CN110896277B - 车辆电源装置 - Google Patents

车辆电源装置 Download PDF

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CN110896277B
CN110896277B CN201910753367.3A CN201910753367A CN110896277B CN 110896277 B CN110896277 B CN 110896277B CN 201910753367 A CN201910753367 A CN 201910753367A CN 110896277 B CN110896277 B CN 110896277B
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power
power supply
unit
voltage
bidirectional
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CN110896277A (zh
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丸山晃则
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Yazaki Corp
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Yazaki Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B60L1/04—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line
    • B60L1/10—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line with provision for using different supplies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H02J2207/40—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供能够抑制装置的大型化的车辆电源装置。双向2相斩波电路(50)将利用AC/DC转换部(40)进行了转换的直流电力的电压升压并向高压电池(20)输出，并且将由高压电池(20)向低压负载部(4)供给的直流电力的电压降压。连接部(61)与供给直流电力的高速充电器(5)连接。连接部(62)与供给相比于高速充电器(5)更高压的直流电力的超高速充电器(6)连接。

Description

车辆电源装置
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆电源装置。
背景技术
以往，作为车辆电源装置，例如专利文献1中公开了一种车辆电源系统，该车辆电源系统具备：行驶用电池；标准电池，其电压低于该行驶用电池；以及降压转换器，其将由行驶用电池供给的电力的电压降压并输出到标椎电池。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2017-41999号公报
发明内容
发明欲解决的技术问题
然而，就上述的专利文献1所记载的车辆电源系统而言，例如为了缩短充电时间而期望提高行驶用电池的充电电压，而在该情况下需要高压用的转换器，装置存在体型变大的倾向。
因此，本发明鉴于上述情况而完成，目的在于提供能够抑制装置大型化的车辆电源装置。
用于解决问题的技术手段
为了解决上述课题并达成目的，本发明涉及的车辆电源装置的特征在于，具备：电池，所述电池向高压负载部和电压低于所述高压负载部的低压负载部供给直流电力；交流电源连接部，所述交流电源连接部与向所述电池供给交流电力的交流电源部连接；AC/DC转换部，所述AC/DC转换部将由所述交流电源部向所述电池供给的交流电力转换成直流电力；双向DC/DC转换部，所述双向DC/DC转换部将利用所述AC/DC转换部进行了转换的直流电力的电压升压并向所述电池输出，并且将由所述电池向所述低压负载部供给的直流电力的电压降压；第1直流电源连接部，所述第1直流电源连接部与供给直流电力的第1直流电源部连接；第2直流电源连接部，所述第2直流电源连接部与供给相比于所述第1直流电源部更高压的直流电力的第2直流电源部连接；以及控制部，所述控制部控制所述AC/DC转换部和所述双向DC/DC转换部，在由所述交流电源部供给交流电力的情况下，所述控制部将利用所述AC/DC转换部进行了转换且利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了升压的直流电力向所述