CN110967548B - Program-controlled variable resistor device with current detection function and working method - Google Patents

Program-controlled variable resistor device with current detection function and working method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110967548B
CN110967548B CN201811151220.9A CN201811151220A CN110967548B CN 110967548 B CN110967548 B CN 110967548B CN 201811151220 A CN201811151220 A CN 201811151220A CN 110967548 B CN110967548 B CN 110967548B
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module
resistor
operational amplifier
input
series
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CN110967548A (en
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严卫林
李小文
陈明奎
谭利红
刘丽君
李敏
万加林
莫伟书
李想利
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C10/00Adjustable resistors

Abstract

The invention discloses a program-controlled variable resistance device with a current detection function and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the communication interface circuit module, the control unit and the variable resistance channel are characterized by comprising a plurality of parallel variable resistance channels; the variable resistance channel includes: DAC module, operational amplifier circuit module, ADC module. The invention is easy to artificially program control, has high resistance value precision, wider application range and high resistance value updating speed, and can simulate various resistance value curves; the output resistance value is irrelevant to the flowing test current; and has a function of detecting the magnitude of the test current.

Description

Program-controlled variable resistor device with current detection function and working method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control and test, in particular to a program-controlled variable resistance device with a current detection function and a working method.
Background
Resistive sensing devices are widely applied in the industrial fields of rail transit, aerospace and the like, for example, PT100 and PT1000 platinum thermal resistance sensors used for monitoring the temperature of bearings at each position of an engine convert temperature information into resistance signals for transmission, a control system needs to be provided with a corresponding resistance monitoring system to detect the resistance signals, and the detection mode of the resistance signals is mainly completed by placing a sensor resistor in a constant current source or a constant voltage source circuit and collecting the voltage at two ends of the resistor. In the development and fault detection processes of the resistance value monitoring systems, various resistance value signals need to be provided to fully test the monitoring systems so as to verify the functional correctness and completeness of system design, calibrate the performance of the system and provide help for timely checking and troubleshooting fault reasons and fault parts when the system fails. These resistance signals are often provided in a large number and have various resistances, and it is sometimes necessary to form various non-linear resistance curves. The actual resistance value sensor is not only high in cost, but also difficult to realize the condition that the sensor needs to work in various specific environments to generate various resistance value signals. Therefore, the industry has been replaced by various variable resistor devices and systems capable of simulating the resistance sensor signal.
The following are the main variable resistance devices currently available: (1) the traditional resistance box is heavy in size and complex in operation, and the requirement of automatic testing is difficult to meet when a multi-channel resistance value is simulated. (2) The digital potentiometer, also called a numerical control programmable resistor, has an internal structure principle similar to that of a sliding rheostat, the highest 10-bit resolution of the digital potentiometer on the market at present, the end-to-end resistance is more than 1 kilomega, the stepping resistance is large, and the error of the end-to-end resistance is large and can reach 20 percent generally. (3) The programmable resistor array is formed by arranging and combining a plurality of high-precision resistors and relays, and the on-off of each relay is controlled through a logic chip to achieve specific resistance value output. The method can obtain high-precision resistor output, but the cost is high due to the adoption of a large number of high-precision resistors and relays. Especially under the requirement of multiple channels, the cost is higher, the occupied space is larger, and when the resistance value of the resistor is updated, a large number of relay actions need to be completed, the updating speed is slower, and the updating jumping of the resistance value is discontinuous. (4) The voltage-controlled resistor realizes the simulation of the resistance characteristic by controlling the voltage at two ends of the analog output or the magnitude of the current flowing through the voltage-controlled resistor, so that the output end is equivalent to resistors with various resistance values. The method is easy to control, the resistance value is updated quickly, various resistance value curves can be output easily, the cost is low, and multiple channels are easy to integrate. However, such devices are only suitable for a resistance value monitoring system using a fixed constant current source or a constant voltage source, and cannot be applied when the type and parameters of the applied resistance value monitoring system are unknown.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a programmable variable resistance device with a current detection function and a method for operating the same. The simulation method aims at the simulation of the resistive load (the magnitude of the current passing through the system is within tens of milliamperes) in the low-current test system in the fields of rail transit, aviation test and the like.
