CN110959770A

CN110959770A - Poultry feed

Info

Publication number: CN110959770A
Application number: CN201811188025.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史秀李; 胡忠侠; 李依诺
Original assignee: Anhui Longxing Agricultural Planting Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Longxing Agricultural Planting Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-29
Filing date: 2018-09-29
Publication date: 2020-04-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a poultry feed, which comprises the following main raw material components: corn, wheat, flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, rapeseed meal, feather meal, vinasse protein feed, corn protein powder, duck oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, lysine, methionine, threonine, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, choline, betaine, tea polyphenol, apple polyphenol, an enzyme additive, a trace element premix, a D-ribose additive and a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

Description

Poultry feed

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of poultry feed, and particularly relates to a poultry feed.

Background

The poultry including chickens, ducks, geese and the like have large requirements on nutrition in the growth and development process, the requirements on the feed are high, and the feed cost accounts for about 70% of the cost in the breeding process. The existing poultry feed generally has heavy protein and light energy in the preparation process, and basically has no components capable of enhancing the skill of chickens and improving the disease resistance of the chickens, so that the utilization rate of the feed is low, and the breeding cost is increased. In addition, the unbalanced nutrition of the poultry leads to slow metabolism and reduced daily gain, which leads to high group morbidity. Therefore, according to the physiological characteristics of poultry, nutrition is more a key for reducing the breeding cost through scientific proportioning, and meanwhile, chemical disease-resistant medicines are not added into the feed, but traditional Chinese medicine components without side effects and hazards are added, so that the disease-resistant and antibacterial capabilities of poultry groups can be improved, the problem of medicine residue is solved, and the quality of poultry meat and eggs is improved.

D-ribose (D-ribose) is a natural aldopentose existing in all living cells, and has a molecular formula of C5H10O5, a relative molecular weight of 150.13 and a melting point of 86-87 ℃. The pure D-ribose is white crystalline powder, is very easy to absorb moisture, is soluble in water, is slightly soluble in ethanol, and is insoluble in ether, propiophenone, chloroform and the like. The ribose has a chiral carbon atom in its structure, so that the optical isomerism is divided into two forms, namely D-form and L-form, but the D-form exists mainly in the state of D-ribose in nature. D-ribose is a constituent of various RNAs such as biological genetic substances mRNA, rRNA, 5sRNA and the like and a plurality of coenzymes, is in a pivotal position in the metabolism of nucleoside substances, proteins and fats, and has important physiological functions and wide application prospects. D-ribose, a natural component present in all cells in the organism, is closely related to the formation of adenosine and the regeneration of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), and is one of the most basic energy sources for life metabolism. Although some D-ribose is added into poultry feed before the application, most of D-ribose cannot be fully absorbed and utilized due to the fact that no auxiliary additive exists or ingredients of the feed formula are unreasonable, and the effect of improving the physique of poultry is not obvious.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the poultry feed, which improves the microbial flora balance in animals and selectively promotes the proliferation activity of intestinal bifidobacteria by adjusting the formula of the staple food grain, adding D-ribose feed additive, adding premix trace elements, traditional Chinese medicine additive and enzyme additive into the staple food grain and through the synergistic effect of the components, thereby improving the physique and the production performance of the poultry.

The scheme of the invention is realized by the following technical measures:

a poultry feed comprises the following main raw material components: corn, wheat, flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, rapeseed meal, feather meal, vinasse protein feed, corn protein powder, duck oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, lysine, methionine, threonine, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, choline, betaine, tea polyphenol, apple polyphenol, an enzyme additive, a microelement premix, a D-ribose additive and a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

The poultry feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-50 parts of corn, 10-15 parts of wheat, 8-13 parts of flour, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of peanut meal, 1-3 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-3 parts of feather meal, 1-3 parts of vinasse protein feed, 3-7 parts of corn protein powder, 1-5 parts of duck oil, 0.5-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-3 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1 part of lysine, 0.1-0.5 part of methionine, 0.01-0.1 part of threonine, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.06-0.1 part of choline, 0.03-0.07 part of betaine, 1-4 parts of tea polyphenol, 3-7 parts of apple polyphenol, 0.1-1 part of enzyme additive, 0.05-1 part of microelement premix and 1-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive, wherein 30-600 mg of D-ribose additive is added into each kilogram of the feed.

