CN110901579B - 用于将供应软管的接头固定在opw气囊上的装置和方法 - Google Patents

用于将供应软管的接头固定在opw气囊上的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN110901579B
CN110901579B CN201910789758.0A CN201910789758A CN110901579B CN 110901579 B CN110901579 B CN 110901579B CN 201910789758 A CN201910789758 A CN 201910789758A CN 110901579 B CN110901579 B CN 110901579B
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sleeve
bracing
opw
joint
tensioning element
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CN110901579A (zh
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D·阿尔贝茨
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Global Safety Textiles GmbH
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Global Safety Textiles GmbH
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于将供应软管的接头固定在OPW气囊上的装置和方法，该装置具有撑张套筒(2)，它具有多个撑张套(4)和纵向延伸穿过撑张套筒(2)且具有设置在撑张套(4)环境中的张紧件(8)的芯杆(6)，芯杆外径大于撑张套(4)的内径。

Description

用于将供应软管的接头固定在OPW气囊上的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于将供应软管的接头固定在尤其是车辆约束系统内的OPW气囊上的装置和方法。
背景技术
例如像用在汽车领域中的充气气囊例如所谓的司机气囊或侧气囊或侧帘幕气囊必须连接至空气源或气体源、通常是气体发生器，从那里，充气气囊例如通过供应软管被供应或馈送。为了现在为了应用在汽车领域中而获得在气囊和供应软管之间的稳定连接，根据第一解决提案，气囊在其连接区具有被装入其连接口中的且连接至供应软管的硬接管，它们抗发生器接头下滑地被锁定在硬接管上。这是因为在充气过程中的高速动态而所需要的并且按照标准利用软管夹或其它机械连接件来解决。
此外，根据第二解决提案，在成型的气囊上使用至供应软管的接头，其只被插入连接口中且通过其相对于气囊材料的摩擦力保持就位。这样的气囊例如称为“预碰撞气囊”，其一般具有较小体积并且配设有尺寸较小(直径约6-8毫米)的接头。
所述气囊相对于仅适用于一次性使用的前气囊或侧气囊是针对多次使用设计的。因此，所述气囊变型被用在车座中用于车辆乘员的定位和/或“方向对准”，随后，真正的肯定要保护乘员的前气囊或侧气囊被启动。在此最后所述的用于在成型的缝合气囊上安装供应软管的接头的解决提案时十分昂贵和复杂的。
因此，该气囊变型针对所述应用目的在高的成型技术成本下制造，做法是一般从涂覆有硅氧烷的平面织物中裁切出两个形状相同的织物片段用于气囊的上侧和下侧。随后，以环绕焊缝形式将密封物质喷注在其边缘上。接着，将两个织物片段重叠并且相互连接或粘接。为了保证足够高的粘接缝强度，用于气囊的顶侧和底侧的织物片段还配设有缝合缝，其中在两个织物片层重叠和连接之前进行连接软管在气囊连接区(连接口)中定位。它在连接区域内具有与在边缘侧粘接时一样的密封物质，以便抗滑出地固定该接头。一方面，该方法是时间且成本很密集的，另一方面，将连接软管准确定位在气囊接头上只能有限实现。
