CN110963834A - Method for organic liquid fertilization of urine - Google Patents
Method for organic liquid fertilization of urine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110963834A CN110963834A CN201911392427.XA CN201911392427A CN110963834A CN 110963834 A CN110963834 A CN 110963834A CN 201911392427 A CN201911392427 A CN 201911392427A CN 110963834 A CN110963834 A CN 110963834A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for urine organic liquid fattening, which belongs to the field of urine treatment and comprises the following treatment steps: 1) activating pure bacillus subtilis QS1 powder, putting the activated pure bacillus subtilis QS1 powder into a solid-liquid separation type urinal, and treating for 3-6 days, wherein urine is discharged into the urinal continuously, and the bacillus subtilis QS1 is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 17314; 2) carrying out aerobic aeration treatment on the urine treated in the step 1) for 24-36 hours; 3) introducing the urine treated in the step 2) into a liquid fertilizer storage tank to be used as a liquid fertilizer. The method can carry out in-situ treatment in the natural urine intake process, and can obtain the liquid fertilizer through short-time aerobic aeration, thereby effectively saving the treatment time and the treatment cost and having high nutrient content of the liquid fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of urine treatment, and particularly relates to a method for urine organic liquid fertilization.
Background
Urine is rich in various nutrient elements, so that the urine attracts more and more attention in the field of resource recovery. Although the total volume of urine only accounts for about 4 percent of the total volume of the urban sewage, the urine provides nearly 80 percent of nitrogen and more than 50 percent of phosphorus in the urban sewage, and the urban sewage is discharged into a natural water body after being treated, even part of the sewage is directly discharged without being treated, so the higher concentration of the nitrogen and the phosphorus in the sewage generates great influence on the water body, and the most direct influence is eutrophication of the water body, so that the water body is deteriorated, aquatic animals die and the water area is polluted. Therefore, the urine in the urban sewage is subjected to resource treatment and is converted into the liquid fertilizer for utilizing the growth of crops, so that the problem of urine sewage discharge can be effectively solved, and the economic value of the urine sewage can be effectively improved.
Through retrieval, regarding the organic liquid fertilizer conversion treatment of urine, the prior art has disclosed related applications, for example, the application with chinese patent application No. CN201510317757.8 and publication date 2015, 9 and 23 discloses a method for preparing liquid fertilizer by using animal urine, which comprises the following steps: a. adding peanut bran, a soluble sugar source, straw skin and anaerobic yeast into the collected animal urine, and then sealing for anaerobic fermentation; b. filtering the fermentation liquor of the anaerobic fermentation product, and then adding a soluble sugar source and functional bacteria for aerobic fermentation; c. and filtering the fermented product after the aerobic fermentation again, reserving filtered clear liquid, adding chemical raw materials containing trace elements into the filtered clear liquid, stirring and dissolving the chemical raw materials, and adjusting the pH value to 5-7 by using ammonia water.
For example, the application with Chinese patent application number of 201810858473.3 and publication date of 2018, 12 and 11 discloses a new method for recycling urine wastewater, the method removes organic matters in the urine wastewater and eliminates peculiar smell through biochemical reaction of the urine wastewater in a reactor, converts half of ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, meanwhile, the pH value is reduced to weak acidity, stable ammonium nitrate compound nutrient solution is obtained, ammonium nitrate compound liquid fertilizer (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur) and high-quality reclaimed water are obtained through concentration by a membrane technology, thereby realizing the complete reclamation of urine wastewater, achieving the dual purposes of reducing the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements and recycling resources, the method of the application firstly carries out the physicochemical reaction on the urine to remove the organic matters in the urine wastewater, although the method has a good effect on removing the odor, the method influences the conversion effect of the microorganisms for utilizing nutrient substances in organic matters to generate liquid fertilizer resources.