电池充电，并且将利用所述AC/DC转换部进行了转换的直流电力向所述低压负载部供给，在由所述第1直流电源部供给直流电力的情况下，将利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了升压的直流电力向所述电池充电，并且由所述第1直流电源部不经由所述双向DC/DC转换部而向所述低压负载部供给直流电力，在由所述第2直流电源部供给直流电力的情况下，由该第2直流电源部不经由所述双向DC/DC转换部而将直流电力向所述电池充电，并且将利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了降压的所述电池的直流电力向所述低压负载部供给，在没有由所述交流电源部、所述第1直流电源部以及所述第2直流电源部供给电力的情况下，能够由所述电池不经由所述双向DC/DC转换部而向所述高压负载部供给直流电力，并且将利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了降压的所述电池的直流电力向所述低压负载部供给。
在上述车辆电源装置中，优选所述AC/DC转换部具有：整流电路，所述整流电路将由所述交流电源部供给的交流电力整流成直流电力；以及绝缘型的DC/DC转换器，所述DC/DC转换器将利用所述整流电路整流了的直流电力的电压升压。
在上述车辆电源装置中，优选所述双向DC/DC转换部构成为包含斩波电路，所述斩波电路具有：开关元件，所述开关元件使电流通过或切断；以及线圈，所述线圈根据所述开关元件的工作而输出感生电流。
发明效果
本发明涉及的车辆电源装置能够将双向DC/DC转换部兼用作充电时的升压用的转换部和放电时的降压用的转换部，从而能够抑制装置的大型化。
附图说明
图1为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置的结构例的框图。
图2为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置的AC电源所进行的充电例的框图。
图3为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置的高速充电器所进行的充电例的框图。
图4为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置的超高速充电器所进行的充电例的框图。
图5为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置的放电例的框图。
图6为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置的工作例的流程图。
图7为示出实施方式的变形例涉及的车辆电源装置的结构例的框图。
符号说明
1、1A 车辆电源装置
2 AC电源(交流电源部)
3 高压负载部
4 低压负载部
5 高速充电器(第1直流电源部)
6 超高速充电器(第2直流电源部)
10 AC输入(交流电源连接部)
20 高压电池(电池)
40 AC/DC转换部
41A 整流电路
41B DC/DC转换器
50、50A 双向2相斩波电路(双向DC/DC转换部)
51～54 开关元件
L3、L4 耦合电感器(线圈)
61 连接部(第1直流电源连接部)
62 连接部(第2直流电源连接部)
70 控制部
具体实施方式
参照附图详细说明用于实施本发明的方式(实施方式)。本发明并不被以下实施方式记载的内容所限定。另外，以下记载的结构要素包含本领域技术人员能够容易想到的要素、实质相同的要素。而且，以下记载的结构能够适当组合。另外，在不脱离本发明的要旨的范围能够进行结构的各种省略、置换或变更。
[实施方式]
参照附图说明实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1。图1为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1的结构例的框图。图2为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1的AC电源2所进行的充电例的框图。图3为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1的高速充电器5所进行的充电例的框图。图4为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1的超高速充电器6所进行的充电例的框图。图5为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1的放电例的框图。
车辆电源装置1例如搭载于电动汽车(EV)、插电式混合动力汽车(PHV)等车辆，并对包含逆变器、电动发电机等在内的高压负载部3以及包含电压低于高压负载部3的电动空调等在内的低压负载部4供给电力。
