CN110932687A - Alternating current stacking power amplifier - Google Patents
Alternating current stacking power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN110932687A CN110932687A CN201911348627.5A CN201911348627A CN110932687A CN 110932687 A CN110932687 A CN 110932687A CN 201911348627 A CN201911348627 A CN 201911348627A CN 110932687 A CN110932687 A CN 110932687A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/217—Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
Abstract
The invention discloses an alternating current stacked power amplifier, which comprises an input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network, a differential alternating current stacked amplifying network and an output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of field effect transistor radio frequency power amplifiers and integrated circuits, in particular to an alternating current stacked power amplifier applied to a transmitting module of a radio frequency microwave terminal transceiver.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication systems and rf microwave circuits, rf front-end transceivers are also developing in the direction of high performance, high integration, and low power consumption. Therefore, the radio frequency and microwave power amplifiers of the transmitter are urgently required to have the performances of high output power, high gain, high efficiency, low cost and the like. However, when the integrated circuit process design is adopted to realize the chip circuit of the radio frequency and microwave power amplifier, the performance and the cost are limited to a certain extent, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) high power, high efficiency capability is limited: the typical power amplifier adopts a multi-path parallel combination structure or a distributed structure, the combination efficiency of the two structures is limited, a part of power is lost in a combination network, and the high-power and high-efficiency capability is limited.
(2) Low voltage amplification capability is limited: in order to increase the output power of the amplifier, a transistor stack structure is often used to increase the bias voltage of the amplifier and also increase the ac voltage swing. The interstage stack structure of the conventional differential stack transistor is directly connected with direct current and alternating current, and the connection structure needs high-voltage power supply and cannot adapt to the power supply trend of low voltage in the terminal of the current communication system.
Therefore, the design difficulty of the high-gain and high-power amplifier based on the integrated circuit process is as follows: high power and high efficiency output difficulty is large; the traditional stacking structure has certain defects and shortcomings under the power supply requirement of low voltage in the terminal of the current communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an alternating current stacked power amplifier, which combines the advantages of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network, the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network and the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network synthesis technology, and has the advantages of high power, high gain, low cost and the like in a microwave frequency band. Meanwhile, the amplifier can be powered by low voltage, so that the problem of high voltage power supply is solved.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an alternating current stacked power amplifier comprises an input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network, a differential alternating current stacked amplifying network and an output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network;
the input end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is the input end of the whole power amplifier, the first output end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is connected with the first input end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network, and the second output end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is connected with the second input end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network;
a first output end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is connected with a first input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network, and a second output end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is connected with a second input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network;
and the output end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network is the output end of the whole power amplifier.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the differential alternating current stacking structure, the power capacity of the power amplifier can be obviously improved under the condition of conventional low-voltage power supply, meanwhile, the deterioration of parasitic parameters on high-frequency indexes can be obviously inhibited by adopting the differential structure, and the efficiency index of the power amplifier can be improved by combining the low insertion loss characteristic of an output differential-to-single-ended power supply network.
Furthermore, an input end of the input matching single-end-to-differential power supply network is connected with an inductor Li1Inductance Li1The other end of the transformer T is connected with1Dotted terminal of primary coil and grounding capacitor Ci1Transformer T1The non-homonymous end of the primary coil of (1) is grounded; transformer T1The same-name end of the secondary coil is connected with a first output end of the input matching single-end to differential power supply network, and a transformer T1The non-homonymous end of the secondary coil is connected with a second output end of the input matching single-end-to-differential power supply network; connecting transformer T1Secondary winding center tap connection inductance Li2Inductance Li2Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endgAnd a grounding inductor Ci2。
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network adopted by the invention can realize power distribution of input radio-frequency signals, can also carry out impedance matching and phase adjustment on the radio-frequency input signals, and simultaneously realizes conversion from the single-ended signals to the differential signals, thereby ensuring the phase difference of the differential signals. Meanwhile, two power supply circuits of the differential signals are integrated into one power supply circuit, so that a power supply network is simplified.