As shown in the application with the Chinese patent application number of 201910567463.9 and the publication date of 2019, 8 and 23, an in-situ preparation method for organic liquid fertilization of urine is disclosed, which belongs to the field of urine treatment and comprises the following steps: 1) firstly, collecting urine into a regulating tank, and carrying out natural fermentation decomposition treatment on inherent microorganisms in the urine; 2) feeding the urine treated in the step 1) into an anaerobic fermentation treatment tank, adding lactobacillus QV1 and potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the anaerobic fermentation treatment tank for anaerobic fermentation, and 3) feeding the urine treated in the step 2) into a storage tank to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer. The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out natural anaerobic treatment on inherent anaerobic microorganisms existing in urine, and then adding lactobacillus QV1 and monopotassium phosphate to carry out synergistic anaerobic treatment, so that the total nutrients in the obtained liquid fertilizer are reserved more highly. Although the method of the application can utilize the lactobacillus QV1 to treat urine and prepare liquid fertilizer in situ, the lactobacillus QV1 has slow proliferation, so the fermentation process is long (more than 7 days), and the urine generation site needs fine adjustment and needs trained technicians to maintain, so the cost is high.
Based on the defects of the prior art, how to convert urine into liquid fertilizer in a short time and effectively is a difficult problem existing in the prior art, and a new in-situ organic liquid fertilizer preparation method needs to be invented urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems that the urine cannot be treated in situ, the fermentation treatment time is long, and the nutrient substances are less retained by a treatment mode in the prior art, the invention provides the method for the organic liquid fertilization of the urine.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for enriching urine in organic liquid, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) introducing urine into a urine box, keeping dissolved oxygen in the urine box not less than 0.3ppm, and adding Bacillus subtilis QS1 bacteria powder or bacteria liquid for treatment for a period of time, wherein urine is continuously introduced into the urine box during the treatment;
2) carrying out aerobic aeration treatment on the urine treated in the step 1) for a period of time, and using the urine as an organic liquid fertilizer.
The bacillus subtilis QS1 is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC); the preservation number is: CGMCC No. 17314; the classification of the strain is named as: bacillus subtilis; the address of the depository: the postcode of the microbiological research institute of Chinese academy of sciences, in the sunny region of Beijing: 100101; the preservation date is as follows: year 2019, month 3, day 08.
The preparation method of the bacillus subtilis powder in the step comprises the following steps: 1) taking a small amount of pure bacteria from the inclined plane of the preserved bacillus subtilis QS1, and inoculating the pure bacteria to a plate for activation; 2) carrying out fermentation experiments by using small-scale equipment, and carrying out shake culture for 8 hours at 37 ℃ by adopting an LB (Luria Bertani) culture medium to complete fermentation; the fermentation test of this embodiment is basically the same as the fermentation conditions of Bacillus subtilis in the prior art, and the type of culture medium and the culture conditions can be adjusted according to the test in the specific experimental process; 3) spraying and drying the fermented bacterial liquid in a spray tower, wherein the spray carrier is malt dextrin powder; 4) subpackaging the sprayed bacterium powder into a bacterium agent with the content of 1000 g/bag, wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis strain in the bacterium agent is 1.0 multiplied by 1011CFU/g。
As a further improvement of the invention, the treatment time of the step 1) is 3-6 days, and the treatment time of the step 2) is 24-36 hours.
As a further improvement of the invention, the added mass of the bacillus subtilis QS1 bacterial powder is not less than 0.05% of the mass of the urine, and the living bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis QS1 in the urine is not less than the range of 5000 ten thousand cfu/g.
As a further improvement of the invention, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or/and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are/is added into the urine after the treatment in the step 1). In the step, inorganic nutrients such as N, P, K and the like can be supplemented into the liquid fertilizer according to needs.
As a further improvement of the invention, ethanol solution with the concentration of 95% is added into the urine treated in the step 2), the addition amount of the ethanol is 1% -4% of the total amount of the urine, and the shelf life can be maintained to be more than 3 months.
As a further improvement of the invention, the adding amount of the monopotassium phosphate is 5-7% of the mass of the urine, and the adding amount of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is 5-7% of the mass of the urine.
As a further improvement of the invention, the aerobic aeration treatment in the step 2) adopts a common aeration disc or a small-sized bottom aerator for aeration.