如图1所示，车辆电源装置1具备：作为电源连接部的AC输入10、作为电池的高压电池20、滤波器30、AC/DC转换部40、作为双向DC/DC转换部的双向2相斩波电路50、作为第1直流电源连接部的连接部61、作为第2直流电源连接部的连接部62以及控制部70。
AC输入10是与家庭用的AC电源(交流电源部)2的AC输出连接的连接器。AC输入10的一部分露出到车辆的外侧。AC输入10与家庭用的AC输出连接，由AC电源2输出交流电力。
高压电池20供给高压的直流电力。高压电池20例如供给800V～1000V程度的电压的相对高压的直流电力。高压电池20经由AC/DC转换部40和双向2相斩波电路50与AC电源2连接，充入由该AC电源2供给的电力。高压电池20与连接部61连接，经由该连接部61充入由高速充电器5供给的电力。高压电池20与连接部62连接，经由该连接部62充入由超高速充电器6供给的电力。高压电池20经由双向2相斩波电路50与低压负载部4连接，向该低压负载部4供给电力。高压电池20与高压负载部3连接，向该高压负载部3供给电力。高压负载部3的逆变器将由高压电池20供给的直流电力转换成交流电力并将该交流电力供给至电动发电机。电动发电机利用由逆变器供给的交流电力驱动而使车辆的车轮旋转。
滤波器30是减轻噪声的部件。滤波器30与AC输入10连接，减轻由该AC输入10输出的交流电力的噪声。滤波器30与AC/DC转换部40连接，向AC/DC转换部40输出减轻了噪声的交流电力。
AC/DC转换部40将交流电力转换为直流电力。AC/DC转换部40是用于改善功率因数的绝缘型的PFC(Power Factor Correction；功率因数校正)电路，具有整流电路41A和DC/DC转换器41B。整流电路41A将交流电力整流成直流电力。整流电路41A例如为具有4个开关元件的全桥电路。整流电路41A与滤波器30连接，将由该滤波器30输出的交流电力整流成直流电力。整流电路41A与DC/DC转换器41B连接，将已整流的直流电力向DC/DC转换器41B输出。
DC/DC转换器41B将电压进行升压。DC/DC转换器41B例如为使用了3相DAB(DualActive Bridge；双有源桥)的单转换器电路。DC/DC转换器41B具有、第1桥电路41a、第2桥电路41b、变压器41c、电容器C1、C2、线圈部41d、41e以及线圈L1、L2。
第1桥电路41a是具有6个开关元件的3相的全桥电路。第1桥电路41a与整流电路41A和变压器41c连接。第1桥电路41a将由整流电路41A输出的直流电力转换成交流电力，向变压器41c输出该交流电力。
第2桥电路41b是具有6个开关元件的3相的全桥电路。第2桥电路41b与变压器41c连接，将由该变压器41c输出的交流电力转换成直流电力。第2桥电路41b与双向2相斩波电路50和低压负载部4连接，向双向2相斩波电路50和低压负载部4输出已转换了的直流电力。
变压器41c构成为包含：具有3个线圈的一次绕线部；具有3个线圈且与一次绕线部磁耦合的二次绕线部。一次绕线部和二次绕线部彼此绝缘。由此，变压器41c能够使包含高速充电器5、电动发电机等高压负载部3及高压电池20的高压电源系统与AC输入10绝缘。如此，车辆电源装置1中，经由AC/DC转换部40连接高压电源系统和AC输入10，因此能够容易地隔离高压电源系统，能够提高整备性。
变压器41c的一次绕线部经由线圈部41d与第1桥电路41a连接。变压器41c的二次绕线部经由线圈部41e与第2桥电路41b连接。变压器41c利用一次绕线部和二次绕线部的电磁感应来转换电压。变压器41c将由AC电源2供给的电力的电压进行升压。
电容C1设置在第1桥电路41a与整流电路41A之间，对由整流电路41A向第1桥电路41a输出的直流电力进行平滑化。电容C2设置在第2桥电路41b与双向2相斩波电路50之间，对由第2桥电路41b向双向2相斩波电路50输出的直流电力进行平滑化。此外，第1桥电路41a和整流电路41A经由线圈L1连接，第2桥电路41b和双向2相斩波电路50经由线圈L2连接。
双向2相斩波电路50将电压进行升压或降压。双向2相斩波电路50与AC/DC转换部40、连接部61、高压电池20及低压负载部4连接。双向2相斩波电路50具有：使电流通过或切断的开关元件51～54；根据开关元件51～54的工作而输出感应电流的耦合电感器(线圈)L3、L4；滤波电容C3。双向2相斩波电路50使各开关元件51～54导通/断开，将由AC/DC转换部40输出的直流电力的电压进行升压并向高压电池20输出。双向2相斩波电路50例如将由AC/DC转换部40输出的直流电力的电压升压至2倍。另外，双向2相斩波电路50使各开关元件51～54导通/断开，将由高压电池20输出的直流电力的电压进行降压并向低压负载部4输出。双向2相斩波电路50例如将由高压电池20输出的直流电力的电压降压至一半。滤波电容C3与双向2相斩波电路50连接，对由该双向2相斩波电路50输出的直流电力进行平滑化。滤波电容C3与高压电池20连接，向高压电池20输出已平滑化的直流电力。