因此想到了用基于OPW技术的气囊代替缝合气囊。但是，用基于OPW技术的气囊换掉成型的气囊在近年来越来越失败，如果没有例如像用软管夹将接头附加固定在气囊上则无法在连接气囊供应软管时获得足够高的强度、安全性和可靠性。此外，因为车座内的结构空间很小，故无法实现或只能很困难地实现在OPW气囊上使用软管夹。
发明内容
现在，本发明基于以下任务，提出一种将供应软管的接头固定在OPW气囊上的装置和一种用于将供应软管的接头固定在OPW气囊上的方法，可借此避免或至少明显减少现有技术的缺点。
该任务首先通过一种本发明的装置完成，即，一种用于将接头固定在OPW气囊上的装置，其特点是，该装置
a)具有撑张套筒(Spreizhülse)，该撑张套筒具有
b)多个撑张套，且
c)该装置具有纵向延伸穿过所述撑张套筒的芯杆，该芯杆具有
d)设置在所述撑张套周围的张紧件，张紧件外径大于撑张套内径。
现在，利用本发明而存在以下可能，克服从现有技术中知道的缺点，从而例如OPW气囊未来也可以被用在车座区域内。利用本发明的装置，可以获得在连接口区域内在位于那里的内腔中和也还在气囊内的连接软管的局部撑张，从而可以在气囊连接口和供应软管之间形成形状配合连接，其阻碍了供应软管从连接口拔出。通过形状配合连接的加热可以使之更长期稳固。还有利的是，当例如安装在车辆中时供应软管或许损伤时，供应软管可以顺利地从气囊中被取出，做法是它在其原先扩张的部位被加热且在轻微压力下又能转入其最初的初始姿态。由此可以从气囊中取出损伤的或有缺陷的供应软管，而此时未损伤形成连接口的织物。
在本发明的一个有利设计中，该装置的特点是，所述撑张套筒和芯杆具有可相对运动且相互固定地布置的保持机构。本发明装置的这种设计极其简化了其操作。可以针对供应软管的局部加热、变形和最终固定在连接口内的时间不太费事地保证张紧件定位在撑张套筒区域内。
在本发明的另一个有利设计中，该装置的特点是在撑张套区域中设置加热装置。根据本发明将加热装置布置在该装置上相对于单独布置的加热装置进一步简化了操作。
在本发明的又一个有利设计中，该装置的特点是该加热装置设计成感应加热装置。这种设计有利地允许更顺利使用本发明的装置，因为所需热源可以很快速地加热和又冷却到期望温度。因此有利地得到加工速度的提升。
该任务还通过一种根据本发明第六方面所述的方法完成，即
用于将供应软管的接头固定在OPW气囊上的方法，尤其采用根据本发明第一至第五方面所述的装置，其特点是有以下步骤：
e)将该装置插入并定位在设于该OPW气囊的连接口内的接头中，从而该撑张套筒位于该连接口的至少一个内腔的区域中，
f)在该撑张套区域内加热该接头，
g)使张紧件朝向该撑张套移动向该撑张套筒，从而撑张套径向向外运动并且在该张紧件区域内径向扩张该接头，使得它热塑性变形并且在随后冷却时保持其扩张变形。
本发明的做法允许简单顺利地在狭窄空间上建立供应软管接头在OPW气囊上的固定联接。为此可相对于从现有技术中知道的方法节省时间和成本。在此要求保护的有利方法变型导致了在连接口内腔中建立一处或多处固定。
如果该变型不是所期望的，则还可以通过根据本发明第七方面所述的方法来完成该任务，即一种用于将供应软管的接头固定在OPW气囊上的方法，尤其采用本发明第一至第五方面所述的装置，其特征是，具有以下步骤：
e)将该装置插入并定位在设于OPW气囊的连接口内的且突入OPW气囊内的接头中，从而撑张套筒位于该接头的突入OPW气囊内的部段的区域里，
f)在该撑张套区域中加热该接头，
g)使张紧件朝向撑张套移动向该撑张套筒，从而它们径向向外移动并且在张紧件区域中径向扩张该接头，使得其热塑性变形并且在随后冷却时保持其扩张变形。
