CN110938268A - 一种高耐磨pvc-c复合管材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高耐磨pvc-c复合管材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110938268A
CN110938268A CN201911219743.7A CN201911219743A CN110938268A CN 110938268 A CN110938268 A CN 110938268A CN 201911219743 A CN201911219743 A CN 201911219743A CN 110938268 A CN110938268 A CN 110938268A
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邱桥平
汪磊
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Rifeng Enterprise Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高耐磨PVC‑C复合管材及其制备方法，所述管材具有双层结构，包括外层和耐磨内层，所述耐磨内层的制备原料包括：PVC‑C树脂、稀土复合稳定剂、抗冲改性剂、润滑剂、耐磨剂A、耐磨剂B、耐磨剂C和抗氧化剂；所述外层的制备原料包括：PVC‑C树脂、稀土复合稳定剂、抗冲改性剂、润滑剂、填充剂和抗氧化剂；所述耐磨剂A为碳化硅微粉；所述耐磨剂B为石墨；所述耐磨剂C为氧化铝。本发明PVC‑C管材具有双层结构，内层结构设计以耐磨为主，通过优选碳化硅、石墨和氧化铝作为耐磨剂，三者相互协同，可显著提高管材的耐磨性能，有效解决PVC‑C管材因磨损而出现漏水、渗水、破裂的问题，延长了PVC‑C管材的使用寿命。

Description

一种高耐磨PVC-C复合管材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于塑料管道技术领域，具体涉及一种高耐磨PVC-C复合管材及其制备方法。
背景技术
PVC-C管材具有摩擦阻力小、环刚度高、耐腐蚀性好、耐候性能好、性价比高以及维护成本低等特点，广泛应用于工业排污和化学工程等领域，但PVC-C管材耐磨性较差，PVC-C管材用于输送电石厂、铁矿厂等工矿企业所生产的含有废矿渣的液体时，因长时间与废渣接触摩擦而使壁厚变薄导致管道漏水、渗水、破裂等现象，磨耗是致使PVC-C管材破坏、使用寿命缩短的因素之一。
为解决PVC-C管材耐磨性能不足的问题，保证管材不会因长时间与废渣接触摩擦而出现漏水、渗水、破裂等现象，有必要开发一种具备高耐磨性能的氯化聚氯乙烯复合管道。
发明内容
基于此，针对上述技术问题，本发明旨在提供一种高耐磨PVC-C复合管材及其制备方法。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，所述管材具有双层结构，包括外层和耐磨内层，所述耐磨内层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂50～150份、稀土复合稳定剂5～10份、抗冲改性剂3～10份、润滑剂0.1～3份、耐磨剂A 5～10份、耐磨剂B 5～10份、耐磨剂C 5～10份和抗氧化剂0.1～2份；
所述外层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂50～150份、稀土复合稳定剂5～10份、抗冲改性剂3～10份、润滑剂0.1～3份、填充剂2～5份和抗氧化剂0.1～2份；
所述耐磨剂A为碳化硅微粉；所述耐磨剂B为石墨；所述耐磨剂C为氧化铝。
作为优选的方案，所述耐磨内层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂100～120份、稀土复合稳定剂6～10份、抗冲改性剂6～10份、润滑剂0.5～2份、耐磨剂A 6～10份、耐磨剂B 6～10份、耐磨剂C 6～10份和抗氧化剂0.3～1份；
所述外层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂100～120份、稀土复合稳定剂6～10份、抗冲改性剂6～10份、润滑剂0.5～2份、填充剂3～5份和抗氧化剂0.3～1份。
作为优选的方案，所述PVC-C树脂含氯量为67％～70％,使用含氯量在此范围内的PVC-C树脂可以保证PVC-C管的物理性能和防腐蚀能力；
作为优选的方案，所述外层与耐磨内层的厚度比例为1：0.1～1,在此厚度范围内的管材的长期耐压性能较佳。
粒径过粗的碳化硅会明显降低管材的物理性能，因为太大的碳化硅对于管材而言是杂质的存在，同时粒径太粗的碳化硅容易对挤出机的螺杆和机筒造成磨损。作为优选的方案，本发明所述碳化硅微粉粒度为P1000～P1200。
氧化铝的目数对管材的耐磨性能和物理性能具有较大的影响，粒径大的氧化铝耐磨系数高，耐磨性能好，但是会降低PVC-C树脂的物理性能；而粒径细的氧化铝不会明显降低PVC-C树脂的物理性能，而且在混合时容易分散均匀，不对挤出机的螺杆机筒产生较大的磨损，但是粒径越细，耐磨系数就越小，耐磨性能就会大幅下降，起不到提高管材耐磨的效果。作为优选的方案，本发明所述氧化铝的目数为1500～2500目。通过实验证明，在管材中加入此范围内的氧化铝不会影响PVC-C树脂的物理性能，对挤出机磨损小，且耐磨系数较高。
作为优选的方案，所述稀土复合稳定剂为包含稀土元素的乙酰丙酮盐或脂肪酸盐，所述稀土元素为镧元素、镨元素或钕元素中的一种。所述抗冲改性剂为MBS树脂或ACR树脂。
作为优选的方案，所述润滑剂包括内润滑剂和/或外润滑剂，所述内润滑剂为脂肪酸酯类和/或金属皂类润滑剂；所述外润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡和/或氧化聚乙烯蜡。
作为优选的方案，所述内层和所述外层原料还包括颜料0.1～1份，所述颜料为钛白粉和炭黑的混合物，钛白粉和炭黑的质量比为2：0.5～1.5；所述填充剂为碳酸钙或滑石粉；所述抗氧化剂为β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种制备上述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材的方法，包括以下步骤：
