CN110943265A - Preparation and bidirectional heat flow control method of battery heat management device coupled with novel bionic heat pipe - Google Patents
Preparation and bidirectional heat flow control method of battery heat management device coupled with novel bionic heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN110943265A CN110943265A CN201910400310.5A CN201910400310A CN110943265A CN 110943265 A CN110943265 A CN 110943265A CN 201910400310 A CN201910400310 A CN 201910400310A CN 110943265 A CN110943265 A CN 110943265A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite battery thermal management device prepared by applying super-hydrophilic characteristics of novel bionic plants and a bidirectional heat flow control method thereof. The bionic heat pipe set is in solid-solid contact heat exchange with the battery, and is in direct contact with the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate at the bottom, so that heat transfer between the battery and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate is realized. Meanwhile, when the battery is converted from a cooling working condition to a preheating working condition, the cold end and the hot end of the bionic heat pipe set are subjected to self-adaptive conversion of the heat transfer direction along with the change of the state of the bottom cold/hot plate. The method overcomes the defect that the liquid at the cold end of the traditional gravity type heat pipe cannot rise to the hot end by means of capillary force due to the influence of gravity, so that thermodynamic cycle and cold and hot end self-adaptive adjustment cannot be realized in the heat pipe, the high-efficiency cooling capability and the quick preheating capability of the battery pack under high-temperature environment and severe working condition and the cold and low-temperature environment are greatly improved, and the optimal working temperature, power output, cycle life and thermal safety of the battery pack of the electric automobile are guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermal management of power batteries of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency heat exchange device for power batteries and a thermal management control method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of electric automobiles, the specific energy of batteries of the electric automobiles is gradually increased, and meanwhile, the heat production of the batteries is rapidly improved under high-temperature climate and severe working conditions. In addition, some safety problems caused by insufficient cooling capacity of the battery are also receiving wide attention, and therefore, the corresponding battery thermal management technology is in urgent need of improvement and perfection. The reasonable heat management of the power battery is not only a basic condition for normal driving, but also a necessary guarantee for the life safety of passengers. In battery heat transfer in the past, the liquid cooling is as a most common heat transfer mode, can satisfy the basic heat transfer requirement of battery and guaranteed battery module temperature distribution's homogeneity. However, the liquid cooling type battery heat exchange device system is too complex, and has high requirements on the sealing property of the battery pack.
The heat pipe is widely applied to electronic equipment due to the property of quickly transferring heat, the heat pipe transfers heat by utilizing the evaporation heat exchange of an internal medium, and the heat exchange efficiency is extremely high. At present, the heat pipe is usually used for plane heat conduction, when the heat pipe is used for heat exchange in the vertical direction, a gravity type heat pipe is used, the condensation end of the heat pipe in the form is arranged at the lower part of the evaporation end at the upper part, and condensation reflux and thermodynamic cycle are realized by utilizing gravity, so that the heat pipe is only suitable for the heat exchange form of lower part cooling. When the condensation end is arranged at the lower part of the heat pipe, and fluid in the capillary is diffused from the hot end to the cold end under the action of pressure difference, the liquid restricted at the cold end by the influence of gravity cannot overcome the gravity to rise to the hot end only by means of capillary force, thermodynamic circulation in the heat pipe cannot be realized, and the application range of the heat pipe under numerous high-efficiency heat exchange conditions is greatly limited. Therefore, aiming at the existing technical difficulties, the invention provides a novel heat pipe array with super-hydrophilic characteristics of bionic plants and a composite battery heat management device, so that the high-efficiency cooling of the battery pack under high-temperature environment and severe working condition is realized, and the optimal working temperature, power output, cycle life and thermal safety of the battery pack of the electric automobile are guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite battery thermal management device prepared by applying super-hydrophilic characteristics of novel bionic plants and a bidirectional heat flow control method thereof. The bionic heat pipe set is in solid-solid contact heat exchange with the battery, and is in direct contact with the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate at the bottom, so that heat transfer between the battery and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate is realized. Meanwhile, when the battery is converted from a cooling working condition to a preheating working condition, the cold end and the hot end of the bionic heat pipe set are subjected to self-adaptive conversion of the heat transfer direction along with the change of the state of the bottom cold/hot plate. The method overcomes the defect that the liquid at the cold end of the traditional gravity type heat pipe cannot rise to the hot end by means of capillary force due to the influence of gravity, so that thermodynamic cycle and cold and hot end self-adaptive adjustment cannot be realized in the heat pipe, the high-efficiency cooling capability and the quick preheating capability of the battery pack under high-temperature environment and severe working condition and the cold and low-temperature environment are greatly improved, and the optimal working temperature, power output, cycle life and thermal safety of the battery pack of the electric automobile are guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a coupled heat pipe battery thermal management apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a heat collecting form and layout diagram of the surface heat pipes of the single battery.