In view of the above object, the present invention provides a program-controlled variable resistance device with a current detection function, the device comprising: communication interface circuit module, the control unit and variable resistance passageway, the device still includes: a plurality of parallel variable resistance channels; the variable resistance channel includes: DAC module, operational amplifier circuit module and ADC module.
The DAC module adopts serial input or parallel input according to detection requirements; the control unit provides a clock signal, a control signal and input data to the DAC module; the operational amplifier circuit module provides a first reference voltage to the DAC module; the DAC module outputs voltage to the operational amplifier circuit module.
The input data is decimal and has a size of D, the first reference voltage is Vref, the precision of the DAC module is N, and the output voltage Vo1 is Vref D/2N
The circuit characteristic of the operational amplifier circuit module is equivalent to a variable equivalent resistor R.
The variable equivalent resistor R is only related to the DAC module input data D and the fixed resistance value adopted by the internal circuit of the operational amplifier circuit module.
The operational amplifier circuit module comprises: a proportional amplifying circuit and a proportional subtractor circuit;
the proportion amplifying circuit comprises a first operational amplifier U2A, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a sampling resistor Rs, wherein the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7 and the sampling resistor Rs are arranged around the first operational amplifier U2A, the non-inverting input of the U2A is the output voltage Vo1 of the DAC module, the test current I is input from an input end point a, the output end point b is output, and the voltage between the two points a and b is Vo;
the proportional subtractor circuit includes: a second operational amplifier U2B, a third operational amplifier U2C, a fourth operational amplifier U2D and its surrounding first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9;
the Rs is connected with one end in series to a test current input end and the other end in series to the U2A input end and the positive output end of the U2D, the R5 and the R6 are connected with the positive output end of the U2A in parallel, the R7 is connected with one end in series to the negative output end of the U2A and the other end in series to the positive output end of the U2C,
the R1 and R2 are connected in parallel to the positive output end of the U2B, the other end of the R1 is connected in series to the input end of the U2C, one end of the R3 is connected in series to the negative output end of the U2B, the other end of the R3 is connected in series to the input end of the U2D,
the R4 has one end connected in series to the input end of the U2B and the other end connected in series to the negative output end of the U2B,
the R8 has one end connected in series to the input end of the U2C and the other end connected in series to the negative output end of the U2C,
the R9 has one end connected in series to the input end of the U2D and the other end connected in series to the negative output end of the U2D,
the R1 and the R8 are in series, and the R3, the R4 and the R9 are in series.
After the test current passes through the operational discharge module, the voltage Vo detected by the input end point and the output end point is Vo 1R 6/(R5+ R6); when R2/R1 ═ R4/R3, the first reference voltage Vref ═ I × Rs ═ R2/R1; the variable equivalent resistance R (Vo/I) (Rs) (R2/R1) (R6/(R5+ R6)) (D/2)N(ii) a The variable equivalent resistance R ranges from 0 to Rs R2/R1.
The ADC module adopts serial input or parallel input according to detection requirements; the control unit provides a clock signal and a control signal to the ADC module; the operational amplifier circuit module provides an analog input voltage to the ADC module; the second reference voltage input by the ADC module is a constant value; and the ADC module outputs data to the operational amplifier circuit module to obtain test current.
The second reference voltage input by the ADC module is V1, the precision of the ADC module is X, and the output data D1 of the ADC module is 2X*Vref/V1=2X(IRs R2)/(R1V 1) and obtaining the test current I (V1/Rs) (R1/R2) D1/2X
A working method of a program-controlled variable resistor with a current detection function comprises the following steps:
the external control system sends instruction data such as the number of resistance channels, the setting of resistance values and the like to a communication interface circuit module of the device;
the communication interface circuit module of the device transmits instruction data to a control unit of the device;
the control unit of the device judges whether instruction data are received or not, if the control unit confirms that valid instruction data are received, the next step is carried out, and if not, the control unit returns to a communication interface circuit module of the device to continue waiting for new instruction data transmission;
the control unit of the device analyzes effective instruction data and transmits the effective instruction data to a DAC module and an ADC module in the variable resistance channel, the DAC module generates signals such as control and clock and the like and outputs the signals to the variable resistance channel, and the resistance value of an operational amplifier circuit module of the variable resistance channel is set;
the test current is input into the operational amplifier circuit module of the variable resistance channel, various voltages required by the test are simulated by the test current, test current data are obtained, and the current data are fed back to the control unit through the DAC module and the ADC module;
the control unit of the device reads the measured test current data, and the control unit converts the data into a current signal and feeds the current signal back to an external control system.
