CN104150992A - Method and device for achieving organic wastewater liquid composting by virtue of humic microbes - Google Patents
Method and device for achieving organic wastewater liquid composting by virtue of humic microbes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150992A CN104150992A CN201410329644.5A CN201410329644A CN104150992A CN 104150992 A CN104150992 A CN 104150992A CN 201410329644 A CN201410329644 A CN 201410329644A CN 104150992 A CN104150992 A CN 104150992A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to environment microbe techniques and fields of organic waste gases and organic wastewater reclamation, and in particular relates to a method for achieving organic wastewater liquid composting based on a humic microbe culture device. The method comprises the following steps: enriching and culturing humic microbes by using the microbe culture device, supplying a culture liquid which is rich in the humic microbes to a fermentation tank, and constructing a microbial community structure which can prompt smooth progress of organic sewage liquid composting inside the fermentation tank. By adopting the method, a sewage reclamation solving scheme with low cost and high additional values is provided for pollution discharge companies, an ecologic circulation production structure which emphasizes on organic sewage reclamation and application of reclamation products is formed, the pollution control investment is reduced, the environment is improved, and the benefits are improved.
Description
technical field
The invention belongs to environmental microorganism technology and organic exhaust gas thing and organic wastewater resources regeneration field, be specifically related to a kind of microbial augmentation effect based on humify microbial cultivation device, realize the method for organic waste water liquid-type reactor extensive use of chemical fertilizer.
Background technology
Economic development and people's standard of living improves has brought a large amount of material requisite, for meeting ever-increasing demand, the scales such as large-scale plant, slaughterhouse, meat product source mill, food factory, catering trade increase rapidly, cause organic sewage quantity discharged to increase year by year.The huge population base of China and huge demand cause the disposal of pollutants producing to occupy first place in the world.
Particularly these organic sewages, if do not dealt carefully with any discharge, can produce stench and grow various germs, and serious destruction physical environment is detrimental to health; As directly entered urban wastewater treatment firm, increase the weight of the load of municipal sewage treatment, affect system stability, wayward qualified discharge.Country puts into effect every rules and regulations for this reason, and the blowdown behavior of constraint blowdown enterprise, requires enterprise to deal carefully with organic waste water.The various equipment for organic sewage processing and technology occur in a large number thus, main embodiment for adopting physical partition method solid-liquid separation, solid-state castoff to carry out compost or biogas fermentation, organic waste water is processed the basic skills such as qualified discharge by biological treatment.Wherein physical partition method mainly contains the techniques such as precipitation, air supporting; Biological treatment is as techniques such as traditional activated sludge process and derivative oxidation ditch thereof, AB method, SBR methods, and aforesaid method is because its power consumption is high, investment large, complex management often can not extensively be promoted the use of, and is not desirable problem settling mode.Biogas engineering be breeding wastewater anaerobic treatment produce biogas as clean energy for a kind of processing mode of biological flue gas is around provided, although the energy recovery part energy, but the natural pond liquid producing in technological process and natural pond slag can not be gone back rapidly field as high-concentration waste gurry major part and be utilized, and will face the predicament that cannot dispose.Therefore, if site condition allows, a lot of breeding enterprises adopt the mode of the natural oxidation pond that use cost is cheaper, make sewage natural degraded reach irrigation water standard direct returning to farmland.But this mode produces a large amount of odor pollution surrounding enviroment, and there is the problem of oozing polluted underground water under sewage.The masses that cause due to the improper generation problem of environmental pollution of offal treatment complain to the higher authorities about an injustice and request fair settlement the also increase year by year of complaint event, and therefore the handling problems of organic waste water has become a great bottleneck that limits these blowdown enterprise developments.
On the other hand, modern plantation aquaculture is produced in order to ensure, uses in a large number the agricultural chemicals veterinary drug of chemical fertilizer, not anxious pollution and the degenerative of Agricultural land and natural water accelerated, also produced that agricultural-food agriculture is residual to exceed standard, the livestock and poultry product microbiotic food-safety problem such as exceed standard.And the breeding way generally adopting at present, due to the improper use of antibiotic etc, has more affected the treating processes of follow-up organic pollutant, the problem such as unsuccessful in the compost fermentation that microbiotic excess residual causes, Sewage treatment systems is unstable.Between the processing of producing and discharge, form vicious cycle.
Organic pollutant itself has comprised a large amount of organic matters, is actually valuable " resource ", therefore should be from treasuring resource, improving resource utilization, turn waste into wealth, recycle considers that current solution has decided road.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned practical problems, the invention provides one and act as core technology with humify microbial cultivation device enhancement microbiological, the reaction unit of establishing mineral filler in cooperation is realized the method for liquid-type reactor extensive use of chemical fertilizer resource utilization to organic waste water.Liquid state fermentation liquid product after conversion is rich in a large amount of biologically active substances, can promote vegeto-animal growth, can be applicable to agricultural planting cultivation field, promotes productivity to improve.In the present invention, to realize liquid compost be that humify microbe colony structure by building in system realizes to organic waste water, therefore the technology that builds humify microflora in this invention is called HMC (Humic Microbial community Construction) technology by we, by the liquid compost product called after HMC fermented liquid generating by HMC technology.
Core technology of the present invention is by microbial cultivation device enrichment culture humify microorganism, supply with the nutrient solution that is rich in humify microorganism to fermentation vat, in fermentation vat, build and can promote the biological community structure that organic sewage liquid compost carries out smoothly.