Furthermore, the first input end of the differential alternating current stacking amplification network is connected with an inductor Lo1Inductance Lo1Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endp1Gate and inductor L ofp1Terminal a of (1), field effect transistor Mp1The source electrode of the inductor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the inductor is connected with the inductor Lq1And a capacitor Cp1Inductance Lq1Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd1And a ground capacitor Co1Capacitor Cp1Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endq1Source and ground inductance Lr1Field effect transistor Mq1Gate connection resistance Rq1Resistance Rq1Another end of the resistor R is connected with a resistor Ro1And a ground capacitor Cq1Resistance Ro1Another end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor Lp1The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq1Drain electrode of (2) is connected with a capacitor Cr1The second input end of the differential alternating current stacking amplifying network is connected with an inductor Lo2Inductance Lo2Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endp2Gate and inductor L ofp2Terminal a of (1), field effect transistor Mp2The source electrode of the inductor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the inductor is connected with the inductor Lq2And a capacitor Cp2Inductance Lq2Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd1And a ground capacitor Co1Capacitor Cp2Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endq2Source and ground inductance Lr2Field effect transistor Mq2Gate connection resistance Rq2Resistance Rq2Another end of the resistor R is connected with a resistor Ro2And a ground capacitor Cq2Resistance Rq2Another end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor Lp2The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq2Drain electrode of (2) is connected with a capacitor Cr1The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq1The drain of the differential AC stacked amplifying network is a first output end of the differential AC stacked amplifying network, and the field effect transistor Mq2The drain of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is a second output end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the core circuit adopted in the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is a transistor based on alternating current stacking, so that the gain and the power capacity of the amplifier can be remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the alternating current stacked structure does not need high-voltage power supply and can meet the requirement of low-voltage power supply in a terminal system; meanwhile, by adopting a differential signal structure, the sensitivity of the alternating current stacking network to high-frequency parasitic parameters can be reduced, and the gain and efficiency index of a high-frequency section can be improved.
Furthermore, a first input end and a second input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network are respectively connected with the transformer T2Non-dotted terminal and dotted terminal of the secondary winding of (1), transformer T2Secondary winding of the transformer has a center tap point connected with an inductor Lout1Inductance Lout1Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd2And a ground capacitor Cout1Transformer T2The non-dotted terminal of the primary coil of (A) is grounded, and a transformer T2Primary coil's dotted terminal connection inductance Lout2And a ground capacitor Cout2Inductance Lout2And the other end of the differential-to-single-ended power supply network is connected with the output end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network adopted by the invention not only can realize the power synthesis of two paths of differential radio-frequency signals, but also can convert the two paths of differential signals into single-ended signals, has small insertion loss and simultaneously ensures the output power and the efficiency of the amplifier. Meanwhile, two power supply circuits of the differential signals are integrated into one power supply circuit, so that a power supply network is simplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power amplifier of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power amplifier according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments shown and described in the drawings are merely exemplary and are intended to illustrate the principles and spirit of the invention, not to limit the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an alternating current stacked power amplifier which comprises an input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network, a differential alternating current stacked amplifying network and an output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network.
As shown in fig. 1, the input terminal of the input matching single-ended to differential power supply network is the input terminal of the whole power amplifier, the first output terminal of the input matching single-ended to differential power supply network is connected to the first input terminal of the differential ac stacked amplifying network, and the second output terminal of the input matching single-ended to differential power supply network is connected to the second input terminal of the differential ac stacked amplifying network;
a first output end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is connected with a first input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network, and a second output end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is connected with a second input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network;
and the output end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network is the output end of the whole power amplifier.