FIG. 3 is a design diagram of two-way micro-channels inside the L-shaped bionic heat pipe.
FIG. 4 is a micro-structure view of the internal hydrophilic of the L-shaped bionic heat pipe.
The numbering and corresponding designations for the various components in the drawings are as follows:
in FIGS. 1-4: 1-battery lower support, 2-bottom cold/hot plate, 3-battery upper support, 4-bionic heat pipe set, 5-battery monomer, 6-bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructure, 7-heat conducting copper block, 8-L type heat pipe, 9-I type heat pipe, 10-thin-wall copper plate, 11-partition wall, 12-wedge boss, 13-wedge groove and 14-heat flow sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the battery thermal management device is composed of a battery lower support 1, a bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2, a battery upper support 3, a bionic heat pipe set 4, a battery monomer 5 and a heat flow sensor 14. Wherein, the battery lower bracket 1, the bottom cold/hot plate 2 and the battery upper bracket 3 are connected by bolts. The battery lower bracket 1 is provided with a lightening groove, and the outer edge of the battery lower bracket is provided with a bolt port for fixing the bottom cold/hot plate 2 and the battery upper bracket 3. The battery upper bracket 3 is provided with a heat pipe groove, and the bionic heat pipe set 4 can be inserted into the battery upper bracket 3. The non-empty part of the upper battery support 3 is a discharge cell, and bosses are arranged at four corners of the upper battery support and are used for being connected with the lower battery support 1. A bottom cold/hot plate 2 is arranged between the battery lower bracket 1 and the battery upper bracket 3.
The reinforcing plate is welded below the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2, a heat pipe groove is processed on the upper surface of the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2, and the bionic heat pipe collector 4 can be inserted into the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2. The periphery of the bottom cold/hot plate 2 is provided with circular through holes for fixing the bottom cold/hot plate 2 with the upper battery bracket 1 and the lower battery bracket 3. The cooling medium flows through the bottom-arranged cold/hot plate 2 to take away a large amount of heat transferred from the battery monomer 5 to the bionic heat pipe set 4.
The bionic heat pipe set 4 is directly contacted with the battery monomer 5, and the lower part of the bionic heat pipe set 4 is inserted into the battery upper bracket 3 and the bottom cold/hot plate 2. When the battery works normally, a large amount of heat is generated, the heat is mainly from ohmic heat and electrochemical reaction heat of the battery, heat is generated most seriously at the lug of the battery, and the temperature is also highest. As shown in fig. 2, the bionic heat pipe set 4 is adopted to realize different cooling strengths for different areas of the battery, and the light weight of the battery heat management device is improved. The bionic heat pipe set 4 consists of L-shaped heat pipes 8 with different specifications, I-shaped heat pipes 9 and two copper plates 10. The size of the L-shaped heat pipe 8 is gradually reduced on the copper plate from the upper left corner and the upper right corner, and the I-shaped heat pipe 9 is distributed in the center of the copper plate. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inner surfaces of the L-shaped heat pipe 8 and the I-shaped heat pipe 9 are an array of the bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructures 6, the opening directions of the bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructures 6 on the two adjacent inner surfaces are opposite, and the inner surfaces in the thickness direction of the L-shaped heat pipe 8 and the I-shaped heat pipe 9 are called as droplet backflow walls. The super-hydrophilic microstructure 6 of the bionic plant is a wedge-shaped boss 12 with a sharp outer edge, and the microstructure can realize the directional transportation of liquid in the heat pipe against gravity. Meanwhile, the heat conducting copper block 7 is arranged on the inner surface of the L-shaped heat pipe 8, heat at the position of the heat conducting copper block 7 is transferred to the periphery of the super-hydrophilic microstructure 6 of the bionic plant, and then the heat is transferred through the directional flow of filling liquid acetone in the heat pipe. The bionic heat pipe set 4 has the following specific processing modes:
and selecting a low-resistance silicon wafer and polishing the surface of the low-resistance silicon wafer. Then coating glue on the surface of the substrate to manufacture a mask. And deep etching is carried out on the surface of the silicon wafer. A piece of heat-resistant glass is selected, a metal layer is sputtered on the heat-resistant glass, and leads and lead holes are formed through photoetching. The silicon chip is bonded with the heat-resistant glass by using a bonding process, and the copper metallization process on the surface of the silicon chip can be completed by using electroplating. And finally, removing the silicon wafer on the surface by utilizing an etching technology to obtain the copper metal wafer with the bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructure 6 on the surface. The copper sheet is rolled and welded into a tube shell, one end of the tube shell and an end cover are welded into a whole, working media are filled in the tube shell, and the heat pipe is baked to achieve the purpose of exhausting air. And welding the other end socket of the tube shell to manufacture the I-shaped heat pipe 9. An L-shaped heat pipe 8 with a special shape is manufactured at a proper position by a pipe bender, and a plurality of L-shaped heat pipes 8 and I-shaped heat pipes 9 with different sizes are welded on two thin-wall copper plates 10 to manufacture the bionic heat pipe set 4.
As shown in fig. 2, four heat flow sensors 14 are arranged on the thin-wall copper plate 10 of the bionic heat pipe set 4, and four heat monitoring areas are selected in the areas where the heat of the battery single bodies 5 is concentrated near the tabs and the middle of the battery. The average value of the heat measured by the four heat flow sensors 14 and the heat flow close to the lug area are respectively compared with a standard set value, the flow of the bottom cold/hot plate 2 is controlled together, and the temperature of the battery is maintained within an ideal working temperature range.
When the external environment is a low-temperature environment and the automobile is in a long-time parking state, the upper part of the bionic heat pipe set 4 is changed from an evaporation end to a condensation end, and the bionic heat pipe set 4 transfers the heat of the bottom cold/hot plate 2 to the battery monomer 5 for preheating. At this time, the acetone on the upper parts of the L-shaped heat pipe 8 and the I-shaped heat pipe 9 changes from gas state to liquid state, and returns to the lower parts of the L-shaped heat pipe 8 and the I-shaped heat pipe 9 along the liquid drop backflow wall, namely the evaporation end. The bottom cold/hot plate 2 is changed from the cold plate when the battery is normally operated to the hot plate. The evaporation end and the condensation end of the whole refrigeration system are also exchanged to become a heat pump system.
When the external environment is a high-temperature environment and the automobile is under high-load working conditions such as acceleration, climbing and the like, the heat production of the battery is greatly increased. The original bionic heat pipe set 4 and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2 are insufficient in cooling capacity, so that the heat management system is not matched with the current working condition. Thus, the refrigerant flow is adjusted to the maximum flow of this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat transfer flow of the bionic heat pipe set 4 is increased, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the high-load running working condition are ensured.
When the external environment is a high-temperature environment and the automobile is in a low-load working condition, the heat generated by the battery is greatly reduced under a high load. The prior bionic heat pipe set 4 and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2 have the excess capacity which is not matched with the current working condition. Thus regulating the refrigerant flow to a smaller flow to this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the lower condensation end and the cooling capacity of the upper evaporation end of the bionic heat pipe set 4 are reduced, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the low-load running working condition are ensured.