The device of realizing organic waste water liquid compost method involved in the present invention comprises that equalizing tank, one grade fermemtation pond, humify microbial cultivation device, second order fermentation pond, aerobic fermentation tank, equipment for separating liquid from solid, solid substance form through dewatering unit.Equalizing tank, one grade fermemtation pond, second order fermentation pond, aerobic fermentation tank, equipment for separating liquid from solid connect with pipeline in turn, and the solid substance that equipment for separating liquid from solid produces is sent to solid substance dewatering unit by slush pump.Humify microbial cultivation device is carried microbial culture medium to one grade fermemtation pond by pipeline.Equalizing tank is connected with humify microbial cultivation device through pipeline by lift pump, and aerobic fermentation tank is connected with one grade fermemtation pond by reflux pump pipeline.
The useful volume ratio of equalizing tank, one grade fermemtation pond, humify microbial cultivation device, second order fermentation pond and aerobic fermentation tank is 50:100:1:150:200, the bottom of one grade fermemtation pond, humify microbial cultivation device, second order fermentation pond and aerobic fermentation tank is all provided with aerating apparatus, carries air by gas blower blower fan; The liquid level of equalizing tank, one grade fermemtation pond, second order fermentation pond and aerobic fermentation tank is consistent; One or more oar formula whipping apptss are set in equalizing tank; Aerating apparatus is flat micro porous aeration head; Equipment for separating liquid from solid is the one of air-flotation type equipment for separating liquid from solid, gravity sedimentation type settler or filtering type equipment for separating liquid from solid; Solid substance is the one in board-like filter-pressing device, centrifugal dehumidifier or screw squeezing dehydration device through dewatering unit; In one grade fermemtation pond and second order fermentation pond, be equipped with mineral filler.
Mineral filler profile is column, diameter is 20 ~ 25cm, length is about 80% of two fermentation vat significant depths, in the hollow circular cylinder of being made up of stainless (steel) wire, filled natural mineral form, comprise Muscovitum 10-20%, quartz sand 30-50%, pumice 30-40%, medical stone 10-20%, all ores are all processed into the fragment of 3-5cm size, evenly mix; Filler density of setting is 2-4/m
2, filler spacing is not less than 25cm, and ore filler is porous quality.
Humify microbial cultivation device involved in the present invention is made up of culture tank, microbe generator, aerating apparatus, temperature control unit, release valve; Culture tank is the cylindrical tank that stainless steel is made, top uncovered, and it is conical that lower end is, and conical tip arranges release valve; Culture tank volume surrounding arranges temperature control unit, and aerating apparatus fills air in tank; Microbe generator is arranged in culture tank by the fixed form such as rope or support.Microbe generator is made up of urceolus and the inner core of stainless steel, urceolus and inner core are cylindrical, inner tube wall has the circular hole that several diameters are 8mm, and circular hole fraction of coverage accounts for the 25%-30% of barrel surface-area, and inner diameter of steel flue is 1/3 of urceolus diameter, and inner core height is 1/2 of urceolus height, and inner core is vertically placed in urceolus, is positioned at urceolus central interior, the barrel of urceolus has the circular hole that several diameters are 1mm, and circular hole fraction of coverage accounts for the 25%-30% of barrel surface-area, filling mineral layer between urceolus and inner core, comprises Muscovitum 10-20%, grouan 30-50%, pumice 30-40%, medical stone 10-20%, and all ores are all processed into the fragment of 1.5-3cm size, evenly mixes, in inner core, fill humify microbial source, humify microbial source is the obsidian fragment that the diameter of diameter that in active vegetable mould, mixed volume the is 5% pumice fragment that is 1-1.5cm and 1% is 1-1.5cm, get the vegetable mould forming without artificially-contaminated new growth, after large matter is removed in screening, be crushed to state that particle diameter is less than 1cm as vegetable mould raw material, get vegetable mould raw material, brown sugar, starch, rice husk, bone meal, after the ratio of 40-60:1-1.5:5-8:15-25:3-5 is mixed in mass ratio, adjustment water ratio is 55%-60%, in encloses container, keep 30-35 DEG C to take out after stack retting 25-35 days, at 50 DEG C, dry to water ratio be below 15%, obtain active vegetable mould, culture tank tank diameter is 3-5 times of microbe generator, and significant depth is 3-5 times of microbe generator height.
The method of organic waste water liquid compost: organic waste water enters equalizing tank through collection to carry out the pH regulator of water quality and homogenizes; Organic waste water after adjusting enters one grade fermemtation pond successively, and supplies with humify microorganism by humify microbial cultivation device; The fermented liquid in one grade fermemtation pond enters the fermentation of second order fermentation pond again; The fermented liquid in second order fermentation pond enters aerobic fermentation tank again and carries out slaking; Fermented liquid after slaking enters equipment for separating liquid from solid and carries out solid-liquid separation; Liquid after solid-liquid separation is applied as liquid compost product-HMC fermented liquid; Solid substance after solid-liquid separation, after dewatering unit dehydration, regulates moisture to use as fertilizer.
Concrete implementation step is as follows
Sewage for liquid compost is liquid state or solid-liquid mixing, and in the time being solid-liquid mixing, the solid in organic sewage should be the state after fragmentation, and its solid particle size should be less than 5mm, and in sewage, total solids level is no more than 3%.
