growth require to adjust the ridge soil, apron 2h passes through hinged joint and installs on frame 2a, and key parts's such as gearbox 2c, rotary tillage rotor 2e are convenient for to maintenance, clearance of its function of opening and shutting.
The ditching device 4 comprises a ditching device rack 4a and ditchers 4b, wherein the eight groups of ditchers 4b are arranged at the rear part of the ditching device rack 4a through U-shaped clamps, so that the distance between the ditchers 4b can be conveniently adjusted, the distance is determined according to the row spacing in different crop agronomic requirements, the range of the distance is limited by the structure of the seeder, and the value is 80-230 mm.
The furrow opener 4b comprises a furrow opener clamp 4b1, a furrow opener spring 4b2, a furrow opener supporting handle 4b3, a furrow opener sliding knife 4b4, a soil covering rod 4b5 and a seed guiding pipe 4b6, wherein the furrow opener supporting handle 4b3 is arranged at the lower part of the furrow opener clamp 4b1, a pin is adopted for limiting between a furrow opener supporting handle 4b3 and a furrow opener clamp 4b1 so as to determine the lowest position of the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4, the furrow opener spring 4b2 is arranged on the furrow opener supporting handle 4b3, the pin is adopted for positioning so that the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4 has certain return elasticity after entering soil and is favorable for ensuring the deep stability of a seed ditch, the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4 is welded at the bottom of the furrow opener supporting handle 4b3, the plane at the bottom of the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4 is parallel to the horizontal plane so that seeds can smoothly fall into the seed ditch, the soil covering rod 4b5 is welded at the rear end of the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4, and the seed guiding pipe 464 b3, the bottom of the seed guiding pipe 4b6 is at a certain distance from the bottom of the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4 so as to prevent the seed guiding pipe 4b6 from being blocked by clay to cause seeding leakage.
The seed metering device 5 comprises a seed metering device support 5a, a seed metering device 5b, a seed metering device motor 5c, an air suction electric fan 5d, a transparent hose 5e and a steel wire hose 5f, wherein seed metering devices 5b are arranged at two ends of the upper part of the seed metering device support 5a, the air suction electric fan 5d is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the seed metering device support 5a, the air suction electric fan 5d is communicated with an air chamber 5b1 of the seed metering device 5b through the steel wire hose 5f, the steel wire hose 5f can bear negative pressure of a certain fan, the problem of miss-seeding caused by the deformation and closing of a pipeline can be effectively avoided, the seed metering device motor 5c is arranged at one side of the seed metering device 5b and is used for controlling the rotating speed of a seed metering disc 5b6, the rotating speed is matched with the dragging advancing speed to further control the plant spacing, the seed metering device 5b is communicated with a seed, ensuring pre-broadcast preparation.
The seed metering device 5b comprises an air chamber 5b1, a seed metering shaft 5b2, a seed metering disc clamping sleeve 5b3, a sealing ring 5b4, a compression spring 5b5, a seed metering disc 5b6, a limiting block 5b7, a seed baffle 5b8, a seed poking needle 5b9, a cover 5b10, a seed discharging plug 5b11 and a seed metering opening 5b12, wherein the seed metering shaft 5b2 is arranged at the center of the air chamber 5b1, the seed metering disc clamping sleeve 5b3, the seed metering disc 5b3 and the compression spring 5b3 are sequentially arranged on the seed metering shaft 5b2, the sealing ring 5b3 is arranged on the air chamber 5b 8672 and the seed metering disc 5b3, the cover is arranged on the left side of the air chamber 5b3, the cover 5b3 is arranged on one side of the lower part of the cover is provided with the seed holes 5b3, the seed discharging plug 5b3 is arranged on the positive lower part, and the limiting block is internally provided with the seed metering.
The air chamber 5b1 and the seed shaft 5b2 are mounted by adopting a bearing, the bearing is positioned by adopting an elastic retainer ring, one side of the seed shaft 5b2 is milled with two planes, the circumferential positioning of the seed plate clamping sleeve 5b3 is realized by the planes, the seed shaft 5b2, the compression spring 5b5, the seed plate 5b6 and the seed plate clamping sleeve 5b3 are tightly connected, and the axial positioning is realized by a screw and a flat washer to realize synchronous rotation.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the seeder works, the whole seeder is hung at the rear part of the tractor through the three-point suspension device 2g and moves forward along with the tractor, and the power output device of the tractor drives the rotary tillage knife roller 2e to rotate through the gearbox 2c to realize the rotary tillage function. At the in-process that the seeder gos forward, hydraulic gear pump 3f drives suppression ridging roller 3d through transmission case 3e and rotates, and extrusion soil shaping is advanced along with the tractor, realizes the ridging function. Meanwhile, the motor controller 1b controls the fertilizer discharging motor 1e, the seed sowing device motor 5c and the air suction electric fan 5d to work respectively. The fertilizer application function is realized by controlling the fertilizer discharging motor 1e to drive the fertilizer discharging device 1c to work, the seed metering motor 5c is controlled to drive the seed metering disc 5b6 of the seed metering device 5b to rotate, due to negative pressure generated by the air suction electric fan 5d, each type hole of the seed metering disc 5b6 adsorbs single seeds, the seeds rotate along with the seed metering disc 5b6, free falling motion is formed in a non-pressure area due to disappearance of the negative pressure and the action of gravity, and then the seeds sequentially pass through the housing 5b10, the seed metering port 5b12, the transparent hose 5e and the seed guide pipe 4b6 to fall into soil, so that the seeding function is realized. Before sowing, the furrow opener sliding knife 4b4 of the furrow opener 4b breaks the soil to realize the ditching function, and the soil covering rod 4b5 completes the soil covering function after the seeds enter the soil. All working processes are carried out synchronously, and combined operations of fertilization, rotary tillage, ridging, ditching, seeding and soil covering of the seeder are realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited, and modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a smart volume seeder is united to vegetables, includes row fertile device (1), rotary cultivator attachment (2), ridging device (3), ditching device (4), seed metering device (5), its characterized in that:
two ends of the upper part of the rotary tillage device (2) are respectively provided with two sets of fertilizer discharging devices (1), the ridging device (3) is hung at the rear part of the rotary tillage device (2), the upper part of the ridging device (3) is provided with a seed discharging device (5), and the rear part of the ridging device (3) is provided with a ditching device (4).
2. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fertilizer discharging device (1) comprises a fertilizer box (1a), a motor controller (1b), a fertilizer discharging device (1c), a fertilizer pipe (1d) and a fertilizer discharging motor (1 e);
the two fertilizer applicators (1c) are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of fertilizer applicators (1c) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box (1a) in parallel;
the two fertilizer discharging motors (1e) are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of fertilizer discharging motors (1e) are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the same side of the two groups of fertilizer discharging devices (1 c);
the two groups of fertilizer tubes (1d) are arranged, and the two groups of fertilizer tubes (1d) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the bottoms of the two groups of fertilizer applicators (1 c);
the motor controller (1b) is arranged on a fertilizer box (1a) at one end of the seeder, and the motor controller (1b) is used for controlling all motors of the whole seeder.
3. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the rotary tillage device (2) comprises a frame (2a), a front ditching disc plough (2b), a gearbox (2c), a soil breaking device (2d), a rotary tillage knife roller (2e), a soil covering plate (2f), a three-point suspension device (2g) and a cover plate (2 h);
two ends of the rack (2a) are provided with two groups of front ditching disc plows (2b), two ends of the upper portion of the rack (2a) are provided with cover plates (2h), the middle of the rack (2a) is provided with a gearbox (2c), a soil breaking device (2d) and a three-point suspension device (2g), two ends of the lower portion of the rack (2a) are provided with rotary tillage knife rolls (2e), and the rear portion of the rack (2a) is provided with a soil covering plate (2 f).
4. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the ridging device (3) comprises a ridging device rack (3a), a connecting rod (3b), a lifter (3c), a pressing ridging roller (3d), a transmission case (3e) and a hydraulic gear pump (3 f);
the ridging device (3) is connected to the rotary tillage device (2) in a hanging mode through a connecting rod (3b) to form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, the lower portion of a lifter (3c) is installed in the middle of the upper portion of a frame (3a) of the ridging device, the upper portion of the lifter (3c) is installed in the middle of the upper portion of a three-point suspension device (2g), two sets of connecting rods (3b) are installed on two sides of the rotary tillage device (2) respectively through pin shafts and can swing around the pin shafts, the lifter (3c) is lifted and lowered through a hand-operated screw rod for stretching, and the ridging device (3) can move vertically through the extension or shortening of a sleeve;
a transmission box (3e) is arranged on one side of the ridging device rack (3a), and the pressing ridging roller (3d) and the hydraulic gear pump (3f) are respectively arranged on the lower part and one side of the ridging device rack (3a) and are connected through the transmission box (3 e);
transmission case (3e) inside is chain drive, realizes the synchronous logical direction rotation of suppression ridging roller (3d) and hydraulic gear pump (3 f).
5. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the ditching device (4) comprises a ditching device rack (4a) and a ditcher (4 b);
eight sets of furrow openers (4b) are arranged, the furrow openers (4b) are installed at the rear part of the frame (4a) of the furrow opener through U-shaped clamps, the eight sets of furrow openers (4b) are installed at equal intervals, the intervals between the furrow openers (4b) are adjustable, and the interval adjusting range is 80-230 mm.
6. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the seed sowing device (5) comprises a seed sowing device bracket (5a), a seed sowing device (5b), a seed sowing device motor (5c), an air suction electric fan (5d), a transparent hose (5e) and a steel wire hose (5f),
seed metering ware (5b) are equipped with at seed metering ware support (5a) upper portion both ends, are equipped with air suction electric fan (5d) in the middle of seed metering ware support (5a) upper portion, adopt flexible steel wire hose (5f) to be linked together between air chamber (5b1) of air suction electric fan (5d) and seed metering ware (5b), seed metering ware motor (5c) are installed in seed metering ware (5b) one side for the rotational speed of control seed metering dish (5b6), adopt transparent hose (5e) to be linked together between seed metering ware (5b) and seed guide (4b6) of furrow opener (4 b).
7. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the fertilizer box (1a) is made of 304 stainless steel;
the fertilizer applicators (1c) are external grooved wheel type fertilizer applicators, and each set of fertilizer applicator (1c) is driven by a separate fertilizer application motor (1 e);
the fertilizer discharging motors (1e) are 12V100W direct current motors, and the speeds and the opening and closing time of all the fertilizer discharging motors (1e) are controlled by a motor controller (1 b);
the fertilizer pipe (1d) penetrates through the cover plate (2h) through a hole and is fertilized and buried in soil through the rotary tillage knife roller (2 e).
8. A vegetable combined precision seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the bracket of the front ditching disc plough (2b) is of a sleeve translation structure and is used for adjusting the disc plough in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
the inside of the gearbox (2c) is in gear transmission, and the tractor transmits power to the rotary tillage knife roller (2e) connected with the tractor through the gearbox (2 c);
the upper and lower positions of the soil covering plate (2f) are adjustable and fixed through bolt groups and are used for controlling the soil crushing feeding amount of the ridging device (3);
the cover plate (2h) is mounted on the frame (2a) through a hinge.
9. A combined precision vegetable planter according to claim 5 wherein:
the furrow opener (4b) comprises a furrow opener clamp (4b1), a furrow opener spring (4b2), a furrow opener support handle (4b3), a furrow opener sliding knife (4b4), a soil covering rod (4b5) and a seed guide pipe (4b 6);
the opener support handle (4b3) is arranged at the lower part of the opener clamp (4b1), and a pin is adopted between the opener support handle (4b3) and the opener clamp (4b1) for limiting, so as to determine the lowest position of the opener sliding knife (4b 4);
the furrow opener spring (4b2) is arranged on a furrow opener support handle (4b3) and is positioned by a pin, so that the furrow opener sliding knife (4b4) has restoring elasticity after entering the soil;
the furrow opener sliding knife (4b4) is welded at the bottom of the furrow opener supporting handle (4b3), and the bottom plane of the furrow opener sliding knife (4b4) is parallel to the horizontal plane;
the soil covering rod (4b5) is arranged at the rear end of the furrow opener sliding knife (4b 4);
the seed guide pipe (4b6) is welded at the rear end of the shank (4b3) of the furrow opener, and the bottom of the seed guide pipe (4b6) is positioned above the bottom of the furrow opener sliding knife (4b 4).
10. A combined precision vegetable planter according to claim 6 wherein:
the seed metering device (5b) comprises an air chamber (5b1), a seed metering shaft (5b2), a seed metering disc clamping sleeve (5b3), a sealing ring (5b4), a compression spring (5b5), a seed metering disc (5b6), a limiting block (5b7), a seed baffle plate (5b8), a seed poking needle (5b9), a cover (5b10), a seed discharging plug (5b11) and a seed metering opening (5b 12);
a seed discharging shaft (5b2) is arranged at the center of the air chamber (5b1), a seed discharging disc clamping sleeve (5b3), a seed discharging disc (5b6) and a compression spring (5b5) are sequentially mounted on the seed discharging shaft (5b2), sealing rings (5b4) are arranged on the air chamber (5b1) and the seed discharging disc (5b6), a cover (5b10) is arranged on the left side of the air chamber (5b1), a seed discharging port (5b12) is arranged on one side of the lower portion of the cover, a seed discharging plug (5b11) is arranged on the lower portion of the cover, and a limiting block (5b7), a seed baffle plate (5b8) and a seed poking needle (5b9) are;
the air chamber (5b1) and the seeding shaft (5b2) are mounted through a bearing, the bearing is positioned by adopting an elastic retainer ring, and one side of the seeding shaft (5b2) is milled with two planes for circumferential positioning of a seeding disc clamping sleeve (5b 3);
the seed shaft (5b2), the compression spring (5b5), the seed plate (5b6) and the seed plate clamping sleeve (5b3) are tightly connected, and the axial positioning is realized through a screw and a flat washer to realize synchronous rotation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911159267.4A CN110972583B (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Vegetable combined precision seeder |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911159267.4A CN110972583B (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Vegetable combined precision seeder |
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| CN110972583B CN110972583B (en) | 2024-06-28 |
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| CN112205131A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-12 | 哈尔滨华惠农业机械制造有限公司 | Novel electric-speed-adjusting seeder control system |
| CN112514613A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 扬州大学 | Electric crawler type precision vegetable seeder with facility |
| CN112616378A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 华中农业大学 | Hand-held precision seeder for rape cell breeding |
| CN114731789A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-12 | 湖州职业技术学院(湖州广播电视大学)(湖州社区大学) | Multifunctional intelligent control rice precision seed sowing device |
| CN115500116A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-23 | 华南农业大学 | Pneumatic vegetable planter suitable for ridge culture |
| CN115643943A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-01-31 | 衡东辉远科技有限公司 | Full-automatic seeding and seedling raising equipment |
| CN117616926A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-03-01 | 毕节市农业机械研究所(毕节市农机技术推广站) | Pinellia tuber precision planter |
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