所述优点与前述方法变型的优点相同，但涉及另一个固定位置，即此时接头突入OPW气囊内以致撑张套筒和进而待扩张的接头部段位于突入OPW气囊内的接头部段区域中。
附图说明
为了更好理解本发明，以下结合实施例在附图辅助下来简介本发明。附图大多示出示意性剖视图。
图1以极其示意性的透视图示出准备将供应软管接头插入OPW气囊的连接口的OPW气囊以及在插入之前的断开所示的接头，
图2以极其示意性的透视图示出图1的OPW气囊连同已插入接头，
图3极其示意性地示出本发明的装置，其已插入到处于初始位置的相对于图1和图2极其放大且成不同比例的OPW气囊连接口，
图4极其示意性地示出类似于图3的本发明的装置，其在启动状态中已插入OPW气囊的连接口中，
图5以极其示意性的轮廓图示出类似于图1的视图的OPW气囊连同插入在连接口内的凹槽，
图6以极其示意性的轮廓图示出类似于图5的视图的OPW气囊连同两个插入连接口中的凹槽，
图7极其示意性的轮廓图示出在OPW气囊的连接口内被插入的凹槽连同已启动的本发明的装置，其中该接头在凹槽区域内被扩张且因此被固定，
图8极其示意性的轮廓图示出根据图7的视图，但具有两个在连接口内被插入的凹槽，其中该接头在凹槽区域中在两个部位被扩张且因而被固定，和
图9极其示意性示出具有就位在加热装置区域内的连接口的OPW气囊。
附图标记
2 撑张套筒
4 撑张套
6 芯杆
8 张紧件
101 保持机构
102 保持机构
12 加热装置
121 加热装置
14 接头
16 内腔
18 OPW气囊
20 连接口
22 上织物
24 下织物
26 供应软管
28 织缝
30 边缘区
32 开口
34 箭头
36 区域
38 箭头
40 装置
42 螺钉
44 凹槽
441 凹槽
具体实施方式
在以下说明中，技术相同的零部件只要概览允许就带有相同的附图标记。
图1示出准备将在此未示出的供应软管26的接头14(接头14例如仿佛过渡至供应软管26中)插入OPW气囊18的连接口20中的具有上织物22和下织物24的OPW气囊18。OPW气囊18的上织物22和下织物24在边缘区30内以单层织物中的所谓织缝28相互连接(OPW原理)。只出于看得更清楚考虑，两个织物层22、24如图所示略微间隔开。在连接口20的区域中，OPW气囊18已略微拉扯分开，由此出现大致呈圆形的开口32。在开口32内，接头14应该在箭头34方向上被插入如此深，即其端头位于OPW气囊18内的用36表示的位置。
OPW气囊18的连接口20由织物层22、24构成，做法是它们在边缘区相互连接成一个所谓织缝28的单层织物层。在使用情况下，OPW气囊通过位于连接口20内的供应软管26接收填充介质例如像空气、气体或流体，因而使之扩展至第三维度。
图2示出OPW气囊18连同已经插入连接口20中的接头14。在根据两种本发明方法之一使用本发明装置之后出现此结果。接头14在区域36中被扩张并且被固定在气囊18内。它一般无法沿箭头38方向从连接口20被抽出。
图3和图4示出本发明的装置40的一个例子，其具有撑张套筒2，芯杆6延伸穿过撑张套筒，芯杆(在图3中)在左侧以呈锥形扩张的张紧件8突入OPW气囊18内。接头14已被插入连接口20中，随后撑张套筒2被插入其中并且如图所示地安放。在撑张套筒2的(图3中)左端上，撑张套筒在短距离内开设有多道缝，从而在此情况下出现弹簧弹性的撑张套4，其在芯杆6回撤时径向向外移动并且在此区域中将接头14向外压。因为在此装入的接头14由可热塑性变形的材料构成，故该接头14的扩张端可以在此状态中被固定。为此，适当地在撑张套(4)区域内设置加热装置12(图9)，借此加热接头14。芯杆6在冷却前被一直保持在其位置上。为此，接头14保持在撑张和加热时获得的形状：接头14被固定在OPW气囊18内。本发明的装置40的部件，即撑张套筒2和芯杆6能有利地通过保持机构101、102相对运动和锁定。为此，芯杆6连接至保持机构102，撑张套筒2连接至保持机构101。通过固定机构如螺钉42，芯杆6可在保持机构101中被夹紧。
