CN204854386U - Biomimetic structure condensing heat -transfer pipe and heat exchanger - Google Patents
Biomimetic structure condensing heat -transfer pipe and heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN204854386U CN204854386U CN201520191589.8U CN201520191589U CN204854386U CN 204854386 U CN204854386 U CN 204854386U CN 201520191589 U CN201520191589 U CN 201520191589U CN 204854386 U CN204854386 U CN 204854386U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a biomimetic structure condensing heat -transfer pipe and heat exchanger, according to the utility model discloses a bellied biomimetic structure condensation heating surface of hydrophilicity that distributes in the super -hydrophobic basement (having nanometer yardstick micro -structure) is prepared into with ordinary condensing heat -transfer pipe surface to the biomimetic structure heat -transfer pipe, and utilizing rib -like structure and face above that to offer mother and sons' rib structural approach square or the zigzag recess, to generate the three -dimensional extension of two peacekeepings surperficial. This biomimetic structure condensing heat -transfer pipe especially can be high -efficient be strengthened the vapour condensation that contains the incoagulable gas and is conducted heat, and the disturbance destroys incoagulable gas thermal resistance layer, can form stable pearl condensation on the heat -transfer pipe surface. The utility model discloses can realize the high -efficient condensation heat transfer of industry vapour to improve energy efficiency, more be applicable to the medium and small difference in temperature heat transfer occasion in industry field and use.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of heat-transfer pipe being widely used in realizing in multiple industrial circles such as the energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, refrigeration steam high-efficiency condensation, is specifically related to a kind of biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe and has the heat exchanger of this heat-transfer pipe.
Background technology
Steam condensing diabatic process is extensively present in using energy source, chemical industry, metallurgical, in many industrial circles such as refrigeration, it is the important step realizing energy-saving and emission-reduction that the high efficiente callback of steam condensing latent heat utilizes, especially under incoagulable gas existent condition, steam is in tube surface generation condensation, at liquid film or the air film layer that can be formed between drop and mist based on incoagulable gas, steam must overcome incoagulability air film layer resistance and be passed to gas-liquid interface and condensation could occur, add resistance to mass tranfer, and the existence of incoagulability air film layer makes the driving force of heat transfer reduce, seriously undermine condensation heat transfer performance.In gas fired-boiler Latent heat removal process, incoagulable gas volume content accounts for about 80%, and steam volume content accounts for about 20%; In the chemical industries such as coal synthesis ammonia, containing the component such as hydrogen, methane in finished product ammonia, these components with finished product ammonia to ammonia compression refrigeration workshop section, formation incoagulable gas can be discharged, reclaim in the process of a part of ammonia in cooling condensation, the volume content of incoagulable gas reaches about 90%, makes ammonia steam condensing diabatic process complicated, increases power consumption and make penalty; Simultaneously along with energy-conservation with the technical need of material-saving, also higher condensation heat transfer performance index is proposed to condenser in refrigeration industry.As can be seen here, it is wide that steam condensing heat transfer relates to territory, fully reclaims the sensible heat in steam condensing process and latent heat, to improving China's fossil energy comprehensive utilization ratio and promoting that industrial energy saving is significant.
Different in the wetting characteristics of the surface of solids from condensate liquid according to surface of solids microstructure, steam condensing form can be divided into film condensation and pearl condensation usually.Relative to film condensation, pearl condensation is the more efficient heat transfer type of one, its condensation coefficient will improve 1-2 the order of magnitude than film condensation, if this process can be realized in commercial Application, significantly will reduce heat transfer area, thus can energy-saving effect be obtained, can equipment cost be reduced again, have significant economy and environment benefit.But pearl condensation is a dynamic circulation process comprising drop coring, growth, merging and disengaging, is also one and there is Analysis On Multi-scale Features and the complex process by multifactor impact.Pearl is condensate in the surface condition depending on heat-transfer pipe wall to a great extent, and industrially it is a kind of more difficult realization and unstable condensate form.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model aims to provide the condensing heat-transfer pipe of a kind of high efficiente callback steam and organic vapor sensible heat and latent heat and has its heat exchanger, especially under incoagulable gas existent condition, can effectively weaken incoagulable gas thermoresistance layer, realize the heat transfer of steam high-efficiency condensation.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe, comprise heat-transfer pipe base tube, and be arranged on the super-hydrophobic basalis of heat-transfer pipe base tube outer surface, described super-hydrophobic substrate surface is provided with hydrophily projection, the hydrophily projection on super-hydrophobic basalis and its surface forms biomimetic features surface, forms biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe by the biomimetic features surface of heat-transfer pipe base tube and its outer surface.