The microelement premix comprises 3000-4000 IU of vitamin A, 3200-400 IU of vitamin D, 35.0-45.0 mg of vitamin E, 33.5-5.0 mg of vitamin K, 1260.0-90.0 ug of vitamin B, 1.0-4.0 mg of riboflavin, 10.0-15.0 mg of pantothenic acid, 20.0-35.0 mg of nicotinic acid, 0.45-0.55 mg of biotin, 180.0-220.0 mg of iron, 90.0-105.0 mg of zinc, 10.0-15.0 mg of copper, 140-160 mg of manganese, 0.1-0.35 mg of selenium and 0.05-0.05 mg of iodine per kilogram of feed.

The enzyme additive comprises xylanase, phytase, amylase and cellulose, wherein the enzyme additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of xylanase, 10-20 parts of phytase, 15-32 parts of amylase and 15-32 parts of cellulose.

Wherein the D-ribose additive comprises D-ribose, bran, corncob meal, medical stone, high calcium stone powder and alfalfa.

Wherein the D-ribose additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-32 parts of D-ribose, 25-45 parts of bran, 10-15 parts of corncob powder, 7-13 parts of medical stone, 12-20 parts of high calcium stone powder and 5-10 parts of alfalfa.

The D-ribose additive can be prepared into dosage forms of tablets, capsules, granules and oral liquid.

The traditional Chinese medicine additive comprises schisandra chinensis, medicated leaven, scutellaria baicalensis, folium isatidis, houttuynia cordata, salvia miltiorrhiza, angelica sinensis, fingered citron, wild buckwheat rhizome, radix paeoniae alba and malt, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of schisandra chinensis, 5-10 parts of medicated leaven, 3-7 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 5-10 parts of folium isatidis, 15-25 parts of houttuynia cordata, 3-10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 3-8 parts of angelica sinensis, 8-18 parts of fingered citron, 10-20 parts of wild buckwheat, 3-8 parts of radix paeoniae alba and 8-20 parts of malt.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the poultry feed contains D-ribose, has close relation with the formation of adenylic acid of poultry and the regeneration of ATP, can enter a remedial synthesis way of ATP, creates conditions for rapidly generating ATP, is one of the most basic energy sources of the life metabolism of poultry, plays a key role in the heart and skeletal muscle metabolism of poultry, can promote the recovery of local tissue ischemia and hypoxia of poultry organisms, and has the effects of supplementing the energy in poultry bodies, relieving fatigue and shortening the recovery time of physical strength after exercise. In addition, the enzyme additive, the microelement premix, the traditional Chinese medicine additive and the D-ribose additive have good synergistic effect with the main grain components, can fully exert the efficacy of each additive, selectively promote the proliferation of intestinal flora, improve the balance of microbial flora in poultry bodies, promote the reproduction of beneficial bacteria in animal digestive tracts, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, reduce the morbidity of other diseases and promote the growth. In addition, the additive has no pollution, toxic or side effect and residue, can prevent and resist diseases, improve the utilization efficiency of feed, and greatly improve the production performance of poultry. In addition, the raw and auxiliary materials of the feed are easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, and the expanded production is facilitated.

Detailed Description

To clearly illustrate the technical features of the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is described below with reference to specific examples, but the examples are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Preparation of D-ribose and Chinese medicine additive

Example 1:

every 100g D-ribose feed additive contains: 40g of D-ribose, 15g of bran, 8g of corncob meal, 10g of medical stone, 22g of high calcium stone powder and 5g of alfalfa are crushed in a crusher, sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and uniformly mixed according to the weight to prepare the D-ribose feed additive.

Every 100g of the traditional Chinese medicine additive contains: 6g of schisandra chinensis, 5g of medicated leaven, 3g of scutellaria baicalensis, 10g of folium isatidis, 25g of houttuynia cordata, 3g of salvia miltiorrhiza, 5g of angelica sinensis, 8g of fingered citron, 20g of wild buckwheat rhizome, 5g of radix paeoniae alba and 10g of malt, the above materials are crushed in a crusher, sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and uniformly mixed according to the weight to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive.

Example 2:

every 100g D-ribose feed additive contains: the D-ribose feed additive is prepared by crushing the materials in a crusher, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the crushed materials according to the weight, wherein the crushed materials comprise 37g of D-ribose, 15g of bran, 13g of corncob powder, 10g of medical stone, 15g of high-calcium stone powder and 10g of alfalfa.

Every 100g of the traditional Chinese medicine additive contains: 10g of schisandra chinensis, 10g of medicated leaven, 3g of scutellaria baicalensis, 5g of folium isatidis, 15g of houttuynia cordata, 5g of salvia miltiorrhiza, 5g of angelica sinensis, 15g of fingered citron, 15g of wild buckwheat rhizome, 5g of radix paeoniae alba and 12g of malt, the materials are crushed in a crusher, sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and uniformly mixed according to the weight to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive.