(1) organic sewage pumps into equalizing tank after collecting, if contain the solid-state organism of bulk in sewage, after needing to be fully crushed to the state that particle diameter is less than 5mm, sneak in sewage, in equalizing tank, utilize sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid that sewage pH is adjusted between 6.5-8.0, sewage and solid substance are fully mixed and keep suspended state by oar formula whipping appts.
(2) sewage enters one grade fermemtation pond by gravity, and sewage is joined in humify microbial cultivation device, as five-day BOD <600mg/L in the former water of organic sewage, when total nitrogen <150mg/L, need additional nutritive medium in humify microbial cultivation device; The production method of additional nutritive medium is, in the water of unit volume, add fresh peat leach liquor 15%-20%, brown sugar 2.5-3%, urea 0.5-1%, Zulkovsky starch 2-3%, ferrous sulfate (seven water) 0.05-0.1%, saltpetre 0.05-0.1%, potassiumphosphate 0.05-0.1%, wherein the making method of fresh peat leach liquor is, by the sodium hydroxide solution mix and blend 30min of 1 part of fresh vegetable mould and 3-5 part 0.8-0.1mol/L, obtain after filtration clear liquor, then with between hydrochloric acid modulation PH6.0-7.0.Capable of regulating respectively adds the ratio of nutritive ingredient according to the actual needs.Microorganism in this device in microbe generator is activated, remain under the condition that 25-35 DEG C, dissolved oxygen remain on 2.5-3.5mg/L and cultivate after 48-72 hour in temperature, in culture tank, 90% of liquid is directed into behind one grade fermemtation pond by release valve as inoculation liquid, then supplements new sewage or nutritive medium and again repeat a culture cycle to culture tank.
(3) microorganism that provides to one grade fermemtation pond of humify microbial cultivation device sequence batch (is trained nutrient solution, one grade fermemtation pond intermittently obtains after microbial culture medium that humify microbial cultivation device provides, sewage is at hydraulic detention time 5-7d, dissolved oxygen concentration remains on 2.5-3.5mg/L, water temperature is more than 20 DEG C, and optimum temperature range is the condition bottom fermentation of 28-30 DEG C.
(4), according to previous step hydraulic detention time, the fermented liquid that carries suspended solids and a large amount of microorganisms of one of number of days in 24h one grade fermemtation pond enters second order fermentation pond by gravity.The hydraulic detention time of sewage in second order fermentation pond is 7-9d, and dissolved oxygen concentration remains on the level of 2.5-3.5mg/L.
(5) according to previous step hydraulic detention time, the fermented liquid of one of number of days in 24h second order fermentation pond flows into aerobic fermentation tank by gravity, in aerobic fermentation tank, hydraulic detention time is 9-11d, dissolved oxygen concentration remains on the level of 1.5-2mg/L, after slaking with the fermented liquid of the ratio backflow part maturation stage of the each flooding quantity 1% in one grade fermemtation pond, in order to promote the humify microbial growth in one grade fermemtation pond.
(6) aerobic fermentation tank is connected with pipeline with equipment for separating liquid from solid, can add according to actual needs lift pump, from aerobic fermentation tank, discharge part fermentation mixed solution to equipment for separating liquid from solid according to system hydraulic detention time every 24h and carry out solid-liquid separation, the residence time of fermentation mixed solution in equipment for separating liquid from solid is 30min, solids after separation is through the dehydration of solid substance dewatering unit, and the liquid after liquid and the solid-liquid separation squeezing out merges and proceeds to storage vessel as HMC fermented liquid.According to hydraulic detention time, the step compost product that discharges, time-out interval is 24h.
(7) HMC fermented liquid is according to sewage source difference, the proterties finally presenting be beer look to Vandyke brown liquid, CODcr is 100-500mg/L, BOD5<5mg/L, total nitrogen is 50-200 mg/L, xanthohumic acid content 30-120mg/L, pH 6.0-8.0.HMC fermented liquid is rich in humify microbial growth initial stage needed microbial secondary meta-bolites class material, when therefore a humify microbial cultivation device batch microorganism culturing starts, can add 1% HMC fermented liquid.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following obvious advantage:
1, utilize artificial-strengthening means in system, to build humify biological community structure, realize the liquid compost technique of organic sewage.This technique wide accommodation, be applicable to the sewage of all kinds of toxicological harmless microbiological materials of middle and high concentration, there is but do not comprise the organic waste water that strong Ecotoxicology or saltiness are greater than 10%, strong to difficult decomposing organic matter degradation capability, liquid compost product property is stable, is convenient to storage and transport.
2, in liquid compost process, do not produce traditional waste water treatment process and say the stench producing, environment is had no adverse effects.
3, the humify microbial cultivation device of particular design is not only for liquid compost provides microbe-derived, also provide and be of value in a large number the necessary microbial metabolites of humify microbial growth, these microbial metabolites are the key substance that build humify microflora in one grade fermemtation pond, promote humify microorganism to occupy superiority, guaranteed the carrying out of the smooth startup of liquid compost.
4, the mineral filler of special proportioning is set in fermentation vat, for humify microbial growth, metabolism, synthetic provide must and suitable silicate material and trace mineral element, promote the synthetic of organic degraded and secondary metabolite, made final liquid compost product there is higher bioactive substance content.