From the above, it can be seen that the present invention provides a programmable variable resistance device with current detection function and an operating method thereof. The invention is easy to artificially program control, has high resistance value precision, wider application range and high resistance value updating speed, and can simulate various resistance value curves; the output resistance value is irrelevant to the flowing test current; and has a function of detecting the magnitude of the test current.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a programmable variable resistance device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a DAC module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operational amplifier circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an ADC module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a control flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
The invention provides a program-controlled variable resistor device and a program-controlled variable resistor method, which are mainly applied to test systems in the fields of rail transit, aviation and the like.
The structure of the device of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the system comprises: control unit, communication interface circuit, variable resistance passageway, wherein the variable resistance passageway specifically includes: DAC module, operational amplifier circuit, ADC module.
1) The communication interface circuit is a logic circuit for connecting the system interior with an external control system, and is designed according to the communication mode of the external control system and the selection of a control chip, such as an RS232 interface circuit, an Ethernet interface circuit and the like.
2) The control unit is mainly used for communicating with an external control system through a communication interface circuit, receiving commands of the external control system (such as an upper computer), sending digital signals to control the output of the DAC module of each variable resistance channel, and sending the digital signals converted from analog signals collected by the ADC module to the upper computer for processing. The control unit can adopt various chips meeting the requirements of system communication and control functions, such as a DSP, an FPGA, an MCU and the like.
3) There may be a plurality of said channels in parallel.
3-1) DAC module circuit. DAC, digital-to-analog converter. The DAC module can adopt serial or parallel input type according to the requirement, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a typical serial input DAC module, the DAC module input data (D with decimal size), clock signal, control signal (CLR, etc.) are provided by the control unit, SDO is connected to the control chip to read the DAC module register data, the DAC module voltage Vref is provided by the operational amplifier circuit, the output voltage Vo1 is provided to the operational amplifier circuit, and the adopted DAC is N bit precision, so that Vo1 is Vref D/2N
3-2) an operational amplifier circuit module. The operational amplifier circuit module is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a voltage following proportional amplifying circuit and a proportional subtracter circuit with an input buffer, and the two-stage proportional amplifying circuit is adopted to enhance the flexibility of parameter selection of each part of the circuit, so that the output resistance range can be better met, and more requirements (such as the requirements of partial DAC and ADC reference voltage input ranges) of various devices can be met. The voltage following amplifying circuit is composed of an operational amplifier U2A and R5, R6 and Rs around the operational amplifier U2A, the non-inverting input of U2A is a DAC output voltage Vo1, Rs is a sampling resistor, a test current I is input from a point a, a point b is output, and a voltage Vo between the points a and b is Vo 1R 6/(R5+ R6). The operational amplifiers U2B, U2C, U2D and their surrounding resistors constitute a proportional subtracter circuit with input buffer, when R2/R1 is R4/R3The DAC module analyzes and finds that Vo1 is Vref D/2, and has Vref Rs R2/R1NThe variable equivalent resistance R ═ Vo/I ═ Rs (R2/R1) × (R6/(R5+ R6)) × D/2 between the points a and b can be obtainedNThe variable equivalent resistor R is only related to the input data D of the DAC module and the fixed resistance value adopted by the internal circuit, and is not related to the external test current I, so that the variable equivalent resistor R can be applied to various resistance value monitoring systems. The circuit characteristics of the two ends of the test current input a and b are equivalent to a variable equivalent resistor R, the size of the variable equivalent resistor R is set according to the input data D, the range of the variable equivalent resistor R is 0-Rs R2/R1, and the step resistance value is (1/2)N) When R1, R2, R6, R5, Rs 1000 Ω and DAC precision N16 are taken, (R2/R1) Rs, the resistance R is 1000 Ω, the resistance R ranges from 0 Ω to 1000 Ω, and the program-controlled variable resistance is stepped to 0.015 Ω at the minimum.
