CN110894156B - 蜂窝结构体 - Google Patents
蜂窝结构体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110894156B CN110894156B CN201910850681.3A CN201910850681A CN110894156B CN 110894156 B CN110894156 B CN 110894156B CN 201910850681 A CN201910850681 A CN 201910850681A CN 110894156 B CN110894156 B CN 110894156B
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- Prior art keywords
- honeycomb
- honeycomb structure
- fired body
- pores
- honeycomb fired
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供蜂窝结构体,本发明的课题在于提供能够更有效地使用隔壁内的催化剂、尾气净化性能优异的蜂窝结构体。一种蜂窝结构体,其是包含蜂窝烧制体的蜂窝结构体,该蜂窝烧制体中,2个以上的贯通孔隔着隔壁在长度方向并列设置,该结构体的特征在于:上述蜂窝烧制体包含二氧化铈‑氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒和氧化铝颗粒;在上述蜂窝烧制体的上述隔壁存在有气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔;在上述隔壁的截面的电子显微镜图像中,气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在上述大气孔的总面积之中所占的面积的比例为85%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蜂窝结构体。
背景技术
从汽车等内燃机中排出的尾气中包含一氧化碳(CO)、氮氧化物(NOx)、烃(HC)等有害气体和颗粒状物质(PM)。对这样的有害气体进行分解的尾气净化催化剂也被称为三元催化剂,通常为将包含具有催化活性的贵金属颗粒的浆料洗涂至由堇青石等构成的蜂窝状的整体式基材而设有催化剂层的催化剂。
另一方面,专利文献1中公开了一种蜂窝结构体,其具备由挤出成型体构成的蜂窝烧制体,该挤出成型体包含二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒(以下也称为CZ颗粒)和氧化铝颗粒,在0.01~0.1μm和0.1~5μm的范围具有气孔径分布曲线的峰。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开第2018/012565号
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是,在专利文献1的蜂窝结构体中,由于气孔的气孔径小,因此具有尾气不能充分扩散到隔壁内、负载于隔壁内的催化剂不能充分发挥出功能的问题。
本发明是为了解决上述课题而完成的发明,本发明的目的在于提供一种蜂窝结构体,其能够更有效地使用隔壁内的催化剂,尾气净化性能优异。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明的蜂窝结构体是包含蜂窝烧制体的蜂窝结构体,该蜂窝烧制体中,2个以上的贯通孔隔着隔壁在长度方向并列设置,该结构体的特征在于:上述蜂窝烧制体包含二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒和氧化铝颗粒;在上述蜂窝烧制体的上述隔壁存在有气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔;在上述隔壁的截面的电子显微镜图像中,气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在上述大气孔的总面积之中所占的面积的比例为85%以上。
尾气主要在蜂窝结构体的隔壁的气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔中通过而扩散到内部。
由于气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在上述大气孔的总面积之中所占的面积的比例为85%以上,因而不容易由于气孔尺寸的偏差而引起气体扩散效率的降低。即能够防止气体仅扩散到隔壁的特定部分。