As a further improvement of the invention, QS1 pure bacteria powder needs to be added with water before the operation of the step 1), stirred at 35-40 ℃ and then placed and activated for half an hour or more.
As a further improvement of the invention, the urine includes human urine and all animal urine.
As a further improvement, the invention provides an organic liquid fertilizer which is prepared by adopting the in-situ preparation method of urine organic liquid fertilizer.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for enriching the organic urine liquid comprises the steps of firstly, adding bacillus subtilis QS1 into urine, not directly carrying out aeration treatment, and keeping a low dissolved oxygen and natural urine inflow treatment process, wherein in the treatment process, on one hand, the inhibition capacity of the bacillus subtilis QS1 on mixed bacteria is utilized to effectively inhibit the urine from being decomposed by the mixed bacteria, and a process of generating a large amount of stink and quickly losing nutrients is generated, and in addition, the in-situ treatment is carried out in the natural urine inflow process, so that the defects of high cost and complex operation caused by uniformly collecting and treating a large amount of urine are avoided, COD is slowly decomposed mainly by the bacillus subtilis QS1 under the condition of low dissolved oxygen, part of COD and ammonia nitrogen are slowly and stably degraded in the natural urine accumulation process, and nutrients can be well reserved; the liquid fertilizer obtained in the second stage by adopting a short-time aerobic fermentation mode has higher total nutrient, and the treatment method can avoid generation of a large amount of stink and obtain higher nutrient content.
(2) The urine organic liquid fertilizing method is an in-situ fertilizer forming treatment mode, can be used for directly and simply transforming the urine box of each public toilet, so that the urine box can keep certain low dissolved oxygen, only bacillus subtilis needs to be added in the early treatment process, the aerobic aeration treatment time is short in the later period, and the treatment can be completed only in 24-36 hours.
(3) The liquid fertilizer obtained by the urine organic liquid fertilizing method is an organic liquid fertilizer, contains effective microorganisms and metabolites of the microorganisms, contains inorganic nutrient components, can enable the inorganic nutrient components to reach the standard by adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, contains organic components which are more beneficial to the growth of crops compared with the liquid fertilizer directly prepared by a reagent, has more balanced nutrient components, and is beneficial to popularization.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The organic liquid urine fertilizing method in the embodiment uses an anhydrous flushing solid-liquid separation type biological public toilet, and the treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:
A) firstly, human urine is collected into a solid-liquid separation type urine box, the height of the urine box is about 60cm, the urine can be contacted with air due to small accumulated depth of the urine, and a certain amount of dissolved oxygen (about 0.5ppm) is still in the urine box after detection;
B) adding water into pure bacillus subtilis QS1 powder, stirring at 35-40 ℃, standing for activation for half an hour or more, putting the activated powder into a solid-liquid separation type urine box, wherein the adding mass of the bacillus subtilis QS1 powder is not less than 0.05% of the mass of urine (or the QS1 bacterial liquid is not less than 0.5% of the mass of the urine), and the viable count of the bacillus subtilis QS1 in the urine is not less than the range of 5000 ten thousand cfu/g; during the period, the urine is naturally kept, and the treatment is carried out for 3-6 days; the change in concentration levels of the treated materials is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Change in concentration level of substances for Natural urinary Trautration treatment
In the treatment process, on one hand, the inhibition capacity of bacillus subtilis QS1 on infectious microbes is utilized to effectively inhibit the infectious microbes from decomposing urine to generate a large amount of stink, the treatment method can be used for carrying out in-situ treatment in the natural urine intake process, so that the defects of high cost and complex operation caused by uniform collection and treatment of a large amount of urine are avoided, COD is slowly decomposed mainly by the bacillus subtilis QS1 under the condition of low dissolved oxygen, and partial COD and ammonia nitrogen are slowly and stably degraded in the natural accumulation process of urine (although QS1 is aerobic microorganisms, the QS1 can also play a weak degradation role under the condition of low dissolved oxygen and inhibit the growth of the infectious microbes), and meanwhile, nutrients can be well reserved.