连接部61是与供给直流电力的高速充电器5连接的连接器。此处，高速充电器5例如供给400V～500V程度的电压的直流电力。连接部61与双向2相斩波电路50连接，向双向2相斩波电路50输出由高速充电器5供给的直流电力。另外，连接部61与低压负载部4连接，向低压负载部4输出由高速充电器5供给的直流电力。
连接部62是与供给直流电力的超高速充电器6连接的连接器。此处，超高速充电器6供给与高速充电器5相比高压的直流电力，例如供给800V～1000V程度的电压的直流电力。连接部62与高压电池20连接，向高压电池20直接输出由超高速充电器6供给的直流电力。
控制部70控制AC/DC转换部40和双向2相斩波电路50。控制部70构成为包含电子电路，该电子电路以包含CPU、构成存储部的ROM、RAM以及接口的公知的微型计算器为主体。控制部70监控与各电源部的连接状态。控制部70例如监控AC电源2和AC输入10的连接状态、高速充电器5和连接部61的连接状态以及超高速充电器6和连接部62的连接状态。
如图2所示，在AC电源2和AC输入10被连接而由AC电源2供给交流电力的情况下，控制部70将利用AC/DC转换部40进行了转换且利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了升压的直流电力向高压电池20充电。而且，控制部70向低压负载部4供给利用AC/DC转换部40进行了转换的直流电力。
如图3所示，在高速充电器5和连接部61被连接而由高速充电器5供给直流电力的情况下，控制部70将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了升压的直流电力向高压电池20充电。而且，控制部70使得由高速充电器5不经由双向2相斩波电路50将直流电力向低压负载部4供给。
如图4所示，在超高速充电器6和连接部62被连接而由超高速充电器6供给直流电力的情况下，控制部70使得由超高速充电器6不经由双向2相斩波电路50将直流电力向高压电池20充电。而且，控制部70将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了降压的高压电池20的直流电力向低压负载部4供给。
如图5所示，在没有由AC电源2、高速充电器5及超高速充电器6供给电力的情况下，控制部70使得由高压电池20不经由双向2相斩波电路50向高压负载部3供给直流电力，并且将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了降压的高压电池20的直流电力向低压负载部4供给。
接着，参照图6说明车辆电源装置1的工作例。图6为示出实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1的工作例的流程图。车辆电源装置1利用控制部70判定是否已开始由AC电源2供给电力(步骤S1)。在已开始由AC电源2供给电力的情况下(步骤S1；是)，控制部70使得由AC电源2向高压电池20和低压负载部4供给电力(步骤S2)。控制部70例如将利用AC/DC转换部40进行了转换且利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了升压的直流电力向高压电池20充电。进而，控制部70将利用AC/DC转换部40进行了升压的中间电压Vm的直流电力向低压负载部4供给，并结束处理。此处，中间电压Vm例如为400V～500V左右。
在上述步骤S1中，在未开始由AC电源2供给电力的情况下(步骤S1；否)，控制部70判定是否已开始由高速充电器5供给电力(步骤S3)。在已开始由高速充电器5供给电力的情况下(步骤S3；是)，控制部70使得由高速充电器5向高压电池20和低压负载部4供给电力(步骤S4)。控制部70例如将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了升压的直流电力向高压电池20充电。而且，控制部70使得由高速充电器5不经由双向2相斩波电路50而向低压负载部4供给中间电压Vm的直流电力，并结束处理。
在上述步骤S3中，在未开始由高速充电器5供给电力的情况下(步骤S3；否)，控制部70判定是否已开始由超高速充电器6供给电力(步骤S5)。在已开始由超高速充电器6供给电力的情况下(步骤S5；是)，控制部70使得由超高速充电器6向高压电池20供给电力，并且由高压电池20向低压负载部4供给电力(步骤S6)。控制部70例如使得由超高速充电器6不经由双向2相斩波电路50将直流电力向高压电池20充电。而且，控制部70将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了降压的高压电池20的中间电压Vm的直流电力向低压负载部4供给，并结束处理。