5, aerobic fermentation tank is to the backflow design in one grade fermemtation pond, strengthen the propagation of the humify microorganism in one grade fermemtation pond, stability with humify biological community structure, thereby further promote the carrying out of liquid compost, antagonism and killing action to pathogenic micro-organism are strengthened, shorten system hydraulic detention time, improved the stability of composting production.
6, liquid compost product-HMC fermented liquid that the inventive method produces, state is that beer look is to Vandyke brown liquid, basic index is CODcr 100-500mg/L, BOD5<5mg/L, total nitrogen 50-200 mg/L, xanthohumic acid content 30-120mg/L, pH 6.0-8.0, be rich in microbial metabolites, a large amount of enzyme, amino acid, nucleic acid and class humic acid, fulvic acid isoreactivity composition and abundant mineral substance, and exist mainly with chelating state form, stable in properties, can store for a long time.After HMC fermented liquid generates, without sterilization, do not comprise any pathogenic bacteria, nitrous acid nitrogen content is below 0.02mg/.
7, HMC fermented liquid is applied to agriculture conduct has mechanical irrigation fertilising, foliage fertilizer to use, and has the effect that improves soil, inhibition Common Diseases, promotion seed germination and growth, enhancing photosynthesis of plant, enhancing stress resistance of plant, raising fruit inclusion content and overall productivity, enhancing mouthfeel, extends agricultural-food preservation period.After dilution, can improve drug effect, significantly reduce agricultural chemicals usage quantity, promote degradation of pesticide with combined use of pesticides.
8, HMC fermented liquid is applied to livestock and poultry cultivation, and so-called fodder additives and drinking water additive life-time service can improve immunity of livestock, reduce veterinary drug use; Improve gastrointestinal tract of livestock and fowls function, improve feed return rate; Improve animal meat quality, improve the quality, the raising milk production of cow that produce poultry egg rate and egg; Promote that animal oestruses, improves conceptual quotient and produces sub-rate.
9, the microbial secondary meta-bolites being rich in HMC fermented liquid, can promote beneficial microorganism propagation in environment, after directly spraying or dilute with HMC fermented liquid, be sprayed on breeding pen in livestock and poultry cultivation process, can optimize the microbial ecological structure in colony house environment, eliminate the breeding of the harmful insects such as peculiar smell, inhibition mosquitos and flies in breeding process, prevention animal breath tract disease.
9, after liquid compost, the solid fertilizer of sub-department is in stable condition, the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is high, be rich in beneficial microorganism, do not contain pathogenic micro-organism, can directly use soil according to practical situation, also can regulate the laggard windrow of moisture to macerate further slaking, use as fertilizer.Can activating soil microorganism, promote fertilizer utilization, improvement soil, control is hardened.
10, organic sewage liquid compost method, for blowdown enterprise provides the sewage recycling solution of a low cost, high added value, can form the ecological circulation production structure that is applied as core with organic sewage resource utilization and resource product and turn.When reducing pollution treatment input, improve environment, improve income.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Example 1
As shown in Figure 1, the device of the system of organic waste water liquid compost comprises equalizing tank 1, one grade fermemtation pond 2, humify microbial cultivation device 3, second order fermentation pond 4, aerobic fermentation tank 5, equipment for separating liquid from solid 6 and solid substance dewatering unit 7; Equalizing tank 1, one grade fermemtation pond 2, second order fermentation pond 4, aerobic fermentation tank 5 and equipment for separating liquid from solid 6 are connected with pipeline in turn, and the solid substance that equipment for separating liquid from solid 6 produces is sent to solid substance dewatering unit 7 by slush pump.Humify microbial cultivation device 3 is carried microbial culture medium by pipeline to one grade fermemtation pond 2.Equalizing tank 1 is connected with humify microbial cultivation device 3 through pipeline by lift pump, and aerobic fermentation tank 5 is connected with one grade fermemtation pond 2 by reflux pump pipeline.
The useful volume ratio of equalizing tank 1, one grade fermemtation pond 2, humify microbial cultivation device 3, second order fermentation pond 4 and aerobic fermentation tank 5 is 50:100:1:150:200, the bottom of one grade fermemtation pond 2, humify microbial cultivation device 3, second order fermentation pond 4 and aerobic fermentation tank 5 arranges aerating apparatus 9, carries air by gas blower blower fan; Liquid level in equalizing tank 1, one grade fermemtation pond 2, second order fermentation pond 4 and aerobic fermentation tank 5 is consistent; Equalizing tank 1 is interior arranges one or more oar formula whipping apptss 8; Aerating apparatus 9 is flat micro porous aeration head; Equipment for separating liquid from solid 6 is the one of air-flotation type equipment for separating liquid from solid, gravity sedimentation type settler or filtering type equipment for separating liquid from solid; Solid substance is the one in board-like filter-pressing device, centrifugal dehumidifier or screw squeezing dehydration device through dewatering unit 7.
In one grade fermemtation pond 2 and second order fermentation pond 4, be equipped with mineral filler 10; The profile of mineral filler 10 is column, diameter is 20 ~ 25cm, length is about 80% of two fermentation vat significant depths, in the hollow circular cylinder of being made up of stainless (steel) wire, filled natural mineral form, comprise Muscovitum 10-20%, quartz sand 30-50%, pumice 30-40%, medical stone 10-20%, all ores are all processed into the fragment of 3-5cm size, evenly mix; Filler density of setting is 2-4/m
2, filler spacing is not less than 25cm, and ore filler is porous quality, can provide a large amount of enrichments for microorganism of enough surface-area, simultaneously for microorganism provides necessary mineral substance.