C) Carrying out aerobic aeration treatment on the urine treated in the step B) for 24-36 hours, wherein the process mainly utilizes QS1 to efficiently digest a carbon source/nitrogen source and a small amount of phosphorus source in the excrement and urine in a high-speed proliferation process, so that COD, ammonia nitrogen and a small amount of phosphorus are rapidly reduced, and meanwhile QS1 can efficiently deodorize under an aerobic condition, decompose harmful ova of mosquitoes, flies and the like, and decompose part of suspended matters. The results of monitoring after aerobic treatment are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 monitoring results after aerobic treatment
As can be seen from Table 2, the odor of the liquid manure after aerobic treatment for 36h was reduced to level 0 (no odor), the COD was reduced to a lower level, and the N, P, K contents were 0.28%, 0.32% and 0.13%, respectively. Through detection, the effective viable count, the infectious microbe rate and the faecal coliform number in the liquid fertilizer all reach the national standard, and no ascarid egg is detected, which is shown in tables 3 and 4. The treated urine is guided into the liquid fertilizer storage tank and can be directly used as liquid fertilizer. The results of the specific test report for aerobic treatment in 12 hours are shown in table 3, and the results of the specific test report for aerobic treatment in 24 hours are shown in table 4.
TABLE 3 aerobic treatment 12h test results
TABLE 4 results of 36h aerobic treatment
In order to maintain a long preservation time, ethanol with the mass concentration of 95% is added into the liquid fertilizer, the addition amount of the ethanol is 1-2% of the total amount of the liquid fertilizer, and the quality guarantee period can be maintained to be more than 3 months.
Example 2
The organic liquid urine fertilizing method in the embodiment adopts a water-flushed solid-liquid separation type biological public toilet, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A) firstly, human urine is collected into a solid-liquid separation type urine box, the height of the urine box is about 60cm, the urine can be contacted with air due to small accumulated depth of the urine, and a certain amount of dissolved oxygen (about 0.3ppm) still exists in the urine box through detection;
B) adding water into pure bacillus subtilis QS1 powder, stirring at 35-40 ℃, standing for activation for half an hour or more, putting the activated powder into a solid-liquid separation type urine box, wherein the adding mass of the bacillus subtilis QS1 powder is not less than 0.05% of the mass of urine (or the QS1 bacterial liquid is not less than 0.5% of the mass of the urine), and the viable count of the bacillus subtilis QS1 in the urine is not less than the range of 5000 ten thousand cfu/g; keeping the urine naturally entering, and treating for 3-6 days; the change in concentration level of each substance after the treatment is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 results of the spontaneous urination treatment
C) Carrying out aerobic aeration treatment on the urine treated in the step B) for 24-36 hours, wherein the monitoring results after the aerobic treatment are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 monitoring results after aerobic treatment
As can be seen from Table 6, the odor was reduced to class 0 (no odor) after aerobic treatment for 36 hours, and the COD was reduced to a lower level, with N, P, K contents of 0.10%, 0.12% and 0.10%, respectively. According to detection, the liquid fertilizer has the bacteria rate of less than 15%, the faecal coliform group number of less than 100/ml and no ascarid egg detected, the treated urine is led into a liquid fertilizer storage tank and can be directly used as the liquid fertilizer, in order to maintain longer preservation time, ethanol with the mass concentration of 95% is added into the liquid fertilizer, the adding amount of the ethanol is 1-2% of the total amount of the liquid fertilizer, and the quality guarantee period can be maintained to be more than 3 months.