The cast of described heat-transfer pipe base tube is pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular channel, round rectangle passage, drop shaped tube, flat tube or porous flat pipe.
The material of described heat-transfer pipe base tube is copper, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminium or nano-porous structure pottery.
Described heat-transfer pipe base tube equivalent external diameter is 2-300mm.
Described heat-transfer pipe base tube internal equivalent diameter is 1-300mm.
Described hydrophily projection is spherical, elliposoidal, tetrahedron, hexahedron, column or pin spike-like structures, with unordered or be arranged on super-hydrophobicity basalis equally spacedly at random, and the spacing of adjacent hydrophily projection is 0.5-50mm, wherein, equidistantly arrangement is divided into in-line arrangement and fork row two kinds of structures.
Described column structure hydrophily is protruding is 0-90 ° with the tubular axis angle β of heat-transfer pipe base tube, and column structure hydrophily convex top offers evenly distributed square or zigzag groove.
It is protruding that column structure hydrophily projection is divided into the protruding and hydrophilic temper of hydrophilic sexupara by described square or zigzag groove, hydrophilic sexupara projection is base for post bottom column structure hydrophily projection, and hydrophilic temper projection is for column structure hydrophily convex top is by the interval prism after separating.
The length of described square or zigzag groove is 0.01-30mm, and hydrophilic temper is protruding is 0.1-1 with the aspect ratio of hydrophilic sexupara projection; The height L of described hydrophily projection and the ratio of heat-transfer pipe base tube equivalent external diameter are 0.01-0.5.
Correspondingly, the utility model gives a kind of heat exchanger, comprises heat-transfer pipe assembly, and described heat-transfer pipe assembly is the heat-transfer pipe assembly that biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe is formed.
The utility model prepares the biomimetic features surface super-hydrophobic substrate (having nanoscale micro-structural) having hydrophily projection in conventional condensation formula tube surface, the hydrophily of base tube outer surface and super-hydrophobicity regional integration structure, hydrophily and super-hydrophobicity region are organically combined, the hydrophily projection on super-hydrophobic basalis and its surface constitutes biomimetic features surface.Different according to surface texture, be divided into Four types: the first kind, hydrophily projection is distributed in super-hydrophobicity substrate at random disorderly; Equations of The Second Kind, hydrophily projection is equidistantly arranged in super-hydrophobicity substrate, and the arrangement of its intermediate reach is divided into in-line arrangement and fork row two kinds of structures; 3rd class, hydrophily projection is arranged in super-hydrophobicity substrate with rib-like structure equally spacedly; 4th class, hydrophily projection is equidistantly arranged in super-hydrophobic substrate with rib-like structure, and hydrophily ribbed convex top offers evenly distributed square or incised groove.