As shown in Figure 2, humify microbial cultivation device 3 is made up of culture tank 11, microbe generator 12, aerating apparatus 9, temperature control unit 13 and release valve 14, the cylindrical tank that culture tank 11 is made for stainless steel, top uncovered, it is conical that lower end is, and conical tip arranges release valve 14, culture tank 11 skins arrange temperature control unit 13, to ensure to cultivate temperature in culture tank, aerating apparatus 9 fills air in tank, ensures the required dissolved oxygen of microorganism growth, microbe generator 12 is arranged in culture tank 11 by the fixed form such as rope or support, microbe generator 12 is made up of urceolus 15 and the inner core 16 of stainless steel, urceolus 15 and inner core 16 are cylindrical, inner tube wall has the circular hole that several diameters are 8mm, circular hole fraction of coverage accounts for the 25%-30% of barrel surface-area, and inner core 16 diameters are 1/3 of urceolus 15 diameters, and inner core 16 is highly 1/2 of urceolus 15 height, inner core 16 is vertically placed in urceolus 15, is positioned at urceolus 15 central interior, the barrel of urceolus 15 has the circular hole that several diameters are 1mm, and circular hole fraction of coverage accounts for the 25%-30% of barrel surface-area, filling mineral layer between urceolus 15 and inner core 16, comprises Muscovitum 10-20%, grouan 30-50%, pumice 30-40%, medical stone 10-20%, and all ores are all processed into the fragment of 1.5-3cm size, evenly mixes, in inner core 16, fill humify microbial source, humify microbial source is through the natural vegetable mould of special processing and the mixture of mineral, specific form is the obsidian fragment that the diameter of diameter that in active vegetable mould, mixed volume the is 5% pumice fragment that is 1-1.5cm and 1% is 1-1.5cm, get the vegetable mould forming without artificially-contaminated new growth, after large matter is removed in screening, be crushed to state that particle diameter is less than 1cm as vegetable mould raw material, get vegetable mould raw material, brown sugar, starch, rice husk, bone meal, after the ratio of 40-60:1-1.5:5-8:15-25:3-5 is mixed in mass ratio, adjustment water ratio is 55%-60%, in encloses container, keep 30-35 DEG C to take out after stack retting 25-35 days, at 50 DEG C, dry to water ratio be below 15%, obtain active vegetable mould, culture tank 11 tank diameters are 3-5 times of microbe generator 12, and significant depth is 3-5 times of microbe generator 12 height.
The microorganism that microbe generator 12 produces is humify microorganism, this class is to realize the microbial population of the most critical in material cycle process on the earth, comprise several in actinomycetes, yeast, milk-acid bacteria, denitrifying bacterium, nitrobacteria, oxidation bacterium, light and bacterium, Ammonifying bacteria, Pseudomonas, genus bacillus, bacillus brevis, bacillus megaterium, fungi, archeobacteria, comprise in addition great majority not certified unknown bacterial classification also at present, containing pathogenic bacteria and harmful bacteria.Its key character is: these microorganisms, in specific habitat range, when population quantity and microbe density acquire a certain degree, can form one and be divided into boundary, the biological community structure of relative closure with population.In this biological community structure, between each population, mutually provide and utilize meta-bolites formation alternate separately, the relation of symbiosis.Organism, under the effect of these microorganisms, finally changes into humus.Humify microorganism ensures self relative closure of structure of community and the means of stability, is to utilize self meta-bolites, and corrupt bacterioid, pathogenic bacteria etc. are unfavorable for to the microorganism that humify is carried out carries out antagonism, elimination.The stability of the structure of community that humify microorganism forms is relative, under different nutritional conditions, environmental factors, can develop.Another key character is: these microorganisms can be according to colony's need to dissolving and utilize the mineral of silicate denier element of vigor that sustain life in vital movement, and makes the silicate that is dissolved in the water and mineral concentration in a suitable level that is conducive to self growth.
Certain animal husbandry Science and Technology Ltd. business is butchered processing for kind of a chicken cultivation, layer breeding and broiler chicken, and broiler chicken slaughterhouse waste water is carried out liquid compost processing and is applied to kind of a chicken cultivation, layer breeding process by processing the HMC fermented liquid generating.Raw water quality: solubility CODcr 1500-3000mg/L, BOD5 600-1200 mg/L, total nitrogen 200-600 mg/L, pH9-10, SS 1000-2000 mg/L, contains a large amount of blood stains in former water.
According to the flow process of Fig. 3, the implementation step of sewage liquid compost is:
Organic sewage pumps into equalizing tank 1 after collecting, and utilizes hydrogen salt acid that sewage pH is adjusted between 6.5-8.0 in equalizing tank, makes sewage keep homogeneous state by oar formula whipping appts 8.