因此,本发明的蜂窝结构体中,在隔壁内负载催化剂的情况下,催化剂与尾气能够有效地接触,因此能够发挥出高尾气净化性能。
需要说明的是,本申请说明书中,气孔径是指在利用电子显微镜对隔壁的截面进行拍摄而得到的截面图中的气孔的面积相当圆的直径(Heywood径)。
气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔(以下也简称为大气孔)的总面积和气孔径为5~15μm的气孔所占的面积可通过以下的方法求出。
1)首先,切割出蜂窝结构体中的隔壁的一部分作为测定样品,利用电子显微镜拍摄沿长度方向切断的截面的放大图像。此时,电子显微镜的加速电压为15kV、放大倍数为500倍。
2)接着,对于所得到的电子显微镜图像的规定区域,使用市售的图像分析软件等,分离成气孔和气孔以外的部分。之后由分离出的各气孔的面积求出面积相当圆的直径(气孔径)。其中,面积相当径小于2μm的气孔被排除在该测定之外。
反复进行从同一蜂窝结构体中切割出隔壁以及拍摄电子显微镜图像的操作,直至所测定的气孔数大于1000个为止。
3)在气孔数大于1000个的阶段,停止拍摄新的电子显微镜图像,由截至目前观测的全部气孔的气孔径和面积计算出气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积以及气孔径为5~15μm的气孔的总面积,最后求出气孔径为5~15μm的气孔的总面积在气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积中所占的比例。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,上述蜂窝烧制体的气孔率优选为55~75体积%。
蜂窝烧制体的气孔率为55~75体积%时,能够兼顾高机械强度和尾气净化性能。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,上述氧化铝颗粒优选为θ相的氧化铝颗粒。
氧化铝颗粒为θ相的氧化铝颗粒时,耐热性高,因此即使负载贵金属并在长时间使用后也能够发挥出高尾气净化性能。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,优选在上述蜂窝烧制体中负载贵金属。
通过使蜂窝烧制体负载贵金属,能够用于尾气净化用途。
附图说明
图1是示意性示出本发明的蜂窝结构体的一例的立体图。
图2是实施例1的蜂窝结构体的截面的电子显微镜图像。
图3是比较例1的蜂窝结构体的截面的电子显微镜图像。
具体实施方式
[蜂窝结构体]
首先对本发明的蜂窝结构体进行说明。
图1是示意性示出本发明的蜂窝结构体的一例的立体图。
图1所示的蜂窝结构体10具备2个以上的贯通孔12隔着隔壁13在长度方向并列设置的单一的蜂窝烧制体11。蜂窝烧制体11包含CZ颗粒和氧化铝颗粒,具有挤出成型体的形状。
如图1所示,蜂窝结构体10由单一的蜂窝烧制体11构成的情况下,蜂窝结构体10也是蜂窝烧制体本身。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,在隔壁的截面的电子显微镜图像中,气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积之中所占的面积的比例为85%以上。
由于气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔(以下也简称为大气孔)之中所占的比例多,因而不容易由于气孔尺寸的偏差而引起气体扩散效率的降低。
因此,本发明的蜂窝结构体中,在隔壁内负载催化剂的情况下,催化剂与尾气能够有效地接触,因此能够发挥出高尾气净化性能。
需要说明的是,气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积之中所占的面积的比例可以通过上述的使用电子显微镜图像的方法来求出。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,蜂窝烧制体包含CZ颗粒和氧化铝颗粒。
如下文所述,蜂窝烧制体是通过将包含CZ颗粒、氧化铝颗粒和造孔剂的原料糊料挤出成型后进行烧制而制作出的。
关于本发明的蜂窝结构体是否具有CZ颗粒和氧化铝颗粒,可以通过X射线衍射(XRD)来确认。
本发明的蜂窝结构体可以具备单一的蜂窝烧制体,也可以具备多个蜂窝烧制体,多个蜂窝烧制体可以通过粘接剂进行结合。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,在蜂窝烧制体的外周面可以形成外周涂层。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,上述蜂窝烧制体的气孔率优选为55~75体积%。
