CN110896851A - Breeding method of early maturing rice variety - Google Patents
Breeding method of early maturing rice variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN110896851A CN110896851A CN201911006809.4A CN201911006809A CN110896851A CN 110896851 A CN110896851 A CN 110896851A CN 201911006809 A CN201911006809 A CN 201911006809A CN 110896851 A CN110896851 A CN 110896851A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding early maturing rice varieties, which comprises the following steps of firstly, surveying breeding environment; step two, selecting and processing seeds; step three, planting and cultivating seedling plates; step four, seed breeding management; step five, transplanting the seedlings into a seedling bed; step six, recording later-period rice; in the first step, manually selecting a seedling bed which is suitable for flat field surface, convenient for water and water drainage and fertile soil, drawing a topographic map of the seedling bed, and marking a river channel, a water outlet and a water inlet which are close to the seedling bed; according to the method for breeding the early-maturing rice variety, early-maturing rice seedlings are cultured in a seedling bed manually, double monomers are constructed on the early-maturing rice seedlings by adopting a hybridization technology and an anther culture technology, so that improved seeds with high disease resistance and drought resistance are obtained, a traditional laboratory method for culturing the early-maturing rice seedlings in a hybridization way is abandoned, direct culture is carried out in the seedling bed, the bred early-maturing rice seedlings are more adaptive to the environment, and the yield of the early-maturing rice seedlings is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rice variety breeding, in particular to a method for breeding an early maturing rice variety.
Background
The rice is a cereal crop of rice, the representative species is rice, the rice is native to China and India, the rice is planted by precedents in Yangtze river basin of China seven thousand years ago, the rice is divided into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice according to the rice type, the rice is divided into conventional rice and hybrid rice according to the seed reserving mode, the rice is fruited, namely the rice, the rice is called brown rice after glume is removed, the brown rice can be obtained by grinding the rice bran layer, the rice can be edible, wine brewing and sugar making can be used as industrial raw materials, the rice hulls and the rice straws can be used as livestock feed, and the variety breeding is required to be carried out on the conventional early maturing rice during planting; the breeding of the early maturing rice variety is generally carried out by adopting a laboratory for cultivation and cultivation, the mode is separated from the growth environment of the early maturing rice, the yield of seedlings is not favorably increased, the seeding interval of the traditional breeding of the early maturing rice variety is fixed, the seedlings are crowded, the growth of the early maturing rice is not favorably realized, and the breeding method of the early maturing rice variety is necessary aiming at the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding early maturing rice varieties so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for breeding early maturing rice varieties comprises the steps of firstly, surveying breeding environment; step two, selecting and processing seeds; step three, planting and cultivating seedling plates; step four, seed breeding management; step five, transplanting the seedlings into a seedling bed; step six, recording later-period rice;
in the first step, the breeding environment survey comprises the following steps:
1) manually selecting a seedling bed which is suitable for leveling the surface of the bed, convenient for water and water drainage and fertile soil, drawing a topographic map of the seedling bed, and marking a river channel, a water outlet and a water inlet which are close to the seedling bed;
2) manually using a professional instrument to detect the soil sparsity, the pH value and the soil humidity of the seedling bed, and simultaneously measuring the air humidity and the temperature change around the soil;
in the second step, the seed selection treatment comprises the following steps:
1) manually selecting proper fine seeds, high-disease-resistance seeds and drought-enduring seeds according to the conditions of the rice seedling field surveyed in the step one 2);
2) manually preparing warm water, adding a certain amount of bactericide into the warm water, uniformly stirring, pouring the selected seeds into the warm water, soaking for 20min, and continuously stirring;
3) taking out the sterilized seeds, spreading the seeds on a filter screen, drying the seeds in the sun, and then storing the seeds in a shade;
in the third step, the seedling plate planting and cultivating method comprises the following steps:
1) soaking the seeds in the second step 3) in cold water for 20-24h, then fishing out, placing in water of 40-50 ℃ for soaking again for 30-40min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, soaking for 5-10min, fishing out and drying in the sun;
2) manually selecting the seedling bed in the step 1), turning and preparing soil to prepare a seedling plate, and enclosing a small land for cultivating seedlings by using the fence;
3) selecting seed planting holes in the land surrounded by the fence, wherein each seed planting hole is spaced at a certain distance, digging out the holes by using a shovel manually, and spreading fine soil in the holes;
4) manually sowing one seed in each seed planting hole, covering the seeds with fine soil, and completing planting;
in the fourth step, the seed breeding management comprises the following steps:
1) hybridizing the improved variety as male parent and the high disease resistance seed as female parent to obtain F1Seeds;
2) then F is mixed1Sowing seeds as male parents, hybridizing drought-resistant seeds as female parents to obtain F2Seeds;
3) f is to be2Backcrossing the seeds once, and constructing a double monomer by adopting an anther culture technology to obtain fine seeds with high disease resistance and drought resistance;
wherein in the fifth step, the seedling transplanting seedling bed comprises the following steps:
1) irrigating and soaking the seedling bed 3-5 days before transplanting, wherein each soaking time is 10-15h, then draining and airing, spreading urea, and manually turning the soil;
2) sowing and transplanting the improved seeds obtained in the step four 3) by using a machine or manpower, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted seeds is 12 x 20cm, and the transplanting depth is 2-4 cm;
in the sixth step, the seedling bed is manually inspected for drainage, the water depth is measured, and the growth condition of the seedlings is recorded and observed.