When the external environment is a low-temperature environment and the automobile is under high-load working conditions such as acceleration, climbing and the like, the heat production of the battery is increased rapidly. The original bionic heat pipe set 4 and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2 have insufficient cooling capacity and are not matched with the current working condition. The refrigerant flow should be adjusted to the larger flow of this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the condensation end and the cooling capacity of the evaporation end of the heat pipe are increased, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the high-load running working condition are ensured.
When the external environment is a low-temperature environment and the automobile is in a low-load working condition, the heat generated by the battery is greatly reduced under a high load. The prior bionic heat pipe set 4 and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate 2 have the excess capacity which is not matched with the current working condition. The refrigerant flow should be adjusted to the minimum flow to this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the lower condensation end of the heat pipe and the cooling capacity of the upper evaporation end of the heat pipe are reduced, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the low-load running working condition are ensured.
Claims (11)
1. A battery thermal management device preparation and bidirectional heat flow control method coupled with a novel bionic heat pipe is characterized by mainly comprising a battery lower support (1), a bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2), a battery upper support (3), a bionic heat pipe set (4), a battery monomer (5) and a heat flow sensor (14). The heat generated by the battery monomer (5) in the normal working process is transferred to the bionic heat pipe set (4), and meanwhile, the bionic heat pipe set (4) is in direct contact with the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2). And finally, cooling and preheating the whole battery pack are realized.
2. The battery lower bracket (1), the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2) and the battery upper bracket (3) according to claim 1, wherein the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2) and the battery upper bracket (3) are fixed on the battery lower bracket (1). The outer edge of the bottom cold/hot plate (2) is provided with through holes at the same positions as the battery lower support (1) and the battery upper support (3), and the bottom cold/hot plate (2) and the battery upper support (3) can be sequentially fixed on the battery lower support (1) by bolts. Meanwhile, the bottom of the cold/hot plate (2) is provided with a groove, and the bionic heat pipe set (4) is inserted into the groove. The battery upper bracket (8) is provided with a through hole for the bionic heat pipe set (4) to pass through.
3. The bionic heat pipe set (4) is composed of L-shaped heat pipes (8) and I-shaped heat pipes (9) which are different in size and two thin-walled copper plates (10) according to claim 1. The bionic heat pipe set is characterized in that two thin-wall copper plates (10) of the bionic heat pipe set (4) are in direct contact with a battery monomer (5), and an L-shaped heat pipe (8) and an I-shaped heat pipe (9) are welded between the two thin-wall copper plates (10). Because the heat production at the tab is the most during normal operation of the battery, the temperature at the tab is significantly higher than other regions of the battery, and the required cooling strength is also the highest. According to the characteristics of the battery, the L-shaped heat pipe (8) and the I-shaped heat pipe (9) are arranged on the surface of the battery, so that the reasonable distribution of the cooling strength of the surface of the battery is realized, and the consistency of the surface temperature of the battery is ensured. The height and the width of the L-shaped heat pipe (8) are gradually reduced from outside to inside on the thin-wall copper plate (10) layer by layer, and the depth direction is not changed. I-shaped heat pipes (9) are symmetrically distributed in the middle of the thin-wall copper plate (10).
And 4, the liquid filled in the L-shaped heat pipe (8) and the I-shaped heat pipe (9) is acetone, the liquid filled in the largest L-shaped heat pipe (8) accounts for 1/3 of the total volume in the L-shaped heat pipe (8), and other heat pipes are sequentially decreased progressively. The cross section of the bionic heat pipe set (4) is rectangular, and the thickness is 3-5 mm. Two inner surfaces of the L-shaped heat pipe (8) and the I-shaped heat pipe (9) which are contacted with the battery are processed with forward bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructures (6), and the other inner surfaces are processed with reverse bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructures (6) which are called as liquid drop backflow walls. The super-hydrophilic microstructure (6) of the bionic plant consists of a partition wall (11), a wedge-shaped boss (12) and a wedge-shaped groove (13).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the super-hydrophilic microstructure (6) of the bionic plant is processed in a specific way as follows: and selecting a low-resistance silicon wafer and polishing the surface of the low-resistance silicon wafer. Then coating glue on the surface of the substrate to manufacture a mask. And deep etching is carried out on the surface of the silicon wafer. Meanwhile, a piece of heat-resistant glass is selected, a metal layer is sputtered on the heat-resistant glass, and a lead hole are formed through photoetching. The silicon chip is bonded with the heat-resistant glass by using a bonding process, and the copper metallization process on the surface of the silicon chip can be completed by using electroplating. And finally, removing the silicon wafer on the surface by utilizing an etching technology to obtain the copper metal wafer with the bionic plant super-hydrophilic microstructure (6) on the surface. And rolling the copper sheet and welding the copper sheet into a tube shell, welding one end of the tube shell and the end cover into a whole, filling working medium into the tube shell, and vacuumizing the heat pipe. And welding the other end socket of the tube shell to form the I-shaped heat pipe (9). The bionic heat pipe set (4) is manufactured by bending at a proper position to manufacture an L-shaped heat pipe (8) with a special shape and welding a plurality of L-shaped heat pipes (8) and I-shaped heat pipes (9) with different sizes on two copper sheets.