A)将所述耐磨内层和外层各原料组分分别加入到不同的高低混料机中，混合到110～130℃时转入冷混，降温至40～50℃，得到混合均匀的混配料；
B)将上述混配料加入平行双螺杆挤出机的不同加料斗中，通过双层共挤模具进行挤出，经过定型冷却后切割，即得，其中机筒温度为150～180℃，模具温度为160～210℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1)本发明PVC-C管材具有双层结构，内层结构设计以耐磨为主，通过优选碳化硅、石墨和氧化铝作为耐磨剂，三者相互协同，可显著提高管材的耐磨性能，有效解决PVC-C管材因磨损而出现漏水、渗水、破裂的问题，延长了PVC-C管材的使用寿命。
2)本发明采用无毒无铅环保的稀土复合稳定剂生产，不但改善了PVC-C因熔体黏度大、难生产的问题，而且得到了耐高温、防腐、抗压、抗菌、耐酸碱性和不易老化的管材，其维卡软化温度达到110℃以上。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方法，对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下实施例。
实施例中，所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法，所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到，如稀土稳定剂来源于市售，购于包头稀土研究院生产的”稀牛“牌BRE-G系列稀土复合稳定剂。
实施例一、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明实施例管材由以下质量份数的原料制成：
耐磨内层：PVC-C树脂100份、稀土复合稳定剂6份、聚乙烯蜡0.3份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.5份、单甘酯0.5份、MBS树脂8份、碳化硅微粉10份(粒度为P1000)、石墨10份、氧化铝10份(目数1500目)、β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯0.5份、钛白粉和炭黑按质量比2:1组成的混合物0.5份。
外层：PVC-C树脂100份、稀土复合稳定剂6份、聚乙烯蜡0.3份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.5份、单甘酯0.5份、MBS树脂8份、活性轻质碳酸钙5份、β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯0.5份、钛白粉和炭黑按质量比2:1组成的混合物0.5份。
制备方法：
将耐磨内层和外层各组分原料按上述重量份数分别放入高低速混料机组进行搅拌，其中高速混合物料温度控制在120℃，低速混合物料温度控制在50℃；将冷混好的混配料分别加入平行双螺杆挤出机不同的下料斗中进行双层共挤，平行双螺杆挤出机的机筒温度设置为150～180℃，模具温度为160～210℃。
实施例二、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明实施例管材由以下质量份数的原料制成：
耐磨内层：PVC-C树脂100份、稀土复合稳定剂7份、聚乙烯蜡0.2份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.3份、单甘酯0.3份、MBS树脂10份、碳化硅微粉5份(粒度为P1000)、石墨5份、氧化铝5份(目数1500目)、β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯0.5份、钛白粉和炭黑按质量比2:1组成的混合物0.5份。
外层：PVC-C树脂100份、稀土复合稳定剂6份、聚乙烯蜡0.3份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.5份、单甘酯0.5份、MBS树脂8份、活性轻质碳酸钙5份、β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯0.5份、钛白粉和炭黑按质量比2:1组成的混合物0.5份。
实施例三、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明实施例管材由以下质量份数的原料制成：
耐磨内层：PVC-C树脂100份、稀土复合稳定剂10份、聚乙烯蜡0.3份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.4份、单甘酯0.5份、MBS树脂8份、碳化硅微粉8份(粒度为P1000)、石墨8份、氧化铝8份(目数1500目)、β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯0.5份、钛白粉和炭黑按质量比2:1组成的混合物0.5份。
外层：PVC-C树脂100份、稀土复合稳定剂6份、聚乙烯蜡0.3份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.5份、单甘酯0.5份、MBS树脂8份、活性轻质碳酸钙5份、β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯0.5份、钛白粉和炭黑按质量比2:1组成的混合物0.5份。
对比例一、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明对比例一与实施例一的区别在于，耐磨剂为碳化硅，碳化硅的含量增加至30份，其余参数与实施例一相同。
对比例二、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明对比例二与实施例一的区别在于，耐磨剂为石墨，石墨的含量增加至30份，其余参数与实施例一相同。