在上述步骤S5中，在未开始由超高速充电器6供给电力的情况下(步骤S5；否)，控制部70使得由高压电池20向低压负载部4和高压负载部3供给电力(步骤S7)。控制部70例如使得由高压电池20不经由双向2相斩波电路50向高压负载部3供给直流电力，并且将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了降压的中间电压Vm的直流电力向低压负载部4供给。
如上所述，实施方式涉及的车辆电源装置1具备高压电池20、AC输入10、AC/DC转换部40、双向2相斩波电路50、连接部61、连接部62以及控制部70。高压电池20向高压负载部3和电压低于该高压负载部3的低压负载部4供给直流电力。AC输入10与向高压电池20供给交流电力的AC电源2连接。AC/DC转换部40将由AC电源2向高压电池20供给的交流电力转换成直流电力。双向2相斩波电路50将利用AC/DC转换部40进行了转换的直流电力的电压升压并向高压电池20输出，并且将由高压电池20向低压负载部4供给的直流电力的电压降压。连接部61与供给直流电力的高速充电器5连接。连接部62与供给比高速充电器5更高压的直流电力的超高速充电器6连接。控制部70控制AC/DC转换部40和双向2相斩波电路50。
而且，在由AC电源2供给交流电力的情况下，控制部70将利用AC/DC转换部40进行了转换且利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了升压的直流电力向高压电池20充电，并且将利用AC/DC转换部40进行了转换的直流电力向低压负载部4供给。在由高速充电器5供给直流电力的情况下，控制部70将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了升压的直流电力向高压电池20充电，并且使得由高速充电器5不经由双向2相斩波电路50向低压负载部4供给直流电力。在由超高速充电器6供给直流电力的情况下，控制部70使得由该超高速充电器6不经由双向2相斩波电路50而将直流电力向高压电池20充电，并且将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了降压的高压电池20的直流电力向低压负载部4供给。在没有由AC电源2、高速充电器5及超高速充电器6供给电力的情况下，控制部70使得能够由高压电池20不经由双向2相斩波电路50向高压负载部3供给直流电力，并且将利用双向2相斩波电路50进行了降压的高压电池20的直流电力向低压负载部4供给。
根据该结构，车辆电源装置1能够利用AC/DC转换部40和双向2相斩波电路50将来自AC电源2的交流电力向高压电池20充电。车辆电源装置1能够利用双向2相斩波电路50将高压电池20的直流电力降压并向低压负载部4供给。由此，车辆电源装置1能够使用双向2相斩波电路50，作为对高压电池20充电时的升压用的转换部以及使高压电池20放电时的降压用的转换部。即，车辆电源装置1能够将双向2相斩波电路50兼用作充电时的升压用的转换部和放电时的降压用的转换部。由此，车辆电源装置1能够抑制电力转换部的数量增加，能够抑制装置的大型化。另外，车辆电源装置1能够削减制造成本。
车辆电源装置1中由AC电源2、高速充电器5及超高速充电器6中任一者对高压电池20进行充电都会生成中间电压Vm，从而能够向低压负载部4供给该中间电压Vm的直流电力。车辆电源装置1在高压电池20的充电中也会生成中间电压Vm，因此在高压电池20的充电中也能够使电动空调等低压负载部4运转。车辆电源装置1通过生成中间电压Vm，能够使爬电距离相对短，能够抑制装置的大型化。另外，车辆电源装置1通过生成中间电压Vm，从而不需要将低压负载部4等设置成高压用的特別的方式，因此能够抑制低压负载部4的制造成本。
在上述车辆电源装置1中，AC/DC转换部40具有：整流电路41A，该整流电路41A将由AC电源2供给的交流电力整流成直流电力；以及绝缘型的DC/DC转换器41B，该DC/DC转换器41B将利用整流电路41A进行了整流的直流电力的电压升压。现有的车辆电源装置例如使用非绝缘型的PFC电路以及绝缘型的DC/DC转换器。与此相对，实施方式的车辆电源装置1将AC/DC转换部40(PFC电路)的输出部分与高速充电器5等高压电源系统连接，因此能够通过使该AC/DC转换部40绝缘而确保AC输入10与高压电源系统的绝缘性。
在上述车辆电源装置1中，双向2相斩波电路50构成为包含斩波电路，该斩波电路具有：开关元件51～54，该开关元件51～54使电流通过或切断；以及耦合电感器L3、L4，该耦合电感器根据该开关元件51～54的工作输出感应电流。根据该结构，车辆电源装置1通过利用AC/DC转换部40调节中间电压Vm，从而能够按照使耦合电感器L3、L4的效果最大的倍率，使双向2相斩波电路50工作。由此，车辆电源装置1能够使耦合电感器L3、L4的芯材、滤波电容C3小型化，能够抑制装置的大型化。
