CN108267622A - A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function - Google Patents
A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267622A CN108267622A CN201810057806.2A CN201810057806A CN108267622A CN 108267622 A CN108267622 A CN 108267622A CN 201810057806 A CN201810057806 A CN 201810057806A CN 108267622 A CN108267622 A CN 108267622A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/36—Overload-protection arrangements or circuits for electric measuring instruments
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, it includes sequentially connected micro-control unit, the first AD conversion unit, the second AD conversion unit, D/A conversion unit, input resistance, feedback resistance, sampling resistor, integrated operational amplifier, capacitance, controllable gain amplifying unit, driving unit, field-effect tube, voltage sampling unit, current sampling unit, dpdt relay, voltage identification unit, external power supply and reference ground.The present invention drives and controls dpdt relay by increasing voltage identification unit; just power supply can be physically connected to electronic load when the polarity connection of external power supply is correct; because of power supply short circuit caused by field-effect tube parasitic diode during so as to effectively prevent reverse power connection, achieve the purpose that protect electronic load and tested power supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to programmable DC electronic load, especially a kind of electronic load with reversal connection voltage protection function
Device belongs to electronic surveying field, suitable for the debugging, inspection and detection of DC power supply, switch adapter and battery.
Background technology
Electronic load is the conducting degree by controlling internal fet, and setting for electric energy is consumed by field-effect tube
It is standby, it is widely used in exploitation, debugging, detection, aging and the maintenance of power-supply device.Traditional electronic load is as shown in Figure 1, D
Parasitic diode for MOS field effect transistor.Control circuit is fed back to by sampling come the voltage on self-test leakage resistance, and sampled result,
Control circuit is compared this voltage signal and input reference voltage caused by microcontroller control digital analog converter, according to
Result of the comparison controls the conducting degree of field-effect tube, so as to change the resistance of field-effect tube conducting channel, reaches controlling filed effect
Should pipe hold current-carrying purpose, if field-effect tube carrying power be PT, Ron is the conducting resistance of transistor, and I is flows through crystal
Electric current between the drain electrode of pipe and source electrode, V are the output voltage of power supply, thenPractical electronic load is disappeared
The power of consumption further includes the power consumed on inspection leakage resistance.When electronic load tests power supply at present, external power supply it is defeated
What outlet was directly connected to electronic load is input terminal accordingly, i.e. the positive polarity output terminal of external power supply is connected to electronic load
Positive polarity input terminal, the negative polarity output of external power supply is connected to the negative polarity input terminal of electronic load.In normal condition
Under, after starting electronic load, the current value set according to electronic load is carried out drawing load by power supply.But in practical operation, very
It it is possible that can be the reverse polarity connection of power supply, especially when negative value power supply is tested, often the negative voltage of power supply
Output terminates to the positive polarity input terminal of electronic load, and the negative polarity of the reference ground connecting pin electronic load of power supply is inputted
End.Due to the presence of field-effect tube parasitic diode, when reverse power connection and larger supply voltage value, diode often can directly be led
Logical, parasitic diode of a large amount of electric currents directly from positive pole Jing Guo field-effect tube, which flows to power cathode, leads to power supply close to short
Road, then, electronic load will be unable to normally draw and carry, and field-effect tube and power supply then may be because that heat can not distribute in time and draw
The temperature of hair rises and burns out.
At present, in the case of electric voltage reverse-connection, traditional electronic load provides reverse connecting protection alarm, prohibits from software
Only the electric current under reversal connection state, which is drawn, carries.But since the physical connection mode of power supply and electronic load at this time does not change, locate
It is still loaded on MOS field effect transistor in the power supply of reversal connection state, parasitism two of a large amount of electric currents directly from positive pole Jing Guo field-effect tube
Pole pipe, which flows to power cathode, leads to power supply close to short circuit, and power supply is in approaching the state of short circuit, so only from software
Upper offer reverse power connection alarm, which can not be protected really, to be played the role of protecting electronic load and protection power source.