蜂窝烧制体的气孔率为55~75体积%时,能够兼顾高机械强度和尾气净化性能。
上述蜂窝烧制体的气孔率小于55体积%时,在隔壁中,能够有助于气体通过的气孔的比例减少,压力损失可能会提高。另一方面,上述蜂窝烧制体的气孔率大于75体积%时,由于气孔率过高,因而蜂窝结构体的机械特性劣化,蜂窝结构体在使用中容易发生裂纹或破坏等。
蜂窝烧制体的气孔率可以通过以下说明的重量法进行测定。
(1)将蜂窝烧制体切割成10孔道×10孔道×10mm的尺寸,作为测定试样。将该测定试样使用离子交换水和丙酮进行超声波清洗后,使用烘箱在100℃进行干燥。需要说明的是,10孔道×10孔道×10mm的测定试样是指按照下述方式切割而成的试样:以贯通孔纵向排列10个、横向排列10个的状态,包括最外侧的贯通孔和构成该贯通孔的隔壁,长度方向的长度为10mm。
(2)使用测定显微镜(尼康制Measuring Microscope MM-40倍率:100倍),对测定试样的截面形状的尺寸进行测定,根据几何学的计算求出体积(需要说明的是,在无法由几何学的计算求出体积的情况下,实测水饱和重量和水中重量来进行体积测定)。
(3)根据由计算求出的体积和由比重计测定得到的测定试样的真密度,计算出假定测定试样为完全的致密体的情况下的重量。需要说明的是,利用比重计进行的测定过程如(4)所示。
(4)将蜂窝烧制体粉碎,准备23.6cc的粉末。将所得到的粉末在200℃下干燥8小时。之后使用Micromeritics公司制造的Auto Pycnometer1320,依据JIS R 1620(1995)测定真密度。设排气时间为40分钟。
(5)采用电子天平(A&D制HR202i)对测定试样的实际重量进行测定。
(6)根据下式求出蜂窝烧制体的气孔率。
(蜂窝烧制体的气孔率)=100-(测定试样的实际的重量/假定测定试样为完全的致密体的情况下的重量)×100[%]
需要说明的是,即使在本发明的蜂窝结构体中负载有催化剂的情况下,由催化剂负载所致的蜂窝烧制体的气孔率的变化也小到可以忽略不计。
构成本发明的蜂窝结构体的氧化铝颗粒优选为θ相的氧化铝颗粒。
氧化铝颗粒为θ相的氧化铝颗粒时,耐热性高,因此即使在负载贵金属并长时间使用后也能够发挥出高尾气净化性能。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中优选包含在制造时作为粘结剂使用的γ氧化铝,进一步优选包含氧化铝纤维。
在蜂窝结构体的制造时需要粘结剂,这是由于,作为粘结剂使用勃姆石时,在烧制后勃姆石的大部分变成γ氧化铝。还由于,在包含氧化铝纤维时,能够改善蜂窝结构体的机械特性。
粘结剂的含有比例优选为0.1~10重量%,氧化铝纤维的含有比例优选为10~40重量%。
作为本发明的蜂窝结构体的形状,并不限于圆柱状,可以举出棱柱状、椭圆柱状、长圆柱状、带圆倒角的棱柱状(例如带圆倒角的三棱柱状)等。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,作为蜂窝烧制体的贯通孔的形状,并不限于四棱柱状,可以举出三棱柱状、六棱柱状等。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,蜂窝烧制体的垂直于长度方向的截面的贯通孔的密度优选为31~155个/cm2。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,蜂窝烧制体的隔壁的厚度优选为0.05~0.50mm、更优选为0.10~0.30mm。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,在蜂窝烧制体的外周面形成有外周涂层的情况下,外周涂层的厚度优选为0.1~2.0mm。
本发明的蜂窝结构体可以具备单一的蜂窝烧制体,也可以具备多个蜂窝烧制体,多个蜂窝烧制体可以利用粘接剂结合。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,优选在上述蜂窝烧制体中负载有贵金属。
上述蜂窝结构体中,在上述蜂窝烧制体中负载有起到作为催化剂的功能的贵金属时,也可以作为尾气净化用的蜂窝催化剂使用。
作为贵金属,例如可以举出铂、钯、铑等。
本发明的蜂窝结构体中,贵金属的负载量优选为0.1~15g/L、更优选为0.5~10g/L。
本说明书中,贵金属的负载量是指蜂窝结构体的单位表观体积的贵金属的重量。需要说明的是,蜂窝结构体的表观体积是包含空隙体积在内的体积,其包含外周涂层和/或粘接层的体积。
[蜂窝结构体的制造方法]