图3和图4示出本发明的装置例如可以根据本发明方法如下使用。撑张套筒2通过螺钉42固定连接至保持机构101。代替螺钉42，撑张套筒2也可以借助焊接、粘接等来安装。撑张套筒2的未被固定在保持机构101上的对置端在轴向上具有多个切口(例如四道缝)，所述缺口允许撑张套筒2在此部位被张紧件8扩张。芯杆6活动延伸于撑张套筒2内，在芯杆的一端上安装张紧件8，在其对置一端安装保持机构102。朝向指向撑张套4的侧面，张紧件8设计成锥形以因此允许撑张套4的均匀扩张。张紧件8的最细外径对应于撑张套筒2的内径。但是，它在芯杆6端头前一直增大到比如在此所示的较大直径。
因为在本专利申请包含两个并列的方法权利要求，以下将单独对其进行介绍。
具有根据图2的结果的所述做法对应于根据本发明第七方面的方法。在此，供应软管26被置入连接口20如此远，即它超出连接口20的内端即指向OPW气囊18的充气腔的那端约5毫米。在下一步骤中，本发明的装置被插入供应软管26如此远，直至撑张套筒2的端头以其撑张套4与供应软管26的指向OPW气囊18内的端头齐平。在本发明的装置就位在接头14或供应软管26内后，进行例如由磁性材料例如像铁构成的撑张套筒2在撑张套4区域中例如借助感应工作式加热装置14的加热。撑张套4的加热程度针对由热塑性材料构成的供应软管26的温度范围。优选地，对于用以构成供应软管26的聚合物，可选择具有约180℃熔点和约136℃软化温度的PA12。关于优选用于OPW气囊织物的PA6.6材料的软化温度值优选在约220-236℃，即远高于用以构成供应软管26的聚合物的软化温度。
供应软管26本身的变形发生在热塑性区域内。在达到所需温度后，张紧件8借助芯杆2和固定在其上的保持块101穿过撑张套筒2被拉伸入撑张套4中。因为张紧件2指向撑张套4地呈锥形成型，故在张紧件8滑入撑张套4中时这些套向外运动并且在其外端扩张该供应软管26。供应软管26的扩张程度大致对应于撑张套筒1的壁厚。在最后步骤中，芯杆6随张紧件2移动离开撑张套4，使得张紧件8滑移出撑张套4并且其又回复到其初始位置。接着，本发明的装置可以没有大阻力地完全从供应软管26移除。
通过在其指向OPW气囊内的端头扩张供应软管26，不使用其它固定件地防止供应软管26滑出连接口20。
图5示出OPW气囊，其具有例如设置在连接口内的凹槽44，凹槽大致呈环面形设计。
图6示出另一个OPW气囊，其具有两个例如设于连接口中的凹槽44，凹槽大致呈环面设计。凹槽形状是可任选的。
图7示出凹槽44的另一形状，凹槽设置在OPW气囊18的连接口20内。在此情况下，从左侧实现接头14在连接口20内的固定(在图7和图8中)。
这种具有根据图7和图8的结果的做法对应于本发明第六方面所述的方法。在此情况下，本发明的装置40的插入和定位如此进行，撑张套筒2处于连接口20的在此例如呈凹槽44和/或441形式的至少一个内腔16的区域中。如果人们根据本发明在凹槽44中扩宽供应软管26，则这有如下优点，供应软管26例如相对于连接口20的两端不可移动地定位。同时省掉其它固定件如软管夹等。
在前后布置两个凹槽44、441的情况下(图8)，不需要其它的张紧件2。在工艺技术方面，此变型的过程对应于具有一个凹槽44的过程(图7)，但区别是，本发明的装置40随着张紧件2在第一凹槽44区域内扩张之后没有完全从接头14被移除。装置40首先留在接头14中并且只在第二凹槽441区域中重新就位，以便随后重复“扩张”方法步骤。
图9示出一个具有定位在加热装置12的区域内的连接口20的OPW气囊18。在执行根据本发明第六方面的接头固定方法时，加热装置12设置在连接口20区域中以便分别在扩张之后在凹槽44、441区域内加热接头14的扩张端。
如果执行根据本发明第七方面的接头固定方法，则加热装置121将被定位在OPW气囊内的接头14的扩张的端头区域内。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于将接头(14)固定在OPW气囊(18)上的装置(40)，所述装置具有撑张套筒(2)，该撑张套筒具有多个撑张套(4)，并且