Example 3
The organic liquid urine fertilizing method in the embodiment adopts a water-flushing-free solid-liquid separation type biological public toilet, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A) firstly, human urine is collected into a solid-liquid separation type urine box, the height of the urine box is about 60cm, the urine can be contacted with air due to small accumulated depth of the urine, and a certain amount of dissolved oxygen (about 0.7ppm) is still in the urine box after detection;
B) adding water into pure bacillus subtilis QS1 powder, stirring at 35-40 ℃, standing for activation for half an hour or more, putting the activated powder into a solid-liquid separation type urine box, wherein the adding mass of the bacillus subtilis QS1 powder is not less than 0.05% of the mass of urine (or the QS1 bacterial liquid is not less than 0.5% of the mass of the urine), and the viable count of the bacillus subtilis QS1 in the urine is not less than the range of 5000 ten thousand cfu/g; keeping the urine naturally entering, setting 4 treatment groups, adding 5% of monopotassium phosphate (Y + 5% KP) into the treatment group 1, adding 7% of monopotassium phosphate (Y + 7% KP) into the treatment group 2, adding 5% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (Y + 5% NH) into the treatment group 1, adding 7% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (Y + 7% NH) into the treatment group 2, and respectively taking liquid fertilizers treated for 1 day, 4 days, 2 weeks and 3 weeks according to the above formula to perform aerobic treatment;
C) and carrying out aerobic aeration treatment on the liquid fertilizer obtained by each treatment group for 24-36 hours to obtain the following liquid fertilizer monitoring results: the monitoring results of treatment group 1 are shown in table 7, the monitoring results of treatment group 2 are shown in table 8, the monitoring results of treatment group 3 are shown in table 9, and the monitoring results of treatment group 4 are shown in table 10.
Table 7 monitoring results of treatment group 1
Table 8 results of monitoring of treatment group 2
TABLE 9 results of monitoring of treatment group 3
TABLE 10 results of monitoring of treatment group 4
According to the results, the liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention can make N, P, K in the liquid fertilizer and total nutrients reach the national standard by adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate before aerobic aeration, and can be directly used as the liquid fertilizer. Compared with the traditional fertilizer with chemical reagents added to meet the nutrient standard, the liquid fertilizer prepared by the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the biological metabolites and effective viable bacteria beneficial to crops are provided, the nutrient components are more balanced, and the popularization is facilitated.
Claims (10)
1. A method for enriching organic urine liquid is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) introducing urine into a urine box, keeping dissolved oxygen in the urine box not less than 0.3ppm, adding bacillus subtilis QS1 bacteria powder or bacteria liquid for treatment for a period of time, and continuously introducing urine into the urine box during the treatment period; the bacillus subtilis QS1 is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms with the preservation number as follows: CGMCC No. 17314;
2) carrying out aerobic aeration treatment on the urine treated in the step 1) for a period of time, and using the urine as an organic liquid fertilizer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic liquid urine fertilization comprises: the treatment time of the step 1) is 3-6 days, and the treatment time of the step 2) is 24-36 hours.
3. The method of organic liquid fertilizing of urine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the adding mass of the bacillus subtilis QS1 bacterial powder is not less than 0.05% of the mass of the urine, and the living bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis QS1 in the urine is not less than the range of 5000 ten thousand cfu/g.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic liquid urine fertilization comprises: adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate or/and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate into the urine after the treatment in the step 1).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic liquid urine fertilization comprises: adding 95% ethanol solution into the urine treated in the step 2), wherein the addition amount of the ethanol is 1% -4% of the total amount of the urine.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the urine organic liquid is a liquid comprising: the adding amount of the monopotassium phosphate is 5-7% of the mass of the urine, and the adding amount of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is 5-7% of the mass of the urine.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the urine organic liquid is a liquid fertilizer comprising: the aerobic aeration treatment in the step 2) adopts a common aeration disc or a small-sized bottom aerator for aeration.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the urine organic liquid is a liquid fertilizer comprising: adding water into QS1 pure bacteria powder before the operation of the step 1), stirring at 35-40 ℃, and standing for activation for half an hour or more.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the organic liquid urine fattening comprises: the urine includes human urine and all animal urine.
10. An organic liquid fertilizer is characterized in that: the organic liquid fertilizer is prepared by the method for enriching the urine according to the claims 1-9.
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| CN115611689A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-17 | 鄂尔多斯市蒙康元生物科技研究有限公司 | Organic liquid fertilizer for cow urine and preparation method and application thereof |
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