接着对本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法进行说明。
本发明的蜂窝结构体例如可通过下述工序得到:成型工序,在该工序中,将包含D50为10~30μm且由(D90-D10)/D50所表示的粒度分布指数为1.5以下的造孔剂、CZ颗粒和氧化铝颗粒的原料糊料进行成型,由此制作2个以上的贯通孔隔着隔壁在长度方向并列设置的蜂窝成型体;干燥工序,在该工序中,将蜂窝成型体干燥;以及烧制工序,在该工序中,对通过干燥工序干燥后的蜂窝成型体进行烧制。
(成型工序)
在成型工序中,将包含CZ颗粒、氧化铝颗粒和造孔剂的原料糊料进行成型,由此制作2个以上的贯通孔隔着隔壁在长度方向并列设置的蜂窝成型体。
在上述成型工序中,首先制备包含CZ颗粒、氧化铝颗粒和造孔剂的原料糊料。
制备原料糊料时使用的上述造孔剂的D50为10~30μm,由(D90-D10)/D50所表示的粒度分布指数为1.5以下。上述造孔剂的D50优选为15~30μm,上述粒度分布指数优选为1以下。
制备原料糊料时使用的造孔剂的D50为10~30μm、上述粒度分布指数为1.5以下时,能够大量产生气孔径为5~15μm的气孔,能够得到气孔径为5~15μm的气孔的面积在气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积中所占的比例为85%以上的本发明的蜂窝结构体。
另外,优选造孔剂的D50为15~30μm、上述粒度分布指数为1以下。D50和上述粒度分布指数为该范围时,能够更多地产生气孔径为5~15μm的气孔。
作为氧化铝颗粒,优选使用其D50为1~30μm的颗粒。
另外,作为CZ颗粒,优选使用其D50为1~10μm的颗粒。
此外,所使用的氧化铝颗粒的D50优选大于CZ颗粒的D50。
制备上述原料糊料时所使用的上述二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒相对于上述氧化铝颗粒的重量比(二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒/氧化铝颗粒)优选为1.0~3.0。
上述重量比(二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒/氧化铝颗粒)为1.0~3.0时,二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒的含量高,该二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒可作为助催化剂使用,因此尾气的净化性能提高。
氧化铝颗粒和CZ颗粒的D50以及造孔剂的D10、D50、D90可以使用激光衍射式粒度分布测定装置(MALVERN公司制造MASTERSIZER2000)进行测定。
此处,D10是指在粒径的体积累积分布曲线中从小粒径侧起的累积体积相当于10体积%的粒径,D50是指在粒径的体积累积分布曲线中从小粒径侧起的累积体积相当于50体积%的粒径,D90是指在粒径的体积累积分布曲线中从小粒径侧起的累积体积相当于90体积%的粒径。D50也被称为平均粒径。
作为制备原料糊料时使用的氧化铝颗粒,优选θ相的氧化铝颗粒。
上述造孔剂只要D50为10~30μm、由(D90-D10)/D50所表示的粒度分布指数为1.5以下即可。作为满足这些条件的物质,例如可以举出丙烯酸类树脂、淀粉、碳等。
造孔剂中,为了满足上述D50和粒度分布指数,可以进行分级。
作为分级方法,可以举出使用分级机的方法、使用筛的方法等。
在使用筛的方法的情况下,优选选择通过了500目但未通过1000目的造孔剂来使用。通过在上述条件对造孔剂施以筛分,容易将D50和粒度分布指数分别调整为10~30μm、1.5以下。另外,通过经分级除去粒径比较小的颗粒,容易将造孔剂的D50和粒度分布指数分别调整为15~30μm、1以下。
作为分级机,例如可以举出离心式分级机等。
作为制备原料糊料时所使用的其他原料,可以举出无机纤维、无机粘结剂、有机粘结剂等粘结剂、成型助剂、分散介质等。
作为构成上述无机纤维的材料没有特别限定,例如可以举出氧化铝、二氧化硅、碳化硅、氧化硅-氧化铝、玻璃、钛酸钾、硼酸铝等,也可以将两种以上合用。它们之中,优选氧化铝纤维。
上述无机纤维的长径比优选为5~300、更优选为10~200、进一步优选为10~100。
作为上述无机粘结剂没有特别限定,可以举出氧化铝溶胶、硅溶胶、二氧化钛溶胶、水玻璃、海泡石、凹凸棒石、勃姆石等所中包含的固体成分,这些无机粘结剂可以合用两种以上。这些之中,优选勃姆石。