3-3) ADC module circuit. ADC and analog-digital converter. The ADC module may be of a serial or parallel input type as required, fig. 4 is a typical serial input ADC module, the ADC module clock signal and the control signal are provided by the control unit, as described in the above section (3-2), the ADC analog input voltage is a voltage Vref ═ IRs × R2/R1 obtained by the voltage across the sampling resistor Rs passing through the subtractor circuit, the ADC module input reference voltage is a certain value V1, the voltage can be obtained by the LDO chip U4, and the ADC module outputs data D1 to the control unit. When the ADC module has X-bit precision, the ADC module outputs data D1 being 2X*Vref/V1=2X(IRs R2)/(R1V 1), from which the test current I (V1/Rs) (R1/R2) D1/2 can be determinedX. When V1 is 5V, R1 is 10k Ω, Rs is 1000 Ω, ADC accuracy X is 16, and D1 is 26214, the test current I is 2 mA.
The workflow of this patent is shown in fig. 5.
The working method and the process are as follows:
1) and the software of an external control system (an upper computer and the like) sends a resistance channel and a resistance value setting instruction.
2) And the data is transmitted to the program-controlled variable resistance system control unit through the communication interface circuit.
3) The control unit judges whether the communication instruction is received or not, if the control unit confirms that the effective instruction is received, the next step is carried out, and if the control unit is invalid, the control unit returns to continue waiting for the next communication instruction.
4) The control unit analyzes the communication instruction, then generates and outputs a corresponding DAC control signal, and sets a corresponding channel resistance value.
5) The control unit reads the test current signal detected by the relevant channel and feeds the test current signal back to the external control system. And returning to continue waiting for the next communication instruction.
The device and the working method of the invention mainly adopt the program control variable resistor realized by the DAC mode, the resistance value change response speed is fast, the circuit structure is simple, the multi-channel integration is easy, and simultaneously, the settable resistance value step can be very small by adopting the high-precision DAC, thereby achieving higher resolution.
The device and the method are voltage-controlled resistors, and compared with the voltage or the current of the control output end of the traditional voltage-controlled resistor, the device and the method perfectly simulate the resistance characteristic of the output end, thereby being suitable for various resistance value detection modes.
The device and the working method integrate the function of detecting the test current, so that data analysis is convenient to carry out, and when a constant current known test current is adopted for testing (for example, I is 5mA), the detected current can be compared with the known magnitude, so that whether the test current generating device fails or not can be judged.
The device and the working method meet the practical requirements, and the technical problems to be solved are as follows:
1) easy to program control. The requirement of automatic test is to realize simple, convenient and flexible control by using software program.
2) The resistance value precision is high. The high precision can meet the requirement of high-precision test, so that the application range of the device is wider.
3) The resistance value updating speed is high, and various resistance value curves can be simulated. In particular, the simulation of fault signals often has jump signals and various abnormal curves.
4) The output resistance value is irrelevant to the flowing test current, namely, the resistance value of the resistor is set to be not changed along with the test current no matter the constant current is input or the variable test current is input, so that the requirements of various existing resistance value signal detection modes are met.
5) The device has the function of detecting the magnitude of the test current. Sometimes, it is necessary to detect the magnitude of the test current to determine whether the current output of the resistance monitoring system is abnormal.
Aiming at the problems, the external part of the invention communicates with the control chip in various ways, the control chip controls the output voltage of the DAC module through a digital signal, the designed operational amplifier circuit is utilized to enable the output voltage to change correspondingly with the test current, namely the ratio of the voltage to the current is always the set resistance value, the simulation of the resistance characteristic of the output end and the control of the resistance value are realized, and the test current is detected through the sampling resistor and the ADC module to find whether the test current is abnormal or not.
The apparatus of the embodiment is used to implement the corresponding method in the foregoing embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which are not described herein again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
In addition, well known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the provided figures for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure the invention. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the invention, and also in view of the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform within which the present invention is to be implemented (i.e., specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the invention, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive.
While the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic ram (dram)) may use the discussed embodiments.