According to the technical scheme, in the step one 2), the recorded and detected seedling bed data are stored in an archive room for subsequent comparison.
According to the technical scheme, in the step two 2), the temperature of the warm water is 30-45 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, in the third step 3), the spacing between the seed planting holes is 2-3 cm.
According to the technical scheme, in the step five 1), the irrigation water just overflows the seedling bed.
According to the technical scheme, in the seventh step, observation and recording are carried out once every 10-15 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for breeding the early-maturing rice variety is characterized in that early-maturing rice seedlings are artificially cultured in a seedling bed, a hybrid technology and an anther culture technology are adopted for the early-maturing rice seedlings to construct a double monomer, so that improved seeds with high disease resistance and drought resistance are obtained, a traditional laboratory culture method for hybrid culture of the early-maturing rice seedlings is abandoned, direct culture is carried out in the seedling bed, the bred early-maturing rice seedlings are more adaptive to the environment, the yield of the early-maturing rice seedlings is increased, the seeding intervals are fixed, crowding of the early-maturing rice seedlings is avoided, fine soil is adopted for burying during seeding, the land is more fertile, and early-maturing rice growth is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a method for breeding early maturing rice varieties comprises the steps of firstly, surveying breeding environment; step two, selecting and processing seeds; step three, planting and cultivating seedling plates; step four, seed breeding management; step five, transplanting the seedlings into a seedling bed; step six, recording later-period rice;
in the first step, the breeding environment survey comprises the following steps:
1) manually selecting a seedling bed which is suitable for leveling the surface of the bed, convenient for water and water drainage and fertile soil, drawing a topographic map of the seedling bed, and marking a river channel, a water outlet and a water inlet which are close to the seedling bed;
2) manually using a professional instrument to detect the soil sparsity, pH value and soil humidity of the rice seedling bed, measuring the air humidity and temperature change around the soil, recording the detected rice seedling bed data and storing the data in a file room for subsequent comparison;
in the second step, the seed selection treatment comprises the following steps:
1) manually selecting proper fine seeds, high-disease-resistance seeds and drought-enduring seeds according to the conditions of the rice seedling field surveyed in the step one 2);
2) manually preparing warm water, wherein the warm water temperature is 30-45 ℃, adding a certain amount of bactericide into the warm water, uniformly stirring, pouring the selected seeds into the warm water, soaking for 20min, and continuously stirring;
3) taking out the sterilized seeds, spreading the seeds on a filter screen, drying the seeds in the sun, and then storing the seeds in a shade;
in the third step, the seedling plate planting and cultivating method comprises the following steps:
1) soaking the seeds in the second step 3) in cold water for 20-24h, then fishing out, placing in water of 40-50 ℃ for soaking again for 30-40min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, soaking for 5-10min, fishing out and drying in the sun;
2) manually selecting the seedling bed in the step 1), turning and preparing soil to prepare a seedling plate, and enclosing a small land for cultivating seedlings by using the fence;
3) selecting seed planting holes in the land surrounded by the fence, wherein each seed planting hole is spaced at a certain distance, digging out the holes by using a shovel manually, and spreading fine soil in the holes, wherein the spacing between the seed planting holes is 2-3 cm;
4) manually sowing one seed in each seed planting hole, covering the seeds with fine soil, and completing planting;
in the fourth step, the seed breeding management comprises the following steps:
1) hybridizing the improved variety as male parent and the high disease resistance seed as female parent to obtain F1Seeds;
2) then F is mixed1Sowing seeds as male parents, hybridizing drought-resistant seeds as female parents to obtain F2Seeds;
3) f is to be2Backcrossing the seeds once, and constructing a double monomer by adopting an anther culture technology to obtain fine seeds with high disease resistance and drought resistance;
wherein in the fifth step, the seedling transplanting seedling bed comprises the following steps:
1) irrigating and soaking the seedling bed 3-5 days before transplanting, wherein the irrigation water just overflows the seedling bed, soaking for 10-15h each time, then draining and airing, spreading urea, and manually turning the soil;
2) sowing and transplanting the improved seeds obtained in the step four 3) by using a machine or manpower, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted seeds is 12 x 20cm, and the transplanting depth is 2-4 cm;
in the sixth step, the drainage of the seedling bed is manually checked, the water depth is measured, the growth condition of the seedlings is recorded and observed, and the observation and the recording are carried out once every 10 to 15 days.