As shown in fig. 2, the input end of the input matching single-ended to differential power supply network is connected with an inductor Li1Inductance Li1The other end of the transformer T is connected with1Dotted terminal of primary coil and grounding capacitor Ci1Transformer T1The non-homonymous end of the primary coil of (1) is grounded; transformer T1The same-name end of the secondary coil is connected with a first output end of the input matching single-end to differential power supply network, and a transformer T1The non-homonymous terminal of the secondary coil of (a) is connected with a second output terminal of the input matching single-ended to differential power supply network. Connecting transformer T1Secondary winding center tap connection inductance Li2Inductance Li2Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endgAnd a grounding inductor Ci2。
The first input end of the differential alternating current stacking amplification network is connected with an inductor Lo1Inductance Lo1Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endp1Gate and inductor L ofp1Terminal a of (1), field effect transistor Mp1The source electrode of the inductor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the inductor is connected with the inductor Lq1And a capacitor Cp1Inductance Lq1Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd1And a ground capacitor Co1Capacitor Cp1Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endq1Source and ground inductance Lr1Field effect transistor Mq1Gate connection resistance Rq1Resistance Rq1Another end of the resistor R is connected with a resistor Ro1And a ground capacitor Cq1Resistance Ro1Another end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor Lp1The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq1Drain electrode of (2) is connected with a capacitor Cr1The second input end of the differential alternating current stacking amplifying network is connected with an inductor Lo2Inductance Lo2Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endp2Gate and inductor L ofp2Terminal a of (1), field effect transistor Mp2The source electrode of the inductor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the inductor is connected with the inductor Lq2And a capacitor Cp2Inductance Lq2Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd1And a ground capacitor Co1Capacitor Cp2Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endq2Source and ground inductance Lr2Field effect transistor Mq2Gate connection resistance Rq2Resistance Rq2Another end of the resistor R is connected with a resistor Ro2And a ground capacitor Cq2Resistance Rq2Another end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor Lp2The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq2Drain electrode of (2) is connected with a capacitor Cr1The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq1The drain of the differential AC stacked amplifying network is a first output end of the differential AC stacked amplifying network, and the field effect transistor Mq2The drain of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network is a second output end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network.
The first input end and the second input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network are respectively connected with a transformer T2Non-dotted terminal and dotted terminal of the secondary winding of (1), transformer T2Secondary winding of the transformer has a center tap point connected with an inductor Lout1Inductance Lout1Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd2And a ground capacitor Cout1Transformer T2The non-dotted terminal of the primary coil of (A) is grounded, and a transformer T2Primary coil's dotted terminal connection inductance Lout2And a ground capacitor Cout2Inductance Lout2And the other end of the differential-to-single-ended power supply network is connected with the output end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network.
The specific working principle and process of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 2:
radio frequency input signal through input terminal RFinThe input circuit is connected with the input matching single-end to differential power supply network for impedance conversion matching, and then the input signal and the differential signal are simultaneously connected in a differential modeThe first input end and the second input end of the alternating current stacking amplification network are subjected to power amplification through the amplification network, then are simultaneously output from the output end of the differential alternating current stacking amplification network in the form of differential signals, and are subjected to output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network, and then the two paths of signals are synthesized into a single-ended signal, and the single-ended signal is output from the output end RFoutAnd (6) outputting.
Based on the circuit analysis, the difference between the ac stacked power amplifier provided by the present invention and the previous amplifier structure based on the integrated circuit process is that the core architecture adopts an amplifier structure of differential ac stacked transistors:
the structure of the differential ac stacked transistor is different from that of the conventional single transistor, and the details thereof are not repeated herein.
The differential ac stacked transistor differs from the conventional differential stacked transistor in that: the interstage stack structure of the conventional differential stack transistor is directly connected with direct current and alternating current, and the connection structure needs high voltage power supply; and the differential alternating current stacked transistor only has connection of an alternating current signal, and the direct current bias can still adopt a conventional low-voltage power supply mode, so that the differential alternating current stacked transistor is more suitable for terminal application.
In the whole alternating current stacked power amplifier, the size of a transistor and the sizes of other resistors and capacitors are determined after the gain, bandwidth, output power and other indexes of the whole circuit are comprehensively considered, and through later-stage layout design and reasonable layout, the required indexes can be better realized, and high-power output, high-power gain, high efficiency and good input-output matching characteristics are realized.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. An alternating current stacked power amplifier is characterized by comprising an input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network, a differential alternating current stacked amplifying network and an output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network;
the input end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is the input end of the whole power amplifier, the first output end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is connected with the first input end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network, and the second output end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is connected with the second input end of the differential alternating current stacked amplifying network;
a first output end of the differential alternating current stacking amplification network is connected with a first input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network; a second output end of the differential alternating current stacking amplification network is connected with a second input end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network;
the output end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network is the output end of the whole power amplifier.