The embodiments of the invention are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A programmable variable resistance device with current sensing, the device comprising: communication interface circuit module, the control unit and variable resistance passageway, its characterized in that, the device still includes: a plurality of parallel variable resistance channels; the variable resistance channel includes: the device comprises a DAC module, an operational amplifier circuit module and an ADC module;
the DAC module adopts serial input or parallel input according to detection requirements; the control unit provides a clock signal, a control signal and input data to the DAC module; the operational amplifier circuit module provides a first reference voltage to the DAC module; the DAC module outputs voltage to the operational amplifier circuit module, wherein the voltage is output by the DAC module;
the input data is decimal and has a size of D;
the first reference voltage is Vref;
the precision of the DAC module is N;
the DAC module outputs voltage Vo1 (Vref) D/2N to the operational amplifier circuit module;
the ADC module adopts serial input or parallel input according to detection requirements; the control unit provides a clock signal and a control signal to the ADC module; the operational amplifier circuit module provides an analog input voltage to the ADC module; the second reference voltage input by the ADC module is a constant value; the ADC module outputs data to the operational amplifier circuit module to obtain test current, wherein the test current is obtained;
the analog input voltage is obtained by sampling voltage at two ends of the resistor Rs and passing through a subtractor circuit, and the voltage Vref is IRs R2/R1;
the second reference voltage is V1;
the precision of the ADC module is X;
the ADC module outputs data D1-2 to the operational amplifier circuit moduleX*Vref/V1=2X*(IRs*R2)/(R1*V1);
The test current is I ═ V1/Rs (R1/R2) × D1/2X
The circuit characteristic of the operational amplifier circuit module is equivalent to a variable equivalent resistor R;
the variable equivalent resistor R is only related to the DAC module input data D and a fixed resistance value adopted by an internal circuit of the operational amplifier circuit module;
wherein, the operational amplifier circuit module includes: a proportional amplifying circuit and a proportional subtractor circuit;
the proportion amplifying circuit comprises a first operational amplifier U2A, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a sampling resistor Rs, wherein the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7 and the sampling resistor Rs are arranged around the first operational amplifier U2A, the non-inverting input of the U2A is the output voltage Vo1 of the DAC module, the test current I is input from an input end point a, the output end point b is output, and the voltage between the two points a and b is Vo;
the proportional subtractor circuit includes: a second operational amplifier U2B, a third operational amplifier U2C, a fourth operational amplifier U2D and its surrounding first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9;
the Rs is connected with one end in series to a test current input end and the other end in series to the U2A input end and the positive output end of the U2D, the R5 and the R6 are connected with the positive output end of the U2A in parallel, the R7 is connected with one end in series to the negative output end of the U2A and the other end in series to the positive output end of the U2C,
the R1 and R2 are connected in parallel to the positive output end of the U2B, the other end of the R1 is connected in series to the input end of the U2C, one end of the R3 is connected in series to the negative output end of the U2B, the other end of the R3 is connected in series to the input end of the U2D,
the R4 has one end connected in series to the input end of the U2B and the other end connected in series to the negative output end of the U2B,
the R8 has one end connected in series to the input end of the U2C and the other end connected in series to the negative output end of the U2C,
the R9 has one end connected in series to the input end of the U2D and the other end connected in series to the negative output end of the U2D,
the R1 and the R8 are in series, the R3, the R4 and the R9 are in series;
after the test current passes through the operational amplifier circuit module, the voltage Vo detected by the input end point and the output end point is Vo 1R 6/(R5+ R6); when R2/R1 ═ R4/R3, the first reference voltage Vref ═ I × Rs ═ R2/R1; the variable equivalent resistance R (Vo/I) (Rs) (R2/R1) (R6/(R5+ R6)) (D/2)N
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the variable equivalent resistance R is in a range of 0 to Rs R2/R1.
3. A method of operating a programmable variable resistance device with current sensing according to any of claims 1-2, comprising:
the external control system sends instruction data to a communication interface circuit module of the device;
the communication interface circuit module of the device transmits the instruction data to a control unit of the device;
the control unit of the device judges whether the instruction data is received, if the control unit confirms that the valid instruction data is received, the next step is carried out, otherwise, the control unit returns to the communication interface circuit module of the device to continue waiting for new instruction data transmission;
the control unit of the device analyzes effective instruction data and transmits the effective instruction data to a DAC module and an ADC module in the variable resistance channel, the DAC module generates control and clock signals and outputs the control and clock signals to the variable resistance channel, and the resistance value of an operational amplifier circuit module of the variable resistance channel is set;
the test current is input into the operational amplifier circuit module of the variable resistance channel, various voltages required by the test are simulated by the test current, test current data are obtained, and the current data are fed back to the control unit through the DAC module and the ADC module;
the control unit of the device reads the measured test current data, and the control unit converts the data into a current signal and feeds the current signal back to an external control system.
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