Traditional electronic load is as shown in Figure 1, it includes sequentially connected micro-control unit MCU, the first analog-to-digital conversion list
First V_ADC, the second AD conversion unit I_ADC, D/A conversion unit DAC, input resistance Ri, feedback resistance Rf, sampling resistor
Rs, integrated operational amplifier U1, capacitance C1, controllable gain amplifying unit PGA, driving unit Drive, field-effect tube Q1, voltage
Sampling unit Volt Sample, current sampling unit Curr Sample, external power supply E and reference ground, micro-control unit MCU's
A part of output pin is connected to the input terminal of D/A conversion unit DAC, the output terminal connection input electricity of D/A conversion unit DAC
Hinder one end of Ri, the in-phase input end of the other end connection integrated operational amplifier U1 of input resistance Ri, integrated operational amplifier
Output terminal connection capacitance C1 one end, the inverting input of the other end connection integrated operational amplifier of capacitance C1 integrates fortune
The output terminal for calculating amplifier U1 is also connected with the input terminal of controllable gain amplifying unit PGA, and the output terminal of controllable gain amplifier connects
Meet the input terminal of driving unit Drive, the grid of the output terminal connection field-effect tube Q1 of driving unit Drive, field-effect tube Q1
Source electrode connection sampling resistor Rs one end, one end of one end connection feedback resistance Rf of sampling resistor Rs, feedback resistance Rf's
The inverting input of other end connection integrated operational amplifier U1, the other end connection reference ground of sampling resistor Rs, sampling resistor
One end of Rs is also connected to the input terminal of current sampling unit Curr Sample, the output of current sampling unit Curr Sample
End is connected to a part of input pin of micro-control unit MCU, and the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q1 is connected to voltage sampling unit Volt
The input terminal of Sample, another part that the output terminal of voltage sampling unit Volt Sample is connected to micro-control unit MCU are defeated
Enter pin；Micro-control unit MCU is responsible for that D/A conversion unit DAC, the first AD conversion unit V_ADC and the second modulus is controlled to turn
Unit I_ADC is changed, input resistance Ri, feedback resistance Rf, capacitance C1 and integrated operational amplifier U1 form profound and negative feedbck circuit；
Controllable gain amplifying unit PGA carries out voltage amplification to the output of integrated operational amplifier U1；Driving unit Drive is to controllably increasing
The output of beneficial amplifying unit PGA banish greatly, to accelerate the driving to field-effect tube Q1.
Invention content
In order to overcome the problems referred above, the present invention provides a kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, passes through
Increase voltage identification unit to drive and control dpdt relay, when the polarity connection of external power supply is correct
Power supply can be physically connected to electronic load, because of field-effect tube parasitic diode during so as to be effectively prevented reverse power connection
Caused power supply short circuit achievees the purpose that protect electronic load and tested power supply.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, it include sequentially connected micro-control unit MCU,
First AD conversion unit V_ADC, the second AD conversion unit I_ADC, D/A conversion unit DAC, input resistance Ri, feedback electricity
Hinder Rf, sampling resistor Rs, integrated operational amplifier U1, capacitance C1, controllable gain amplifying unit PGA, driving unit Drive, field
Effect pipe Q1, voltage sampling unit Volt Sample, current sampling unit Curr Sample, dpdt relay K101,
Voltage identification unit Volt Detect, external power supply E and reference ground, voltage identification unit Volt Detect are responsible for judging external
The polarity of power supply E, generates the judging result of the polarity to external power supply E, and send to micro-control unit MCU；Micro-control unit MCU
It is responsible for receiving the low level interruption generated from voltage identification unit Volt Detect.
Further, voltage identification unit Volt Detect include Check up polarity part and relay driving part, polarity
Detection part is responsible for judging the polarity of external power supply E, and relay driving part is responsible for driving dpdt relay K101；
When external power supply E connection modes are correct, the output result of Check up polarity part is high level, and relay drives at this time
Dynamic part generates low level output, and driving dpdt relay K101 is attracted；At this point, external power supply E will be exported with positive polarity
End is connected to the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q1, and external power supply will be connected to reference ground with negative polarity output, so as to effectively prevent
Destruction caused by external power supply E error-polarity connections.