勃姆石是以AlOOH的组成来表示的氧化铝一水合物,其在水等介质中良好地分散,因此本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法中,优选使用勃姆石作为粘结剂。
作为有机粘结剂没有特别限定,可以举出甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟基乙基纤维素、聚乙二醇、酚树脂、环氧树脂等,也可以将两种以上合用。
作为分散介质没有特别限定,可以举出水、苯等有机溶剂、甲醇等醇等,也可以将两种以上合用。
作为成型助剂没有特别限定,可以举出乙二醇、糊精、脂肪酸、脂肪酸皂、多元醇等,也可以将两种以上合用。
在使用CZ颗粒、氧化铝颗粒、氧化铝纤维和勃姆石作为上述的原料时,关于它们的混合比例,相对于原料中的烧制工序后残留的总固体成分,优选CZ颗粒为40~60重量%、氧化铝颗粒为15~35重量%、氧化铝纤维为10~40重量%、勃姆石为0.1~10重量%。
造孔剂的干燥体积在上述原料糊料的干燥体积中所占的比例优选为45~70体积%。
另外,制备原料糊料时所使用的CZ颗粒相对于氧化铝颗粒的重量比(CZ颗粒/氧化铝颗粒)优选为1.0~3.0。
重量比(CZ颗粒/氧化铝颗粒)为1.0~3.0时,CZ颗粒的含量高,由于该CZ颗粒可作为助催化剂使用,因此能够增强所负载的催化剂的催化作用,能够进一步提高作为蜂窝催化剂的性能。
在制备原料糊料时,优选进行混合混炼,可以使用混合器、超微磨碎机等进行混合,可以使用捏合机等进行混炼。
本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法中,将通过上述方法制备出的原料糊料进行成型,通过将其挤出成型而制作出蜂窝成型体。
具体地说,使原料糊料通过具有规定形状的模具,由此形成具有规定形状的贯通孔的蜂窝成型体的连续体,通过将其切割成规定的长度而制成蜂窝成型体。
(干燥工序)
在本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法中,将通过上述成型工序而成型出的成型体进行干燥。
此时,优选使用微波干燥机、热风干燥机、高频干燥机、减压干燥机、真空干燥机、冷冻干燥机等干燥机,对蜂窝成型体进行干燥,制作出蜂窝干燥体。
本说明书中,也将进行烧制工序之前的蜂窝成型体和蜂窝干燥体统称为蜂窝成型体。
(烧制工序)
在烧制工序中,对通过干燥工序干燥后的成型体进行烧制,由此制作出蜂窝烧制体。需要说明的是,由于该工序进行蜂窝成型体的脱脂和烧制,因此也可以将其称为“脱脂·烧制工序”,但方便起见将其称为“烧制工序”。
烧制工序的温度优选为800~1300℃、更优选为900~1200℃。另外,烧制工序的时间优选为1~24小时、更优选为3~18小时。烧制工序的气氛没有特别限定,优选氧浓度为1~20%。
通过以上的工序可以制造出本发明的蜂窝结构体。
(其他工序)
本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法可以根据需要进一步包括使贵金属负载于上述蜂窝烧制体中的负载工序。
作为在蜂窝烧制体中负载贵金属的方法,例如可以举出将蜂窝烧制体或蜂窝结构体浸渍在包含贵金属颗粒或络合物的溶液中,之后将其拉起并进行加热的方法等。
在蜂窝结构体具备外周涂层的情况下,可以在形成外周涂层之前的蜂窝烧制体中负载贵金属,也可以在形成了外周涂层之后的蜂窝烧制体或蜂窝结构体中负载贵金属。
本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法中,由上述负载工序负载的贵金属的负载量优选为0.1~15g/L、更优选为0.5~10g/L。
本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法中,在蜂窝烧制体的外周面形成外周涂层的情况下,外周涂层可以通过在蜂窝烧制体的除两端面以外的外周面涂布外周涂层用糊料,之后进行干燥固化来形成。作为外周涂层用糊料,可以举出与原料糊料相同组成的糊料。
(实施例)
以下示出进一步具体公开本发明的实施例。需要说明的是,本发明并不仅限于以下的实施例。
[评价用样品的制作]
(实施例1)
将CZ颗粒(D50:2μm)16.9重量%、γ氧化铝颗粒(D50:20μm)8.5重量%、作为无机粘结剂的勃姆石2.8重量%、氧化铝纤维(其平均纤维径为3μm、平均纤维长为100μm)10.6重量%、作为有机粘结剂的甲基纤维素3.9重量%、作为造孔剂的进行了使其通过500目但不通过1000目的分级而得到的淀粉(长径比:1.0、D50:14.2μm、粒度分布指数:1.1)28.1重量%、作为成型助剂的表面活性剂聚氧乙烯油基醚2.9重量%和离子交换水26.2重量%进行混合混炼,制备原料糊料。需要说明的是,上述成型助剂在30℃时的粘度为50mPa·s。另外,造孔剂的干燥体积在原料糊料的干燥体积中所占的比例为55.0体积%。