The utility model provides the condensing heat-transfer pipe on the biomimetic features surface of a kind of hydrophily and the combination of super-hydrophobicity region and has its heat exchanger.When the mist of steam or incoagulable gas and steam flows through this biomimetic features tube surface, steam condensing is not only that " the active gesture " on biomimetic features surface and the temperature difference of steam and wall form the driving force of steam condensing jointly because the temperature difference drives.Meanwhile, the super hydrophobic surface structure around hydrophily projection also contributes to the poly-of drop and grows up.This advantage will efficiently strengthen the heat-transfer character of pearl condensation, simultaneously, super-hydrophobicity substrate surface has the little surface characteristic of resistance to rolling, be conducive to drop to roll, under certain steam flow conditions, condensing droplet is easier to come off from tube surface, effectively can limit the holdup time of the globule in tube surface.And when incoagulable gas exists, the nanoscale micro-structural that super-hydrophobic basalis has, incoagulable gas can be caught, form solid-liquid-vapor interface, reduce solid-liquid contact area, thus the surface of solids is reduced the viscous force of drop, this biomimetic features surface even can drive droplet coalescence that the motions such as spring occur, incoagulable gas boundary layer perturbation can be aggravated, significantly reduce heat transfer resistance.For the 3rd class and the 4th class biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe, utilize ribbed hydrophily bulge-structure and the methods such as square or incised groove of offering in the above generate special two and three dimensions extended surface, change the surface tension distribution of condensate film in hydrophily projection, reducer film thickness greatly, and guide condensate liquid at groove quick collecting, accelerate drop in pearl condensation process formed and dredge fast, heat-transfer effect is significantly improved.Due to above-mentioned advantage of the present utility model, be more suitable for the medium and small different transfer of heat applications of industrial circle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, forms a application's part, does not form improper restriction of the present utility model, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 (a) is hydrophilic surface wetability schematic diagram, and Fig. 1 (b) is super hydrophobic surface wetability schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the biomimetic features schematic surface of the protruding no regularity distribution of first kind hydrophily.
Fig. 3 is the biomimetic features schematic surface of ribbed hydrophily projection.
Fig. 4 (a) is for ribbed hydrophily projection being offered the biomimetic features schematic surface of square groove, and Fig. 4 (b) is for ribbed hydrophily projection being offered the biomimetic features schematic surface of incised groove.
Figure 5 shows that the condensation process schematic diagram of biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, be used for explaining the utility model in this illustrative examples of the present utility model and explanation, but not as to restriction of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model be conventional condensation formula tube surface prepare hydrophily projection 1 be distributed in super-hydrophobic substrate 2 biomimetic features surface.By surface modifying method, surface surface contact angle θ being less than 90 ° calls hydrophilic surface; Usually the surface that surface contact angle θ is greater than 150 ° is called super hydrophobic surface.When drop soaks hydrophilic surface, solid-liquid contact area is comparatively large, and the state presented is as shown in Fig. 1 (a); For the super hydrophobic surface with nanoscale micro-structural, its wetability is as shown in Fig. 1 (b), the micro-structural of nanoscale can catch incoagulable gas, solid-liquid interface is become solid-liquid-aerosphere face, the contact area of liquid and solid can reduce greatly, thus the surface of solids is reduced the viscous force of drop, effectively reduces the detachment frequency of drop, drop resistance to rolling on super hydrophobic surface is less simultaneously, more easily departs from surface.
As shown in figs 2-4, hydrophily and super-hydrophobicity regional integration structure on biomimetic features heat-transfer pipe base tube outer surface, organically combine hydrophilic region and super-hydrophobicity region, different according to surface texture, is divided into Four types:
The first kind, hydrophily protruding 1 is distributed in (see Fig. 2) in super-hydrophobicity substrate 2 at random disorderly.
Equations of The Second Kind, hydrophily projection 1 is equidistantly arranged in super-hydrophobicity substrate 2, and the arrangement of its intermediate reach is divided into in-line arrangement and fork row two kinds of structures.
In the first kind and Equations of The Second Kind biomimetic features condensing tube surface, the shape of hydrophily projection 1 is spherical, the random geometry such as elliposoidal, tetrahedron, hexahedron, column, pin shape, protruding 1 spacing of adjacent hydrophily is 0.5-50mm, and the height of projection L of hydrophily projection 1 and the ratio of heat-transfer pipe base tube 3 equivalent external diameter are 0.01-0.5.
3rd class, hydrophily projection 1 is arranged in (see Fig. 3) in super-hydrophobicity substrate 2 equally spacedly with rib-like structure.