Further, the input terminal of the positive polarity output terminal connection voltage identification unit Volt Detect of external power supply E,
The positive polarity output terminal of external power supply E is also connected with the C pins of dpdt relay K101, the negative polarity output of external power supply E
The C' pins of end connection dpdt relay K101, the leakage of the A pins connection field-effect tube Q1 of dpdt relay K101
Pole, the A' pins connection reference ground of dpdt relay K101, the B pins connection reference ground of dpdt relay K101,
The B' pins connection reference ground of dpdt relay K101, the output terminal connection double-pole of voltage identification unit Volt Detect
The controlling switch of double-throw relay K101, the output terminal of voltage identification unit Volt Detect are also connected with micro-control unit MCU's
One interrupt pin.
Advantageous effect：
1. the present invention proposes a kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, by increasing voltage identification
Unit drives and controls dpdt relay, just can be by power supply from object when the polarity connection of external power supply is correct
Electronic load is connected in reason, because power supply caused by field-effect tube parasitic diode is short during so as to be effectively prevented reverse power connection
Road achievees the purpose that protect electronic load and tested power supply.
2. the circuit in solution provided by the invention, structure is reliable, and used electronic component is conventional type
Number, component is easy to purchase, and has a good application prospect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is conditional electronic load principle block diagram；
Fig. 2 is the electronic load device functional block diagram that the present invention has electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function；
Fig. 3 is the electronic load device signal flow graph that the present invention has electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function；
Fig. 4 is the electronic load device signal implementation figure that the present invention has electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2,3, it is included successively
The micro-control unit MCU of connection, the first AD conversion unit V_ADC, the second AD conversion unit I_ADC, D/A conversion unit
DAC, input resistance Ri, feedback resistance Rf, sampling resistor Rs, integrated operational amplifier U1, capacitance C1, controllable gain amplifying unit
PGA, driving unit Drive, field-effect tube Q1, voltage sampling unit Volt Sample, current sampling unit Curr Sample,
Dpdt relay K101, voltage identification unit Volt Detect, external power supply E and reference ground, micro-control unit MCU's
A part of output pin is connected to the input terminal of D/A conversion unit DAC, the output terminal connection input electricity of D/A conversion unit DAC
Hinder one end of Ri, the in-phase input end of the other end connection integrated operational amplifier U1 of input resistance Ri, integrated operational amplifier
One end of the output terminal connection capacitance C1 of U1, the inverting input of the other end connection integrated operational amplifier U1 of capacitance C1, collection
Output terminal into operational amplifier U1 is also connected with the input terminal of controllable gain amplifying unit PGA, and controllable gain amplifier PGA's is defeated
The input terminal of outlet connection driving unit Drive, the grid of the output terminal connection field-effect tube Q1 of driving unit Drive, field effect
Should pipe Q1 source electrode connection sampling resistor Rs one end, one end of one end connection feedback resistance Rf of sampling resistor Rs, feedback electricity
The inverting input of the other end connection integrated operational amplifier U1 of Rf is hindered, the other end connection reference ground of sampling resistor Rs is adopted
One end of sample resistance Rs is also connected to the input terminal of current sampling unit Curr Sample, current sampling unit Curr Sample
Output terminal be connected to a part of input pin of micro-control unit MCU, the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q1 is connected to voltage sample list
The input terminal of first Volt Sample, the output terminal of voltage sampling unit Volt Sample are connected to another portion of micro-control unit
Divide input pin, the positive polarity output terminal of external power supply E connects the input terminal of voltage identification unit Volt Detect, power supply E's
Positive polarity output terminal is also connected with the C pins of dpdt relay K101, and the negative polarity output connection double-pole of external power supply E is double
Throw the C' pins of relay K101, the drain electrode of the A pins connection field-effect tube Q1 of dpdt relay K101, double-pole double throw after
The A' pins connection reference ground of electric appliance K101, the B pins connection reference ground of dpdt relay K101, dpdt relay