需要说明的是,氧化铝颗粒和CZ颗粒的D50以及造孔剂的D10、D50、D90使用激光衍射式粒度分布测定装置(MALVERN公司制造MASTERSIZER2000)进行测定。
使用挤出成型机,对原料糊料进行挤出成型,制作圆柱状的蜂窝成型体。之后,在使用减压微波干燥机将蜂窝成型体以输出功率1.74kW、减压6.7kPa的条件干燥12分钟后,在1100℃进行10小时的脱脂·烧制,由此制作出蜂窝烧制体。蜂窝烧制体是直径为103mm、长度为80mm的圆柱状,贯通孔的密度为77.5个/cm2(500cpsi)、隔壁的厚度为0.127mm(5mil)。
(比较例1)
除了将造孔剂不分级来使用以外,利用与实施例1相同的过程制造比较例1的蜂窝结构体。比较例1中使用的未进行分级的造孔剂的长径比、D50和粒度分布指数分别为1.0、16.6μm、2.1。
[气孔的测定]
分别切割出实施例1和比较例1的蜂窝结构体中的隔壁的一部分作为测定样品,利用电子显微镜拍摄沿长度方向切断的截面的放大图像。电子显微镜使用KEYENCE公司制造的VE-9800,设加速电压为15kV、放大倍数为500倍。
对于所得到的电子显微镜图像,使用附带的图像分析软件,分离成气孔和气孔以外的部分,由分离出的各气孔的面积求出面积相当圆的直径(面积相当径)。其中,面积相当径小于2μm的气孔被排除在外。反复进行从同一蜂窝结构体中切割出样品和拍摄电子显微镜图像的操作,直至所测定的气孔数大于1000个为止,由至此为止测定的全部气孔的气孔径和面积计算出气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积以及气孔径为5~15μm的气孔的总面积,最后求出气孔径为5~15μm的气孔的面积在气孔径为2~50μm的大气孔的总面积中所占的比例。将结果列于表1。另外,在图2和图3中分别示出此时拍摄得到的电子显微镜图像。图2为实施例1的蜂窝结构体的截面的电子显微镜图像,图3为比较例1的蜂窝结构体的截面的电子显微镜图像。
[尾气净化性能评价]
利用以下的方法测定尾气净化性能。将结果列于表1。
将实施例1和比较例1的蜂窝结构体置于V型6缸3.5L发动机中,测定理论空燃比发动机(ストイキエンジン)启动后HC浓度((HC的流入量-HC的流出量)/(HC的流入量)×100)达到50%时的温度(HC起燃温度),对蜂窝结构体的尾气净化性能进行评价。
HC浓度达到50%时的温度越低,意味着尾气净化性能越优异,上述温度低于280℃时,判定其具有充分的尾气净化性能。将结果列于表1。
[表1]
由表1的结果可知,本发明的蜂窝结构体中,气孔径为5~15μm的气孔在大气孔中所占的比例大,不容易引起气体扩散效率的降低。
另外,由图2和图3确认到,实施例1的蜂窝结构体中,气孔尺寸的偏差小,其尾气净化性能优于气孔尺寸的偏差大的比较例1的蜂窝结构体。
符号的说明
10 蜂窝结构体
11 蜂窝烧制体
12 贯通孔
13 隔壁
Claims (1)
1.一种蜂窝结构体,其是包含蜂窝烧制体的蜂窝结构体,该蜂窝烧制体中,2个以上的贯通孔隔着隔壁在长度方向并列设置,该结构体的特征在于:
所述蜂窝烧制体包含二氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物颗粒和θ相的氧化铝颗粒,
在所述蜂窝烧制体中负载有贵金属,所述蜂窝烧制体的气孔率为55体积%~75体积%,
在所述蜂窝烧制体的所述隔壁存在有气孔径为2μm~50μm的大气孔,
在所述隔壁的截面的电子显微镜图像中,气孔径为5μm~15μm的气孔在所述大气孔的总面积之中所占的面积的比例为85%以上。
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JP2020040033A (ja) | 2020-03-19 |
CN110894156A (zh) | 2020-03-20 |
US20200078779A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
DE102019213378A1 (de) | 2020-03-12 |
US10603658B1 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
JP6781742B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 |
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