4th class, hydrophily projection 1 is equidistantly arranged in super-hydrophobic substrate 2 with rib-like structure, and hydrophily ribbed convex top offers evenly distributed square groove 1c (see Fig. 4 (a)) or incised groove 1c (see Fig. 4 (b)), ribbed hydrophily projection 1 is divided into the protruding 1a of hydrophilic sexupara and the protruding 1b of hydrophilic temper by this groove 1c, the protruding 1a of hydrophilic sexupara is base for post bottom column structure hydrophily projection 1, and the protruding 1b of hydrophilic temper is protruding 1 top of column structure hydrophily by the interval prism after separating.
In 3rd class and the 4th class biomimetic features condensing tube surface, hydrophily projection 1 is regularly arranged on super-hydrophobic basalis 2 with rib-like structure, protruding 1 spacing of adjacent hydrophily is 0.5-50mm, and ribbed hydrophily protruding 1 is 0-90 ° with the tubular axis angle β of heat-transfer pipe base tube 3.
The square groove 1c that 4th class biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe outer surface is offered or the average length of incised groove 1c is equal is 0.01-30mm, the protruding 1a of hydrophilic sexupara is 0.1-1 with the aspect ratio of hydrophilic temper projection 1b.
The cast of the utility model heat-transfer pipe base tube 3 is pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular channel, round rectangle passage, drop shaped tube, flat tube or porous flat pipe; The material of heat-transfer pipe base tube 3 is copper, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminium or nano-porous structure pottery.Heat-transfer pipe base tube 3 equivalent external diameter is 2-300mm, and heat-transfer pipe base tube 3 internal equivalent diameter is 1-300mm.
As shown in Figure 5, steam is in biomimetic features condensing tube surface generation convection current condensation, and when wall surface temperature is lower than dew-point temperature, steam drives jointly in the surface-active gesture of the temperature difference and hydrophily projection 1 that to issue raw food solidifying.The condensation process occurred on this biomimetic features surface is a multiple dimensioned complex process, mainly comprises vapor sorption, coring becomes to drip, polymerization is grown up and the link such as disengaging.Because hydrophilic region surface free energy is higher, first near the hydrophily protruding 1 that surface-active gesture is higher, there is absorption mass transfer in the vapour molecule near near wall, when temperature is reduced to below dew-point temperature, sorption in strongly hydrophilic projection 1, along with the carrying out of this process, hydrophily projection 1 polymerize gradually the condensate liquid of thin layer, meanwhile, the surface tension of condensate liquid and absorption potential are by steam around further sorption.When condensate liquid spread is to hydrophily protruding 1 and super-hydrophobicity substrate 2 junction, then can be upspring because of the super-hydrophobicity of substrate, condensate liquid then can increase at thickness direction subsequently, and gradually forms drop.Due to size and the arrangement mode of hydrophily projection 1, partial drop will be rebounded in projection 1, thus accelerate the formation of drop.To grow up link in polymerization, the drop that in hydrophily projection 1, diameter is less can not come off, with the contact of contiguous drop and and be polymerized, continue afterwards to grow up.Finally, condensing droplet reaches certain size, is rolled on the super-hydrophobicity basalis 2 of surrounding gradually, departs from from tube surface.The biomimetic features surface that super-hydrophobicity basalis 2 and hydrophily protruding 1 are formed jointly can not only play the effect promoting that drop is formed, utilize the quick elicitation effect of super-hydrophobic basalis 2 pairs of drops simultaneously, under certain flow rate condition, the disengaging speed of condensing droplet is accelerated, the pearl condensation update cycle can be made to shorten, strengthening pearl condensation heat transfer, and this biomimetic features effectively can increase the heat transfer area of steam and wall.Special needs to be pointed out is, when incoagulable gas exists, the nanoscale micro-structural that super-hydrophobic basalis 2 has, incoagulable gas can be caught, form solid-liquid-vapor interface, thus the surface of solids is reduced the viscous force of drop, droplet coalescence even induces the motions such as spring, further acceleration drop departs from surface, exacerbates the disturbance of drop to around incoagulable gas thermoresistance layer simultaneously, reduces heat transfer resistance.Therefore, this utility model has given full play to the feature of hydrophily and super-hydrophobicity structure, effectively can strengthen steam condensing heat transfer, reach the object of high efficiente callback steam sensible heat and latent heat.In addition, super-hydrophobicity substrate 2 has the little feature of resistance to rolling, utilizes condensing droplet to roll, and under certain flow rate condition, the disengaging speed of condensing droplet