该装置具有纵向延伸穿过所述撑张套筒(2)的芯杆(6)，并且该芯杆具有设置在所述撑张套(4)周围的张紧件(8)，该张紧件(8)的外径大于所述撑张套(4)的内径，其中，所述芯杆(6)能够在所述撑张套筒(2)内被引导运动，使得所述张紧件(8)能够沿朝向所述撑张套(4)的方向运动从而使所述撑张套(4)从它们的初始位置径向向外运动，并且所述张紧件(8)能够从所述撑张套(4)运动离开从而使得所述撑张套(4)返回它们的初始位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置(40)，其特征是，所述撑张套筒(2)和所述芯杆(6)具有保持机构(101,102)，该保持机构是以能够彼此相对运动且能够相互固定的方式设置的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置(40)，其特征是，在所述撑张套(4)的区域内设置有加热装置(12,121)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置(40)，其特征是，所述撑张套(4)配备有加热装置(12,121)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的装置(40)，其特征是，所述加热装置(12,121)设计成感应加热装置。
6.根据权利要求4所述的装置(40)，其特征是，所述加热装置(12,121)设计成感应加热装置。
7.一种用于将供应软管(26)的接头(14)固定在OPW气囊(18)上的方法，采用用于将所述接头(14)固定在所述OPW气囊(18)上的装置(40)，所述装置(40)具有撑张套筒(2)，该撑张套筒(2)具有多个撑张套(4)，并且该装置具有纵向延伸穿过所述撑张套筒(2)的芯杆(6)，并且该芯杆具有
设置在所述撑张套(4)周围的张紧件(8)，该张紧件(8)的外径大于所述撑张套(4)的内径，其中，所述方法具有如下步骤：
将所述装置(40)插入并定位在设于所述OPW气囊(18)的连接口(20)内的所述接头(14)中，从而使得所述撑张套筒(2)位于所述连接口(20)的至少一个内腔(16)的区域中，
在所述撑张套(4)的区域内加热所述接头(14)，
使所述张紧件(8)沿所述撑张套(4)的方向运动向所述撑张套筒(2)，从而使得所述撑张套(4)径向向外运动并且在所述张紧件(8)的区域内径向扩张所述接头(14)，使得该接头(14)热塑性变形并且在随后冷却时保持其扩张变形。
8.一种用于将供应软管(26)的接头(14)固定在OPW气囊(18)上的方法，采用用于将所述接头(14)固定在所述OPW气囊(18)上的装置(40)，所述装置(40)具有撑张套筒(2)，该撑张套筒(2)具有多个撑张套(4)，并且该装置具有纵向延伸穿过所述撑张套筒(2)的芯杆(6)，并且该芯杆具有
设置在所述撑张套(4)周围的张紧件(8)，该张紧件(8)的外径大于所述撑张套(4)的内径，其中，该方法具有如下步骤：
将所述装置(40)插入并定位在设于所述OPW气囊的连接口(20)内的且突入所述OPW气囊(18)内的所述接头(14)中，使得所述撑张套筒(2)位于所述接头(14)的突入所述OPW气囊(18)内的部段的区域中，
在所述撑张套(4)的区域中加热所述接头(14)，
使所述张紧件(8)沿所述撑张套(4)的方向运动向所述撑张套筒(2)，从而使得所述撑张套(4)径向向外运动并且在张紧件(8)的区域中径向扩张所述接头(14)，使得所述接头热塑性变形并且在随后冷却时保持其扩张变形。
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