2. The AC stacked power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the input end of the input matching single-ended-to-differential power supply network is connected with an inductor Li1Inductance Li1The other end of the transformer T is connected with1The dotted terminal of the primary coil and the grounding capacitor Ci1Transformer T1The non-homonymous end of the primary coil of (1) is grounded; transformer T1The same-name end of the secondary coil is connected with a first output end of the input matching single-end to differential power supply network, and a transformer T1The non-homonymous end of the secondary coil is connected with a second output end of the input matching single-end-to-differential power supply network; transformer T1Secondary winding center tap connection inductance Li2Inductance Li2Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endgAnd a grounding inductor Ci2。
3. The AC stacked power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first input terminal of the differential AC stacked amplifying network is connected to an inductor Lo1Inductance Lo1Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endp1Gate and inductor L ofp1Terminal a of, the field effect transistor Mp1The source electrode of the inductor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the inductor is connected with the inductor Lq1And a capacitor Cp1Inductance Lq1Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd1And a ground capacitor Co1Capacitor Cp1Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endq1Source and ground inductance Lr1Field effect transistor Mq1Gate connection resistance Rq1Resistance Rq1Another end of the resistor R is connected with a resistor Ro1And a ground capacitor Cq1Resistance Ro1Another end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor Lp1The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq1Drain electrode of (2) is connected with a capacitor Cr1The second input end of the differential alternating current stacking amplifying network is connected with an inductor Lo2Inductance Lo2Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endp2Gate and inductor L ofp2Terminal a of, the field effect transistor Mp2The source electrode of the inductor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the inductor is connected with the inductor Lq2And a capacitor Cp2Inductance Lq2Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd1And a ground capacitor Co1Capacitor Cp2Is connected with the field effect transistor M at the other endq2Source and ground inductance Lr2Field effect transistor Mq2Gate connection resistance Rq2Resistance Rq2Another end of the resistor R is connected with a resistor Ro2And a ground capacitor Cq2Resistance Rq2Another end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor Lp2The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq2Drain electrode of (2) is connected with a capacitor Cr1The b terminal of (1); field effect transistor Mq1The drain of the differential alternating current stack amplifying network is a first output end of the differential alternating current stack amplifying network, and the field effect transistor Mq2The drain of (a) is a second output terminal of the differential ac stacked amplification network.
4. The AC stacked power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the output matched differential-to-single-ended power supply network are respectively connected with a transformer T2Non-dotted terminal and dotted terminal of the secondary winding of (1), transformer T2Secondary winding of the transformer has a center tap point connected with an inductor Lout1Inductance Lout1Is connected with a bias voltage V at the other endd2And a ground capacitor Cout1Transformer T2Of the primary coilTransformer T with grounding end of the same name2Primary coil's dotted terminal connection inductance Lout2And a ground capacitor Cout2Inductance Lout2And the other end of the differential-to-single-ended power supply network is connected with the output end of the output matching differential-to-single-ended power supply network.
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| CN201911348627.5A CN110932687A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Alternating current stacking power amplifier |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114362685A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-15 | 成都嘉纳海威科技有限责任公司 | Power amplifier based on high Q value differential coupling technology |
| WO2023273456A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-01-05 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Balance circuit and single-ended-to-differential amplifier |
| CN116032226A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-04-28 | 广东工业大学 | 5G communication system and power amplifier based on stacked structure broadband difference |
-
2019
- 2019-12-24 CN CN201911348627.5A patent/CN110932687A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023273456A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-01-05 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Balance circuit and single-ended-to-differential amplifier |
| CN114362685A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-15 | 成都嘉纳海威科技有限责任公司 | Power amplifier based on high Q value differential coupling technology |
| CN114362685B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-09-20 | 成都嘉纳海威科技有限责任公司 | Power amplifier based on high Q value differential coupling technology |
| CN116032226A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-04-28 | 广东工业大学 | 5G communication system and power amplifier based on stacked structure broadband difference |
| CN116032226B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-06-20 | 广东工业大学 | 5G communication system and power amplifier based on stacked structure broadband difference |
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