Example 3:

every 100g D-ribose feed additive contains: 30g of D-ribose, 18g of bran, 15g of corn cob powder, 15g of medical stone, 15g of high calcium stone powder and 8g of alfalfa. The materials are crushed in a crusher, sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and evenly mixed according to the weight to prepare the D-ribose feed additive.

Every 100g of the traditional Chinese medicine additive contains: 12g of schisandra chinensis, 9g of medicated leaven, 5g of scutellaria baicalensis, 3g of folium isatidis, 15g of houttuynia cordata, 3g of salvia miltiorrhiza, 3g of angelica sinensis, 10g of fingered citron, 15g of wild buckwheat rhizome, 5g of radix paeoniae alba and 20g of malt, the materials are crushed in a crusher, sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and uniformly mixed according to the weight to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive.

(II) application of the feed of the invention in broiler chickens

1. Purpose of experiment

512 feathers of 1-day-old AA broilers are randomly divided into 4 groups, and the groups are respectively fed to test diets which are added with 0, 100, 150, 200 mgD-ribose additives/kg basic diet and 0, 10, 20, 30g of traditional Chinese medicine additives/kg basic diet, so that the influence of the D-ribose additives on the production performance and serum-related biochemical indexes of the broilers is researched.

2. Test animals and test design

Selecting 512 feathers of AA broilers with the average weight of (46.3 +/-1.8) g at 1 day age, randomly dividing the feathers into 4 groups, repeating the feathers in each group for 8 times, and feeding 4 types of daily rations respectively by repeating the feathers for 16 times: (1) basal diet (control); (2) basic ration +100 mgD-ribose additive/kg basic ration +10g traditional Chinese medicine additive/kg basic ration; (3) basal diet +150 mgD-ribose additive/kg basal diet +20g traditional Chinese medicine additive/kg basal diet; (4) basic ration +200 mgD-ribose additive/kg basic ration +30g traditional Chinese medicine additive/kg basic ration. The basic ration formula and the nutrition level of the test are shown in table 1, and the test material is powder.

TABLE 1 basal diet formula and nutritional levels

The metabolism energy of the above daily ration is 12.75MJ/kg and 13.24MJ/kg respectively.

Note: the microelement premix (per kilogram of feed) contains: vitamin A5500 IU, vitamin D3650 IU, vitamin E35mg, vitamin K32.5 mg, riboflavin 7.5mg, pantothenic acid 18.6mg, nicotinic acid 45.0mg, biotin 0.25mg, vitamin B12100 ug, manganese 180mg, iron 240mg, zinc 120mg, copper 25mg, iodine 0.3mg, and selenium 0.5 mg.

The enzyme additive (per kg feed) contains: 10g of xylanase, 15g of phytase, 15g of amylase and 15g of cellulose.

3. Feeding management

The experimental broiler chickens are raised in the same henhouse, and are raised in stacked cages, automatically drunk and fed, continuously illuminated for 24 hours, immunized and other raising management are carried out according to the conventional method.

4. Sample collection

Randomly selecting 3 feather middle-sized cocks for slaughtering when the broiler chickens are 21 days old and 42 days old, collecting blood in a clean centrifuge tube, standing for a period of time, centrifuging for 15min at 3000r/min in a low-temperature centrifuge, collecting supernatant, subpackaging, and storing in a freezer at-20 ℃ for later use.

5. Index measurement

(1) The production performance is as follows: feed intake and dead panning were recorded daily and broilers were weighed on an empty stomach at trials 21d and 42 d. The average body weight and the material weight ratio were calculated.

(2) Biochemical indexes of serum: the full-automatic biochemical analyzer measures, and a kit used in the measurement is provided by Nanjing-built bioengineering Co. Total Protein (TP): colorimetric determination by a biuret method; albumin (ALB): measuring bromocresol green by a colorimetric method; globulin (G) ═ total protein-albumin; albumin/globulin: ALB/GLO; triglycerides (TG) and Total Cholesterol (TC): GPO-PAP enzymatic assay; serum Glucose (GLU): and (3) measuring by a glucose oxidase method.

6. Statistical analysis of data

The experimental data were initially processed with Excel, counted using SPSS 13 software, tested for differential significance and multiple comparisons using one-factor analysis of variance, and the results are presented as mean ± standard error.