对比例三、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明对比例三与实施例一的区别在于，耐磨剂为氧化铝，氧化铝的含量增加至30份，其余参数与实施例一相同。
对比例四、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明对比例四与实施例一的区别在于，耐磨剂为碳化硅和氧化铝，碳化硅和氧化铝的含量分别增加至15份，其余参数与实施例一相同。
对比例五、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明对比例五与实施例一的区别在于，耐磨剂为石墨和氧化铝，石墨和氧化铝的含量分别增加至15份，其余参数与实施例一相同。
对比例六、一种高耐磨PVC-C管材
本发明对比例六与实施例一的区别在于，耐磨剂为石墨和碳化硅，石墨和碳化硅的含量分别增加至15份，其余参数与实施例一相同。
试验例一、管材性能测试
取上述实施例一～三及对比例一～六制备的管材，按照GB/T18998.2-2003标准对其性能进行测试(表1)，测试结果如下表2所示：
表1测试标准
测试项目 测试标准
密度/(Kg/m3) 1450～1650
维卡软化点 ≥110℃
纵向回缩率 ≤5％
抗冲击性能 0℃，TIR≤10％
长期静液压 95℃，环应力4.6Mpa，1000h，无破裂无渗漏
耐磨性 内层磨损量g/1000r
表2性能测试结果
Figure BDA0002300472490000061
注：与实施例一组相比，*P＜0.05；**P＜0.01。
由上表2可以看出，加入三种耐磨剂的实施例一～三耐磨性最优，管材平均内层磨损量仅为0.001～0.002g/1000r；而采用其中两两组合或者单独使用均会明显影响管材的耐磨性，与实施例一组相比均存在显著性差异(P＜0.01)，这说明碳化硅+石墨+氧化铝三者联用作为耐磨剂取得了协同增效的作用。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所述技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

1.一种高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述管材具有双层结构，包括外层和耐磨内层，所述耐磨内层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂50～150份、稀土复合稳定剂5～10份、抗冲改性剂3～10份、润滑剂0.1～3份、耐磨剂A 5～10份、耐磨剂B 5～10份、耐磨剂C 5～10份和抗氧化剂0.1～2份；
所述外层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂50～150份、稀土复合稳定剂5～10份、抗冲改性剂3～10份、润滑剂0.1～3份、填充剂2～5份和抗氧化剂0.1～2份；
所述耐磨剂A为碳化硅微粉；所述耐磨剂B为石墨；所述耐磨剂C为氧化铝。
2.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述耐磨内层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂100～120份、稀土复合稳定剂6～10份、抗冲改性剂6～10份、润滑剂0.5～2份、耐磨剂A 6～10份、耐磨剂B 6～10份、耐磨剂C 6～10份和抗氧化剂0.3～1份；
所述外层的制备原料包括：
PVC-C树脂100～120份、稀土复合稳定剂6～10份、抗冲改性剂6～10份、润滑剂0.5～2份、填充剂3～5份和抗氧化剂0.3～1份。
3.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述PVC-C树脂含氯量为67％～70％；所述外层与耐磨内层的厚度比例为1：0.1～1。
4.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述碳化硅微粉粒度为P1000～P1200。
5.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述氧化铝的目数为1500～2500目。
6.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述稀土复合稳定剂为包含稀土元素的乙酰丙酮盐或脂肪酸盐，所述稀土元素为镧元素、镨元素或钕元素中的一种；所述抗冲改性剂为MBS树脂或ACR树脂。
7.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述润滑剂包括内润滑剂和/或外润滑剂，所述内润滑剂为脂肪酸酯类和/或金属皂类润滑剂；所述外润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡和/或氧化聚乙烯蜡。
8.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述内层和所述外层原料还包括颜料0.1～1份，所述颜料为钛白粉和炭黑的混合物，所述钛白粉和所述炭黑的质量比为2：0.5～1.5。
9.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材，其特征在于，所述填充剂为碳酸钙或滑石粉；所述抗氧化剂为β-(4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苯基)丙酸正十八酯。
10.一种制备如权利要求1～9任一项所述的高耐磨PVC-C复合管材的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
A)将所述耐磨内层和外层各原料组分分别加入到不同的高低混料机中，混合到110～130℃时转入冷混，降温至40～50℃，得到混合均匀的混配料；
B)将上述混配料加入平行双螺杆挤出机的不同加料斗中，通过双层共挤模具进行挤出，经过定型冷却后切割，即得，其中机筒温度为150～180℃，模具温度为160～210℃。
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