Based on the above, the method has the advantages that the early maturing rice seedlings are artificially cultured in the rice seedling bed, the double monomers are constructed by the early maturing rice seedlings through the hybridization technology and the anther culture technology, so that the improved seeds with high disease resistance and drought resistance are obtained, the traditional laboratory culture method for hybridization culture of the early maturing rice seedlings is abandoned, the direct culture is carried out in the rice seedling bed, the selected early maturing rice seedlings are more adaptive to the environment, the seeding intervals are fixed, the early maturing rice seedlings are prevented from being crowded, and the soil is buried by fine soil during seeding, so that the soil is richer.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for breeding early maturing rice varieties comprises the steps of firstly, surveying breeding environment; step two, selecting and processing seeds; step three, planting and cultivating seedling plates; step four, seed breeding management; step five, transplanting the seedlings into a seedling bed; step six, recording later-period rice; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, the breeding environment survey comprises the following steps:
1) manually selecting a seedling bed which is suitable for leveling the surface of the bed, convenient for water and water drainage and fertile soil, drawing a topographic map of the seedling bed, and marking a river channel, a water outlet and a water inlet which are close to the seedling bed;
2) manually using a professional instrument to detect the soil sparsity, the pH value and the soil humidity of the seedling bed, and simultaneously measuring the air humidity and the temperature change around the soil;
in the second step, the seed selection treatment comprises the following steps:
1) manually selecting proper fine seeds, high-disease-resistance seeds and drought-enduring seeds according to the conditions of the rice seedling field surveyed in the step one 2);
2) manually preparing warm water, adding a certain amount of bactericide into the warm water, uniformly stirring, pouring the selected seeds into the warm water, soaking for 20min, and continuously stirring;
3) taking out the sterilized seeds, spreading the seeds on a filter screen, drying the seeds in the sun, and then storing the seeds in a shade;
in the third step, the seedling plate planting and cultivating method comprises the following steps:
1) soaking the seeds in the second step 3) in cold water for 20-24h, then fishing out, placing in water of 40-50 ℃ for soaking again for 30-40min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, soaking for 5-10min, fishing out and drying in the sun;
2) manually selecting the seedling bed in the step 1), turning and preparing soil to prepare a seedling plate, and enclosing a small land for cultivating seedlings by using the fence;
3) selecting seed planting holes in the land surrounded by the fence, wherein each seed planting hole is spaced at a certain distance, digging out the holes by using a shovel manually, and spreading fine soil in the holes;
4) manually sowing one seed in each seed planting hole, covering the seeds with fine soil, and completing planting;
in the fourth step, the seed breeding management comprises the following steps:
1) hybridizing the improved variety as male parent and the high disease resistance seed as female parent to obtain F1Seeds;
2) then F is mixed1Sowing seeds as male parents, hybridizing drought-resistant seeds as female parents to obtain F2Seeds;
3) f is to be2Backcrossing the seeds once, and constructing a double monomer by adopting an anther culture technology to obtain fine seeds with high disease resistance and drought resistance;
wherein in the fifth step, the seedling transplanting seedling bed comprises the following steps:
1) irrigating and soaking the seedling bed 3-5 days before transplanting, wherein each soaking time is 10-15h, then draining and airing, spreading urea, and manually turning the soil;
2) sowing and transplanting the improved seeds obtained in the step four 3) by using a machine or manpower, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted seeds is 12 x 20cm, and the transplanting depth is 2-4 cm;
in the sixth step, the seedling bed is manually inspected for drainage, the water depth is measured, and the growth condition of the seedlings is recorded and observed.
2. The method for breeding the early maturing rice variety according to claim 1, wherein: in the step one 2), the recorded and detected rice seedling bed data are stored in an archive room for subsequent comparison.
3. The method for breeding the early maturing rice variety according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step 2), the temperature of the warm water is 30-45 ℃.
4. The method for breeding the early maturing rice variety according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step 3), the spacing between the seed planting holes is 2-3 cm.
5. The method for breeding the early maturing rice variety according to claim 1, wherein: in the step five 1), the irrigation water just overflows the seedling bed.
6. The method for breeding the early maturing rice variety according to claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, the observation and the recording are carried out once every 10 to 15 days.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112690183A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-23 | 湖南金源种业有限公司 | Ecological planting method for rice |
Citations (4)
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| EP0332533A2 (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-13 | Kingroup Inc. | Method of producing plant cell lines and plant hybrids |
| CN105145213A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-12-16 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | One-season mid-indica hybridrice seedling method |
| CN107079806A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-22 | 金华职业技术学院 | A kind of selection of Resistant Special Rices |
| CN108012789A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-11 | 唐丁山 | A kind of implantation methods of rice |
-
2019
- 2019-10-22 CN CN201911006809.4A patent/CN110896851A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0332533A2 (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-13 | Kingroup Inc. | Method of producing plant cell lines and plant hybrids |
| CN105145213A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-12-16 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | One-season mid-indica hybridrice seedling method |
| CN107079806A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-22 | 金华职业技术学院 | A kind of selection of Resistant Special Rices |
| CN108012789A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-11 | 唐丁山 | A kind of implantation methods of rice |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ALEXANDRE B. HEINEMANN等: "Upland rice breeding led to increased drought sensitivity in Brazil", 《FIELD CROPS RESEARCH》 * |
| 陈希凯: "《水稻栽培技术》", 30 June 1958, 山东人民出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112690183A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-23 | 湖南金源种业有限公司 | Ecological planting method for rice |
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