7. Results and analysis

(1) Influence of D-ribose on broiler productivity

TABLE 2 influence of D-ribose additives on the productivity of AA broilers

Note: the differences were significant (P < 0.05) between the different lower case letters after the same column of data.

As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the control group, the addition of the D-ribose feed additive has no significant influence on the productivity (average body weight and feed-weight ratio) of the broiler chickens at each stage (P is more than 0.05). The average weight of the broilers of 1-21 days old is improved by adding the D-ribose, the material-weight ratio is reduced, and the influence on later growth is not obvious.

(2) Influence of D-ribose additive on biochemical indexes of broiler serum

TABLE 3 influence of D-Ribose on biochemical indices of broiler serum

As shown in Table 3, the D-ribose feed additive has no significant influence on the early-stage serum TP, ALB, G, ALB/GLO, TG and TC of the broiler (P is more than 0.05), but the serum TG and TC have the tendency of reducing, wherein the TC of the groups 2, 3 and 4 is respectively reduced by 7.13%, 8.45% and 6.32%; the early addition of 150mg/kg D-ribose significantly reduced the blood glucose level (P < 0.05).

Compared with a control group, the later G, ALB/GLO, TG and GLU of the broiler chicken added with the D-ribose additive group have no obvious difference (P is more than 0.05), but TG of each test group has a reduction trend, and the groups 2, 3 and 4 are respectively reduced by 21.4%, 27.3% and 24.1%; group 3 was a significant decrease (P < 0.05), and groups 2 and 4 tended to decrease but did not reach significant levels of TP (P > 0.05); ALB was reduced in each test group, with significant levels (P < 0.05) in groups 3 and 4, and 12.4%, 12.8%, and 11.4% reductions in TC in groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively, with significant levels (P < 0.05) in group 3.

The other prior daily ration formulas are as follows: (1) every 1000g of the feed contains 392.5g of corn, 150g of wheat, 100g of flour, 200g of bean pulp, 20g of peanut meal, 15g of rapeseed meal, 10g of feather meal, 15g of vinasse protein feed, 39g of corn protein powder, 15g of duck oil, 13.5g of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.9g of stone powder, 6.6g of lysine, 1.7g of methionine, 0.6g of threonine, 2.7g of sodium chloride, 1g of sodium bicarbonate, 1g of choline, 0.5g of betaine, 1g of tea polyphenol, 3g of apple polyphenol, 0.1g of enzyme additive, 0.05g of trace element premix, 30mg of D-ribose additive and 1g of traditional Chinese medicine additive.

(2) Every 1000g of the feed contains 423g of corn, 150g of wheat, 100g of flour, 140g of bean pulp, 25g of peanut meal, 15g of rapeseed meal, 10g of feather meal, 20g of vinasse protein feed, 45g of corn protein powder, 32g of duck oil, 9.1g of calcium hydrophosphate, 12.1g of stone powder, 7.8g of lysine, 1.4g of methionine, 0.8g of threonine, 2.7g of sodium chloride, 1g of sodium bicarbonate, 1g of choline, 0.5g of betaine, 2g of tea polyphenol, 5g of apple polyphenol, 0.5g of enzyme additive, 0.1g of trace element premix, 100mg of D-ribose additive and 3g of traditional Chinese medicine additive.

(3) Every 1000g of the feed contains 427.7g of corn, 100g of wheat, 120g of flour, 190g of bean pulp, 20g of peanut meal, 20g of rapeseed meal, 10g of feather meal, 15g of vinasse protein feed, 42.1g of corn protein powder, 12g of duck oil, 13.6g of calcium hydrophosphate, 12.1g of stone powder, 6.3g of lysine, 1.6g of methionine, 0.4g of threonine, 2.7g of sodium chloride, 1g of sodium bicarbonate, 1g of choline, 0.5g of betaine, 2.5g of tea polyphenol, 7g of apple polyphenol, 0.5g of enzyme additive, 0.1g of microelement premix, 150mg of D-ribose additive and 5g of traditional Chinese medicine additive.

(4) Every 1000g of the feed contains 443.9g of corn, 140.5 g of wheat, 100g of flour, 130g of bean pulp, 30g of peanut meal, 10g of rapeseed meal, 10g of feather meal, 20g of vinasse protein feed, 45g of corn protein powder, 31g of duck oil, 9.1g of calcium hydrophosphate, 12.2g of stone powder, 7.5g of lysine, 1.3g of methionine, 0.7g of threonine, 2.7g of sodium chloride, 1g of sodium bicarbonate, 0.8g of choline, 0.5g of betaine, 1.5g of tea polyphenol, 2g of apple polyphenol, 0.2g of enzyme additive, 0.5g of microelement premix, 300mg of D-ribose additive and 5g of traditional Chinese medicine additive.