is accelerated, and can strengthen condensation effect further.For the 3rd class and the 4th class biomimetic features condensing tube surface, utilize ribbed hydrophily bulge-structure and the methods such as square or incised groove of offering in the above generate special two and three dimensions extended surface, because the protruding 1a of hydrophilic sexupara is different from the curvature of the diverse location of the protruding 1b of son, cause the protruding 1 condense on surfaces liquid film surface tension distribution of hydrophily different, thus reducer film thickness, and condensate liquid can be guided in hydrophily projection 1 to accelerate flowing and collect due to groove 1c structure, condensate liquid is prevented to be detained in hydrophily convex surfaces, accelerate it to contact with super-hydrophobic substrate 2, more be conducive to the quick formation of drop in the pearl condensation process of biomimetic features condensing tube surface and dredge, heat-transfer effect is significantly improved.
Adopt biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe of the present utility model can form a kind of biomimetic features condensing heat exchanger, this heat transfer equipment is for the feature of biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe.
Above the technical scheme that the utility model embodiment provides is described in detail, apply specific case herein to set forth the principle of the utility model embodiment and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to the principle helping to understand the utility model embodiment; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the utility model embodiment, detailed description of the invention and range of application all will change, and in sum, this description should not be construed as restriction of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. a biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe, comprise heat-transfer pipe base tube (3), and be arranged on the super-hydrophobic basalis (2) of heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) outer surface, described super-hydrophobic basalis (2) surface is provided with hydrophily projection (1), the hydrophily projection (1) on super-hydrophobic basalis (2) and its surface forms biomimetic features surface, forms biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe by the biomimetic features surface of heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) and its outer surface;
Described hydrophily projection (1) is spherical, elliposoidal, tetrahedron, hexahedron, column or pin spike-like structures, with unordered or be arranged on super-hydrophobicity basalis (2) equally spacedly at random, and the spacing of adjacent hydrophily projection is 0.5-50mm, wherein, equidistantly arrangement is divided into in-line arrangement and fork row two kinds of structures;
Described column structure hydrophily projection (1) is 0-90 ° with the tubular axis angle β of heat-transfer pipe base tube, it is characterized in that: evenly distributed zigzag groove (1c) is offered at column structure hydrophily projection (1) top; Column structure hydrophily projection (1) is divided into hydrophilic sexupara projection (1a) and hydrophilic temper projection (1b) by described zigzag groove (1c), hydrophilic sexupara projection (1a) is column structure hydrophily projection (1) bottom base for post, and hydrophilic temper projection (1b) is for column structure hydrophily projection (1) top is by the interval prism after separating.
2. biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length of described zigzag groove (1c) is 0.01-30mm, hydrophilic temper projection (1b) is 0.1-1 with the aspect ratio of hydrophilic sexupara projection (1a); The height L of described hydrophily projection (1) and the ratio of heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) equivalent external diameter are 0.01-0.5.
3. biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cast of described heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) is pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular channel, round rectangle passage, drop shaped tube, flat tube or porous flat pipe.
4. biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) is copper, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminium or nano-porous structure pottery.
5. biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) equivalent external diameter is 2-300mm.
6. biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat-transfer pipe base tube (3) internal equivalent diameter is 1-300mm.
7. based on a heat exchanger prepared by the biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe described in claim 1-6, comprise heat-transfer pipe assembly, it is characterized in that, described heat-transfer pipe assembly is the heat-transfer pipe assembly that biomimetic features condensing heat-transfer pipe is formed.
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| CN114993096A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-09-02 | 上海交通大学 | Surface hydrophilic modified enhanced heat transfer and transmission mass pipe |
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