Sewage in part equalizing tank 1 enters in humify microbial cultivation device 3 through lift pump, microorganism in microbe generator 12 is activated, under temperature 25-35 DEG C, the condition of dissolved oxygen 2.5-3.5mg/L, cultivate after 48-72 hour, in culture tank 11,90% of liquid is directed into one grade fermemtation pond 2 by release valve 14.In this course, microorganism in microbe generator 12 is activated, various humify microorganisms are progressively activation under suitable nutritional condition and aerobic conditions, first a part can utilize the microorganism of organism growth in sewage to be activated, and discharge a large amount of enzymes and utilize for it in order to decompose organic substrates, and produce one-level meta-bolites, this raw meta-bolites of a synthetic part simultaneously, rear portion is to utilize the collaborative symbiosis quasi-microorganism that other microbial metabolites and hydrolysis of organic matter product are made a living to be activated afterwards, in growing multiplication, produce one-level meta-bolites and secondary metabolite, owing to containing a large amount of pathogenic bacterias and putrefactive bacterium in sewage, all kinds of humify microorganisms are to maintain the superiority of population separately to produce a large amount of antagonistic substances to eliminate harmful animal microorganism, therefore in the microbial culture medium that humify microbial cultivation device produces, not only comprise a large amount of humify microorganisms, also comprise a large amount of enzymes, as proteolytic ferment, fat hydrolase, polysaccharide hydrolase, cellulolytic enzyme etc., comprise in addition in a large number this raw meta-bolites of one-level meta-bolites etc. that can produce to pathogenic bacteria and unwanted bacteria antagonistic action.
Sewage in equalizing tank 1 enters one grade fermemtation pond 2 by pipeline by gravity, humify microbial cultivation device 3 is step carries microbial culture medium to carry out aerobic fermentation to one grade fermemtation pond 2, hydraulic detention time 5-7d, dissolved oxygen concentration remains on the level of 2.5-3.5mg/L, and water temperature is 25-30 DEG C.The macromole organic composition that a large amount of enzymes that comprise in microbial culture medium and active substance can be hydrolyzed in sewage is small molecules composition, and for humify microorganism provides propagation required nutrition substrate, the total amount of humify microorganism further increases.And the harmful microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria in sewage also produce propagation under the existence of nutraceutical matrix and oxygen, humify microorganism is a large amount of antagonistic substances of antagonism harmful animal Microbiological release, to ensure the stable and population advantage of self structure of community.Mineral filler 10 is humify microbial growth and enzyme syntheticly provides necessary silicate and micro element mineral, and the vesicular structure of filler is for microorganism provides the place of perching, and has ensured the microorganism enrichment amount in fermentation vat.Under the effect of a large amount of microorganisms, sewage organic content in one grade fermemtation pond reduces 50%-70%, in solid suspension, is degraded or transfers soluble state to biodegradable part.Sewage in one grade fermemtation pond 2 is under the effect of a large amount of microorganisms, and solubility and solid-state organic content reduce, and in solid suspension, the part of readily biodegradable is degraded or transfers soluble state to.Dissolved organic matter reduces 50%-70%, and insoluble organic solid content reduces 40%-50%.
According to hydraulic detention time, a part of fermented liquid in 24h one grade fermemtation pond 2 enters second order fermentation pond 4, and the hydraulic detention time in second order fermentation pond 4 is 7-9d, and dissolved oxygen concentration remains on the level of 2.5-3.5mg/L.In second order fermentation pond 4, the nutritive substance that can be utilized by microorganism significantly reduces, can utilize hardly degraded organic substance and utilize one-level meta-bolites and the microorganism of secondary metabolite growth is dominant population in this pond, the harmful bacteria quantity such as pathogenic bacteria sharply reduce.In ferment liquid, contain a large amount of biological enzymes and microbial metabolites.In pond, organic content is further reduced to below 10% of influent density, and solid-state suspended organic matter is further degraded and humify.
A part of fermented liquid according to hydraulic detention time in 24h second order fermentation pond 4 enters by gravity to flow into aerobic fermentation tank 5, and the hydraulic detention time in aerobic fermentation tank 5 is 9-11d, and dissolved oxygen concentration remains on the level of 1.5-2mg/L.Enter after maturation stage, the harmful microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria do not exist, residual organism is further degraded under the effect of microorganism and enzyme, and microorganism totally progressively transfers endogenous respiration to, and biochemical reaction changes to condensation, polyreaction from hydrolysis, DeR.Major embodiment is the synthetic secondary metabolite of microorganism, forms the humify materials such as class humic acid, fulvic acid, humic acid, and the mineral substance in the water in water and microbial metabolites and enzyme, under the sequestering action of humic acid, are combined into stable complex compound simultaneously; Remaining solid-state organism transforms to soil ulmin.Because the fermented liquid activity substance content in aerobic fermentation tank is high, and its secondary metabolite being rich in can promote humify microbial growth.
The secondary metabolite that fermented liquid work in aerobic fermentation tank 5 is rich in can promote humify microbial growth, the flooding quantity each according to one grade fermemtation pond 2, fermented liquid by return line with the ratio backflow part maturation stage of volume ratio 1%, in order to promote the humify microbial growth in one grade fermemtation pond 2.
Aerobic fermentation tank 5 is connected with lift pump with air-flotation type equipment for separating liquid from solid 6, according to system hydraulic detention time, from aerobic fermentation tank 5, pump part fermentation mixed solution to air-flotation type equipment for separating liquid from solid 6 every 24h and carry out solid-liquid separation, the residence time of fermented liquid in equipment for separating liquid from solid is 30min, solids after separation is delivered to solid substance through sludge pump dewaters through dewatering unit 7, and the liquid after liquid and the solid-liquid separation squeezing out merges and proceeds to storage vessel as HMC fermented liquid.According to hydraulic detention time, the step compost product that discharges, time-out interval is 24h.