(5) Every 1000g of the feed contains 477.9g of corn, 126.6 g of wheat, 100g of flour, 100g of bean pulp, 30g of peanut meal, 20g of rapeseed meal, 10g of feather meal, 30g of vinasse protein feed, 40g of corn protein powder, 32g of duck oil, 6.9g of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.6g of stone powder, 6.6g of lysine, 1.1g of methionine, 0.5g of threonine, 2.7g of sodium chloride, 1g of sodium bicarbonate, 0.8g of choline, 0.5g of betaine, 1.5g of tea polyphenol, 2g of apple polyphenol, 0.2g of enzyme additive, 0.5g of microelement premix, 550mg of D-ribose additive and 5g of traditional Chinese medicine additive.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope of the present disclosure; the technical scheme and the improved concept of the invention are equally replaced or changed; are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A poultry feed characterized by: the poultry feed comprises the following main raw material components: corn, wheat, flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, rapeseed meal, feather meal, vinasse protein feed, corn protein powder, duck oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, lysine, methionine, threonine, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, choline, betaine, tea polyphenol, apple polyphenol, an enzyme additive, a microelement premix, a D-ribose additive and a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

2. The poultry feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-50 parts of corn, 10-15 parts of wheat, 8-13 parts of flour, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of peanut meal, 1-3 parts of rapeseed meal, 1-3 parts of feather meal, 1-3 parts of vinasse protein feed, 3-7 parts of corn protein powder, 1-5 parts of duck oil, 0.5-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-3 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1 part of lysine, 0.1-0.5 part of methionine, 0.01-0.1 part of threonine, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.06-0.1 part of choline, 0.03-0.07 part of betaine, 1-4 parts of tea polyphenol, 3-7 parts of apple polyphenol, 0.1-1 part of enzyme additive, 0.05-1 part of microelement premix and 1-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive, wherein 30-600 mg of D-ribose additive is added into each kilogram of the feed.

3. A poultry feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the trace element premix comprises vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, biotin, vitamin B12, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, iodine, selenium.

4. A poultry feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: the microelement premix comprises 3000-4000 IU of vitamin A, 3200-400 IU of vitamin D, 35.0-45.0 mg of vitamin E, 33.5-5.0 mg of vitamin K, 1260.0-90.0 ug of vitamin B, 1.0-4.0 mg of riboflavin, 10.0-15.0 mg of pantothenic acid, 20.0-35.0 mg of nicotinic acid, 0.45-0.55 mg of biotin, 180.0-220.0 mg of iron, 90.0-105.0 mg of zinc, 10.0-15.0 mg of copper, 140-160 mg of manganese, 0.1-0.35 mg of selenium and 0.05-0.15 mg of iodine per kilogram of feed.

5. A poultry feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the enzyme additive comprises xylanase, phytase, amylase and cellulose, wherein the enzyme additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of xylanase, 10-20 parts of phytase, 15-32 parts of amylase and 15-32 parts of cellulose.

6. A poultry feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the D-ribose additive comprises D-ribose, bran, corncob meal, medical stone, high calcium stone powder and alfalfa.

7. The poultry feed according to claim 6, characterized in that the D-ribose additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-32 parts of D-ribose, 25-45 parts of bran, 10-15 parts of corncob powder, 7-13 parts of medical stone, 12-20 parts of high calcium stone powder and 5-10 parts of alfalfa.

8. A poultry feed according to claim 1 or 2 or 7, characterized in that: the D-ribose additive can be prepared into dosage forms of tablets, capsules, granules and oral liquid.

9. A poultry feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine additive contains schisandra chinensis, medicated leaven, scutellaria baicalensis, folium isatidis, houttuynia cordata, salvia miltiorrhiza, angelica sinensis, fingered citron, wild buckwheat rhizome, radix paeoniae alba and malt, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of schisandra chinensis, 5-10 parts of medicated leaven, 3-7 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 5-10 parts of folium isatidis, 15-25 parts of houttuynia cordata, 3-10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 3-8 parts of angelica sinensis, 8-18 parts of fingered citron, 10-20 parts of wild buckwheat, 3-8 parts of radix paeoniae alba and 8-20 parts of malt.