CN110878481A - 一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN110878481A
CN110878481A CN201911064103.3A CN201911064103A CN110878481A CN 110878481 A CN110878481 A CN 110878481A CN 201911064103 A CN201911064103 A CN 201911064103A CN 110878481 A CN110878481 A CN 110878481A
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王成龙
李立新
周岚
柴丽琴
郑今欢
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Huzhou Beiheng Textile Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，采用分散染料，对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行低温的载体染色，解决了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维普通染色上染率低的问题。其工艺步骤为：(1)去除聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维表面附着的杂质，烘干；(2)将洗涤去除杂质后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入到含有低温型分散染料和载体的染液中，进行染色；(3)将染色后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行还原清洗。

Description

一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品染色加工领域，具体涉及了一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺。
背景技术
聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)纤维是一种新型脂肪族聚酯纤维，具有良好的物理机械性能和生物降解性能，其玻璃化转变温度在-30℃左右，热变形温度接近100℃，熔点为114℃，结晶度为40％左右，断裂伸长率和拉伸强度与聚乙烯相近。与聚乳酸酯(PLA)、聚羟基丁酸酯(PHA)相比，聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维价格低廉，同时具有较好的耐热性能、力学性能以及柔软性能，易加工成型，从而使得聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维产业化生产相关方面具有一定的研究价值。目前而言，国内外很少有人对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维染整加工方面进行研究，其中，专利201811251386.8将溶剂染料、甲醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺以及水配置成染液对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行染色，专利201410448139.2则利用前处理染色多功能助剂，分散染料，水组成工作液对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯织物进行除油染色一浴加工。
但是由于聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维耐酸不耐碱且熔点低，纤维热稳定性能较差，因此，需要选用较低温度进行上染。载体染色是以与纤维结构接近的小分子类有机溶剂为染色载体的染色方法，可有效降低聚酯纤维的染色温度，对聚酯的结构和染色性能均有着较大的影响。载体染色是合成纤维常见的染色工艺。但目前针对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维载体染色方法国内鲜有报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，采用分散染料，对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行低温的载体染色，解决了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维普通染色上染率低的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，采用如下技术方案：
一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
(1)去除聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维表面附着的杂质，烘干；
(2)将洗涤去除杂质后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入到含有低温型分散染料和载体的染液中，进行染色；
(3)将染色后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行还原清洗。
优选后，所述步骤(1)中所述除杂工艺为：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入含有2g/L非离子表面活性剂和2g/L碳酸钠的处理液中，在温度为60℃下处理30min，水洗后烘干备用。
优选后，所述非离子表面活性剂为净洗剂POEA、净洗剂6501、AEO系里中的一种或几种。
优选后，所述步骤(2)中的载体制备工艺为：乳化剂用量1～3％，增塑剂用量10～20％，水用量补充至100％(百分含量均为体积比)，乳化温度为室温，乳化时间15～25min，乳化机转速8000～12000rpm。
优选后，所述乳化剂为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)、十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(1831)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、吐温80、司班80中的一种或两种。
优选后，所述增塑剂为丁二酸二甲酯、丁二酸二乙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、苯甲酸苄酯中的一种或几种。
优选后，所述步骤(2)中染色工艺为：分散染料1～4％(o.w.f)，pH＝5～6，载体用量10～20g/L，浴比1∶(20～50)。
优选后，所述分散染料为低温型分散染料。
优选后，所述步骤(3)中还原清洗工艺为：保险粉2g/L，氢氧化钠2g/L，浴比为1∶20～50，在50-70℃下还原清洗10-20min，再经水洗后烘干。
由于采用上述技术方案，具有以下有益效果：
本发明为一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，利用载体染色方法，实现了分散染料聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维低温染色，解决了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维普通染色上染率低的问题，且染色后聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维纤维色牢度较高，对纤维强力基本无影响。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的热重分析(TG)曲线。
具体实施方式
本发明采用分散染料，对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行低温的载体染色，解决了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维普通染色上染率低的问题。
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步说明，为了使本发明的技术方案及特点更加清楚明白，便于领域内普通技术人员的理解，在下述实验方法实施例中，如无特别说明，所用的试剂、材料和设备均可从商业途径购得，或者常规方法制得。
实施例1
(1)除杂工艺为：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入含有2g/L净洗剂POEA和2g/L碳酸钠的处理液中，在温度为60℃下处理30min，水洗后烘干备用。
(2)载体制备工艺为：十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵用量1％，丁二酸二甲酯用量10％，水用量补充至100％(百分含量均为体积比)，乳化温度为室温，乳化时间10min，乳化机转速8000rpm。
(3)染色工艺为：低温型分散染料2％(o.w.f)，pH＝5，载体用量10g/L，浴比1∶30。还原清洗工艺为：保险粉2g/L，氢氧化钠2g/L，浴比为1∶30，在60℃下还原清洗20min，再经水洗后烘干。
实施例2
(1)除杂工艺为：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入含有2g/L净洗剂6501和2g/L碳酸钠的处理液中，在温度为60℃下处理30min，水洗后烘干备用。
(2)载体制备工艺为：十八烷基三甲基氯化铵用量2％，丁二酸二乙酯用量15％，水用量补充至100％(百分含量均为体积比)，乳化温度为室温，乳化时间20min，乳化机转速10000rpm。
(3)染色工艺为：分散染料3％(o.w.f)，pH＝6，载体用量15g/L，浴比1∶40。还原清洗工艺为：保险粉2g/L，氢氧化钠2g/L，浴比为1∶30，在70℃下还原清洗10min，再经水洗后烘干。
实施例3
(1)除杂工艺为：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入含有2g/L净洗剂POEA和2g/L碳酸钠的处理液中，在温度为60℃下处理30min，水洗后烘干备用。
(2)载体制备工艺为：十二烷基硫酸钠和吐温80用量各2％，乙酸乙酯用量15％，水用量补充至100％(百分含量均为体积比)，乳化温度为室温，乳化时间20min，乳化机转速10000rpm。
(3)染色工艺为：分散染料2％(o.w.f)，pH＝5，载体用量15g/L，浴比1∶30。还原清洗工艺为：保险粉2g/L，氢氧化钠2g/L，浴比为1∶20，在60℃下还原清洗15min，再经水洗后烘干。
实施例4
1)除杂工艺为：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入含有2g/L净洗剂POEA和2g/L碳酸钠的处理液中，在温度为60℃下处理30min，水洗后烘干备用。
2)载体制备工艺为：十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵用量3％，丁二酸二甲酯用量20％，水用量补充至100％(百分含量均为体积比)，乳化温度为室温，乳化时间10min，乳化机转速12000rpm。
3)染色工艺为：分散染料4％(o.w.f),pH＝6，载体用量20g/L，浴比1∶50。还原清洗工艺为：保险粉2g/L，氢氧化钠2g/L，浴比为1∶50，在60℃下还原清洗20min，再经水洗后烘干。
针对上述实施例，对染色后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的热稳定性测定：取两份1g的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维，分别用蒸馏水和1％载体溶液在70℃条件下处理45min，然后使用热重分析仪在氮气条件下(升温速率10℃/min)对试样进行测定，测定结果如图1所示。
染色后聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维耐洗色牢度参照GB/T 3921.3-1997《纺织品色牢度试验耐洗色牢度：试验3》测定，测定结果如表1所示：
表1聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维K/S值及耐洗色牢度
Figure BDA0002258737910000051
根据图1可知，经蒸馏水和自制载体处理过的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维，起始分解温度(350℃左右)基本相同，但终止分解温度(453℃和443℃)不同，经过载体处理过的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的终止分解温度比水处理过的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的终止分解温度低，说明载体对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的热性能产生了一定的影响；同时载体处理过的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维热失重率比蒸馏水处理的要高，这可能是载体分解所造成的，由此可见，载体对于聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的热稳定性有较小的影响。
根据表1可知，染色后聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维皂洗牢度均在4级以上。
以上仅为本发明的具体实施例，但本发明的技术特征并不局限于此。任何以本发明为基础，为解决基本相同的技术问题，实现基本相同的技术效果，所作出地简单变化、等同替换或者修饰等，皆涵盖于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (9)