When humify microbial cultivation device 3 starts to carry out microorganism culturing at every turn, the HMC fermented liquid of interpolation 1% is in order to the propagation of enhancement microbiological.
The proterties that HMC fermented liquid presents is tawny liquid, CODcr is 300-350mg/L, BOD5<5mg/L, total nitrogen is 70-90 mg/L, xanthohumic acid content 50-70mg/L, pH 7.0-7.5, do not comprise any pathogenic bacteria, nitrous acid nitrogen content, below 0.02mg/, is rich in humify microbial metabolites, a large amount of enzyme, amino acid, nucleic acid and class humic acid, fulvic acid isoreactivity composition and abundant mineral substance, stable in properties, can store for a long time.
HMC fermented liquid mixes as the daily tap water of laying hen using the ratio of 1:50-100 with water, and egg productivity on average improves 2.3%, and the contents of eggs on average increases by 2.6%, and shell thickness on average increases by 5.8%, and chicken manure just peculiar smell reduces.
HMC fermented liquid stoste is sprayed in hen house, every day sooner or later respectively once, spray amount 10-20ml/m
3, ammonia and below the near 5ppm of hydrogen sulfide in hen house under normal ventilation condition, ammonia and more than the near 15ppm of hydrogen sulfide in control group hen house, must forced ventilation.
HMC fermented liquid is applied to strawberry cultivating, mix and carry out filling with and executing and foliage spray in booth with the ratio of 1:500-1000 with water with HMC fermented liquid, can cure the common rotten mildew of strawberry, the thick average increase by 3.5% of From Strawberry Leaves, strawberry fruit pol improves 1-2 degree, and under normal temperature, preservation period extends.
Solid after dehydration uses as fertilizer after regulating moisture.Can activating soil microorganism, promote fertilizer utilization, improvement soil, control is hardened.
brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of organic waste water liquid compost device;
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of humify microbial cultivation device;
Fig. 3 is the schema of organic waste water liquid compost device;
In figure: 1, equalizing tank, 2, one grade fermemtation pond, 3, humify microbial cultivation device, 4, second order fermentation pond, 5, aerobic fermentation tank, 6, equipment for separating liquid from solid, 7, solid substance dewatering unit, 8, oar formula whipping appts, 9, aerating apparatus, 10, mineral filler, 11, culture tank, 12, microbe generator, 13, temperature control unit, 14, release valve, 15, urceolus, 16, inner core.
Claims (4)
1. utilize humify microorganism to realize the device of organic waste water liquid compost, it is characterized in that, formed by equalizing tank (1), one grade fermemtation pond (2), humify microbial cultivation device (3), second order fermentation pond (4), aerobic fermentation tank (5), equipment for separating liquid from solid (6) and solid substance dewatering unit (7); Equalizing tank (1), one grade fermemtation pond (2), second order fermentation pond (4), aerobic fermentation tank (5) and equipment for separating liquid from solid (6) are connected with pipeline in turn, equipment for separating liquid from solid (6) is connected to solid substance dewatering unit (7) by slush pump, humify microbial cultivation device (3) is connected to one grade fermemtation pond (2) by pipeline, equalizing tank (1) is connected with humify microbial cultivation device (3) through pipeline by lift pump, and aerobic fermentation tank (5) is connected with one grade fermemtation pond (2) by reflux pump pipeline; The useful volume ratio of equalizing tank (1), one grade fermemtation pond (2), humify microbial cultivation device (3), second order fermentation pond (4) and aerobic fermentation tank (5) is 50:100:1:150:200, the bottom of one grade fermemtation pond (2), humify microbial cultivation device (3), second order fermentation pond (4) and aerobic fermentation tank (5) arranges aerating apparatus (9), carries air by gas blower blower fan; Liquid level in equalizing tank (1), one grade fermemtation pond (2), second order fermentation pond (4) and aerobic fermentation tank (5) is consistent.
2. method and the device that utilizes humify microorganism to realize organic waste water liquid compost according to claim 1, is characterized in that, one or more oar formula whipping apptss (8) are set in equalizing tank (1); Aerating apparatus (9) is flat micro porous aeration head; Equipment for separating liquid from solid (6) is the one of air-flotation type equipment for separating liquid from solid, gravity sedimentation type settler or filtering type equipment for separating liquid from solid; Solid substance is the one in board-like filter-pressing device, centrifugal dehumidifier or screw squeezing dehydration device through dewatering unit (7); In one grade fermemtation pond (2) and second order fermentation pond (4), be equipped with mineral filler (10); The profile of mineral filler (10) is column, made by stainless (steel) wire, diameter is 20 ~ 25cm, length is 80% of two fermentation vat significant depths, in body, filled natural mineral form, comprise Muscovitum 10-20%, quartz sand 30-50%, pumice 30-40%, medical stone 10-20%, all ores are all processed into the fragment of 3-5cm size, evenly mix; Filler density of setting is 2-4/m
2, filler spacing is not less than 25cm.