[变形例]
下面，说明实施方式的变形例。图7为示出实施方式的变形例涉及的车辆电源装置1A的结构例的框图。变形例涉及的车辆电源装置1A与实施方式的车辆电源装置1的不同点在于：使用绝缘型的双向DC/DC转换器50A来代替车辆电源装置1的双向2相斩波电路50。如图7所示，双向DC/DC转换器50A构成为包含第1桥电路55a、第2桥电路55b及变压器55c等。双向DC/DC转换器50A能够使包含高压负载部3和高压电池20在内的高压电源系统与中间电压Vm绝缘。
在上述说明中，说明了在由高压电池20供给电力的情况下控制部70控制高压电池20向高压负载部3和低压负载部4供给电力的例子，但不限定于此。在由高压电池20供给电力的情况下，控制部70可以控制高压电池20不对高压负载部3供给电力而仅对低压负载部4供给电力。
另外，就AC/DC转换部40而言，说明了具有整流电路41A和绝缘型的DC/DC转换器41B的例子，但不限定于此，也可以是其他电路结构。
另外，就DC/DC转换器41B而言，说明了使用3相DAB的单转换器电路的例子，但不限定于此，可以是使用2相DAB的单转换器电路、其他电路结构。
另外，就双向2相斩波电路50而言，说明构成为包含具有开关元件51～54和耦合电感器L3、L4的斩波电路的例子，但不限定于此，可以是其他电路结构。
另外，就高压负载部3而言，说明了构成为包含逆变器、电动发电机等的例子，但不限定于此，可以构成为包含其他电子设备。
另外，就低压负载部4而言，说明了构成为包含电动空调等的例子，但不限定于此，可以构成为包含其他电子设备。
另外，就控制部53而言，说明了设置于电力转换单元50的例子，但不限定于此，可以设置在其他场所。

Claims (3)

1.一种车辆电源装置，其特征在于，具备：
电池，所述电池向高压负载部和电压低于所述高压负载部的低压负载部供给直流电力；
交流电源连接部，所述交流电源连接部与向所述电池供给交流电力的交流电源部连接；
AC/DC转换部，所述AC/DC转换部将由所述交流电源部向所述电池供给的交流电力转换成直流电力；
双向DC/DC转换部，所述双向DC/DC转换部将利用所述AC/DC转换部进行了转换的直流电力的电压升压并向所述电池输出，并且将由所述电池向所述低压负载部供给的直流电力的电压降压；
第1直流电源连接部，所述第1直流电源连接部与供给直流电力的第1直流电源部连接；
第2直流电源连接部，所述第2直流电源连接部与供给相比于所述第1直流电源部更高压的直流电力的第2直流电源部连接；以及
控制部，所述控制部控制所述AC/DC转换部和所述双向DC/DC转换部，
在由所述交流电源部供给交流电力的情况下，所述控制部将利用所述AC/DC转换部进行了转换且利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了升压的直流电力向所述电池充电，并且将利用所述AC/DC转换部进行了转换的直流电力向所述低压负载部供给，
在由所述第1直流电源部供给直流电力的情况下，将利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了升压的直流电力向所述电池充电，并且由所述第1直流电源部不经由所述双向DC/DC转换部而向所述低压负载部供给直流电力，
在由所述第2直流电源部供给直流电力的情况下，由该第2直流电源部不经由所述双向DC/DC转换部而将直流电力向所述电池充电，并且将利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了降压的所述电池的直流电力向所述低压负载部供给，
在没有由所述交流电源部、所述第1直流电源部以及所述第2直流电源部供给电力的情况下，能够由所述电池不经由所述双向DC/DC转换部而向所述高压负载部供给直流电力，并且将利用所述双向DC/DC转换部进行了降压的所述电池的直流电力向所述低压负载部供给。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆电源装置，其特征在于，
所述AC/DC转换部具有：整流电路，所述整流电路将由所述交流电源部供给的交流电力整流成直流电力；以及绝缘型的DC/DC转换器，所述DC/DC转换器将利用所述整流电路进行了整流的直流电力的电压升压。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆电源装置，其特征在于，
所述双向DC/DC转换部构成为包含斩波电路，所述斩波电路具有：开关元件，所述开关元件使电流通过或切断；以及线圈，所述线圈根据所述开关元件的工作而输出感应电流。
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