6. According to the claim 1, four heat flow sensors (14) are arranged on the thin-wall copper plate (10) of the bionic heat pipe set (4), and four heat monitoring areas are selected in the areas where the heat of the battery single bodies (5) is concentrated near the pole lugs and the middle of the battery. The average value of the heat flow measured by the four heat flow sensors (14) and the heat flow close to the lug area are respectively compared with a standard set value, the flow of the bottom cooling/heating plate (2) is controlled together, and the temperature of the battery is maintained within an ideal working temperature range.
7. When the external environment is a low-temperature environment and the automobile is in a long-time parking state, the upper part of the bionic heat pipe set (4) is changed from an evaporation end to a condensation end, and the bionic heat pipe set (4) transfers the heat of the bottom cooling/heating plate (2) to the battery monomer (5) for preheating. At the moment, acetone on the upper parts of the L-shaped heat pipe (8) and the I-shaped heat pipe (9) is changed from gas state to liquid state, and returns to the lower parts of the L-shaped heat pipe (8) and the I-shaped heat pipe (9) along the liquid drop backflow wall, namely the evaporation end. The bottom cold/hot plate (2) is changed from the cooling plate when the battery works normally to the heating plate. The evaporation end and the condensation end of the whole refrigeration system are also exchanged to become a heat pump system.
8. When the external environment is a high-temperature environment and the automobile is under high-load working conditions such as acceleration, climbing and the like, the heat production of the battery is greatly increased. The original bionic heat pipe set (4) and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2) have insufficient cooling capacity, so that the heat management system is not matched with the current working condition. Thus, the refrigerant flow is adjusted to the maximum flow of this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat transfer flow of the bionic heat pipe set (4) is increased, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the high-load running working condition are ensured.
9. When the external environment is a high-temperature environment and the automobile is in a low-load working condition, the heat generated by the battery is greatly reduced under a high load. The prior bionic heat pipe set (4) and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2) have the excess capacity which is not matched with the current working condition. Thus regulating the refrigerant flow to a smaller flow to this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the lower condensation end and the cooling capacity of the upper evaporation end of the bionic heat pipe set (4) are reduced, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the low-load running condition are ensured.
10. When the external environment is a low-temperature environment and the automobile is under high-load working conditions such as acceleration, climbing and the like, the heat production of the battery is increased rapidly. The cooling capacity of the original bionic heat pipe set (4) and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2) is insufficient and is not matched with the current working condition. The refrigerant flow should be adjusted to the larger flow of this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the condensation end and the cooling capacity of the evaporation end of the heat pipe are increased, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the high-load running working condition are ensured.
11. When the external environment is a low-temperature environment and the automobile is in a low-load working condition, the heat generated by the battery is greatly reduced under a high load. The prior bionic heat pipe set (4) and the bottom-mounted cold/hot plate (2) have the excess capacity which is not matched with the current working condition. The refrigerant flow should be adjusted to the minimum flow to this refrigeration system. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the lower condensation end of the heat pipe and the cooling capacity of the upper evaporation end of the heat pipe are reduced, and the optimal working temperature and performance of the battery under the low-load running working condition are ensured.
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