The B' pins connection reference ground of K101, the output terminal connection dpdt relay K101 of voltage identification unit Volt Detect
Controlling switch, the output terminal of voltage identification unit Volt Detect is also connected with an interrupt pin of micro-control unit MCU；
Micro-control unit MCU is responsible for controlling D/A conversion unit DAC, the first AD conversion unit V_ADC and the second modulus
Converting unit I_ADC, micro-control unit MCU are also responsible for receiving the low level generated from voltage identification unit Volt Detect
It interrupts；Input resistance Ri, feedback resistance Rf, capacitance C1 and integrated operational amplifier U1 form profound and negative feedbck circuit；It is controllable to increase
Beneficial amplifying unit PGA carries out voltage amplification to the output of integrated operational amplifier U1；Driving unit Drive amplifies controllable gain
The output of unit PGA banish greatly, to accelerate the driving to field-effect tube Q1；Voltage identification unit Volt Detect are responsible for
Judge the polarity of external power supply E, generate the judging result of the polarity to external power supply E；Voltage identification unit Volt Detect will
External power supply E polarity judging results, send to micro-control unit MCU；
Voltage identification unit Volt Detect include Check up polarity part and relay driving part, Check up polarity part
It is responsible for judging the polarity of external power supply, relay driving part is responsible for driving dpdt relay K101；When external power supply E connects
Connect mode it is correct when, the output result of Check up polarity part becomes high level, at this point, relay driving part generate low level it is defeated
Go out, driving dpdt relay K101 is attracted；At this point, external power supply E will be connected to field-effect tube Q1 with positive polarity output terminal
Drain electrode, external power supply E will be connected to reference ground with negative polarity output, so as to effectively prevent external power supply E error-polarity connections
Caused destruction.
Embodiment：
As shown in figure 4, voltage identification unit Volt Detect include Check up polarity part and relay driving part；Pole
Property detection part is by first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance
R6, the 7th resistance R7, the 8th resistance R8, the first capacitance C1, the second capacitance C2, third capacitance C3, the 4th capacitance C4, integrated computation
Amplifier U10, integrated comparator U11 ,+15V power supplys, -15V power supplys ,+3V3 power supplys composition；Relay driving part is by Darlington
Transistor array U12 (preferably chip model is ULN2003A) and dpdt relay K101 line packet external power supplys+VRelay
Composition.
As shown in figure 4, the operation principle of electronic load device：If the electromotive force of external power supply E is E, integrated comparator U11
Homophase input terminal voltage for V+, the anti-phase input terminal voltage of integrated comparator U11 is V-, and REV is sent to micro-control unit MCU's
One interrupt pin, Pos Power are the positive polarity output terminal potential of external power supply E, and Neg Power are the negative of external power supply E
Polarity output terminal potential, then：
Pos_Power-Neg_Power=E ... (1)
First resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the first capacitance C1,
It is anti-to form deep negative using integrated operational amplifier U10 as core by two capacitance C2, third capacitance C3 and integrated operational amplifier U10
Current feed circuit forms differential amplifier circuit, if the output voltage Vout of integrated operational amplifier U10, then：
Because of R1=R2=100k Ω, R3=R4=1k Ω, (2) Shi Ke get is substituted into：
If the anti-phase input terminal voltage of integrated comparator U11 is Vref, then：
Because of R6=10M Ω, R7=1k Ω, (4) Shi Ke get is substituted into：
Vref=-1.5mV ... (5)
When external power supply E connection modes are correct, i.e. the positive polarity output terminal of external power supply E is being connected to electronic load just
Polarity input terminal, the negative polarity output of external power supply E are connected to the negative polarity input terminal of electronic load, and external power supply E electricity
Kinetic potential is not zero, at this time：
Further, it can obtain：
Vout ＞ Vref, for integrated comparator U11 there are V+ ＞ V-, the output terminal collector of integrated comparator U11 is opened
Road,
REV=+3.3V ... (7)
Then, further, U12 i.e. ULN2003A No. 16 pin output state can be obtained as low level, then double-pole double throw
Relay K101 is attracted, i.e. the positive polarity output terminal of external power supply E is connected to the positive polarity input terminal of electronic load, external power supply
The negative polarity output of E is connected to the negative polarity input terminal of electronic load.