1.一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
(1)去除聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维表面附着的杂质，烘干；
(2)将洗涤去除杂质后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入到含有低温型分散染料和载体的染液中，进行染色；
(3)将染色后的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维进行还原清洗。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中所述除杂工艺为：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维加入含有2g/L非离子表面活性剂和2g/L碳酸钠的处理液中，在温度为60℃下处理30min，水洗后烘干备用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述非离子表面活性剂为净洗剂POEA、净洗剂6501、AEO系里中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中的载体制备工艺为：乳化剂用量1～3％，增塑剂用量10～20％，水用量补充至100％，乳化温度为室温，乳化时间15～25min，乳化机转速8000～12000rpm，上述百分含量均为体积比。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述乳化剂为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、吐温80、司班80中的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述增塑剂为丁二酸二甲酯、丁二酸二乙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、苯甲酸苄酯中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中染色工艺为：分散染料1～4％(o.w.f)，pH＝5～6，载体用量10～20g/L，浴比1∶(20～50)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述分散染料为低温型分散染料。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的载体染色工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中还原清洗工艺为：保险粉2g/L，氢氧化钠2g/L，浴比为1∶20～50，在50-70℃下还原清洗10-20min，再经水洗后烘干。
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CN108914625A (zh) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-30 东华大学 一种聚甲醛纤维染色方法
CN109385920A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-02-26 绍兴九洲化纤有限公司 一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的染色工艺

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JPH08311781A (ja) * 1995-03-14 1996-11-26 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc 染色法
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CN108914625A (zh) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-30 东华大学 一种聚甲醛纤维染色方法
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