3. method and the device that utilizes humify microorganism to realize organic waste water liquid compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, humify microbial cultivation device (3) is made up of culture tank (11), microbe generator (12), aerating apparatus (9), temperature control unit (13) and release valve (14), the cylindrical tank that culture tank (11) is made for stainless steel, top uncovered, it is conical that lower end is, and conical tip arranges release valve (14), culture tank (11) skin arranges temperature control unit (13), microbe generator (12) is arranged in culture tank (11) by the fixed form such as rope or support, microbe generator (12) is made up of urceolus (15) and the inner core (16) of stainless steel, urceolus (15) and inner core (16) are cylindrical, inner tube wall has the circular hole that several diameters are 8mm, circular hole fraction of coverage accounts for the 25%-30% of barrel surface-area, inner core (16) diameter is 1/3 of urceolus (15) diameter, inner core (16) is highly 1/2 of urceolus (15) height, inner core (16) is vertically placed in urceolus (15), is positioned at urceolus (15) central interior, the barrel of urceolus (15) has the circular hole that several diameters are 1mm, and circular hole fraction of coverage accounts for the 25%-30% of barrel surface-area, filling mineral layer between urceolus (15) and inner core (16), comprises Muscovitum 10-20%, grouan 30-50%, pumice 30-40%, medical stone 10-20%, and all ores are all processed into the fragment of 1.5-3cm size, evenly mixes, in inner core (16), fill humify microbial source, humify microbial source is the obsidian fragment that the diameter of diameter that in active vegetable mould, mixed volume the is 5% pumice fragment that is 1-1.5cm and 1% is 1-1.5cm, get the vegetable mould forming without artificially-contaminated new growth, after large matter is removed in screening, be crushed to state that particle diameter is less than 1cm as vegetable mould raw material, get vegetable mould raw material, brown sugar, starch, rice husk, bone meal, after the ratio of 40-60:1-1.5:5-8:15-25:3-5 is mixed in mass ratio, adjustment water ratio is 55%-60%, in encloses container, keep 30-35 DEG C to take out after stack retting 25-35 days, at 50 DEG C, dry to water ratio be below 15%, obtain active vegetable mould, culture tank (11) tank diameter is 3-5 times of microbe generator (12), and significant depth is 3-5 times of microbe generator (12) height.
4. utilize humify microorganism to realize the method for organic waste water liquid compost, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
1) organic sewage pumps into equalizing tank (1) after collecting, if contain the solid-state organism of bulk in sewage, sneaks in sewage after needing to be crushed to the state that particle diameter is less than 5mm, and in sewage, total solids level is no more than 3%; In equalizing tank (1), utilize sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid that sewage pH is adjusted between 6.5-8.0, sewage and solid substance are fully mixed and keep suspended state by oar formula whipping appts (8);
2) sewage enters one grade fermemtation pond (2), and sewage is joined in humify microbial cultivation device (3), as five-day BOD <600mg/L in the former water of organic sewage, when total nitrogen <150mg/L, need additional nutritive medium in humify microbial cultivation device (3); The production method of additional nutritive medium is, in the water of unit volume, add fresh peat leach liquor 15%-20%, brown sugar 2.5-3%, urea 0.5-1%, Zulkovsky starch 2-3%, ferrous sulfate (seven water) 0.05-0.1%, saltpetre 0.05-0.1%, potassiumphosphate 0.05-0.1%, wherein the making method of fresh peat leach liquor is: by the sodium hydroxide solution mix and blend 30min of 1 part of fresh vegetable mould and 3-5 part 0.8-0.1mol/L, obtain after filtration clear liquor, then with between hydrochloric acid modulation PH6.0-7.0; Remain under the condition that 25-35 DEG C, dissolved oxygen remain on 2.5-3.5mg/L and cultivate after 48-72 hour in temperature, in culture tank (11), 90% of liquid is directed into behind one grade fermemtation pond (2) by release valve (14) as inoculation liquid, then supplements new sewage or nutritive medium and again repeat a culture cycle to culture tank (11);
3) humify microbial cultivation device (3) sequence batch (provide microorganism training nutrient solution to one grade fermemtation pond (2), one grade fermemtation pond (2) intermittently obtains after microbial culture medium that humify microbial cultivation device (3) provides, dwell time of sewage is 5-7d, dissolved oxygen concentration remains on 2.5-3.5mg/L, water temperature is more than 20 DEG C, and optimum temperature range is the condition bottom fermentation of 28-30 DEG C;
4) according to previous step hydraulic retention number of days, one of number of days of fermented liquid in 24h one grade fermemtation pond (2) enters second order fermentation pond (6) by gravity, the hydraulic detention time of sewage in second order fermentation pond (6) is 7-9d, and dissolved oxygen concentration remains on the level of 2.5-3.5mg/L;
5) according to previous step hydraulic retention number of days, one of number of days of fermented liquid in 24h second order fermentation pond (6) enters by gravity to flow into slaking (5) pond, in aerobic fermentation tank (5), hydraulic detention time is 9-11d, dissolved oxygen concentration remains on 1.5-2mg/L, after slaking in the fermented liquid in ratio return ripening stage of 1% of one grade fermemtation pond (2) each flooding quantity;
6) according to previous step hydraulic detention time, from aerobic fermentation tank (5), discharge fermentation mixed solution to equipment for separating liquid from solid (6) every 24h and carry out solid-liquid separation, the residence time of fermentation mixed solution in equipment for separating liquid from solid (6) is 30min, solids after separation is dewatered through solid substance dewatering unit (7), liquid after liquid and the solid-liquid separation squeezing out merges and proceeds to storage vessel as HMC fermented liquid, solids is through the step compost product that discharges of solid substance dewatering unit (7), and time-out interval is 24h;
7), when humify microbial cultivation device (3) batch microorganism culturing starts, add 1% HMC fermented liquid.
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