Meanwhile the corresponding interrupt pin of micro-control unit MCU is in high level state, micro-control unit MCU control numbers
Mould converting unit DAC is acted on, and micro-control unit MCU can logarithmic mode converting unit DAC assignment digital quantities.
When external power supply E connection mode reversal connections, i.e. the positive polarity output terminal of external power supply E is connected to the negative of electronic load
Polarity input terminal, the negative polarity output of external power supply E are connected to the positive polarity input terminal of electronic load, and external power supply E electricity
Kinetic potential is more than 150 millivolts, at this time Vout ＜ Vref, and for integrated comparator U11, there are V+ ＜ V-, integrated comparator U11
Output terminal ground connection,
REV=0 ... (8)
Then, further, U12 i.e. ULN2003A No. 16 pin output state can be obtained as high level, then double-pole is double
It throws relay K101 to be failure to actuate, the grid voltage of field-effect tube Q1 is zero, and the source voltage of field-effect tube Q1 is also zero, then field
The parasitic diode of effect pipe Q1 does not turn on, meanwhile, the corresponding interrupt pin of micro-control unit MCU is in low level shape
State, micro-control unit MCU will forbid logarithmic mode converting unit DAC to assign digital quantity.
Limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art should understand that, in technical scheme of the present invention
On the basis of, the various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art with little creative work still the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, it includes sequentially connected micro-control unit MCU, the
One AD conversion unit V_ADC, the second AD conversion unit I_ADC, D/A conversion unit DAC, input resistance Ri, feedback resistance
Rf, sampling resistor Rs, integrated operational amplifier U1, capacitance C1, controllable gain amplifying unit PGA, driving unit Drive, field effect
Should pipe Q1, voltage sampling unit Volt Sample, current sampling unit Curr Sample, external power supply E and reference ground, it is special
Sign is：It further includes dpdt relay K101 and voltage identification unit Volt Detect, the voltage identification unit
Volt Detect are responsible for judging the polarity of external power supply E, generate the judging result of the polarity to external power supply E, and send to micro-control
Unit MCU processed；Micro-control unit MCU is responsible for receiving the low level interruption generated from voltage identification unit Volt Detect.
2. the electronic load device according to claim 1 with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, it is characterised in that：The electricity
Recognition unit Volt Detect is pressed to include Check up polarity part and relay driving part, Check up polarity part is responsible for judging outer
The polarity of power supply E is connect, relay driving part is responsible for driving dpdt relay K101；
When external power supply E connection modes are correct, the output result of Check up polarity part is high level, at this time relay driving portion
Divide and generate low level output, driving dpdt relay K101 is attracted.
3. the electronic load device according to claim 1 or 2 with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function, it is characterised in that：Institute
State the input terminal of the positive polarity output terminal connection voltage identification unit Volt Detect of external power supply E, the anode of external power supply E
Property output terminal be also connected with the C pins of dpdt relay K101, the negative polarity output connection double-pole double throw of external power supply E after
The C' pins of electric appliance K101, the drain electrode of the A pins connection field-effect tube Q1 of dpdt relay K101, dpdt relay
The A' pins connection reference ground of K101, the B pins connection reference ground of dpdt relay K101, dpdt relay K101
B' pins connection reference ground, the control of the output terminal connection dpdt relay K101 of voltage identification unit Volt Detect
Pin processed, the output terminal of voltage identification unit Volt Detect are also connected with an interrupt pin of micro-control unit MCU.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810057806.2A CN108267622A (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810057806.2A CN108267622A (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function |
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| CN108267622A true CN108267622A (en) | 2018-07-10 |
Family
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| CN201810057806.2A Withdrawn CN108267622A (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | A kind of electronic load device with electric voltage reverse-connection defencive function |
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| CN113092836A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 山东英信计算机技术有限公司 | Circuit and method for realizing reliable protection of load circuit |
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| CN113092836A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 山东英信计算机技术有限公司 | Circuit and method for realizing reliable protection of load circuit |
| CN113809914A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-17 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Constant voltage control circuit |
| CN116718935A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-09-08 | 成都爱旗科技有限公司 | Battery detection device and battery detection method |
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Application publication date: 20180710 |